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FREKVENTNI PRETVARAI
ZA POGON ASINHRONIH
MOTORA
Dr. arko Janda, dipl. ing., nauni saradnik
Elektrotehniki institut Nikola Tesla
www.ieent.org, janda@ieent.org
ta su srednjenaponski frekventni
pretvarai?
Primarna karakteristika
M1
Sekundarna karakteristika
M2
punjenje 80%
Mnom
Mnom
2
70%
60%
Mnom
50%
40%
n1 %
100
n1 %
100
S
klizanje
14
15
18
21
Nain rada multi power cell topologije se moe objasniti korienjem slike 13
na kojoj je prikazan sluaj kada je u invertoru sa 18 modula dolo do kvara na
tri modula u fazi A.
Sl. 13: Pomeraj neultralne take u sluaju ispada tri elije invertora
22
23
27
ta je Matrix Converter ? - 2
Medium Voltage Matrix Converter FSDrive-MX1S
Medium Voltage Matrix Converter FSDrive-MX1S
Transformer
MV
Source
Matrix
Converter
Cells
MV
IM
Controller
Dynamic operation
Dynamic operation
Deceleration
Voltage
Speed
Acceleration
28
ta je Matrix Converter ? - 3
Matrix converter omoguava dobijanje proizvoljnog AC napona / frekvencije direktno iz napojne trofazne AC mree. Smatra se da je
Matrix converter omoguava dobijanje proizvoljnog AC napona / frekvencije direktno iz napojne trofazne AC mree. Smatra se da je
Next generation motor drive technology zbog svojih izvrsnih karakteristika.
Next generation motor drive technology zbog svojih izvrsnih karakteristika.
AC-AC direktna konverzija bez jednosmernog meukola (potporni kondenzatori u jednosemrnom kolu pretvaraa) omoguuje utedu
AC-AC direktna konverzija bez jednosmernog meukola (potporni kondenzatori u jednosemrnom kolu pretvaraa) omoguuje utedu
energije (mali gubici zbog prekidanja), dug ivotni vek pretvaraa i utedu u prostoru na mestu instalacije. Motorni i regenerativni
energije (mali gubici zbog prekidanja), dug ivotni vek pretvaraa i utedu u prostoru na mestu instalacije. Motorni i regenerativni
reim rada izmeu napojne mree i motora se moe jednostavno regulisati ukljuivanjem i iskljuivanjem bidirekcionih
reim rada izmeu napojne mree i motora se moe jednostavno regulisati ukljuivanjem i iskljuivanjem bidirekcionih
poluprovodnikih prekidaa prema odgovarajuoj kontroli Impulsno irinsko Modulacijom (Pulse Width Modulation - PWM). Metodi
poluprovodnikih prekidaa prema odgovarajuoj kontroli Impulsno irinsko Modulacijom (Pulse Width Modulation - PWM). Metodi
PWM modulacije za ovu namenu - Venturini i Laslo Huber.
PWM modulacije za ovu namenu - Venturini i Laslo Huber.
Detail of bidirectional switch
No smoothing capacitor in main circuit
Matrix Converter (Single phase)
S2
AC Filter
Input
S1
S3
Output
Bidirectional
semiconductor
switching device
Power
Source
S4
Motor
MotorLoad
Load
MotorLoad
S5
S6
Motoring
Motor
MotorLoad
Load
MotorLoad
Power Source
Power Source
Regeneration
29
etvorokvadrantni rad
- etvorokvadrantni rad
- etvorokvadrantni rad
-Paralelna povratna veza do reference brzine (Dobre mogunosti sleenja brzine)
-Paralelna povratna veza do reference brzine (Dobre mogunosti sleenja brzine)
- Linearni (gladak) prelaz iz motornog reima rada u regeneraciju.
- Linearni (gladak) prelaz iz motornog reima rada u regeneraciju.
10 sec.
Reverse 100%
operation
1) Speed
reference
Normal 100% operation
2) Speed F.B.
3) Torque
reference
Regenerating
4) Power
Motoring
Regenerating
Motoring
Motoring
5) Input
current
6) Motor
current
7) Output
voltage
31
Existing equipment:
Thyristor inverter
1) Uteda prostora
Ulazni i izlazni transformatori nisu potrebni.
Direktan ulaz i izlaz srednjeg napona je mogu
upotrebom MV matrix converter-a.
Instalacioni prstor upola manji.
Input
transformer
unnecessary
*** kVA
Input transformer
MV MXC
Thyristor
INV (Low voltage)
*** kVA
*** kVA
Output transformer
*** kW /4P 6.6kV
Output
transformer
unnecessary
IM
*** kW / 6.6KV 4P
32
Yaskawa
35
36
Va0 = 0
Va0 = Vdc/2
Va0 = Vdc
64
a)
b)
65
Referentna
brzina trake
nmer
TG
Tref 1
nzad
GRB
nref
Tref
REG
FR
LIM
PB
PLC U/I
Tref 2
nmer
TG
T
Tref 1
nzad
GRB
nref
REG
Tref
FR
LIM
M
R
(Mitsubishi, Rockwell)
U S = u + u = ds 0 e
2
ds
2
qs
t
TR
1
2
+
TR2
d
=K
dt
7000
6000
napon [V]
5000
4000
3000
2000
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
vreme [ms]
ugao [deg]
1530
1440
1350
1260
1170
1080
990
900
810
720
630
540
450
360
270
180
90
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
vreme [ms]
Promena faznog ugla napona motornih sabirnica 6 kV pri gaenju polja motora
TENT A
Introduction
Motivation: better boiler power control in thermal power
plant, in case of variation of coal quality and heat of
combustion value
Goal: coal mill capacity increase up to 110% without mill
drum reconstruction or diametar increase or other
mechanical intervention
Focus: coal mill speed variation, mill speed increase up
to 110%
Method: the use of MV inverter to supply the existing
motor in order to get variable speed drive
Introduction
Questions:
1) is it possible to operate the MV induction motor
driving coal mill in field weakning region?
2) what we can get?
3) what is the price and complexity?
MV DRIVE ANALYSIS
MV DRIVE ANALYSIS
MV DRIVE ANALYSIS
The double cage induction motor has torque-speed
curve different than it is usually shown in text books.
To estimate the torque-speed curve in whole speed
range is rather complex task in this case.
Fortunately, we are interested only in the low slip part of
the torque-speed curve, beyond the maximal motor
torque.
So we use the simple induction motor equivalent circuit,
fitted to measurable low slip motor operating points and
to available no load motor data.
400
200
0
-200
-400
-600
-800
-1000
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
time [s]
sc
1
=
= 0.362 pu
2 Tmax
Tn =
Rr r , n
sc r , n + Rr
2
power [kW]
500
475
450
425
400
375
350
325
300
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
time [sec]
Motor power versus time while mill has been taking load after start up
64
62
60
58
56
54
52
50
48
0
10
time [min]
Motor current versus time while mill has been taking load after start
3 Rs I 2
P1 = Pin Po
1000
3 0.3 642
= 500kW 37.8kW
1000
= 458.5kW
(remember, the rated motor power is 800 kW so the
motor is underloaded)
P1 p
T1 =
= 8757Nm
s
or 0.412 pu.
By grinding mill speed increase of 10% the
corresponding mill torque is increased for 21%. So, the
target mill torque is:
T2 = 1.21 T1 = 10596 Nm
or 0.499 pu.
CONCLUSIONS
It is possible to increase slightly the coal mill capacity in
thermal power plant by increasing the mill speed.
The proposed capacity increase is based on application
of MV frequency converter that operates in the field
weakening regime (range of 50-55Hz) in order to obtain
5-10% increase of boiler power.
Additional benefits are reduced mechanical stress during
start up and the additional possibility of mill slow running
for inspection purposes.
The MV solution is cheaper than LV solution in study
case
NASLOV
PRIMER PRORAUNA
UTEDE ENERGIJE:
PUMPE ZA CIRKULACIJU
KONDENZATA
OSNOVNI PODACI
PODACI
TENT A, BLOK 6:
TRI PUMPE,
SNAGE MOTORA 630 kW
POTISKUJU KONDENZAT
IZ KONDENZATORA
U NAPOJNI REZERVOAR
TIP PUMPI:
SULZER HPCV RE 1 et. 43 + 6 et. 40 20
REGULACIONI ZATVARA:
6RM14
KARAKTERISTIKE
KARAKTERISTIKE
PUMPA :
Qn = 140 l/s
Hn = 328 m
MOTOR :
Un = 6 kV
Pn = 630 kW
em = 0,92
RADNE TAKE ZA
PRORAUN
Radna
1 taka
2
3
4
5
Q (l/s)
140
110
110
110
90
Q
RADNE TAKE
Radna taka 1
Radna taka 2
Radna taka 3
Radna taka 4
Radna taka 5
:
:
:
:
:
H (m)
328
352
328
270
300
QH KRIVA PUMPE
QH KRIVA
PRORAUN SNAGE
gHQ
P =
PM EM FR
PRORAUN
g
H
Q
=
=
=
=
GUSTINA MEDIJA
9,81 m/s2
NAPOR PUMPE (PRITISAK)
PROTOK
REZULTAT
REZULTAT
ZAKLJUAK
ZAKLJUAK
ZAKLJUAK
ZAKLJUAK
TANIJA REGULACIJA
BRI ODZIV
NOVE MOGUNOSTI (INTERESANTNE ZA
PRELAZNE REIME RADA)
SISTEM JE DALEKO FLEKSIBILNIJI