Department of

Mechatronics Engg

Internal Combustion (IC) Engines

Week 4 Transmission, Pumps and Turbines
Vehicle Transmission
Pumps
Turbines

Transmission

Purpose of Transmission
Provide gear ratio selection
Change vehicle direction

Transmission

Types of Transmission
Sliding Mesh Transmission
Constant Mesh Transmission
Automatic Transmission

Transmission
Manual Transmission
Also known as a stick shift or just 'stick', 'straight drive', or standard
transmission
Types
Sliding Mesh A simple but rugged sliding-mesh or unsynchronized / nonsynchronous system, where straight-cut spur gear sets are spinning freely, and
must be synchronized by the operator matching engine revs to road speed, to
avoid noisy and damaging "gear clash"
Constant Mesh

Constant-mesh gearboxes, where diagonal cut helical gear

sets are constantly "meshed" together, and a dog clutch is used for changing

gears

Transmission
Sliding Mesh Transmission
Parts
Shafts
Input Shaft
Output Shaft
Counter Shaft
Gears
Bearings

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Main Drive Gear

Counter Shaft
Main Shaft
I Gear
II Gear
III Gear
Top Gear Engaging Dog

Transmission
Constant Mesh Transmission
Parts
Shafts
Input Shaft
Output Shaft
Counter Shaft
Dual Clutch
Gears
Bearings
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Transmission
Constant Mesh Transmission
Parts
Shafts
Input Shaft
Output Shaft
Counter Shaft
Dual Clutch
Gears
Bearings
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Transmission
Gear Ratio
When two gears are in mesh, a gear ratio exists
Driven Gear
Gear Ratio
Driving Gear
Example:

Drive gear has 14 teeth

Driven gear has 28 teeth
28 14 = 2:1 ratio (two to one ratio)
The drive gear must rotate twice to make the driven gear rotate
once

Transmission
Automatic Transmission
Known as "AT" or "Auto" is an automobile gearbox that can
change gear ratios automatically as the vehicle moves, freeing
the driver from having to shift gears manually.
Planetary gear system is the core

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Pumps

Purpose of Pumps
A pump is a device used to move fluids, such
as liquids and gases
A pump displaces a volume by physical or
mechanical action

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Pumps
Types of Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Impulse Pumps
Velocity Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
A positive displacement pump causes a fluid
to move trapping a fixed amount of it then
forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into
the discharge pipe

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Rotary Type
Reciprocating Type

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Rotary Type
Gear Pumps
Screw Pumps
Vane Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Rotary Type
Gear Pumps
Screw Pumps
Vane Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Rotary Type
Gear Pumps
Screw Pumps
Vane Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Plunger Pumps
Diaphragm Pumps
Piston Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Plunger Pumps
Diaphragm Pumps
Piston Pumps

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Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Plunger Pumps
Diaphragm Pumps
Piston Pumps

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Pumps
Impulse Pumps
Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas
(usually air). In some impulse pumps the gas
trapped in the liquid (usually water), is
released and accumulated somewhere in the
pump, creating a pressure which can push
part of the liquid upwards.
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Pumps
Impulse Pumps
Hydraulic Ram
Pulser Pump
Airlift Pump

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Pumps
Impulse Pumps
Hydraulic Ram
Pulser Pump
Airlift Pump

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Pumps
Impulse Pumps
Hydraulic Ram
Pulser Pump
Airlift Pump

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Pumps
Velocity Pumps
Pump in which Kinetic Energy is added to the
fluid by increasing the flow velocity

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Pumps
Velocity Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Radial Flow Pump
Axial Flow Pump

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Pumps
Velocity Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Radial Flow Pump
Axial Flow Pump

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Pumps
Velocity Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Radial Flow Pump
Axial Flow Pump

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Pumps
Velocity Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Radial Flow Pump
Axial Flow Pump

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Turbines

Purpose of Turbine
A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts
energy from a fluid flow and converts it into
useful work

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Turbines

Types of Turbine
Impulse Turbine
Reaction Turbine

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Turbines
Types of Turbine
Impulse Turbine
These turbines change the direction of flow of a
high velocity fluid or gas jet. The resulting impulse
spins the turbine and leaves the fluid flow with
diminished kinetic energy

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Turbines
Impulse Turbine

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Turbines

Types of Turbine
Reaction Turbine
These turbines develop torque by reacting to the
gas or fluid's pressure or mass. The pressure of
the gas or fluid changes as it passes through the
turbine rotor blades

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Turbines
Reaction Turbine

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