GGGE1153

KOMPUTER DALAM PENDIDIKAN

Students Perceptions and Experiences in using E-Learning and Mobile Learning

LECTURERS NAME:
DR. Mohd Khalid bin Mohamad Nasir

GROUP MEMBER:
NAME
Wan Aisyah Nadiah binti Wan Azman
Nurul Fatini binti Yusoff

1.0 Introduction

MATRIC NO.
A150833
A151005

In this century, the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has
brought major impacts especially in terms of education. Yaghoubi et. al (2008) stated that
through ICT, it is possible to create learner-centred, well-designed, efficient and flexible elearning environments. According to Gogos (2014), starting the early 2000 education, the
evolution of computer happened and drastically changed the learning landscape. If in the
past, e-learning was delivered by using computer-based method like CD-ROM, currently it is
widely delivered anywhere and at any time through the internet. These days since the
existence of internet, most important progresses in education have happened. Learners are
becoming familiar with the use of running online courses through smartphones. The use of
mobile learning as learning tool has made the process of learning becomes a lot easier.
There are many benefits of using e-learning in education. Algahtani (2011) claimed that
compare to traditional learning, the correct use of e-learning can achieve greater benefits.
Meanwhile, it is a fact that mobile learning is a new medium of learning by using mobile
phones. Indeed, mobile learning can promote new way of learning process which will give
positive impacts on learning outcomes.
1.1 Problem Statement
With the use of e-learning and mobile learning, they have managed to overcome the physical
distances between teachers and students, enabling the flexible delivery of education at a
distance anytime and anywhere. Even though e-learning and mobile learning has received
extensive attention all this while, not much research has been conducted to investigate the
perceptions and experiences in using e-learning and mobile learning. Tagoe (2012) conducted
a study on students perceptions on incorporating e-learning into teaching and learning at the
University of Ghana. He only touched on students perceptions on integrating e-learning into
teaching and learning. Apart from Tagoes study, Yaghoubi et. al (2008) also did a research on
e-learning entitled virtual students perceptions of e-learning in Iran. The study only focussed
on virtual students perceptions.
For the mobile learning research, a research on students attitudes and perceptions towards
the effectiveness of mobile learning in King Saud University, Saudi Arabia by Al-Fahad
(2009) had been conducted to investigate students perceptions towards the effectiveness of
mobile learning. This study only focused on the students perceptions. On the other hand,

there is also a study on perceptions and experiences of mobile learning conducted by Kim
et.al (2013). Although this study investigated on both aspects which are perceptions and
experiences of students, but it only focused on mobile learning and not on both, which are
mobile learning and e-learning. Thus, this study intends to investigate on both aspects.

1.2 Objectives
The objective of this study is to investigate students perceptions towards e-learning and
mobile learning. Besides, this study also intends to find out students experiences in using elearning and mobile learning.

1.3 Research Questions

1. What are students perceptions in using e-learning and mobile learning?
2. What are students experiences in using e-learning and mobile learning?
1.4 Significance of the Study
It is hoped that this study will help the instructors to improve learning process by
investigating students perceptions and experiences in using e-learning and mobile learning.
Since not many studies focused on these two aspects, that is why this study will be focused
on different areas so that it will gain interest from other researchers to study on e-learning or
mobile learning.
1.5 Limitations of Study
This study focused on all possible universities in Malaysia. Thus, the sample of this study
included students from various universities which were selected randomly. Students
perceptions and experiences of using e-learning and mobile learning were the main focus of
this study.

1.6 Definition of terms

1.6.1 E-learning

According to Lee et.al (2009), e-learning can be defined as web-based learning which
includes the interaction through web and multimedia , the process of knowledge transfer and
also a practice to improve learners learning. It is user friendly since it can be used freely by
everyone without having to worry of the time or place when using.
1.6.2 Mobile learning
Haag (2011) defined mobile learning as the use of handheld computing
devices to provide access to learning content and information resources.
Mobile learning is an effective tool for learning or enhancing the teaching-learning
process, because it increases access. Moreover, it can be connected anywhere, anytime.
Similar to e-learning, mobile technologies can also be interfaced with many other media like
audio, video, the Internet, and so forth.
2.1 Literature Review
2.2 General Studies
In recent years, many researchers have begun to investigate students perceptions and
experiences in using e-learning and mobile learning. Al-Fahad (2009) conducted a
study on students attitudes and perceptions towards the effectiveness of
mobile learning in King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. The result showed
that majority of participants agreed that wireless networks help to increase the flexibility of
access to resources in learning. Kim et.al (2013) did a study on students perceptions and
experiences of mobile learning. The result showed that mobile technologies have the
potential to provide new learning experiences as the participants are
willing to adopt new technologies into their own lives. In other words, the
participants have positive perceptions towards mobile learning.
In terms of researches involving e-learning, a study was conducted by Yaghoubi (2008) on
virtual students perceptions of e-learning in Iran. Results showed that participants had
positive perceptions to e-learning. Apart from that, Tagoe (2012) did a research on students
perceptions on incorporating e-learning into teaching and learning at the University of Ghana.
The results indicated that even though the participants had agreed that e-learning will

enhance teaching and learning, there is one problem that occurred in relation to access to
computers; unreliable internet connectivity.
2.3 Local Studies
Some local studies had been conducted which related to mobile learning and e-learning. A
study entitled User Acceptance on Mobile Apps as an Effective Medium to Learn
Kadazandusun Language had been conducted by Naincie Pindeh, Norbayah Mohd Suki and
Norazah Mohd Suki (2016).the respondents of this study were 200 University Malaysia
Sabah students and 100 University College Sabah Foundation students. From the result, it
was revealed that the users acceptance of using mobile apps in learning Kadazandusun
Language was influenced by the usefulness and how easy the apps are to use.
Another research made by Zazaleena Zakariah, et. al (2012) was focused on students
awareness on e-learning. The respondents include 120 students from Universiti Teknologi
MARA Pahang (UiTM). From the result, it was revealed that students are interested towards
technology as long as it provides similar learning environment as traditional learning which
then enables them to experience new way of learning.
On the other hand, a study conducted by Salwah Che Mat & Siti Mistima (2015) entitled the
acceptance of e-learning environment amongst engineering technology students had been
conducted to investigate students acceptance of e-learning environment and their perceptions
on the challenges of e learning environment. Based on the result, most of the students which
is 58 % out of 80 respondents had experience and access to e learning.

3.0 Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design

This research was conducted by using a quantitative research design.
Quantitative survey based on Tagoe (2012) and Rossing et. al (2012) were
used to investigate students perceptions and experiences of e-learning
and mobile learning.
3.2 Research Sample
Simple random sampling was used in this research. A number of 100
students from different courses, race, age and universities all over
Malaysia were selected.
3.3 Research Instrument
Survey questionnaires, adapted from Tagoe (2012) and Rossing et. al
(2012) were employed in this study. The questionnaires consisted of three
sections. Some questions that were taken from Tagoe (2012) and Rossing
et. al (2012) were adjusted according to the universities students level.
Section A consisted of participants demographic data. In this section,
information like age, race, courses and university were asked. Section B
consisted of questions concerning the use of mobile devices and the
mobile learning. Multiple choice answers, short answers and Likert scale
(where 5 strongly disagree, 4 disagree, 3 neutral, 2 agree, and 1 strongly
agree) were used to determine the questions given. Meanwhile, section C
consisted of questions regarding the use of personal computer or laptop
and the e-learning. Multiple choice answers and Likert scale (where 5
strongly disagree, 4 disagree, 3 neutral, 2 agree, and 1 strongly agree)
were used to determine the questions given.
3.4 Research Procedure
Adopting and adapting the survey questionnaires was the first step taken.
At first, several survey questionnaires were collected and analysed. After
deciding which survey questionnaires were suitable to be used, they were
gathered and organized accordingly. Some of the questions were adapted

to make sure that they suited the research need and the level of the
participants. Once a set of survey questionnaires was produced, Google
Forms was used as the platform for students to answer the questionnaires.
The link of the Google Forms was spread to participants all over Malaysia,
with the help of some gatekeepers. When the number of participants
reached 100, their data were gathered and analysed.
3.5 Data Analysis
By using descriptive and inferential statistics, the data obtained were
analysed. The data analysis utilised was the Statistical Package Social
Science (SPSS). Then, charts were used to arrange the data.

4.0 Findings
4.1 Section A
In section A, demographic data like respondents age, gender, faculty and university is
gathered.

Respondents' Age
18-20

21-23

2%

24-26

18%

80%

Most of the respondents are in the age of 21 to 23. 18 per cent of the respondents are in the
age of 24 to 26. Meanwhile, only 2 per cent are in the age of 18 to 20.

Gender
male

female

15%

85%

85 per cent of the respondents are female while the other 15 per cent are male respondents.

Faculty
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

From the bar chart above, we can see that there are three faculties which most of the
respondents come from. 23 respondents come from social science and humanities faculty, 19
come from business faculty and the other 13 come from science and technology faculty.

University
27

13
10
7

5
2

5
1

5
2

27 respondents are from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 13 are from Universiti Teknologi
Mara and 10 are from Universiti Malaya. These are the top three universities which most of
the respondents come from.

4.2 Section B
Section B consists of questions regarding the usage of mobile learning among respondents.

What tablet/smartphone brand/model do you own?

4%

12%

5%

Asus
iPad
iPhone

42%
27%
10%

Lenovo
Samsung
Sony

From the result, the highest amount of smartphone brands own by students is Samsung which
is 42%. While the second highest is iPhone with the percentage of 27%, followed by Asus, 12
% and Lenovo, 10%. While the percentage of iPad is 5 % and the lowest percentage is 4%
which refers to Sony.

How do you use smartphone or tablet pc?

Download and listen to music

Browse the internet

Search for information

Send and receive e-mail

Use camera to take and share pictures

8%

6% 2%

10%
Shopping

7%
6%
Social Networking

YouTube

12%
12%

11%
12%
Download and view streaming movies/video clips

11%
5%
Access other e-learning tools

Maps

Download and read e-books/print-based content

Download and listen to podcasts/audio books

From the pie chart above, 12% of the students use smartphone to browse the internet and
search for information.

While the least of them with the percentage of 2% use the

smartphone to download and listen to podcasts/audio books.

Do you use the device for academic purposes?

3%

Yes
No
97%

From the result above, it shows that most of the students use the device for academic
purposes. Only 3% of them did not use the device for academic purposes.

Using mobile learning increases my learning productivity

17%

2%
30%

Disagree
Neutral
Agree

51%

Strongly Agree

From the data collected, most of the students around 51% agree that using mobile learning
increase their learning productivity. While there are 17% of them which strongly agree and
only 2 % of them are disagree. This is because according to them, using mobile learning can
increase their learning interest.

Using mobile learning will stimulate my curiosity

1% 6%
Disagree
34%
59%

Neutral
Agree
Strongly Agree

From the pie chart above, around 59% of the students agree with the statement that using
mobile learning will stimulate their curiosity. This is because by using mobile learning, it will
help them to explore something new. 34% of them are neutral while there are 6% of them
which disagree. Only 1% of the students strongly agree with the statement.

4.3 Section C
Section C consists of questions regarding the usage of e-learning among respondents.
Please indicate for how long have you been using the internet
Less than one year

One to four years

Five years and more

3%
33%
64%

For the question Please indicate for how long have you been using the internet, 64 per cent
or 64 respondents stated that they have been using the internet for five years and more. 33 per
cent of them have been using the internet for one to four years meanwhile only 3 per cent of
them use internet less than one year.
Please indicate how often you use the internet via laptop
Few times a week

Once a day

Several times a day

Rarely

2% 3% 10%

85%

For the next question which is please indicate how often you use the internet via laptop, 85
respondents said that they use the internet several times a day; on the other hand, only 2 per
cent agreed that they rarely use the internet via laptop. The respondents (students) always use
the laptop to gain access to the internet in order to accomplish tasks given by the lecturers.
For those who rarely use the internet via laptop, they might often use their smart phones for
the educational purposes.
E-Learning is more user-friendly than mobile learning
45
40
35
30
25
Number of participants

20
15
10
5
0
Strongly disagree

Neutral

Strongly agree

Scale

We gave the respondents a statement of e-learning is more user-friendly than mobile

learning. Nearly half of the respondents agreed that e-learning is more user-friendly
compared to mobile learning. 17 respondents strongly agreed that e-learning is more userfriendly meanwhile only 2 respondents strongly disagree with the statement. Through this
result, it shows that the respondents are already familiar with both e-learning and mobile
learning. Thus, they are able to make comparison in term of how friendly the systems are.

Compare to mobile learning, using E-learning system enables me to accomplish tasks more quickly
50
45
40
35
30
Number of respondents 25
20
15
10
5
0
Strongly disagree

Neutral

Strongly agree

Scale

For the next statement, we asked them compare to mobile learning, using E-learning system
enables me to accomplish tasks quickly. 45 respondents stated that they agree that e-learning
helps them in accomplishing their tasks more quickly compared to mobile learning. This
might be true because if the respondents use mobile learning, they might be distracted by the
other applications available in the smart phones like whatsapp, instagram and wechat
whenever they want to complete their tasks. Using mobile learning might also take a lot of
time as the respondents need to seek for information, for instance through just a small screen.
Compare to mobile learning, using E-Learning makes it easier to do my tasks

Number of respondents

50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Strongly disagree

Neutral
Scale

Strongly agree

The last statement that we asked was, compare to mobile learning, using e-learning makes it
easier to do my tasks. Nearly half the respondents agree that e-learning makes it easier for
them to do their tasks. This is because when they access for e-learning, they can open up to as
many tabs as they want at one time. They can look for information from different websites at
the same time and this will save their time.

Which one do you prefer the most?

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
E-Learning

Mobile Learning

More than half of the respondents prefer e-learning more than mobile learning. This might be
because they acknowledge that even though e-learning and mobile learning have their own
strengths, using e-learning system bring more advantages to the respondents as it saves their
time, helps them accomplishing their tasks more quickly and more user-friendly.

5.0 Discussion
After looking at the result, most of the respondents involved are females
and mostly are between the age of 21-23. This showed that young
generation today are exposed to ICT especially in terms of e-learning and
mobile learning. When comparing between e-learning and mobile learning,
most of them agree that by using e-learning, they can accomplish their
tasks given more quickly. This is because if they use mobile learning, they
will get distracted by other applications on their smartphones.

6.0 Conclusion
From the study conducted, it is clearly revealed that most of the students
have experiences in using e-learning and mobile learning. Some of them
agree that mobile learning is better, but mostly said that they prefer elearning more. This is because e-learning is much easier and comfortable
to use since they can easily search for information via laptop. It can save
their time and also easy to handle. To conclude, both e-learning and
mobile learning are indeed beneficial for students. They have their own
benefits, and it is up to the people to use it wisely or not.

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