SOCIAL

The production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal

The production and sale of cigarettes not only has a negative impact on human health, it can
even cause death. This is the main reason why the production and sale of cigarettes must be
prohibited. Its obviously a big issue today some people, mostly non smokers, are against
smoking altogether, while other people think that everybody has the right to buy and smoke
cigarettes. Nevertheless, if we look at this issue rationally and logically, and not according to the
smokers point of view, it is clear that because of it is impact on our health, the production and
sale of cigarettes must be forbidden.
Everybody has learned in childhood that smoking is a bad thing, but not everyone knows how
dangerous smoking is. Sometimes people who smoke do not even recognize the serious problems
smoking can cause. According to the article Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking by Casey
Holley, an eHow Contributor, cigarette smoking can cause many serious health problems such as
respiratory difficulties. Smoking does great harm to the lungs and heart, smokers can get chronic
coughing and asthma and this is the reason why activities like running or walking are very
difficult for smokers. Moreover, cigarettes have carcinogens that can cause an extremely serious
disease like a lung cancer, mouth cancer and throat cancer. Furthermore, smoking may be the
reason to circulatory system problems. Smokers are likely to have an irregular heartbeat, and the
risk of a heart attack is high. People also need to think about social effects. For example, not
many people like how cigarette smoke smells, and furthermore, smoking has an effect on
possessions, which means that furniture, mirrors, and windows become hazy, and items like
clothes, furniture and carpets, absorb the smell of cigarettes.
Surprisingly, smoking has a small positive effect according to the article Why Smokers Feel
Good. When a person is smoking a cigarette, it stimulates the flow of feel good chemicals in
his or her brain. Thats why we can say that when a smoker has not smoked for just a couple of
days, he or she has a depression but after only one cigarette, a smoker feels good and happy. The
addiction to smoking, pleasure derived from smoking and craving of cigarettes are all related to
neurochemistry. Even though there is a small positive effect, which is that when a person is
smoking it makes him or her happy, it cannot cover over all of the bad effects that smoking

causes. Even a famous cigarette company like Philip Morris International understands the
overall negative health effects that smoking can cause. According to the article Smoking and
Health which has been published on the Philip Morris website, Smoking causes many serious
diseases.
Some people say that we also need to keep in mind the financial factor because tobacco
companies invest a significant amount of money in the economy of the USA by paying taxes.
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, this year, $25.3 billion will be
collected from tobacco taxes and legal settlements. At first glance, it seems that the country can
lose a huge amount of money if the government of the United States prohibits the production and
sale of cigarettes, but this is a mistake. In fact, the United States will lose much more money if
cigarettes are still available to the people. According to Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, the United States has to spend billions of dollars each year because of tobacco use.
To be precise, $193 billion is spent each year, which includes $97 billion in lost productivity and
$96 billion in health care expenditures. Moreover, according to the same source, more than $10
billion is a second smoke costs, which also includes health care expenditures, morbidity, and
mortality. You do not have to be an outstanding mathematician to calculate the difference
between the profit and costs because it can be seen clearly.
Besides the money, there are many more important points. For instance, according to Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, in the United States it is estimated that there are 443,000
deaths each year because of smoking. Tobacco use is the reason to more deaths each year than
illegal drug use, alcohol use, HIV, motor vehicle injures, suicides, and murders all together.
According to the same source, 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men, 80% of all lung cancer
deaths in women and 90% of all deaths from chronic obstructive lung disease are caused by
smoking. Smoking also can increase stroke by 2 to 4 times, coronary heart disease by 2 to 4
times, lung cancer in men by 23 times, lung cancer in women by 13 times, and death from
chronic obstructive lung disease by 12 to 13 times. People should be aware of the fact that the
number one cause of death in the United States is coronary heart disease, which is also caused by
smoking. Women especially must know what terrible consequences smoking can have for them.
For example, smoking can increase a risk of preterm delivery, stillbirth, low birth weight, sudden
infant death syndrome and even infertility. Furthermore, if we compare women who do not

smoke with women that smoke we can see that female smokers have lower bone density and
have an increased risk for hip fracture than female non smokers.
Of course there are people who do not agree with the idea that the production and sale of
cigarettes should be made illegal. Opponents of this idea claim that every person has the right to
buy and smoke cigarettes because it is part of their freedom. If the production and sale of
cigarettes stops, people will lose the availability to buy cigarettes legally. It will be a big
problem. Today we can see that in many places smoking is prohibited and smokers really do not
like it. For example, one weekend, I was talking with my friend about a place to go, and I
suggested a good place, but he refused because smoking is prohibited there. Smokers have got to
understand that when they are smoking, they not only harm their health, but they also harm
others who are located within walking distance of them. There is a term passive smoking
which basically means that when a smoker is surrounded by other people, they inhale harmful
substances (Scientific Facts, 2004). Moreover non smokers have got to have the right to inhale
fresh and not poisoned air, which is very significant. Who wants to bring their children to a place
which is full of smoke from cigarettes? I suppose no one is willing to do that. Actually a lot of
smokers know the fact that smoking causes many diseases but, as I see it, they just really do not
want to think about the consequences. Clearly, ignoring this problem is not going to resolve it.
Supporters of the idea that the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal are very
persuasive. First of all parents, do not want that their children would smoke for obvious reasons,
even if we ask some smokers a question: Would you like that your kids smoke? Their answer
would probably be no because every parent wishes only the best for their children. Eventually
smoking is a very bad example for kids and youth because when they see adults smoking
everywhere, it begins to seem to them that it is normal and they will probably start to imitate this
kind of behavior, which is harmful to them.
If we summarize the above, we can see that the production and sale of cigarettes should be
made illegal as soon as possible. Everyone knows that smoking is a bad thing for many medical
reasons but as we, also can see, unfortunately, there are some people who do not want to take this
issue seriously. Probably, while you are reading this paper, dozens of people have already died
because of cigarettes, which is sad. People should be more responsible for their health and the
health of their loved ones before it is too late.

PRODUCTION OF SELL DVD SHOULD BE ILLEGAL

Piracy of intellectual property thats protected by copyright law is a serious crime. Not only does
it rob the makers of recordings, videos, movies, games, and other creative works of the money
they are entitled to, but it costs tens of thousands of people their jobs each year. It also deprives
governments at all levels of tax revenue. Piracy itself is a crime, and it causes an increase in
other types of crime. Gangs and organized crime groups have both been linked to the piracy of
creative work.
Pirated materials are everywhere. All you have to do is walk
down a city street to see all the CDs and DVDs for sale by street
vendors. The vendors stalls lend color and atmosphere to our
city streets, but did you know that some are fronts for criminals
that are reaping huge profits from the high markup on goods
they have counterfeited? These pirated materials are also
available in stores and on the Web.
Piracy also takes place in dorm rooms, bedrooms, and recreation
rooms across America, where anyone can illegally download
tunes or movies. All thats needed is a computer and access to
the Internet. Most dont realize that when they download a
copyrighted tune, movie, game, or book without permission
from the owner or seller and dont pay for it that theyre
breaking the law. But they are. Making unauthorized copies of
these creative works is against the law, and breaking it may
subject the person who does it to civil and criminal liability
especially if they distribute the stolen product to others. The
penalties for first-time offenders include jail time of up to five
years and fines of up to $250,000.

It takes just one click

to illegally duplicate a
CD or DVD, but it's
illegal and can hurt
other people.

The individuals and industries that produce the original goods that are subsequently pirated are
important to the U.S. economy. The entertainment industry in the United States employs 2.9
million people, or 2.1 percent of all U.S. jobs. The 668,000 U.S. businesses that are involved in
the creation or distribution of creative works represent more than 4 percent of all businesses. The
U.S. movie and television industries alone produce a trade surplus of more than $13 billion each
year. But each year, more than 300,000 people that depend on copyrighted industries lose their
jobs as a direct result of piracy. This includes not just the authors of creative works, but all those
who derive the income from producing and distributing their workmovie theatre staff, video
store operators, movie extras, sound technicians, set decorators, even the caterers who supply the
set or studio and the drivers that transport the crews.
The most familiar type of piracy is the illegal copying and distribution of music, movies, and
games from the Internet. While downloading these productsif you pay for them or have
permissionisnt a crime, it is a crime if they are sent to others or widely distributed. Once a
tune or movie is posted on the Internet, it lives foreverand the artist behind the product is
forever deprived of income.
Piracy of movies is also a serious problem. Many are made by
camcording something in a movie theatre. A pirate will take
video equipment into a theatre, attach it to an armrest for stability,
and record whats on the screen. The high-quality counterfeits are
then sold illegallyat huge markups. Forty-one states, Washington,
DC, and Puerto Rico all have laws against the use of a recording
device in a theatre. And federal laws against copyright violation
and intellectual property theft also apply.

Piracy costs jobs

and may result in
the spread of crime.

Most people dont know that theyre doing something illegal when It's not so innocent.
they download a tune or buy an authorized product. They dont
realize that theyre costing people their jobs or contributing to
crime. With the ease and speed of modern technology, its easy to
make a mistake
Its easy to stay on the straight and narrow.

When you buy a tune on the Internet and download it, make sure you dont send a copy to
a friend or someone who might sell it to others.

If you get a tune from someone, dont re-send it to others.

Dont make copies of DVDs and give them out to your friends and relativeseven as
gifts.

Dont instant message a tune.

Dont download products from file-sharing services if youre not entitled to them.

Dont pay a fee to join a file-sharing service that you know isnt authorized to provide the
goods its distributing. They may allow you to download all the tunes or movies you want,
but its against the law.

Dont burn CDs or DVDs.

If shopping online, beware of sites that arent familiar to youand that are selling
expensive products at prices that are way too good.

Examine the wrappings of the tunes and other products you buy offline and make sure
they look original and are of the usual quality for the product.

Look for the brand insignia of the manufacturer on the product and make sure it looks
they way its supposed to.

Dont buy CDs or DVDs from street vendors. Their products are often counterfeited.

Ask street vendors or discount stores that sell CDs and DVDs at bargain prices where
they got the products and how they can sell them for such steeply discounted prices.

If your city or state has a sales tax, be suspicious when you buy something and no tax is
collected.

Dont use an illicit cable decoder or satellite descrambler to watch movies and programs
you havent paid for. Dont buy the decoder or descrambler to begin with.

Dont record a live public performance when you dont have permission. Most public
performances prohibit the use of video equipment, cameras, and other recording devices.
You may be depriving the artist and those who depend on the artist from income.

Remember that if the price is too good to be true, it probably is. The product offered at a
bargain price is probably illegal

As universities make greater use of Internet resources, online classes have continued to grow in
popularity and effectiveness. Online courses let students learn at their own pace, accomplish
assignments on their own schedules and acquire the same knowledge as they would in a
traditional, classroom-based course. Just like traditional classes, online instructors use
discussion, assignments and community to educate students. However, their means of execution
for these tools are quite different.
More Meaningful & Productive.
www.zendesk.com/

EDUCATION
Pros and Cons of Single-Sex Education
Pros and Cons of Single-Sex Education

PROS
Mixed genders can be a distraction.

CONTRAS
Studies are inconclusive about how helpful

Single-sex schools break down stereotypes.

separating genders is
Eventually, it could be hard for students to

Teachers can employ instruction techniques

assimilate into "mixed gender" society.

Many teachers may not have the training to

geared toward specific genders.

Girls mature faster, so potentially boys won't

employ gender-specific teaching techniques.

Boys mature slower, so potentially girls won't

hold them back.

positively

The Bottom Line

It may seem like a new development in education, but single-sex education is actually a
throwback to curriculum systems of yesteryear, from way back before the 19th century. The
factor thats changed is the reason behind the implementation, which may continue to evolve as
new trends and legislation emerge. It remains to be proven whether single-sex classrooms are
beneficial to students.

Arguing a Point Part B

Sample Essay

When it is time to send their child to high school, most parents have a choice between a
single sex school or a coeducational school. Parents want the best education for their
children but it is difficult to know which type of high school is more beneficial. This essay will
argue that coeducational high schools have a positive impact on students, both personally
and professionally.
One of the most important reasons why a coeducational school is more beneficial for
students is that it provides them with important social and relationship skills. Students who
go to coeducational schools learn to communicate and form relationships with both boys and
girls. If they attend a single sex school, they may not learn how to talk with and how to be
friends with the opposite sex. This may result in difficulties in their adult life. Most people
want to have boyfriends and girlfriends and get married when they are older. However, if
they do not have much experience with the opposite sex when they are growing up, they
may not have a good understanding of them and may find it difficult to start and to
maintain good relationships.
Another important point is that this lack of experience with the opposite sex may even
impact on their career and professional lives. In most countries and in most professions
men and women have to work together. A coeducational school teaches boys and girls how
to communicate with each other and how to work together within an educational
environment. If students attend a single sex school, they may not feel comfortable with or
be very skilled at constructing good working relationships with the opposite sex.
Finally, if students attend a coeducational high school, they are exposed to both male and
female culture, skills, abilities and strengths. Even in societies in which men and women are
considered equal and should have equal opportunities, there are usually some differences.
In New Zealand, for example, more women are teachers and more men are scientists, and
girls get higher scores in reading tests while boys do better in mathematics. As a result,
single sex schools may focus on particular subjects and students may be influenced only by
the interests and choices of their own sex. However, if they attend a coeducational school
they may be exposed to a wider range of subjects and interests. If a girl has friends who are
boys she may be more likely to share her interest in science and mathematics and develop
her skills in this area. Similarly, a boy who is interested in reading can have more fellow
students to talk to about books at a coeducational school. In a boys school he may find that
his interest in reading is not encouraged or stimulated by his fellow students.

In conclusion, coeducational schools provide important benefits and are therefore better for
high school students. Coeducational schools help to teach students to interact with the
opposite sex, which is important for their personal, social and professional lives as adults.
They also provide exposure to a wider range of interests and skills, which may have
educational benefits.

Education: Sample Essay Analysis

1. Does this essay agree or disagree with the statement? Why?

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

2. Talk to your partner. How is the essay organised? What is in the introduction?
Introduction
What is in the introduction? Use the boxes next to the sentences to label the
different parts.
Body
What is in the body paragraphs? Use the boxes next to the sentences to label
the different parts.
Conclusion
What is in the conclusion? Use the boxes next to the sentences to label the
different parts.

ONLINE CLASS VS TRADITIONAL CLASS (BENEFIT AND DISADVANTAGE)

1
Time Management
Both online and traditional classes require students to manage their time wisely. In traditional
classes, students structure their time outside of the classroom to allow for studying, projects and
homework. However, Northcentral University, an online institution, states that with the absence
of regular class meetings, online courses require students to acquire and learn course materials
on their own time. According to the "Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks," this freedom
is what makes online classes attractive to nontraditional students who may work additional jobs
or have family responsibilities that make attending regular classes a challenge.
Participation
Both online and classroom-based courses also assess student participation. In traditional classes,
students voluntarily participate in discussions or ask and answer questions. However, according
to the University of Connecticut's Instructional Design and Development Guide for Online
Students, some people may be shy or unwilling to contribute, leading to a lopsided class dynamic
where the same people tend to carry the weight. In online courses, participation is mandatory,
usually through written discussions in chat rooms or on message boards. Students, therefore,
have the opportunity to hear a wider range of perspectives, including those of people who may
struggle with participating in a traditional environment.
Student and Teacher Relationships
In a classroom-based course, face-to-face communication creates a different dynamic for every
class. Online classes, however, lack this interaction, requiring teachers to use forums, chats and
other online discussion media to build community. The University of Connecticut's Instructional
Design and Development Guide for Online Students also states that in terms of group
assignments, being unable to delegate work in person can add complications. Similarly, students
also lack the opportunity to get to know the instructor in-person. While traditional classrooms let
students gain support and personal relationships from teachers, online courses only offer
electronic communication.

Assignments and Tests

Traditional classroom instructors can offer virtually every type of assessment, from written work
to tests to oral examinations and presentations. However, online classes are more limited in the
types of assignments students can complete. Typically, online instructors grade students through
papers, open-book examinations and student contributions to online discussions. Because online
students must be self-directed, online instructors usually design assignments that are practical in
nature. Northcentral University reports that many students find this approach more effective than
cramming for tests and quizzes.
Overall Results and Preferences
While some studies show online students slightly outperforming their traditional classroom
counterparts, most indicate that there is little difference in overall performance between the two
formats, according to the American Sociology Association. However, one major difference is that
student-learning style plays a role in each format's success. Students who are highly selfdirected, organized and autonomous will likely thrive in an online environment, while those who
tend to rely on instructors for direction may struggle. Similarly, extroverted students who enjoy
face-to-face classroom interactions may do best in a traditional environment, while introverted
students may welcome the solitary qualities of online classes

Getting on the degree path thats right for you is a big decision for manyand not something to
take lightly. As employers demand more skills from employees, the demand of online degree
programs has increased in popularity. In fact, within the United States, 6.7 million
students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2011an increase of more than 500,000
students compared to 2010.

What is the big difference in online versus traditional education?

Each student learns differently and in today's era of increasing technology, the question will not
be whether to offer classes online, but rather how to implement them, says Allison Hiltz, a
former online and traditional education student who writes for The Book Wheel Blog.
There are several options when it comes to online or traditional education degrees. The platform
offers everything from certificates and diplomas to more advanced degree options such as an
associate or bachelors degree.
With constant changes in technology from all different degree programs, lets take a look at the
advantages to an online versus traditional education and examine how each type of education
impacts you as a student.

Online vs. traditional education: flexibility

One of the key components to consider when weighing the options is the amount of time you
have everyday to work on your degree. Are you willing and able to attend college full-time or do
you need more flexibility for your busy schedule?
Flexibility was a major concern for Casey Horton, a graduate of sociology and psychology
from Ashford University. Horton, a working adult, needed an online program because of the
convenience it offered. If you are raising a family, working and can't find a job that [offers] a
flexible schedule, then online is the best way, Horton says.
Online education:
A benefit to taking online courses is that they offer flexibility to the student. This is a great
option for those who already have a time commitment with family and work. Online classes will
mold with your schedulelog in to your online course at a time that works best for you as
opposed to having to attend a lecture at a specific time.
Traditional education:
This option is best for those who have a little more time in their schedule. Even if youre hoping
for a little flexibility, on-campus courses typically offer day and evening schedules so you can

coordinate with your daily commitments. One thing youll need to remember to factor in is
where you live and work in proximity to the campus.

Online vs. traditional education: discipline

Something else to consider while weighing your college options is how much you can discipline
yourself. Do you need structure in order to be a successful student? Do you need a running to-do
list every day to checks things off as you go? If so, an online degree may be a great pathway for
you.
Discipline is important for online degrees as well as for traditional, on-campus
degrees. University of Louisville graduate Anita Hoag found the most success with a bit of both.
[Being an online college student] does require more discipline, but if you have the right
technology tools it can be a very rewarding experience, Hoag adds.
Online education:
Being an online student will work well for those who have the ability to self-motivate. Without a
plan or some type of organization, your work will suffer in the online classroom, but if you set
deadlines and prioritize your school schedule, you should see success.
Traditional education:
A traditional on-campus setting is probably best for you, if you know you need discipline to get
work completed. This method will give you the support and will to complete assignments and
tasks on a daily basis.
Online vs. traditional education: social interaction
One final area to consider is if you need a classroom experience that provides one-on-one
communication for success. Do you need interaction from your peers and instructors to succeed?
Or are you possibly someone who can thrive in an independent study environment?

Rowan University communications student Brian Kearney enjoys the face-to-face time with
other students and instructors. Being in a classroom and engaging with others helps in the
learning process, which is something online courses cannot offer, Kearney says.
Online education:
Interactions with instructors and peers will still happen as an online student. It just happens to be
through online video instead. Learning through online video can help you to focus more on
independently learning and your classes may even go quicker without some of the distractions of
a traditional classroom education.
Traditional education:
Traditional education is better for those who need face-to-face communication. When you don't
have direct interactions with your instructors, you may tend to do not as well with the work you
already have. If this is the case for you, success will come with a traditional education setting.
Online vs. traditional education: the blended education model
At this point, you might be thinking there are pros and cons to both online and traditional
education. Or perhaps both sound like a great option for you as a student. If so, a 2012 article
from Inside Higher Education also agrees with you.
The article states that students who were part of a blended education model performed better
than those who were exclusively one or the other. In fact, Rasmussen College found that its
14,000-plus students faired similarly.
So what is a blended education model?
Blended education combines the intimacy and face-to-face interaction of a physical classroom
with the flexibility and convenience of an online one.
Schools like the blended model because it provides students with cutting-edge artificially
intelligent tutoring software while allowing instructors flexibility in planning their syllabuses, the
article states. Students appreciate the blended model because it offers a reprieve from dusty
textbooks and mundane human lectures.

Its clear there are many options for earning your degree. The new trend in blended education in
schools across the country might just be coming to a college near you.
The decision is yours
At the end of the day, its your decision on how to earn your college degree. Hopefully these
side-by-side comparisons gave you a better outlook at the college degree plan that is right for
you.
Before you dive into a degree, be sure to research whether online or traditional education is the
best fit for you. If they both sound like a winning formula, Rasmussen College offers a blended
model that might be perfect.

ENVIRONTMENT
GREEN HOUSE (ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE)
Greenhouse farming is gaining popularity in the modern world, because of the advantages it
offers over conventional type of farming. In this essay, we will discuss the Advantages and
Disadvantages of Greenhouse Farming, which are paramount especially for people, organizations
or governments intending to venture into the practice.
Since greenhouse farming allows you to create a microenvironment where you control the
temperature and humidity, one does not rely on natural climatic seasons. You can therefore use
greenhouse to prolong your growing season when other people are waiting for the next season.
As a result, it helps one to plant early and in cases of late harvesting. Since you can regulate
climate and soil, greenhouse farming highly favors growth of different types of fruits. While this
is the case, you might have to invest more in maintaining greenhouses during off-season to attain
and maintain standard conditions.

Secondly, greenhouse farming is vital in control crop pests and diseases. However, in structures
where breezes are allowed in crops under this type of farming could be affected by airborne
diseases. In cases where one wants to grow unique vegetables grown in other regions, there is
always to precisely regulate the growing conditions.
The technology behind Greenhouse structures further gives this technology an edge over other
farming systems. For example, you may choose to use glass, when you need a long-standing
structure. However, polythene materials are commonly used because they are light when moving
from one location to another. In-ground gardening can also work where the situation does not
favor construction of a structure. Importantly, you can make a greenhouse structure to be part of
your residence. This means you never leave your home to go on the farming.
When it comes to location, greenhouses are cannot be adjusted once you built them. On the other
hand, outdoor can be altered and adjusted as the existing needs. Greenhouse farming is therefore
preferred in cases where there is restrictive farming, or where the place requires too much
preparation due to the presence of rocks or absence of soil.
One of the greatest disadvantages of greenhouse farming is maintenance. Greenhouse structures
require more resources to maintain compared to in-ground gardens. For example, you need to
protect greenhouses from low temperatures and strong winds through insulation. Even though inground gardens demand high control of pests and weeds, this can be carried out through
mechanical methods. On the contrary, greenhouse farming employs hand weeding and
prevention approaches. Additionally, greenhouses can build up temperatures easily since the
environment is confined. While this is the case, they are highly resistant to drought as compared
to in-ground gardens. Another demerit is the initial cost of putting up a greenhouse. This is too
much compared to establishing a garden on the ground for farming.
Moreover, greenhouse farming requires professional knowledge and skills in regulating the
environment. In the event the farmer does not have the required skills, this could result into an
extra cost through hiring qualified personnel. Nonetheless, greenhouse farming is the best option
in areas that have harsh climatic conditions, which do not favor normal in-ground farming.

RECYCLING HABBIT AMONG CITIZEN (BENEFITS)

All processes produce waste from manufacturing to the finished product. Waste is any solid or
liquid material that is rejected whether used or unused. In order to prevent accumulation of waste
which can be harmful the concept of recycling is put to use.
Recycling of waste is the making of new products from materials that have previously served
their use or are not required. These materials are put into new use which otherwise could have
been thrown away. Recycling can also be seen as an environment friendly way of disposing off
these materials from our environments. Large populations of people today are realizing the
benefits of recycling globally with many still unaware of the importance of doing so. Recycling
benefits the people and their environments in several ways which include the following:
It conserves the natural resources as it reduces the need for raw materials by Industries. Natural
resources provide our industries with raw materials for their industrial processes like Paper
factories which use timber from trees. A lot of paper which is the finished product of these
factories end-up as waste after being used in offices and schools. These can be collected and
recycled to produce new products by the same factories. Many paper industries today are
recycling paper waste to make toilet papers and paper bags which are most commonly used
around the world.
Recycling also protects the environments that we live in by preventing pollution. It is common in
many third world nations to find litter which comprises plastic bags and paper which cannot
decompose thus maintaining their state for years on the soil. This makes the environment
unpleasant to be in or even look at. Discharge of raw sewage into our environments also worsens
the situation by contaminating it. In order to ensure that our environment is protected, we should
embrace the concept of personal responsibility by ensuring we re-use and reduce all nonbiodegradable materials.
Recycling protects our health in several ways. The materials that we do not need and wrongfully
dispose of may find their way back in our households in different ways. Raw and untreated
sewage emanating from industries and hotels if discharged into water bodies becomes hazardous
for living organisms. Contaminated water if used for farming and cooking by communities

results into waterborne diseases like pneumonia and typhoid which is common in places where
water is polluted. Plastic bags also disposed openly on the environment become breeding
grounds for mosquitoes. When it rains plastic bags trap water that serves as habitat for mosquito
larvae which can result to malaria outbreak.
Conclusion
Recycling plays an important role in modern economies that are characterized by increasing
industrialization which creates pressure for limited natural resources by ensuring waste is re-used
and reduced.
TUTIONS ARE NECESSARY FOR SUCCESS
I personally feel that tutions outside homes are a necessity for success in our modern and fast
moving world. Tuition was not necessary in the past as education was not so emphasized. But
nowadays, many students prefer to go tuition because they believe it can help them achieve
success in examination .Bill Cosby said that In order to succeed, your desire for success should
be greater than your fear of failure. In each class,20%of student are brilliant and pass with
flying colours.60% are those who are average and just manage to pass by with the lowest pass
mark. Again, there are 20% other students who are weak in studies. Such students can be of two
types-either they work very hard and then fail in the final exam or they just want to bunk the
classes and enjoy.
Therefore Tutions are necessary for the last two types of categories- that makes 80% of
students in a class. Tutors in private tuition are less strict. Thus, they are more acceptable. Timid
students cannot ask questions to their teachers because they are scared. They are afraid if they
will be scolded in front of the whole class.
In schools, they have only a certain period of time for one subject so average students do
not understand what is taught in that short time properly. Also, teachers are hurrying up with the
portions so that the get more time for revision .This causes difficulties when examination is near.
Avoiding asking teachers can really affect their grades. Such students feel more confident in

tuition classes as in tutions students are given individual attention and explain elaborately on
each topic.
Tutors are generally more patient and allow students to take their time. Tuitions help
working moms, so that if they missed to spend time with their kids on any particular day on their
home work or some other school activities, it would be covered by the tution. Such children need
a guide beside them to show them the right way of studying and could get explained by a good
tutor .In a tution class a student learn to manage time properly and they get well prepared for the
final exams because while writing the final exams we have limited time for writing and we have
to finish it up within in time. Also, tutors also give a variety of questions regarding each subject,
so they can get exposed to much more than what they teach at school .
Thus, in tution classes the tutors prepare the students to cope up with time and manage
writing exams with confidence. Sometimes students are unable to concentrate during lessons for
various reasons, such as distractions, not feeling well or explanation gaps. Therefore, students
miss key points taught during lessons. Under such circumstances, private tutors can re-explain
the topics learnt, reiterate key points, abstract concept and help to solve problems that students
face. Students can be lazy at times. They may lose their motivation to work hard. The temptation
for students to play is strong, particularly playing and surfing internet, spending time watching
TV, sending messages and chatting with friends over the phone.
Allocating times for private tuition reduces their time spent in unhealthy pursuits.
Tuitions would help in having a certain amount of time dedicated for study. Private tutors also
help to motivate the students to study hard. A private tutor can keep the students on the right
track when they stray off course. Private tutors can assign homework to them, so that they can
spend their time in a more meaningful way.
A private tutor can thus act as a role of disciplinarian. Thus, I feel that tutions are
becoming necessary in todays modern world.The thing to ensure is finding a good tuition
teacher who has the ability to supervise on how the kid is doing and help the child with all he/she
finds difficult. He must also ensure that the kid is not overloaded with more work from tuitions
too.

TEACHERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR STUDENTS SUCCESS

So we take seriously the quality of teachers. BTS's training plan will be initiated today is an
initiative of the Ministry of Education to ensure that teachers have the knowledge and skills
required by the profession. This plan is a framework or a framework to ensure that teachers
follow guidelines to become a professional teacher as well as with other professions, always
adopting lifelong learning and continuous professional development to equip themselves with
current developments.
BTS is a relaxation of standards for the education landscape in Brunei Darussalam which will
hopefully improve the quality or level (standard) teaching teachers in the country.
BTS will use the latest design and work to improve the expectations tatapengajaran more give
their views and challenging for students. Software and methods which will be more
comprehensive and solid under command to change the way teachers teach and at the same time
allows the students to learn in a more orderly manner.
BTS sets' Professional Knowledge and Skills Teacher 'and the' Involvement Professional or
Professional Engagement as its central core.
Through Professional Knowledge and Skills, teachers are required to engage students in learning
intellectually challenging to find out the level of knowledge, abilities and skills. Learning
founded on a regular basis, learning to adjust to the needs of students with learning difficulties
they will find out and evaluate effectively.
Through the involvement of professionals, teachers are required to use the best practices that can
concemed impact on student learning. Teachers are required to show this profession has a high
quality or standard.
The introduction of this BTS is one of the special effort that coincides towards strengthening
efforts in improving the quality of teachers that we mentioned earlier.
The Ministry of Education has been working for the preparation of this standard reference to
international best practices. Its preparation has also gone through the review process initiated for
the purpose of streamlining and aligning them in the context of the country
Demikianlah kita mengambil serius akan kualiti guru. Rancangan BTS yang latihannya akan
dimulakan hari ini adalah satu daripada inisiatif Kementerian Pendidikan dalam memastikan
guru-guru mempunyai tahap pengetahuan dan kemahiran yang diperlukan oleh profesion ini.
Rancangan ini adalah merupakan satu kerangka atau framework untuk memastikan bahawa guru-

guru mengikuti garis pandu untuk menjadi seorang guru profesional sebagaimana juga dengan
profesion lain, yang sentiasa mengamalkan pendidikan sepanjang hayat dan continous
professional development untuk sentiasa melengkapkan diri mereka dengan perkembangan
semasa.
BTS ini merupakan mercu piawaian bagi landskap pendidikan di Negara Brunei Darussalam
yang diharap akan dapat mempertingkatkan mutu atau tahap (standard) pengajaran guru-guru di
negara ini.
BTS akan menggunakan bentuk terkini dan berupaya meningkatkan jangkaan tatapengajaran
yang lebih memberikan pandangan tinggi dan mencabar kepada para pelajar. Perisian dan kaedah
yang lebih komprehensif dan padat akan setentunya mengubah cara guru mengajar dan dalam
waktu yang sama membolehkan para pelajar belajar dengan cara yang lebih teratur.
BTS ini menggariskan 'Pengetahuan Profesional dan Kemahiran Guru' dan aspek 'Penglibatan
Profesional' atau Professional Engagement sebagai teras utamanya.
Menerusi Pengetahuan Profesional dan Kemahiran, guru-guru dikehendaki untuk melibatkan
pelajar dalam pembelajaran intelektual yang mencabar dengan mengetahui tahap pengetahuan,
kebolehan dan kecekapan pelajar. Mengasaskan pembelajaran atas kaedah yang teratur,
menyesuaikan pembelajaran dengan kehendak pelajar dengan mengetahui akan masalah
pembelajaran mereka serta membuat penilaian dengan berkesan.
Menerusi penglibatan profesional pula, guru dikehendaki menggunakan amalan terbaik yang
boleh mernberi impak kepada pembelajaran pelajar. Guru dikehendaki menunjukkan profesion
ini mempunyai mutu atau standard yang tinggi.
Oleh yang demikian, pengenalan BTS ini merupakan salah satu usaha yang bertepatan khusus ke
arah mengukuhkan lagi usaha-usaha dalam meningkatkan kualiti guru yang kita sebutkan tadi.
Kementerian Pendidikan telah mengusahakan bagi penyediaan standard ini merujuk kepada
amalan-amalan terbaik antarabangsa. Penyediaannya juga telah melalui proses pengkajian rintis
bagi tujuan untuk memperkemas dan menyesuaikannya dalam konteks negara

FAST FOOD ADVERTISEMENT SHOULD BE BANNED ON MEDIA

Driving in any of our big cities you would hardly miss at least a dozen street food advertisements
displaying new menus and the latests inventions of the snack food industry. How many times
have you had your little children begging you to go to a fast food restaurant after spotting the
magic Meal Box on a street ad? Not to enjoy the meal as much but rather to unveil what
surprise game is hidden in the box, and perhaps along with some quality time in the
playground; for me, it has been countless times. But that is not all! Why we are bombarded with
cannot miss sandwich and pizza deals chasing us to our houses and even while reading the
newspaper or watching the television? The answer is quite simple. We are obviously being
conditioned to look at food as an entertainment.
This subject should be looked at from the context of the increasing weight problem and
associated co-morbidities in the last few decades. Globally, there has been a big change in
disease burden as non-communicable diseases have become the main cause of death, where
imbalances of nutrition, diet and physical activity play a major role. 1 Locally, surveys in a
number of different areas and provinces have reported a high prevalence of overweight and
obesity in Saudi children in all age groups and in all provinces. 2 A recent study indicates that
overall country prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi children is 23.1% and 9.3%,
respectively.3 The picture is gloomier when you look at the children living in urbanized regions
where obesity can reach up to 23.3%,4 which coincides with major changes in lifestyle-related
factors such as unhealthy eating habits, including the wide availability of high-energy food
snacks, and a lack of physical activity. Indeed, a large percentage (i.e. about 50-60%) of children
and adolescents do not adequately exercise,5 which adds to the problem of overeating and weight
gain. For Saudi adults, it has been estimated that 27.23% of males and 25.20% of females are
overweight, while 13.05% and 20.26% males and females, respectively, are obese.6
It is widely accepted that exposure to food advertisements promotes over-consumption in
younger children and obese and overweight children are indeed more responsive to food
promotion, which specifically stimulates the intake of energy-dense snacks. Halford and coworkers have compared the eating habits of obese to non-obese children and they found that
obese children consume significantly more fast foods than the non-obese children. 7,8 These
findings among others have led to the development of seven principles known as The Sydney
Principles by an International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) Working Group to guide action on
changing food and beverage marketing practices that target children.9 The Principles state that
actions to reduce marketing to children should support the rights of children, afford substantial
protection to children, be statutory in nature, take a wide definition of commercial promotions,
guarantee commercial-free childhood settings, include cross-border media, and be evaluated,
monitored and enforced.
The National Institute of Health (NIH) conducted a large study to directly tie childhood obesity
to fast-food advertising on American television, based on the viewing habits of 13 000 children
between 1979 and 1997. The study concluded that a ban on fast-food advertising to children
would cut the US obesity rate by as much as 18%. 10 This was perceived a long time ago in the
Scandinavian countries where Sweden and Norway instituted bans on all ads to children in the

early 1990s. Similarly, Quebec has also banned food advertising to children during programs
geared toward kids. Also, the Children's Food Act 2004 of United Kingdom makes a provision
regarding the marketing and sale of food and drink to children. Unfortunately, studies evaluating
the effect of fast-food advertisements on weight gain among Saudis are lacking. Therefore, an
exploration of a possible association is highly needed.
Perhaps behavioral modification with respect to food intake will be effective in the treatment of
obesity, especially in Saudi Arabia. Controlling exposure to food advertisements should have a
positive impact on the way we all perceive food. This, along with reasonable physical activity
should be encouraged as a strategy directed towards weight reduction and obesity and related
diseases in the Kingdom. And the question to ban or not to ban the food advertisements in our
country remains to be answered.

Ee-cigarette should be banned in mas

Firstly, according to authoritative reports on e-cigarette, its safety and efficacy in cessation have
not been established. The official report by the World Health Organisation clearly states ecigarettes are not free from toxicants and they have been approved as safe for use.
Their efficacy as a smoking cessation device has not been systematically evaluated yet. The
evidence on the effectiveness of e-cigarettes as smoking cessation is limited.
Secondly, in recent times more research on risks of using e-cigarettes have emerged:
- E-cigarette vapour can contain cancer-causing formaldehyde at levels up to 15 times higher
than regular cigarettes. The finding was published this year in New England Journal of Medicine.

Department of Environmental Health Sciences at Johns Hopkins University: E-cigarette

vapour alone produced mild effects on the lungs, including inflammation and protein
damage.

American Lung Association: Early studies show that e-cigarettes contain nicotine and
other harmful chemicals, including carcinogens. A 2014 study found that e-cigarettes
with a higher voltage level and have higher amounts of formaldehyde, a carcinogen.

E-cigarettes make teenagers four times more likely to move on to real smoking, health
experts warn. The study was published in Jama Pediatrics.

According to the California Department of Health, the e-cigarette heats e-liquid that generally
contains nicotine, flavourings, additives, and propylene glycol. The heated e-liquid forms an

aerosol that is inhaled by the user. The aerosol has been found to contain toxic chemicals like
formaldehyde, lead, nickel, and acetaldehyde all of which are chemicals known to cause cancer,
birth defects, and other reproductive harm.
These chemicals travel through the circulatory system to the brain and all organs.
The aerosol also contains high concentrations of ultrafine particles that are inhaled and get
trapped in the lungs.
E-liquids are available in numerous candy and fruit flavours, including bubble gum, cherry and
chocolate, which are especially appealing to youth and small children who may accidently ingest
them.
Accidental ingestion
The vaping community has ignored the problem of accidental ingestion - even a small amount of
e-liquid may be lethal to a small child. E-cigarette cartridges can leak and are not equipped with
child-resistant caps, creating a potential source of poisoning.
The US Centers for Disease Control reports the number of calls to poison centers involving eliquids rose from one per month in 2010, to 215 per month in 2014. More than half of the calls to
poison centres about e-liquids involved young children under age five years.
Thirdly, vaping renormalises smoking. This has the potential to roll-back years of anti-smoking
campaign efforts of both the Health Ministry and health professionals to educate the public on
the dangers of smoking. Besides it will pose enforcement problems in public places that already
have no-smoking zones established.
Fourthly, the pharmaceutical industry that normally promotes a variety of smoking cessation
devices has not bought into e-cigarettes as a cessation device. Instead, transnational tobacco
companies have bought e-cigarettes business and are promoting and marketing them as a less
harmful. If e-cigarettes are indeed less harmful alternative, the tobacco companies should recall
their more harmful regular cigarettes and stop selling them.
Vaping is not harm-free. Vapers, who are not experts on e-cigarettes, have run away with
extoling its merits. The risks of vaping and e-cigarettes have been down-played and even
ignored.
Many countries have already banned the sale of e-cigarettes, namely Brunei, Thailand,
Cambodia, Singapore and Brazil. Japan and Australia have banned e-cigarettes with nicotine.
The decision for the Health Ministry is clear - e-cigarettes must be banned.