Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Released at 8:30 a.m. Eastern time in The Daily, Tuesday, December 20, 2016
In October,575,200people received regular Employment Insurance (EI) benefits, little changed (+2,700or +0.5%)
from the previous month.
The number of EI beneficiaries increased in five provinces, notably Saskatchewan (+6.0%), Alberta (+3.0%) and
British Columbia (+2.1%), but also Newfoundland and Labrador (+1.9%) and Nova Scotia (+1.9%). On the other
hand, the number of beneficiaries declined by1.8% in Quebec.
Compared with12months earlier, the number of beneficiaries in Canada was up31,400(+5.8%).
In general, changes in the number of regular EI beneficiaries reflect various situations, including people becoming
beneficiaries, going back to work, or no longer receiving regular benefits. In addition, part of the year-over-year
increase could be related to EI policy changes that came into effect in July2016. More information on the 2016EI
changes is available on the Employment and Social Development Canada website.
Chart 1
Regular Employment Insurance beneficiaries
number
650,000
600,000
550,000
500,000
450,000
Oct.
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Oct.
2016
In British Columbia, the number of EI beneficiaries rose by2.1% to56,100. Increases were observed in
AbbotsfordMission (+8.3%) and Kelowna (+6.7%), while there was little change in Vancouver and Victoria.
Compared with October2015, the number of beneficiaries in the province was up1.5%.
The number of EI beneficiaries in Newfoundland and Labrador increased1.9% to38,300in October. Most areas of
the province recorded increases, including St. John's, where the number of recipients was up2.5%. Compared
with12months earlier, the number of people receiving benefits in Newfoundland and Labrador was up14.9%.
Nova Scotia had more people receiving EI benefits in October, up1.9% to28,800. There were increases in Halifax
(+1.7%) and in other areas of the province.
On the other hand, the number of EI recipients in Quebec fell for the third consecutive month, down1.8%
to138,100in October. Decreases were generally observed throughout the province, with Montral recording a
decline of1.2%. In the12months to October, the number of EI beneficiaries in Quebec was down7.0%.
In Ontario, the number of EI beneficiaries decreased slightly, down0.9% to140,000. Most of this decline was in
Toronto (-1.3%). There were also decreases in Barrie (-4.1%) and KitchenerCambridgeWaterloo (-3.1%). The
province had4.5% fewer EI beneficiaries than in October2015.
Chart 2
Regular Employment Insurance beneficiaries by occupation, October2015to October2016
-10
-5
10
15
% change
Source(s):CANSIM table 276-0043.
In contrast, there were declines in the number of beneficiaries whose last job was in education, law and social,
community and government services (-7.6%), and little change was observed in manufacturing and utilities.
Chart 3
Employment Insurance claims
number
350,000
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
Oct.
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Oct.
2016
Note to readers
Concepts and methodology
Employment Insurance (EI) statistics are produced from administrative data sources provided by Service Canada and Employment and
Social Development Canada. These statistics may, from time to time, be affected by changes to the Employment Insurance Act or
administrative procedures. The most recent series of changes were introduced in July2016.
Regular Employment Insurance (EI) benefits are available to eligible individuals who lose their jobs and who are available for and able to
work, but cannot find a job. To receive EI benefits, individuals must first submit a claim. The number of claims provides an indication of
the number of people who could become beneficiaries.
There is always a certain proportion of unemployed people who do not qualify for benefits. Some unemployed people have not
contributed to the program because they have not worked in the past12months or their employment is not insured. Other unemployed
people have contributed to the program but do not meet the eligibility criteria, such as workers who left their job voluntarily or those who
did not accumulate enough hours of work to receive benefits.
All data in this release are seasonally adjusted. For more information on seasonal adjustment, see Seasonally adjusted data Frequently
asked questions.
Numbers in the Daily text are rounded to the nearest hundred.
The number of regular EI beneficiaries and the number of claims received for the current and previous month are subject to revision.
The number of beneficiaries is a measure of all people who received EI benefits from October9to15. This period coincides with the
reference week of the Labour Force Survey (LFS). However, initial and renewal claims data are for the entire month.
EI statistics indicate the number of people who received EI benefits, and should not be confused with LFS data, which provide information
on the total number of unemployed people.
Geographical definitions
A census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a
population centre. A CMA must have a total population of at least100,000. A CA must have a population of at least10,000. See Standard
Geographical Classification2011 Definitions for more information.
Next release
Data on Employment Insurance for November2016will be released on January18,2017.
Table 1
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by province and territory, sex and age
Seasonally adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
number
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
change
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
% change
Canada
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
543,820
54,610
361,770
127,440
572,510
56,090
376,140
140,280
575,240
56,610
376,590
142,030
2,730
520
450
1,750
31,420
2,000
14,820
14,590
0.5
0.9
0.1
1.2
5.8
3.7
4.1
11.4
Men
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
345,090
41,360
223,960
79,760
367,120
42,160
236,410
88,560
368,390
42,250
236,580
89,560
1,270
90
170
1,000
23,300
890
12,620
9,800
0.3
0.2
0.1
1.1
6.8
2.2
5.6
12.3
Women
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
198,730
13,250
137,800
47,670
205,390
13,930
139,740
51,720
206,850
14,350
140,020
52,480
1,460
420
280
760
8,120
1,100
2,220
4,810
0.7
3.0
0.2
1.5
4.1
8.3
1.6
10.1
33,280
3,130
19,700
10,450
20,690
12,590
37,530
3,400
22,100
12,030
23,430
14,110
38,250
3,520
22,560
12,160
24,030
14,220
720
120
460
130
600
110
4,970
390
2,860
1,710
3,340
1,630
1.9
3.5
2.1
1.1
2.6
0.8
14.9
12.5
14.5
16.4
16.1
12.9
7,490
870
4,410
2,210
4,570
2,910
7,720
940
4,410
2,370
4,720
3,000
7,780
1,010
4,450
2,330
4,700
3,080
60
70
40
-40
-20
80
290
140
40
120
130
170
0.8
7.4
0.9
-1.7
-0.4
2.7
3.9
16.1
0.9
5.4
2.8
5.8
Nova Scotia
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
28,200
2,850
17,940
7,410
18,250
9,950
28,240
2,920
17,660
7,650
18,410
9,830
28,770
3,080
17,890
7,800
18,810
9,960
530
160
230
150
400
130
570
230
-50
390
560
10
1.9
5.5
1.3
2.0
2.2
1.3
2.0
8.1
-0.3
5.3
3.1
0.1
New Brunswick
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
32,420
3,610
19,490
9,320
20,960
11,460
33,760
4,420
19,400
9,940
21,950
11,820
33,810
4,730
19,110
9,960
21,780
12,030
50
310
-290
20
-170
210
1,390
1,120
-380
640
820
570
0.1
7.0
-1.5
0.2
-0.8
1.8
4.3
31.0
-1.9
6.9
3.9
5.0
Quebec
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
148,470
14,350
97,080
37,050
95,150
53,320
140,720
13,300
90,890
36,520
90,870
49,850
138,130
13,060
89,130
35,940
88,430
49,700
-2,590
-240
-1,760
-580
-2,440
-150
-10,340
-1,290
-7,950
-1,110
-6,720
-3,620
-1.8
-1.8
-1.9
-1.6
-2.7
-0.3
-7.0
-9.0
-8.2
-3.0
-7.1
-6.8
Ontario
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
146,560
13,120
102,290
31,150
87,500
59,070
141,250
12,510
96,880
31,860
85,380
55,870
140,010
12,460
95,550
32,010
84,630
55,380
-1,240
-50
-1,330
150
-750
-490
-6,550
-660
-6,740
860
-2,870
-3,690
-0.9
-0.4
-1.4
0.5
-0.9
-0.9
-4.5
-5.0
-6.6
2.8
-3.3
-6.2
Table 1-continued
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by province and territory, sex and age
Seasonally adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
Manitoba
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
14,960
2,160
9,970
2,820
10,230
4,720
15,410
2,090
10,320
3,000
10,530
4,880
15,440
2,120
10,290
3,020
10,550
4,890
30
30
-30
20
20
10
480
-40
320
200
320
170
0.2
1.4
-0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
3.2
-1.9
3.2
7.1
3.1
3.6
Saskatchewan
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
15,210
2,130
10,040
3,040
10,790
4,420
19,960
2,420
13,360
4,180
14,190
5,780
21,150
2,500
13,950
4,700
15,160
5,990
1,190
80
590
520
970
210
5,940
370
3,910
1,660
4,370
1,570
6.0
3.3
4.4
12.4
6.8
3.6
39.1
17.4
38.9
54.6
40.5
35.5
Alberta
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
59,810
6,760
42,740
10,310
41,390
18,420
90,480
8,710
63,540
18,230
62,760
27,720
93,180
8,690
65,410
19,080
64,580
28,600
2,700
-20
1,870
850
1,820
880
33,370
1,930
22,670
8,770
23,190
10,180
3.0
-0.2
2.9
4.7
2.9
3.2
55.8
28.6
53.0
85.1
56.0
55.3
British Columbia
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
55,280
5,420
36,580
13,280
34,150
21,130
54,940
5,130
35,780
14,040
33,300
21,650
56,100
5,170
36,400
14,540
34,070
22,040
1,160
40
620
500
770
390
820
-250
-180
1,260
-80
910
2.1
0.8
1.7
3.6
2.3
1.8
1.5
-4.6
-0.5
9.5
-0.2
4.3
Yukon
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
730
90
490
160
470
260
710
70
450
190
470
240
740
90
470
180
480
260
30
20
20
-10
10
20
10
0
-20
20
10
0
4.2
28.6
4.4
-5.3
2.1
8.3
1.4
0.0
-4.1
12.5
2.1
0.0
Northwest Territories
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
770
70
550
140
530
230
860
90
630
140
580
280
830
80
610
150
540
290
-30
-10
-20
10
-40
10
60
10
60
10
10
60
-3.5
-11.1
-3.2
7.1
-6.9
3.6
7.8
14.3
10.9
7.1
1.9
26.1
Nunavut
Both sexes
15 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men
Women
380
50
290
50
240
140
480
50
390
50
320
160
490
50
390
50
320
170
10
0
0
0
0
10
110
0
100
0
80
30
2.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.3
28.9
0.0
34.5
0.0
33.3
21.4
preliminary
1. Includes people who receive regular income benefits, whether or not they participate in one of three employment benefit programs, namely the Skills
Development Program, the Job Creation Partnerships Program and the Self-employment Program.
Source(s): CANSIM table 276-0022.
Table 2
Initial and renewal claims received, by province and territory Seasonally adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
September to
October 2016
236,150
8,930
2,550
9,540
10,220
62,530
67,190
8,380
8,050
31,610
26,220
280
310
190
-200
260
-100
-100
-580
380
-1,790
670
900
490
-430
60
20
-10
number
Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador
Prince Edward Island
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Quebec
Ontario
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
British Columbia
Yukon
Northwest Territories
Nunavut
239,180
9,410
2,310
9,250
9,900
66,880
68,570
8,200
7,410
30,130
26,230
290
290
180
236,350
8,670
2,650
9,640
10,800
62,150
68,980
7,710
7,150
31,120
26,650
220
290
200
October 2015
to October
2016
change
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
% change
-3,030
-480
240
290
320
-4,350
-1,380
180
640
1,480
-10
-10
20
10
-0.1
3.0
-3.8
-1.0
-5.4
0.6
-2.6
8.7
12.6
1.6
-1.6
27.3
6.9
-5.0
-1.3
-5.1
10.4
3.1
3.2
-6.5
-2.0
2.2
8.6
4.9
0.0
-3.4
6.9
5.6
preliminary
Source(s): CANSIM table 276-0004.
Table 3
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by census metropolitan category2 Seasonally
adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
number
Newfoundland and Labrador
Census metropolitan areas
St. John's
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Prince Edward Island
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Nova Scotia
Census metropolitan areas
Halifax
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
New Brunswick
Census metropolitan areas
Moncton
Saint John
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Quebec
Census metropolitan areas
Montral
OttawaGatineau (Quebec part)
Qubec
Saguenay
Sherbrooke
Trois-Rivires
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Ontario
Census metropolitan areas
Barrie
Brantford
Greater Sudbury
Guelph
Hamilton
Kingston
KitchenerCambridgeWaterloo
London
Oshawa
OttawaGatineau (Ontario part)
Peterborough
St. CatharinesNiagara
Thunder Bay
Toronto
Windsor
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
change
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
% change
4,270
4,270
3,410
5,190
5,190
3,980
5,320
5,320
4,010
130
130
30
1,050
1,050
600
2.5
2.5
0.8
24.6
24.6
17.6
25,610
28,350
28,920
570
3,310
2.0
12.9
2,850
2,890
2,920
30
70
1.0
2.5
4,640
4,830
4,860
30
220
0.6
4.7
5,290
5,290
9,320
5,350
5,350
8,960
5,440
5,440
9,220
90
90
260
150
150
-100
1.7
1.7
2.9
2.8
2.8
-1.1
13,590
13,930
14,110
180
520
1.3
3.8
5,840
3,290
2,560
6,810
6,060
3,250
2,810
7,000
5,940
3,240
2,700
7,070
-120
-10
-110
70
100
-50
140
260
-2.0
-0.3
-3.9
1.0
1.7
-1.5
5.5
3.8
19,760
20,700
20,800
100
1,040
0.5
5.3
79,900
55,280
3,950
10,070
4,330
3,450
2,830
20,980
76,360
53,520
3,700
9,470
3,880
3,140
2,650
19,270
75,280
52,870
3,670
9,330
3,800
3,090
2,520
18,560
-1,080
-650
-30
-140
-80
-50
-130
-710
-4,620
-2,410
-280
-740
-530
-360
-310
-2,420
-1.4
-1.2
-0.8
-1.5
-2.1
-1.6
-4.9
-3.7
-5.8
-4.4
-7.1
-7.3
-12.2
-10.4
-11.0
-11.5
47,590
45,080
44,290
-790
-3,300
-1.8
-6.9
106,290
2,420
1,930
2,460
1,190
6,930
1,630
4,790
4,650
4,140
7,640
1,350
5,450
1,860
55,940
3,920
16,960
100,500
2,410
1,790
3,360
1,190
6,440
1,530
4,510
4,420
4,000
7,240
1,330
5,320
1,680
51,870
3,420
17,250
99,540
2,310
1,790
3,410
1,170
6,500
1,520
4,370
4,370
3,950
7,210
1,360
5,350
1,670
51,180
3,370
16,960
-960
-100
0
50
-20
60
-10
-140
-50
-50
-30
30
30
-10
-690
-50
-290
-6,750
-110
-140
950
-20
-430
-110
-420
-280
-190
-430
10
-100
-190
-4,760
-550
0
-1.0
-4.1
0.0
1.5
-1.7
0.9
-0.7
-3.1
-1.1
-1.3
-0.4
2.3
0.6
-0.6
-1.3
-1.5
-1.7
-6.4
-4.5
-7.3
38.6
-1.7
-6.2
-6.7
-8.8
-6.0
-4.6
-5.6
0.7
-1.8
-10.2
-8.5
-14.0
0.0
23,310
23,500
23,510
10
200
0.0
0.9
Table 3-continued
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by census metropolitan category2 Seasonally
adjusted
Manitoba
Census metropolitan areas
Winnipeg
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Saskatchewan
Census metropolitan areas
Regina
Saskatoon
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
Alberta
Census metropolitan areas
Calgary
Edmonton
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
British Columbia
Census metropolitan areas
AbbotsfordMission
Kelowna
Vancouver
Victoria
Census agglomerations
Outside census metropolitan areas and
census agglomerations
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
September to
October 2016
October 2015
to October
2016
7,720
7,720
1,090
7,650
7,650
1,230
7,580
7,580
1,200
-70
-70
-30
-140
-140
110
-0.9
-0.9
-2.4
-1.8
-1.8
10.1
6,150
6,530
6,660
130
510
2.0
8.3
5,280
1,910
3,380
2,840
7,220
2,400
4,810
3,720
7,700
2,450
5,260
3,860
480
50
450
140
2,420
540
1,880
1,020
6.6
2.1
9.4
3.8
45.8
28.3
55.6
35.9
7,080
9,030
9,590
560
2,510
6.2
35.5
39,240
19,620
19,620
9,990
58,580
29,620
28,970
15,230
60,800
30,900
29,910
15,390
2,220
1,280
940
160
21,560
11,280
10,290
5,400
3.8
4.3
3.2
1.1
54.9
57.5
52.4
54.1
10,580
16,670
16,980
310
6,400
1.9
60.5
28,870
2,980
2,880
20,010
2,990
15,050
25,770
2,530
3,420
17,070
2,750
16,530
26,250
2,740
3,650
17,110
2,750
16,840
480
210
230
40
0
310
-2,620
-240
770
-2,900
-240
1,790
1.9
8.3
6.7
0.2
0.0
1.9
-9.1
-8.1
26.7
-14.5
-8.0
11.9
11,370
12,640
13,010
370
1,640
2.9
14.4
preliminary
1. Includes people who receive regular income benefits, whether or not they participate in one of three employment benefit programs, namely the Skills
Development Program, the Job Creation Partnerships Program and the Self-employment Program.
2. 2011 Standard Geographical Classification.
Source(s): CANSIM table 276-0034.
Table 4
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by occupation,2 Canada Seasonally adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
September
to October
2016
number
All occupations
October
2015 to
October
2016
change
September
to October
2016
October
2015 to
October
2016
% change
543,820
572,510
575,240
2,730
31,420
0.5
5.8
Management occupations
Senior management occupations
Specialized middle management occupations
Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale
trade and customer services
Middle management occupations in trades, transportation,
production and utilities
33,260
2,790
11,240
36,210
3,170
12,890
36,670
3,220
12,980
460
50
90
3,410
430
1,740
1.3
1.6
0.7
10.3
15.4
15.5
11,830
11,980
12,220
240
390
2.0
3.3
7,390
8,160
8,250
90
860
1.1
11.6
57,630
6,510
62,920
7,310
63,520
7,380
600
70
5,890
870
1.0
1.0
10.2
13.4
23,490
26,170
26,530
360
3,040
1.4
12.9
2,140
17,230
2,430
18,040
2,430
18,160
0
120
290
930
0.0
0.7
13.6
5.4
8,260
8,970
9,010
40
750
0.4
9.1
31,370
9,120
34,840
10,700
35,400
10,810
560
110
4,030
1,690
1.6
1.0
12.8
18.5
22,240
24,140
24,590
450
2,350
1.9
10.6
7,450
780
520
2,770
3,380
8,040
780
600
2,890
3,770
8,060
800
620
2,920
3,730
20
20
20
30
-40
610
20
100
150
350
0.2
2.6
3.3
1.0
-1.1
8.2
2.6
19.2
5.4
10.4
46,790
14,600
43,200
11,850
43,230
11,710
30
-140
-3,560
-2,890
0.1
-1.2
-7.6
-19.8
5,690
5,500
5,540
40
-150
0.7
-2.6
9,990
700
9,360
700
9,440
700
80
0
-550
0
0.9
0.0
-5.5
0.0
15,820
15,770
15,840
70
20
0.4
0.1
8,490
1,820
6,670
8,850
1,800
7,050
8,750
1,750
7,000
-100
-50
-50
260
-70
330
-1.1
-2.8
-0.7
3.1
-3.8
4.9
84,770
4,690
15,680
86,580
4,780
16,410
87,300
4,770
16,420
720
-10
10
2,530
80
740
0.8
-0.2
0.1
3.0
1.7
4.7
12,330
12,090
12,290
200
-40
1.7
-0.3
22,790
8,090
21,180
22,830
8,070
22,390
23,150
8,070
22,600
320
0
210
360
-20
1,420
1.4
0.0
0.9
1.6
-0.2
6.7
186,450
71,040
18,640
200,650
76,010
20,670
201,120
75,790
20,920
470
-220
250
14,670
4,750
2,280
0.2
-0.3
1.2
7.9
6.7
12.2
10,530
10,660
10,610
-50
80
-0.5
0.8
44,300
49,720
50,440
720
6,140
1.4
13.9
41,940
43,600
43,360
-240
1,420
-0.6
3.4
Health occupations
Professional occupations in nursing
Professional occupations in health (except nursing)
Technical occupations in health
Assisting occupations in support of health services
Occupations in education, law and social, community
and government services
Professional occupations in education services
Professional occupations in law and social, community and
government services
Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community
and education services
Occupations in front-line public protection services
Care providers and educational, legal and public protection
support occupations
Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport
Professional occupations in art and culture
Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport
Sales and service occupations
Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations
Service supervisors and specialized service occupations
Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and
retail trade
Service representatives and other customer and personal
services occupations
Sales support occupations
Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.
Trades, transport and equipment operators and related
occupations
Industrial, electrical and construction trades
Maintenance and equipment operation trades
Other installers, repairers and servicers and material
handlers
Transport and heavy equipment operation and related
maintenance occupations
Trades helpers, construction labourers and related
occupations
10
Table 4-continued
Beneficiaries receiving regular income benefits1 by occupation,2 Canada Seasonally adjusted
October
2015
September
2016p
October
2016p
September
to October
2016
October
2015 to
October
2016
September
to October
2016
October
2015 to
October
2016
38,730
39,780
40,120
340
1,390
0.9
3.6
8,180
9,140
9,120
-20
940
-0.2
11.5
16,250
14,310
16,050
14,600
16,110
14,890
60
290
-140
580
0.4
2.0
-0.9
4.1
46,980
47,080
46,720
-360
-260
-0.8
-0.6
3,140
3,540
3,590
50
450
1.4
14.3
13,200
7,260
23,380
13,220
7,370
22,950
12,930
7,630
22,570
-290
260
-380
-270
370
-810
-2.2
3.5
-1.7
-2.0
5.1
-3.5
preliminary
1. Includes people who receive regular income benefits whether or not they participate in one of three employment benefit programs, namely the Skills Development
Program, Job Creation Partnerships Program and Self-employment Program.
2. National Occupational Classification 2011.
Source(s): CANSIM table 276-0043.
11