Glossika Envnn F1 Ebk PDF

GMS
Glossika
Mass Sentences
EN
Vietnamese
Fluency
Complete Fluency Course
VNN North
1000
sentences
Michael Campbell
Viet Khoi Nguyen
Levels
Intro
Fluency
Expression
Fluency 1
[IPA
GMS INTENSIVE METHOD

Glossika Mass Sentences
GSR RELAXED METHOD

Glossika Spaced Repetition
Features: Sound files have A/B/C formats.
Features: Our sound files include an

algorithm that introduces 10 sentences
every day, with review of 40 sentences,
for a total of 1000 sentences in 104 days.
Requires less than 20 minutes daily.
A Files
English - Target language 2x
B Files
English - space - Target 1x
C Files
Target language only 1x
Useful for students with more

time to dedicate.
Useful for people with busy

schedules and limited study time.
HOW TO USE
To familiarise yourself with IPA and spelling, Glossika recommends using the book
while listening to A or C sound files and going through all 1000 sentences on your first
day. Then you can start your training.
Set up your schedule. It's your

choice, you can choose 20, 50 or
100 sentences for daily practice. We
recommend completing the following
four steps.
Training Step : Try repeating
the sentences with the same
speed and intonation in the A
sound files.
Set up your schedule. You can

listen to a single GSR file daily or even
double up. One book typically takes 3-4
months to complete.
You can accompany with the GMS
training when you have extra time to
practice.
Training Step : Dictation: use

the C sound files (and pausing) to
write out each sentence (in script
or IPA or your choice). Use the
book to check your answers.
Training Step : Recording:
record the sentences as best you
can. We recommend recording
the same sentences over a 3-day
period, and staggering them with
new ones.
Training Step : Use the B sound
files to train your interpretation
skills. Say your translation in the
space provided.
Reminder
Don't forget that if you run into problems, just skip over it! Keep working through the
sentences all the way to the end and don't worry about the ones you don't get. You'll
probably get it right the second time round. Remember, one practice session separated
by *one* sleep session yields the best results!
Glossika Mass Sentence Method

Vietnamese (North)
Fluency 1
This GMS Fluency Series accompanies the GMS recordings
and is a supplementary course assisting you on your path to
fluency. This course fills in the fluency training that is lacking
from other courses. Instead of advancing in the language via
grammar, GMS builds up sentences and lets students advance
via the full range of expression required to function in the
target language.
GMS recordings (sold separately) prepare the student through
translation and interpretation to become proficient in speaking
and listening.
Glossika Spaced Repetition (GSR) recordings are strongly
recommended for those who have trouble remembering the
content. Through the hundred days of GSR training, all the text
in each of our GMS publications can be mastered with ease.
Glossika Series
The following languages are available in the GMS or GSR Series
(not all are published in English):
Afroasiatic
AR Arabic-Standard, ARE Arabic Egyptian,
ARD Arabic (Mor.) Darija, ARQ Arabic
Algerian, ART Arabic Tunisian, MLT
Maltese, ARL Arabic Levantine, ALS Arabic
(Jor.) Lev-south, ARI Arabic Iraqi, ARM
Arabic Maghrebi, IV Hebrew, AM Amharic,
TIR Tigrinya, HA Hausa
Altaic (+JK)
TU Turkish, AZ Azeri, Uzbek, Kyrgyz,
Kazakh, Uyghur, MN Mongolian, JA
Japanese, KR Korean
Austronesian
XSY Saisiyat, TYS Atayal-Squliq, SDQ
Seediq, SDT Seediq-Truku, TRK Taroko,
KVN Kavalan, SKZ Sakizaya, AMP AmisPangcah, PZH Pazeh, KXB Kaxabu, THW
Thao, BNN Bunun-Isbukun, COU Cou,
KNV Kanakanavu, HLR Hla'arua, SRY
Siraya, RUV Rukai-Vedrai, PWN PaiwanPasaviri, PYM Pinuyumayan-Puyuma, TAO
Tao, TGL Tagalog, ILO Ilokano, Cebuano,
IN Indonesian, Malay
Dravidian
KAN Kannada, MAL Malayalam, TAM
Tamil India, TSL Tamil-Sl, TEL Telugu
IE: Baltic
LIT Lithuanian, LAV Latvian
IE: Celtic
CYM Welsh
IE: Germanic
DE German, NL Dutch, EN English
American, DA Danish, SV Swedish, NO
Norwegian, IS Icelandic
IE: Indo-Iranian
KUR Kurmanji Kurdish, KUS Sorani Kurdish,
FA Persian, PRS Persian-Dari, TGK Tajik,

UR Urdu, HI Hindi, PAN Panjabi, GUJ
Gujarati, MAR Marathi, NEP Nepali, ORI
Odia, SYL Sylheti, SIN Sinhalese, ASM
Assamese, KHA Khasi, BEN Bengali
IE: Romance
PT Portuguese, PB Portuguese-Brazil, ES
Spanish, ESM Mexican Spanish, CA Catalan,
FR French, IT Italian, RO Romanian
IE: Slavic
RU Russian, UKR Ukrainian, BEL
Belarusian, PL Polish, CS Czech, SK
Slovak, SL Slovene, HR Croatian, BOS
Bosnian, SRP Serbian, MK Macedonian,
BUL Bulgarian
IE: Other
EL Greek, SQ Albanian-Tosk, HY
Armenian, EO Esperanto, EU Basque
Kartuli
KA Georgian
Mon-Khmer
KH Khmer, VNN Viet (North), VNS Viet
(South)
Niger-Congo
SW Swahili, LG Ganda, RN Kirundi, RW
Kinyarwanda, YO Yoruba
Sino-Tibetan
ZH Chinese Standard, ZS Chinese-Beijing,
WUS Shanghai, WUW Wenzhou, MNN
Taiwanese, HAK Hakka (Sixian, Hailu), YUE
Cantonese, BOD Tibetan-Lhasa, DZO
Dzongkha, BRX Bodo, MY Burmese
Tai-Kadai
TH Thai, LO Lao
Uralic
FI Finnish, EST Estonian, HU Hungarian
Many of our languages are offered at different levels (check for availability):
Intro Level
Pronunciation Courses
Introductory Course
Fluency Level
Fluency Modules
Daily Life Module
Travel Module
Business Intro Module
Expression Level
Business Courses
Intensive Reading
Extensive Reading
(Novels)
Vietnamese (North)
Fluency 1
Michael Campbell
Viet Khoi Nguyen

Vietnamese (North) Fluency 1
First published 2015
via license by Nolsen Bdon, Ltd.
Taipei, Taiwan
Authors: Michael Campbell, Viet Khoi Nguyen
Chief Editor: Michael Campbell
Translator: Michael Campbell, Viet Khoi Nguyen
Recordings: Michael Campbell, Viet Khoi Nguyen
Editing Team: Chia-Yi Lin, Claudia Chen
Consultant: Percy Wong
Programming: Edward Greve
Design: Kara Li
2015 Michael Campbell
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known
or hereafter invented, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only as samples of language use without intent to
infringe.
Ebook ISBN: 978-986-438-022-0
Paperback ISBN: 978-986-438-007-7
GMS MP3 ISRC: TWY811335151-TWY811335210
GSR MP3 ISRC: TWY811335211-TWY811335314
www.glossika.com
Contents
What is Glossika?
Glossika Levels
Glossika Publications
4 Secrets of the Mass Sentences Method
How to Use GMS and GSR
Supplementary
Sentence Mining
Transformation Drills
Substitution Drills
Memory, The Brain, and Language Acquisition
Introduction to Vietnamese
Sentence 100
Sentence 200
Sentence 300
Sentence 400
Sentence 500
Sentence 600
Sentence 700
Sentence 800
Sentence 900
Sentence 1000
Vietnamese Index
7
9
10
12
14
16
16
18
20
21
27
33
51
67
84
102
120
140
160
179
200
221
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What is Glossika?
From the creation of various linguists and polyglots headed by
Michael Campbell, Glossika is a comprehensive and effective
system that delivers speaking and listening training to fluency.
Its wise to use Glossika training materials together with your other
study materials. Dont bet everything on Glossika. Always use as
many materials as you can get your hands on and do something
from all of those materials daily. These are the methods used
by some of the worlds greatest polyglots and only ensures your
success.
If you follow all the guidelines in our method you can also become
proficiently literate as well. But remember its easier to become
literate in a language that you can already speak than one that you
cant.
Most people will feel that since we only focus on speaking and
listening, that the Glossika method is too tough. Its possible to
finish one of our modules in one month, in fact this is the speed
at which weve been training our students for years: 2 hours
weekly for 4 weeks is all you need to complete one module. Our
students are expected to do at least a half hour on their own every
day through listening, dictation, and recording. If you follow the
method, you will have completed 10,000 sentence repetitions by
the end of the month. This is sufficient enough to start to feel your
fluency come out, but you still have a long way to go.
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This training model seems to fit well with students in East Asia
learning tough languages like English, because they are driven by
the fact that they need a better job or have some pressing issue to
use their English. This drive makes them want to succeed.
Non-East Asian users of the Glossika Mass Sentence (GMS)
methods are split in two groups: those who reap enormous benefit
by completing the course, and others who give up because its too
tough to stick to the schedule. If you feel like our training is too
overwhelming or demands too much of your time, then I suggest
you get your hands on our Glossika Spaced Repetition (GSR) audio
files which are designed for people like you. So if youre ambitious,
use GMS. If youre too busy or cant stick to a schedule, use GSR.
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Glossika Levels
The first goal we have in mind for you is Fluency. Our definition
of fluency is simple and easy to attain: speaking full sentences in
one breath. Once you achieve fluency, then we work with you on
expanding your expression and vocabulary to all areas of language
competency. Our three levels correlate to the European standard:
*
*
*
Introduction
Fluency
Expression
=
=
=
A Levels
B Levels
C Levels
The majority of foreign language learners are satisfied at a B

Level and a few continue on. But the level at which you want to
speak a foreign language is your choice. There is no requirement
to continue to the highest level, and most people never do as a B
Level becomes their comfort zone.
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Glossika Publications
Each Glossika publication comes in four formats:
* Print-On-Demand paperback text
* E-book text (available for various platforms)
* Glossika Mass Sentence audio files
* Glossika Spaced Repetition audio files
Some of our books include International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
as well. Just check for the IPA mark on our covers.
We strive to provide as much phonetic detail as we can in our IPA
transcriptions, but this is not always possible with every language.
As there are different ways to write IPA, our books will also let you
know whether its an underlying pronunciation (phonemic) with
these symbols: / /, or if its a surface pronunciation (phonetic) with
these symbols: [ ].
IPA is the most scientific and precise way to represent the sounds
of foreign languages. Including IPA in language training guides is
taking a step away from previous decades of language publishing.
We embrace the knowledge now available to everybody via
online resources like Wikipedia which allow anybody to learn the
IPA: something that could not be done before without attending
university classes.
The editor of our Fluency Series, Michael Campbell, grew up
using books that taught foreign languages in the traditional
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way. For example, to say // (IPA writes it as /y/) those books

go into elaborate detail about how to purse your lips together
with what sounds. He felt very awkward doing it until he found
a native speaker he could mimic. Then he realized it wasnt such
an awkward thing and didnt need to hold his mouth in awkward
positions to get the sounds right. Once he found out what this
sound was, he found it completely unnecessary to re-read these
descriptions in each book or language he tried. And then one day
he discovered IPA, and that there was a symbol for this sound /
y/. Starting from that point, he started jotting it and other letters
into the pronunciation sections of his various language books
meanwhile crossing out their lengthy descriptions. The IPA really is
an international code and always has one letter to represent one
and the same sound in any language. If you learn what each letter
represents, you can use it to speak any language in the world with
a high degree of phonetic accuracy. In fact, you probably already
know most of the common letters in IPA.
To get started, just point your browser to Wikipedias IPA page to
learn more about pronouncing the languages we publish.
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4 Secrets
of the Mass Sentence Method
When learning a foreign language its best to use full sentences for
a number of reasons:
1. PronunciationIn languages like English, our words undergo
a lot of pronunciation and intonation changes when words get
strung together in sentences which is has been well analyzed
in linguistics. This may be easy to learn for European students,
but for Asian students it can be really difficult. Likewise it is true
with languages like Chinese where the pronunciations and tones
from individual words change once they appear in a sentence. By
following the intonation and prosody of a native speaker saying a
whole sentence, its much easier to learn rather than trying to say
string each word together individually.
2. Syntaxthe order of words, will be different than your own
language. Human thought usually occurs in complete ideas. Every
society has developed a way to express those ideas linearly by first
saying what happened (the verb), or by first saying who did it (the
agent), etc. Paying attention to this will accustom us to the way
others speak.
3. Vocabularythe meanings of words, never have just one
meaning, and their usage is always different. You always have to
learn words in context and which words theyre paired with. These
are called collocations. To commit a crime and to commit to
a relationship use two different verbs in most other languages.
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Never assume that learning commit by itself will give you the
answer. After a lifetime in lexicography, Patrick Hanks reached
the alarming conclusion that words dont have meaning, but
rather that definitions listed in dictionaries can be regarded as
presenting meaning potentials rather than meanings as such. This
is why collocations are so important.
4. Grammarthe changes or morphology in words are always
in flux. Memorizing rules will not help you achieve fluency. You
have to experience them as a native speaker says them, repeat
them as a native speaker would, and through mass amount of
practice come to an innate understanding of the inner workings of
a languages morphology. Most native speakers cant explain their
own grammar. It just happens.
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How to Use GMS and GSR

The best way to use GMS is to find a certain time of day that works
best for you where you can concentrate. It doesnt have to be a lot
of time, maybe just 30 minutes at most is fine. If you have more
time, even better. Then schedule that time to be your study time
every day.
Try to tackle anywhere from 20 to 100 sentences per day in the
GMS. Do what youre comfortable with.
Review the first 50 sentences in the book to get an idea of what
will be said. Then listen to the A files. If you can, try to write all
the sentences down from the files as dictation without looking at
the text. This will force you to differentiate all the sounds of the
language. If you dont like using the A files, you can switch to the C
files which only have the target language.
After dictation, check your work for any mistakes. These mistakes
should tell you a lot that you will improve on the next day.
Go through the files once again, repeating all the sentences. Then
record yourself saying all the sentences. Ideally, you should record
these sentences four to five days in a row in order to become very
familiar with them.
All of the activities above may take more than one day or one
setting, so go at the pace that feels comfortable for you.
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If this schedule is too difficult to adhere to, or you find that

dictation and recording is too much, then take a more relaxed
approach with the GSR files. The GSR files in most cases are
shorter than twenty minutes, some go over due to the length of
the sentences. But this is the perfect attention span that most
people have anyway. By the end of the GSR files you should feel
pretty tired, especially if youre trying to repeat everything.
The GSR files are numbered from Day 1 to Day 100. Just do one
every day, as all the five days of review sentences are built in. Its
that simple! Good luck.
Dont forget we also provide services at our Glossika Training
Center in case you need any more help.
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Supplementary
Sentence Mining
Sentence mining can be a fun activity where you find sentences
that you like or feel useful in the language youre learning. We
suggest keeping your list of sentences in a spreadsheet that you
can re-order how you wish.
Its always a good idea to keep a list of all the sentences youre
learning or mastering. They not only encompass a lot of vocabulary
and their actual usage, or collocations, but they give you a
framework for speaking the language. Its also fun to keep track of
your progress and see the number of sentences increasing.
Based on many tests weve conducted, weve found that students
can reach a good level of fluency with only a small number of
sentences. For example, with just 3000 sentences, each trained
10 times over a period of 5 days, for a total of 30,000 sentences
(repetitions), can make a difference between a completely mute
person who is shy and unsure how to speak and a talkative person
who wants to talk about everything. More importantly, the reps
empower you to become a stronger speaker.
The sentences we have included in our Glossika courses have been
carefully selected to give you a wide range of expression. The
sentences in our fluency modules target the kinds of conversations
that you have discussing day-to-day activities, the bulk of what
makes up our real-life conversations with friends and family. For
some people these sentences may feel really boring, but these
sentences are carefully selected to represent an array of discussing
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events that occur in the past, the present and the future, and
whether those actions are continuous or not, even in languages
where such grammar is not explicitly markedespecially in these
languages as you need to know how to convey your thoughts. The
sentences are transparent enough that they give you the tools to
go and create dozens of more sentences based on the models we
give you.
As you work your way through our Fluency Series the sentences
will cover all aspects of grammar without actually teaching you
grammar. Youll find most of the patterns used in all the tenses
and aspects, passive and active (or ergative as is the case in some
languages were developing), indirect speech, and finally describing
events as if to a policeman. The sentences also present some
transformational patterns you can look out for. Sometimes we
have more than one way to say something in our own language,
but maybe only one in a foreign language. And the opposite is true
where we may only have one way to say something whereas a
foreign language may have many.
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Supplementary
Transformation Drills
A transformation is restating the same sentence with the same
meaning, but using different words or phrasing to accomplish this.
A transformation is essentially a translation, but inside the same
language. A real example from Glossikas business module is:
- Could someone help me with my bags?
- Could I get a hand with these bags?
You may not necessarily say hand in a foreign language and
thats why direct translation word-for-word can be dangerous. As
you can see from these two sentences, theyre translations of each
other, but they express the same meaning.
To express yourself well in a foreign language, practice the art of
restating everything you say in your mother language. Find more
ways to say the same thing.
There are in fact two kinds of transformation drills we can do.
One is transformation in our mother language and the other is
transformation into our target language, known as translation.
By transforming a sentence in your own language, youll get better
at transforming it into another language and eventually being
able to formulate your ideas and thoughts in that language. Its a
process and it wont happen over night. Cultivate your ability day
by day.
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Build a bridge to your new language through translation. The

better you get, the less you rely on the bridge until one day, you
wont need it at all.
Translation should never be word for word or literal. You should
always aim to achieve the exact same feeling in the foreign
language. The only way to achieve this is by someone who can
create the sentences for you who already knows both languages to
such fluency that he knows the feeling created is exactly the same.
In fact, youll encounter many instances in our GMS publications
where sentences dont seem to match up. The two languages are
expressed completely differently, and it seems its wrong. Believe
us, weve not only gone over and tested each sentence in real life
situations, weve even refined the translations several times to the
point that this is really how we speak in this given situation.
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Supplementary
Substitution Drills
Substitution drills are more or less the opposite of transformation
drills. Instead of restating the same thing in a different way, youre
saying a different thing using the exact same way. So using the
example from above we can create this substitution drill:
- Could someone help me with making dinner?
In this case, we have replaced the noun with a gerund phrase. The
sentence has a different meaning but its using the same structure.
This drill also allows the learner to recognize a pattern how to
use a verb behind a preposition, especially after being exposed to
several instances of this type.
We can also combine transformation and substitution drills:
- Could someone give me a hand with making dinner?
So it is encouraged that as you get more and more experience
working through the Glossika materials, that you not only write
out and record more and more of your own conversations, but
also do more transformation and substitution drills on top of the
sentences we have included in the book.
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Memory, The Brain,

and Language Acquisition
We encounter a lot of new information every day that may or may
not need to be memorized. In fact, were doing it all the time when
we make new friends, remembering faces and other information
related to our friends.
After some experience with language learning youll soon discover
that languages are just like a social landscape. Except instead of
interconnected friends we have interconnected words. In fact,
looking at languages in this way makes it a lot more fun as you get
familiar with all the data.
Since languages are natural and all humans are able to use them
naturally, it only makes sense to learn languages in a natural way.
In fact studies have found, and many students having achieved
fluency will attest to, the fact that words are much easier to
recognize in their written form if we already know them in the
spoken form. Remember that you already own the words you
use to speak with. The written form is just a record and its much
easier to transfer what you know into written form than trying to
memorize something that is only written.
Trying to learn a language from the writing alone can be a real
daunting task. Learning to read a language you already speak is not
hard at all. So dont beat yourself up trying to learn how to read a
complicated script like Chinese if you have no idea how to speak
the language yet. Its not as simple as one word = one character.
And the same holds true with English as sometimes many words
make up one idea, like get over it.
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What is the relationship between memory and sleep? Our brain

acquires experiences throughout the day and records them as
memories. If these memories are too common, such as eating
lunch, they get lost among all the others and we find it difficult
to remember one specific memory from the others. More
importantly such memories leave no impact or impression on us.
However, a major event like a birth or an accident obviously leaves
a bigger impact. We attach importance to those events.
Since our brain is constantly recording our daily life, it collects a
lot of useless information. Since this information is both mundane
and unimportant to us, our brain has a built-in mechanism to deal
with it. In other words, our brains dump the garbage every day.
Technically speaking our memories are connections between our
nerve cells and these connections lose strength if they are not
recalled or used again.
During our sleep cycles our brain is reviewing all the events of
the day. If you do not recall those events the following day, the
memory weakens. After three sleep cycles, consider a memory
gone if you havent recalled it. Some memories can be retained
longer because you may have anchored it better the first time you
encountered it. An anchor is connecting your memory with one of
your senses or another pre-existing memory. During your language
learning process, this wont happen until later in your progress. So
what can you do in the beginning?
A lot of memory experts claim that making outrageous stories
about certain things theyre learning help create that anchor
where otherwise none would exist. Some memory experts picture
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a house in their mind that theyre very familiar with and walk
around that house in a specific pre-arranged order. Then all the
objects theyre memorizing are placed in that house in specific
locations. In order to recall them, they just walk around the house.
I personally have had no luck making outrageous stories to
memorize things. Ive found the house method very effective
but its different than the particular way I use it. This method is a
form of memory map, or spatial memory, and for me personally
I prefer using real world maps. This probably originates from my
better than average ability to remember maps, so if you can,
then use it! Its not for everybody though. It really works great for
learning multiple languages.
What do languages and maps have in common? Everything can
be put on a map, and languages naturally are spoken in locations
and spread around and change over time. These changes in
pronunciations of words creates a word history, or etymology.
And by understanding how pronunciations change over time and
where populations migrated, its quite easy to remember a large
number of data with just a memory map. This is how I anchor
new languages Im learning. I have a much bigger challenge when
I try a new language family. So I look for even deeper and longer
etymologies that are shared between language families, anything
to help me establish a link to some core vocabulary. Some words
like I (think Old English ic) and me/mine are essentially the
same roots all over the world from Icelandic (Indo-European) to
Finnish (Uralic) to Japanese (Altaic?) to Samoan (Austronesian).
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I dont confuse languages because in my mind every language

sounds unique and has its own accent and mannerisms. I can also
use my memory map to position myself in the location where the
language is spoken and imagine myself surrounded by the people
of that country. This helps me adapt to their expressions and
mannerisms, but more importantly, eliminates interference from
other languages. And when I mentally set myself up in this way,
the chance of confusing a word from another language simply
doesnt happen.
When Ive actually used a specific way of speaking and Ive done it
several days in a row, I know that the connections in my head are
now strengthening and taking root. Not using them three days in
a row creates a complete loss, however actively using them (not
passively listening) three days in a row creates a memory that
stays for a lifetime. Then you no longer need the anchors and the
memory is just a part of you.
Youll have noticed that the Glossika training method gives a
translation for every sentence, and in fact we use translation as
one of the major anchors for you. In this way 1) the translation
acts as an anchor, 2) you have intelligible input, 3) you easily
start to recognize patterns. Pattern recognition is the single most
important skill you need for learning a foreign language.
A lot of people think that translation should be avoided at all costs
when learning a foreign language. However, based on thousands
of tests Ive given my students over a ten-year period, Ive found
that just operating in the foreign language itself creates a false
sense of understanding and you have a much higher chance of
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hurting yourself in the long run by creating false realities.

I set up a specific test. I asked my students to translate back into
their mother tongue (Chinese) what they heard me saying. These
were students who could already hold conversations in English.
I found the results rather shocking. Sentences with certain word
combinations or phrases really caused a lot of misunderstanding,
like might as well or cant do it until, resulted in a lot of
guesswork and rather incorrect answers.
If you assume you can think and operate in a foreign language
without being able to translate whats being said, youre fooling
yourself into false comprehension. Train yourself to translate
everything into your foreign language. This again is an anchor that
you can eventually abandon when you become very comfortable
with the new language.
Finally, our brain really is a sponge. But you have to create the
structure of the sponge. Memorizing vocabulary in a language
that you dont know is like adding water to a sponge that has no
structure: it all flows out.
In order to create a foreign language structure, or sponge, you
need to create sentences that are natural and innate. You start
with sentence structures with basic, common vocabulary thats
easy enough to master and start building from there. With less
than 100 words, you can build thousands of sentences to fluency,
slowly one by one adding more and more vocabulary. Soon, youre
speaking with natural fluency and you have a working vocabulary
of several thousand words.
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If you ever learn new in isolation, you have to start using it

immediately in meaningful sentences. Hopefully sentences
you want to use. If you cant make a sentence with it, then the
vocabulary is useless.
Vocabulary shouldnt be memorized haphazardly because
vocabulary itself is variable. The words we use in our language are
only a tool for conveying a larger message, and every language
uses different words to convey the same message. Look for the
message, pay attention to the specific words used, then learn
those words. Memorizing words from a wordlist will not help you
with this task.
Recently a friend showed me his wordlist for learning Chinese,
using a kind of spaced repetition flashcard program where he
could download a deck. I thought it was a great idea until I saw
the words he was trying to learn. I tried explaining that learning
these characters out of context do not have the meanings on
his cards and they will mislead him into a false understanding,
especially individual characters. This would only work if they
were a review from a text he had read, where all the vocabulary
appeared in real sentences and a story to tell, but they werent.
From a long-term point of view, I could see that it would hurt him
and require twice as much time to re-learn everything. From the
short-term point of view, there was definitely a feeling of progress
and mastery and he was happy with that and I dropped the issue.
ENVNN
27
Introduction to Vietnamese
Classification: Austroasiatic Language Family - Viet-Muong Branch
Writing:
Roman script (modern), previously with Chinese

characters called Ch Nm ( ), of which both are

included in this publication.
Consonants:
Phonetically realized as [, k, z, , , , z, h, k, x, l, m, n, ,

, f, s, t, t, v]
Vowels:
/a, , , , , e, i, , o, , u/
Tones/Pitch:
Tonal, six phonemic tones. Tones also indicate length
and intensity.
Word Order:
Subject-[negative]-Verb-Object
Adjective Order: Noun-Adjective
Possessive Order: Noun-Genitive
Adposition Order: Preposition-Noun
Dependent Clause: Noun+Dependent Clause
Verbs:
No tense or aspect markintg; use of adverbs; perfect

marked with -ri
Nouns:
Optional plural
Pronouns:
Has polite and age-based pronouns
English
Vietnamese
at
to
for
cho
with
vi
from
ENVNN
28
English
Vietnamese
in
trong
above/on
bn trn
on top of
trn mt
above/on
trn
above/on
trn
below/under
di
inside
bn trong
before
trc
after
sau
outside
bn ngoi
among
gia/trong
between
gia
English
Vietnamese
the same
cng
different
khc
every
mi
all
tt c, ton b
important
quan trng
ENVNN
29
English
Vietnamese
who
ai
what
ci g
where
when
khi no
when (it happened)
khi
how
th no, lm sao
how many/much
bao nhiu
how long
bao lu
how often
bao lu mt ln
why
ti sao, v sao
which
no
English
Vietnamese
ti/t/tao
you
bn/cu/my
he/she/it
anh y/c y/n
we (exc)
chng ti
we (inc)
chng ta, ta
you
cc bn/cc cu/chng my
they
h/chng
ENVNN
30
English
Vietnamese
May, can
c th
May not
khng th
Have
Have not
khng c
Doing (Imperfective)
ang -
Have done (Perfective)
- ri
Been there/done it experience
tng -
Finished action, to sense (see,

hear, feel)
- thy
Undo action (break down, tear

apart, fall off)
- mt
Sounds/looks like, seems
nghe/trng c v -
Unable to
- khng c
Unable to
- khng ni
feel like
cm thy
can, will
can: - c; will: s -
cannot, will not
cannot: khng - c; will not:

s khng
must, have to, need to
phi
don't
ng
don't have to
khng cn
let, allow someone
make/get into (bad situation)
khin
ENVNN
31
English
Vietnamese
already
afterwards, then
sau
until...only then
mi
yet
cha
enough
really
tht
often
thng
immediately
ngay
certainly
chc chn
together
cng nhau
probably
chc
always
lun
ever do
u, lun
ever have
tng
never do
khng bao gi
never have
cha bao gi
once
mt ln
unable to
khng th no - c
yesterday
hm qua
today
hm nay
tomorrow
ngy mai
morning
sng
afternoon
chiu
evening
ti
last week
tun trc
next week
tun sau
ENVNN
32
English
Vietnamese
also
cng
and
because
but
nhng
furthermore
hn na
however
tuy nhin
or (in questions)
hay
or else, otherwise
khng th
so
nn
so that
ENVNN
33
34
EN
IPA
Hm nay tri p.
hoom n p .
EN
I'm not rich.
VNN
IPA
Ti khng giu c.
t oo xm z k .
EN
This bag's heavy.
VNN
IPA
Ci ti ny nng.
ka t u n n .
EN
These bags are heavy.
VNN
IPA
My ci ti ny nng.
m ka t u n n .
EN
Look, there's my friend.
VNN
The weather's nice today.
VNN
IPA
Nhn ka, bn ti ng kia.
ii n kii , an t oo aa kii .
ENVNN
ENVNN
6
EN
IPA
EN
His mother's at home. He's at school.
IPA
M anh y ang nh. Anh y ang trng.
m aa aa . aa .
EN
Her children are at school.
VNN
IPA
My a nh c y ang trng.
m aa koo aa .
EN
I'm a taxi driver.
VNN
IPA
Ti lm li xe taxi.
taxi
t oo laam la s t axii .
EN
My sister's a nurse.
VNN
10
IPA
Em gi ti lm y t.
m a t oo laam ii t a .
EN
He's sick. He's in bed.
VNN
11
My brother and I are good tennis players.

Anh ti v ti u l nhng tay vt gii.
t oo vaa t oo ee laa t vt z .
VNN
35
VNN
IPA
Anh y m. Anh y ang nm.
om . aa nm .
36
12
EN
IPA
Ti khng i m ti kht.
t oo xm maa t oo xat .
EN
He's a very old man. He's ninety-eight (98) years old.
VNN
13
IPA
ng y gi lm ri. ng y chn mi tm tui.
m zaa lm zoo . m i n m t am t u .
EN
These chairs aren't beautiful, but they're comfortable.
VNN
14
IPA
My ci gh ny khng p, nhng n tin.
m ka e n xm p , n t in .
EN
The weather's warm and sunny today.
VNN
15
IPA
Tri hm nay nng m.
hoom n n m .
EN
You're late. No, I'm not! I'm early.
VNN
16
IPA
Cu n mun. - Khng! Ti n sm.
k en mun . - xm ! t oo en sm .
EN
She isn't home. She's at work.
VNN
17
I'm not hungry, but I'm thirsty.
VNN
IPA
C y khng c nh. C y ang i lm.
koo xm k aa . koo aa ii laam .
ENVNN
ENVNN
18
EN
IPA
EN
What's your name?
IPA
Tn cu l g?
t een k laa ii ?
EN
My name's Alan.
VNN
20
IPA
Tn ti l Alan.
Alan
t een t oo laa () .
EN
Where are you from?
VNN
21
IPA
Cu ngi u?
k ?
EN
I'm from New York.
VNN
22
IPA
Ti ngi New York.

New York
t oo () () .
EN
How old are you?
VNN
23
Here's your coat.

y l o khoc ca cu.
laa a xwak ku k .
VNN
19
37
VNN
IPA
Cu bao nhiu tui?
k aa i t u ?
38
24
EN
IPA
Ti hai mi tui.
t oo haa m t u .
EN
What's your job?
VNN
25
IPA
Cu lm ngh g?
k laam ee ii ?
EN
I'm a teacher.
VNN
26
IPA
Ti lm gio vin.
t oo laam za vin .
EN
What's your favorite color?
VNN
27
IPA
Mu sc a thch ca cu l g?
m sk t k ku k laa ii ?
EN
My favorite color is blue.
VNN
28
IPA
Mu sc a thch ca ti l mu xanh lam?
m sk t k ku t oo laa m s laam ?
EN
What are you interested in?
VNN
29
I'm twenty (20) years old.
VNN
IPA
S thch ca cu l g?
s t k ku k laa ii ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
30
EN
IPA
EN
It's hot today.
IPA
Hm nay tri nng.
hoom n nm .
EN
It isn't hot today.
VNN
32
IPA
Hm nay tri khng nng.
hoom n xm nm .
EN
It's windy today.
VNN
33
IPA
Hm nay tri gi.
hoom n z .
EN
It isn't windy today.
VNN
34
IPA
Hm nay tri khng gi.
hoom n xm z .
EN
My hands are cold.
VNN
35
I'm interested in music.

Ti thch m nhc.
t oo t k m ak .
VNN
31
39
VNN
IPA
Tay ti ang lnh.
t t oo aa l .
40
36
EN
IPA
Brazil l mt t nc rt ln.
Brazil
razil laa mot t nk zt ln .
EN
Diamonds are not cheap.
VNN
37
IPA
Kim cng khng r.
kiim k xm z .
EN
Toronto isn't in the United States.
VNN
38
IPA
Toronto khng phi nc M.

Toronto
() xm fa nk mii .
EN
I'm tired.
VNN
39
IPA
Ti mt.
t oo met .
EN
I'm not tired.
VNN
40
IPA
Ti khng mt.
t oo xm met .
EN
I'm hungry.
VNN
41
Brazil is a very big country.
VNN
IPA
Ti i.
t oo .
ENVNN
ENVNN
42
EN
IPA
EN
He's a good swimmer.
IPA
Anh y l mt tay bi gii.
laa mot t z .
EN
I'm not interested in politics.
VNN
44
IPA
Ti khng thch chnh tr.
t oo xm t k i .
EN
What's your name?
VNN
45
IPA
Tn c l g?
t een koo laa ii ?
EN
My name's Amanda.
VNN
46
IPA
Tn ti l Amanda.
Amanda
t een t oo laa () .
EN
Are you married?
VNN
47
I'm not hungry.

Ti khng i.
t oo xm .
VNN
43
41
VNN
IPA
C kt hn cha?
koo ket hoon ?
42
48
EN
IPA
Cha, ti cn c thn.
, t oo kn kp t n .
EN
How old are you?
VNN
49
IPA
C bao nhiu tui?
koo aa i t u ?
EN
I'm twenty-five (25).
VNN
50
IPA
Ti hai mi lm.
t oo haa m lm .
EN
Are you a student?
VNN
51
IPA
C ang l hc sinh phi khng?
koo aa laa hkp s fa xm ?
EN
Yes, I am.
VNN
52
IPA
Vng.
v .
EN
Am I late?
VNN
53
No, I'm single.
VNN
IPA
Ti c b mun khng?
t oo k i mun xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
54
EN
IPA
EN
Is your mother at home?
IPA
M cu c nh khng?
m k k aa xm ?
EN
No, she's out.
VNN
56
IPA
Khng, m ti i vng.
xm , m t oo ii v .
EN
Are your parents at home?
VNN
57
IPA
B m cu c nh khng?
o m k k aa xm ?
EN
No, they're out.
VNN
58
IPA
Khng, h i vng.
xm , h ii v .
EN
Is it cold in your room?
VNN
59
No, you're on time.

Khng, cu n ng gi.
xm , k en m z .
VNN
55
43
VNN
IPA
Trong phng cu c lnh khng?
m fm k k l xm ?
44
60
EN
IPA
C, hi hi.
k , h h .
EN
Your shoes are nice. Are they new?
VNN
61
IPA
Giy cu p y. Giy mi ?
z k p . z m aa ?
EN
Yes, they are.
VNN
62
IPA
, phi.
, fa .
EN
Where's your mother? Is she at home?
VNN
63
IPA
M cu u? B y c nh khng?
m k ? aa k aa xm ?
EN
Where are you from?
VNN
64
IPA
Cu ngi u?
k ?
EN
I'm from Canada.
VNN
65
Yes, a little.
VNN
IPA
Ti ngi Canada.
Canada
t oo kanadaa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
66
EN
IPA
EN
It's red.
IPA
Mu .
m .
EN
How old is Hassan?
VNN
68
IPA
Hassan bao nhiu tui?

Hassan
() aa i t u ?
EN
He's twenty-four (24).
VNN
69
IPA
Anh y hai mi t.
haa m t .
EN
How are your parents?
VNN
70
IPA
B m cu kho khng?
o m k xw xm ?
EN
They're doing fine.
VNN
71
What color is your car?

Xe hi ca cu mu g?
s h ku k m ii ?
VNN
67
45
VNN
IPA
H n c.
h on ka .
46
72
EN
IPA
EN
They're a dollar. They're a buck. They're a pound. They're a euro.
IPA
Gi mt dollar.
dollar
za mot zollar .
EN
This hotel isn't very good. Why is it so expensive?
VNN
74
IPA
Ci khch sn ny ch tt lm. Ti sao n li t th?
ka xk san n a t ot lm . t a saa n la t t e ?
EN
What's your phone number?
VNN
75
IPA
S in thoi ca cu l g?
so in t wa ku k laa ii ?
EN
Who's that man?
VNN
76
IPA
Ngi n ng kia l ai th?
aan m kii laa aa t e ?
EN
He's the boss.
VNN
77
These postcards are nice. How much are they?

My ci bu thip ny p th. Bao nhiu tin y?
m ka t ip n p t e . aa i t in ?
VNN
73
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
ng y l ng ch.
m laa m u .
ENVNN
78
EN
IPA
EN
She's in the bathroom.
IPA
C y trong nh tm.
koo m aa t m .
EN
How's your father?
VNN
80
IPA
B cu kho khng?
o k xw xm ?
EN
He's doing great.
VNN
81
IPA
B ti rt kho.
o t oo zt xw .
EN
Are you tired?
VNN
82
IPA
Cu c mt khng?
k k met xm ?
EN
Yes, I am.
VNN
83
Where's your friend?

Bn cu u ri?
an k zoo ?
VNN
79
47
VNN
IPA
C.
k .
48
84
EN
IPA
Cu c i khng?
k k xm ?
EN
No, but I'm thirsty.
VNN
85
IPA
Khng, nhng ti kht.
xm , t oo xat .
EN
Is your friend Chinese?
VNN
86
IPA
Bn cu ngi Trung Quc phi khng?
an k m kuk fa xm ?
EN
Yes, he is.
VNN
87
IPA
Phi.
fa .
EN
Are these your keys?
VNN
88
IPA
Chm cha kho ca cu y ng khng?
uum ii xwa ku k m xm ?
EN
Yes, they are.
VNN
89
Are you hungry?
VNN
IPA
Phi.
fa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
90
EN
IPA
EN
No, it isn't.
IPA
Khng phi.
xm fa .
EN
Where's the camera?
VNN
92
IPA
My nh u?
m ?
EN
It's in your bag.
VNN
93
IPA
N trong ti.
n m t u .
EN
Is your car blue?
VNN
94
IPA
Xe hi cu mu xanh lam ng khng?
s h k m s laam m xm ?
EN
No, it's black.
VNN
95
That's my seat.
y l ch ca ti.
laa oo ku t oo .
VNN
91
49
VNN
IPA
Khng, n mu en.
xm , n m n .
50
96
EN
IPA
Lisa l ngi Toronto ?

LisaToronto
() laa () aa ?
EN
No, she's American.
VNN
97
IPA
Khng, c y l ngi M.
xm , koo laa mii .
EN
Am I late?
VNN
98
IPA
Ti c b mun khng?
t oo k i mun xm ?
EN
Yes, you are.
VNN
99
IPA
C.
k .
EN
Where's Layla from?
VNN
100
IPA
Layla ngi u th?

Layla
() t e ?
EN
She's from London.
VNN
101
Is Lisa from Toronto?
VNN
IPA
C y ngi Lun n
koo lwn oon .
ENVNN
ENVNN
102
EN
IPA
EN
It's black.
IPA
N mu en.
n m n .
EN
Are you hungry?
VNN
104
IPA
Cu c i khng?
k k xm ?
EN
No, I'm not.
VNN
105
IPA
Khng.
xm .
EN
How's John?
VNN
106
IPA
John c kho khng?

John
() k xw xm ?
EN
He's fine.
VNN
107
What color is your bag?

Ti ca cu mu g?
t u ku k m ii ?
VNN
103
51
VNN
IPA
Anh y kho.
xw .
52
108
EN
IPA
Ngi ph n kia l ai th?
fu n kii laa aa t e ?
EN
She's my sister.
VNN
109
IPA
Ch y l ch gi ti.
i laa i a t oo .
EN
Is your mother at home?
VNN
110
IPA
M cu c nh khng?
m k k aa xm ?
EN
How are your parents?
VNN
111
IPA
B m cu kho khng?
o m k xw xm ?
EN
Is your job interesting?
VNN
112
IPA
Cng vic ca cu c thch khng?
km vik ku k k t k xm ?
EN
Are the stores open today?
VNN
113
Who's that woman?
VNN
IPA
Hm nay hng qun c m ca khng?
hoom n haa kuan k m k xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
114
EN
IPA
EN
Are you interested in sports?
IPA
Cu c thch th thao khng?
k k t k t e t aa xm ?
EN
Is the post office near here?
VNN
116
IPA
Bu in c gn y khng?
in k n xm ?
EN
Are your children at school?
VNN
117
IPA
My a nh cu i hc c ?
m aa k ii hkp ka aa ?
EN
Why are you late?
VNN
118
IPA
Ti sao cu n mun?
t a saa k en mun ?
EN
How are your children?
VNN
119
Where are you from?

Cu ngi u?
k ?
VNN
115
53
VNN
IPA
My a nh cu kho khng?
m aa k xw xm ?
54
120
EN
IPA
Bn n kho.
n n xw .
EN
Where's the bus stop?
VNN
121
IPA
Bn xe bus u th?
bus
en s us t e ?
EN
At the stoplight.
VNN
122
IPA
ch n xanh n .
oo n s n .
EN
How old are your children?
VNN
123
IPA
My a nh cu bao nhiu tui?
m aa k aa i t u ?
EN
Five (5), seven (7), and ten (10).
VNN
124
IPA
Nm, by, mi.
nm , , m .
EN
How much are these oranges?
VNN
125
They're fine.
VNN
IPA
Ch cam ny gi bao nhiu?
oo kaam n za aa i ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
126
EN
IPA
EN
What's your favorite sport?
IPA
Mn th thao a thch ca cu l g?
moon t e t aa t k ku k laa ii ?
EN
My favorite sport is skiing.
VNN
128
IPA
Mn th thao a thch ca ti l trt tuyt?
moon t e t aa t k ku t oo laa t t wit ?
EN
Who's the man in this photo?
VNN
129
IPA
Ngi n ng trong nh ny l ai th?
aan m m n laa aa t e ?
EN
That's my father.
VNN
130
IPA
l b ti.
laa o t oo .
EN
What color are your new shoes?
VNN
131
A dollar fifty a pound ($1.50/lb). They're 2.3 Euros a kilo.

Mt dollar ri mt pound.
dollarpound
mot zollar z mot pound .
VNN
127
55
VNN
IPA
i giy mi ca cu mu g?
oo z m ku k m ii ?
56
132
EN
IPA
N mu en.
n m n .
EN
What's your name?
VNN
133
IPA
Cu tn l g?
k t een laa ii ?
EN
I'm Brian.
VNN
134
IPA
Ti l Brian.
Brian
t oo laa () .
EN
Are you Australian?
VNN
135
IPA
Cu l ngi c ng khng?
k laa kp m xm ?
EN
No, I'm Canadian.
VNN
136
IPA
Khng, ti l ngi Canada.

Canada
xm , t oo laa kanadaa .
EN
How old are you?
VNN
137
They're black.
VNN
IPA
Cu bao nhiu tui?
k aa i t u ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
138
EN
IPA
EN
Are you a teacher?
IPA
Cu lm gio vin ng khng?
k laam za vin m xm ?
EN
No, I'm a doctor.
VNN
140
IPA
Khng, ti lm bc s.
xm , t oo laam ak sii .
EN
Are you married?
VNN
141
IPA
Cu kt hn cha?
k ket hoon ?
EN
Yes, I am.
VNN
142
IPA
Ri.
zoo .
EN
Is your wife a doctor?
VNN
143
I'm thirty-three.
Ti ba mi ba.
t oo aa m aa .
VNN
139
57
VNN
IPA
V cu lm bc s phi khng?
v k laam ak sii fa xm ?
58
144
EN
IPA
Khng, c y lm gio vin.
xm , koo laam za vin .
EN
Where is she from?
VNN
145
IPA
C y ngi u?
koo ?
EN
She's from Mexico.
VNN
146
IPA
C y ngi Mexico.
Mexico
koo () .
EN
What's her name?
VNN
147
IPA
C y tn l g?
koo t een laa ii ?
EN
Her name is Barbara.
VNN
148
IPA
Tn c y l
t een koo laa .
EN
How old is she?
VNN
149
No, she's a teacher.
VNN
IPA
C y bao nhiu tui?
koo aa i t u ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
150
EN
IPA
EN
Are you married? No, I'm not.
IPA
Cu kt hn cha? - Ti cha.
k ket hoon ? - t oo .
EN
Are you thirsty? Yes, I am.
VNN
152
IPA
Cu c kht khng? - C.
k k xat xm ? - k .
EN
Is it cold today? No, it isn't.
VNN
153
IPA
Hm nay tri c lnh khng? - Khng lnh.
hoom n k l xm ? - xm l .
EN
Are your hands cold? No, they aren't.
VNN
154
IPA
Tay cu c lnh khng? - Khng.
t k k l xm ? - xm .
EN
Is it dark now? Yes, it is.
VNN
155
She's twenty-six (26).

C y hai mi su.
koo haa m s .
VNN
151
59
VNN
IPA
By gi tri c ti khng? - Khng.
z k t o xm ? - xm .
60
156
EN
IPA
Cu lm gio vin ? - ng.
k laam za vin aa ? - m .
EN
I'm working. I'm not watching TV.
VNN
157
IPA
Ti ang lm vic. Ti khng xem v tuyn.
t oo aa laam vik . t oo xm sm voo t win .
EN
Barbara is reading a newspaper.
VNN
158
IPA
Barbara ang c bo.

Barbara
() aa kp a .
EN
She isn't eating.
VNN
159
IPA
C y ang khng n.
koo aa xm n .
EN
The phone is ringing.
VNN
160
IPA
in thoi ang ku.
in t wa aa kee .
EN
We're having dinner.
VNN
161
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am.
VNN
IPA
Chng ti ang n ti.
m t oo aa n t o .
ENVNN
ENVNN
162
EN
IPA
EN
The children are doing their homework.
IPA
Bn tr con ang lm bi v nh.
n kn aa laam aa vee aa .
EN
Please be quiet. I'm working.
VNN
164
IPA
Lm n trt t. Ti ang lm vic.
laam n t t . t oo aa laam vik .
EN
The weather's nice. It's not raining.
VNN
165
IPA
Tri ang p. Khng c ma.
aa p . xm k m .
EN
Where are the children? They're playing in the park.
VNN
166
You're not listening to me.

Cu ang khng nghe ti.
k aa xm t oo .
VNN
163
61
VNN
IPA
Bn tr con u? - Bn n ang chi ngoi cng vin.
n kn ? - n n aa waa km vin .
62
167
EN
VNN
IPA
168
EN
EN
She's eating an apple.
IPA
C y ang n to.
koo aa n t a .
EN
He's waiting for a bus.
VNN
IPA
Anh y ang i xe bus.

bus
aa s us .
EN
They're playing football.
VNN
171
I'm not watching TV.
IPA
170
Chng ti ang n cm. Ti gi cho cu sau c khng?
m t oo aa n km . t oo k s k
xm ?
Ti ang khng xem v tuyn.
t oo aa xm sm voo t win .
VNN
169
We're having dinner now. Can I call you later?
VNN
IPA
H ang bng.
h aa a m .
ENVNN
ENVNN
172
EN
IPA
EN
We're eating breakfast.
IPA
Chng ti ang n sng.
m t oo aa n sa .
EN
She's sitting on the table.
VNN
174
IPA
C y ang ngi trn bn.
koo aa oo een aan .
EN
He's in the kitchen. He's cooking.
VNN
175
IPA
Anh y trong bp. Anh y ang nu n.
m ep . aa n n .
EN
You stepped on my foot. I'm sorry.
VNN
176
IPA
Cu gim ln chn ti. - Ti xin li.
k zm leen n t oo . - t oo siin loo .
EN
Somebody is swimming in the river.
VNN
177
He's lying on the floor.

Anh y ang nm di sn.
aa nm z saan .
VNN
173
63
VNN
IPA
C ngi ang bi di sng.
k aa z sm .
64
178
EN
VNN
IPA
179
EN
They're building a new hotel downtown.
IPA
H ang xy mt khch sn khu trung tm.
h aa s mot xk san xuu m t m .
EN
I'm leaving now, goodbye.
IPA
Ti i y, tm bit.
t oo ii , t am it .
EN
She isn't having dinner.
VNN
182
Where's Tara? She's taking a shower.
EN
VNN
181
Chng ti i ngh y. Chng ti ang trong khch sn bn

bi bin.
m t oo ii i . m t oo aa m xk san
een aa in .
IPA
180
We're here on vacation. We're staying at a hotel on the beach.
Tara u? - C y ang tm.

Tara
() ? - koo aa t m .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
C y ang khng n ti.
koo aa xm n t o .
ENVNN
183
EN
IPA
EN
She's sitting on the floor.
IPA
C y ang ngi di sn.
koo aa oo z saan .
EN
She's reading a book.
VNN
185
IPA
C y ang c sch.
koo aa kp sk .
EN
He's not playing the piano.
VNN
186
IPA
Anh y ang khng chi dng cm.
aa xm z km .
EN
He's laughing.
VNN
187
IPA
Anh y ang ci.
aa k .
EN
He's wearing a hat.
VNN
188
She's watching TV.

C y ang xem v tuyn.
koo aa sm voo t win .
VNN
184
65
VNN
IPA
Anh y ang i m.
aa o muu .
66
189
EN
IPA
Anh y ang khng vit th.
aa xm vit t .
EN
I'm not washing my hair.
VNN
190
IPA
Ti ang khng gi u.
t oo aa xm o .
EN
It isn't snowing.
VNN
191
IPA
Tri ang khng c tuyt.
aa xm k t wit .
EN
I'm sitting on a chair.
VNN
192
IPA
Ti ang ngi trn gh.
t oo aa oo een e .
EN
I'm not eating.
VNN
193
IPA
Ti ang khng n.
t oo aa xm n .
EN
It's raining.
VNN
194
He's not writing a letter.
VNN
IPA
Tri ang ma.
aa m .
ENVNN
ENVNN
195
EN
IPA
EN
I'm listening to music.
IPA
Ti ang nghe nhc.
t oo aa ak .
EN
The sun isn't shining.
VNN
197
IPA
Mt tri ang khng chiu sng.
mt aa xm i sa .
EN
I'm wearing my shoes.
VNN
198
IPA
Ti ang i giy.
t oo aa ii z .
EN
I'm not reading the newspaper.
VNN
199
IPA
Ti ang khng c bo.
t oo aa xm kp a .
EN
Are you feeling okay?
VNN
200
I'm not studying english.

Ti ang khng hc ting Anh.
t oo aa xm hkp t i .
VNN
196
67
VNN
IPA
Cu cm thy khng sao ch?
k kam t xm saa ?
68
201
EN
IPA
, ti khng sao.
, t oo xm saa .
EN
Is it raining?
VNN
202
IPA
Tri c ma khng?
k m xm ?
EN
Yes, take an umbrella.
VNN
203
IPA
C, mang theo i.
k , maa () oo ii .
EN
Why are you wearing a coat?
VNN
204
IPA
Sao cu mc o khoc lm g?
saa k mk a xwak laam ii ?
EN
It's not cold.
VNN
205
IPA
Tri u c lnh.
k l .
EN
What's he doing?
VNN
206
Yes, I'm fine.
VNN
IPA
Anh y ang lm g th?
aa laam ii t e ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
207
EN
IPA
EN
What are the children doing?
IPA
Bn tr ang lm g?
n aa laam ii ?
EN
They're watching TV.
VNN
209
IPA
Chng n ang xem TV.

tv
m n aa sm t V .
EN
Where's she going?
VNN
210
IPA
C y i u vy?
koo ii v ?
EN
Who are you waiting for?
VNN
211
IPA
Cu ang i ai th?
k aa aa t e ?
EN
Are you waiting for John?
VNN
212
He's reading the newspaper.

Anh y ang c bo.
aa kp a .
VNN
208
69
VNN
IPA
Cu ang i John ?
John
k aa () aa ?
70
213
EN
IPA
Cu i by gi ?
k ii z ?
EN
Yes, I am.
VNN
214
IPA
, ti i y.
, t oo ii .
EN
Is Chris working today?
VNN
215
IPA
Chris c lm hm nay khng?

Chris
() k laam hoom n xm ?
EN
No, he isn't.
VNN
216
IPA
Khng.
xm .
EN
Is the sun shining?
VNN
217
IPA
Tri c nng khng?
k n xm ?
EN
Yes, it is.
VNN
218
Are you leaving now?
VNN
IPA
C.
k .
ENVNN
ENVNN
219
EN
IPA
EN
No, they're staying with me.
IPA
Khng, h ang vi ti.
xm , h aa v t oo .
EN
Are you watching TV?
VNN
221
IPA
Cu ang xem v tuyn ?
k aa sm voo t win aa ?
EN
No, you can turn it off.
VNN
222
IPA
Khng, cu c tt n i.
xm , k k t t n ii .
EN
Are you leaving now?
VNN
223
IPA
Cu i by gi ?
k ii z ?
EN
Yes, see you tomorrow.
VNN
224
Are your friends staying at a hotel?

Bn cu ang khch sn ?
an k aa xk san aa ?
VNN
220
71
VNN
IPA
, hn mai gp li cu.
, hn maa p la k .
72
225
EN
IPA
Tri c ma khng?
k m xm ?
EN
No, not right now.
VNN
226
IPA
Khng, by gi th khng.
xm , z t ii xm .
EN
Are you enjoying the movie?
VNN
227
IPA
Cu ang thng thc b film y ?

film
k aa t t k o film aa ?
EN
Yes, it's very funny.
VNN
228
IPA
, xem vui lm.
, sm vuu lm .
EN
Does the clock work?
VNN
229
IPA
ng h c chy khng?
m hoo k xm ?
EN
No, it's broken.
VNN
230
Is it raining?
VNN
IPA
Khng, n hng ri.
xm , n hm zoo .
ENVNN
ENVNN
231
EN
IPA
EN
No, I'm waiting for a taxi.
IPA
Khng, ti ang i taxi.

taxi
xm , t oo aa t axii .
EN
What are you reading?
VNN
233
IPA
Cu ang c ci g th?
k aa kp ka ii t e ?
EN
Where is she going?
VNN
234
IPA
C y ang i u y?
koo aa ii ?
EN
What are you eating?
VNN
235
IPA
Cu ang n g vy?
k aa n ii v ?
EN
Why are you crying?
VNN
236
Are you waiting for a bus?

Cu ang i xe bus ?
bus
k aa s us aa ?
VNN
232
73
VNN
IPA
Ti sao cu khc?
t a saa k xkp ?
74
237
EN
IPA
H ang nhn g th?
h aa ii n ii t e ?
EN
Why is he laughing?
VNN
238
IPA
Ti sao anh y ci?
t a saa k ?
EN
Are you listening to me?
VNN
239
IPA
Cu c ang nghe ti khng y?
k k aa t oo xm ?
EN
Where are your friends going?
VNN
240
IPA
Bn cu ang i u vy?
an k aa ii v ?
EN
Are your parents watching TV?
VNN
241
IPA
B m cu ang xem v tuyn ?
o m k aa sm voo t win aa ?
EN
What's Claire cooking?
VNN
242
What are they looking at?
VNN
IPA
Claire ang nu ci g th?

Claire
() aa n ka ii t e ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
243
EN
IPA
EN
Is the bus coming?
IPA
Xe bus ang n ?
bus
s us aa en aa ?
EN
Are you watching TV?
VNN
245
IPA
Cu ang xem v tuyn ?
k aa sm voo t win aa ?
EN
No, I'm not.
VNN
246
IPA
Khng.
xm .
EN
Are you wearing a watch?
VNN
247
IPA
Cu ang eo ng h ?
k aa m hoo aa ?
EN
No, I'm not.
VNN
248
Why are you looking at me?

Ti sao cu li nhn ti?
t a saa k la ii n t oo ?
VNN
244
75
VNN
IPA
Khng.
xm .
76
249
EN
IPA
Anh y ang n g phi khng?
aa n ii fa xm ?
EN
No, he isn't.
VNN
250
IPA
Khng.
xm .
EN
Is it raining?
VNN
251
IPA
Tri ang ma ?
aa m aa ?
EN
No, it isn't.
VNN
252
IPA
Khng.
xm .
EN
Are you sitting on the floor?
VNN
253
IPA
Cu ang ngi di sn ?
k aa oo z saan aa ?
EN
Yes, I am.
VNN
254
Is he eating something?
VNN
IPA
Phi.
fa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
255
EN
IPA
EN
No, I'm not.
IPA
Khng n.
xm on .
EN
They're looking at their books.
VNN
257
IPA
H ang nhn ch sch ca h.
h aa ii n oo sk ku h .
EN
They read a lot.
VNN
258
IPA
H hay c sch.
h h kp sk .
EN
He's eating ice cream.
VNN
259
IPA
Anh y ang n kem.
aa n km .
EN
He likes ice cream.
VNN
260
Are you feeling all right?

Cu cm thy n ch?
k kam t on ?
VNN
256
77
VNN
IPA
Anh y thch kem.
t k km .
78
261
EN
IPA
Ti lm vic vn phng.
t oo laam vik vn fm .
EN
My brother works in a bank.
VNN
262
IPA
Em trai ti lm vic ngn hng.
m aa t oo laam vik n haa .
EN
She lives in New York.
VNN
263
IPA
C y sng New York.

New York
koo sm () () .
EN
Her parents live in Chicago.
VNN
264
IPA
B m c y sng Chicago.
Chicago
o m koo sm () .
EN
It rains a lot in the winter.
VNN
265
IPA
Ma ng tri ma nhiu.
muu m m i .
EN
Mike has lunch at home every day.
VNN
266
I work in an office.
VNN
IPA
Mike n tra nh hng ngy.

Mike
() n aa haa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
267
EN
IPA
EN
Your English is good.
IPA
Ting Anh ca cu tt.
t i ku k t ot .
EN
You speak English very well.
VNN
269
IPA
Cu ni ting Anh rt tt.
k n t i zt t ot .
EN
Minoru works very hard.
VNN
270
IPA
Minoru rt chu kh lm vic.

Minoru
() zt i x laam vik .
EN
He starts at seven thirty (7:30).
VNN
271
IPA
Anh y bt u t by gi ba mi.
t t z aa m .
EN
And he finishes at eight [o'clock] (8:00) at night.
VNN
272
I like big cities.

Ti thch nhng thnh ph ln.
t oo t k t fo ln .
VNN
268
79
VNN
IPA
V anh y xong xui lc tm gi ti.
vaa sm su lkp t am z t o .
80
273
EN
IPA
Tri t quay quanh mt tri.
a t kw kw mt .
EN
We do a lot of different things in our free time.
VNN
274
IPA
Chng ti lm rt nhiu th khc nhau lc rnh ri.
m t oo laam zt i t xak lkp z zoo .
EN
It costs a lot of money.
VNN
275
IPA
Gi n tn nhiu tin.
za n t on i t in .
EN
She always goes to work early.
VNN
276
IPA
C y lun i lm sm.
koo lun ii laam sm .
EN
She always gets to work early.
VNN
277
IPA
C y lun n c quan sm.
koo lun en k kwaan sm .
EN
We often sleep late on weekends.
VNN
278
The earth goes around the sun.
VNN
IPA
Chng ti thng ng mun vo cui tun.
m t oo t u mun vaa ku t wn .
ENVNN
ENVNN
279
EN
IPA
EN
I sometimes walk to work, but not often.
IPA
Thnh thong ti i b i lm, nhng khng thng xuyn.
t t wa t oo ii o ii laam , xm t swin .
EN
She reads.
VNN
281
IPA
C y c.
koo kp .
EN
He thinks.
VNN
282
IPA
Anh y ngh.
ii .
EN
It flies.
VNN
283
IPA
N bay.
n .
EN
He dances.
VNN
284
Megumi usually plays tennis on Sundays.

Megumi thng chi qun vt vo cc ch nht.
Megumi
() t kwn vt vaa kak u t .
VNN
280
81
VNN
IPA
Anh y khiu v.
xi vuu .
82
285
EN
IPA
C y c.
koo k .
EN
It finishes.
VNN
286
IPA
Xong ri.
sm zoo .
EN
He plays the piano.
VNN
287
IPA
Anh y chi dng cm.
z km .
EN
They live in a very big house.
VNN
288
IPA
H sng trong cn nh rt ln.
h sm m kn aa zt ln .
EN
She eats a lot of fruit.
VNN
289
IPA
C y n nhiu hoa qu.
koo n i hwaa kua .
EN
He plays tennis.
VNN
290
She has.
VNN
IPA
Anh y chi qun vt.
kwn vt .
ENVNN
ENVNN
291
EN
IPA
EN
He sleeps seven (7) hours a night.
IPA
Anh y ng by ting mt m.
u t i mot eem .
EN
She speaks four (4) languages.
VNN
293
IPA
C y ni bn th ting.
koo n on t t i .
EN
Banks usually open at nine (9:00) in the morning.
VNN
294
IPA
Ngn hng thng m ca lc chn gi sng.
n haa t m k lkp i n z sa .
EN
The museum closes at five (5) in the afternoon.
VNN
295
IPA
Bo tng ng ca lc nm gi chiu.
a t aa m k lkp nm z i .
EN
She's a teacher. She teaches math to children.
VNN
296
We go to the movies a lot.

Chng ti i xem film nhiu.
film
m t oo ii sm film i .
VNN
292
83
VNN
IPA
C y l gio vin. C y dy ton cho bn tr.
koo laa za vin . koo z t wan n .
84
297
EN
VNN
IPA
298
EN
VNN
IPA
299
EN
His car is always dirty. He never cleans it.

Xe hi ca anh y lc no cng bn. Anh y chng bao gi chu
ra xe.
s h ku lkp naa km n . aa z
i z s .
Food is expensive. It costs a lot of money.
EN
Shoes are expensive. They cost a lot of money.
IPA
Giy t, tn nhiu tin.
z t , t on i t in .
EN
Water boils at one hundred degrees (100) Celsius.
VNN
301
Cng vic ca ti rt th v. Ti c gp nhiu ngi.
km vik ku t oo zt t u vi . t oo k p i
.
IPA
300
My job is very interesting. I meet a lot of people.
n t, tn nhiu tin.
oo n t , t on i t in .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Nc si mt trm C.
C
nk soo mot m o k .
ENVNN
302
EN
IPA
EN
She always arrives early.
IPA
C y lun n sm.
koo lun en sm .
EN
I never go to the movies alone.
VNN
304
IPA
Ti khng bao gi i xem film mt mnh.

film
t oo xm aa z ii sm film mot m .
EN
She always works hard.
VNN
305
IPA
C y lun chu kh lm vic.
koo lun i x laam vik .
EN
Children usually like chocolate.
VNN
306
IPA
Bn tr thng thch chocolat.

chocolat
n t t k ocolaat .
EN
She always enjoys parties.
VNN
307
We're good friends. I like her and she likes me.

Chng ti l bn tt. Ti qu c y v c y qu ti.
m t oo laa an t ot . t oo kwi koo vaa koo kwi t oo .
VNN
303
85
VNN
IPA
C y thch tic tng.
koo t k t ik t m .
86
308
EN
IPA
Ti thng khng nh c tn mi ngi.
t oo t xm k t een m .
EN
He never watches TV.
VNN
309
IPA
Anh y khng xem v tuyn bao gi.
xm sm voo t win aa z .
EN
We usually have dinner at six thirty (6:30).
VNN
310
IPA
Chng ti thng n ti lc su gi ba mi.
m t oo t n t o lkp s z aa m .
EN
She always wears nice clothes.
VNN
311
IPA
C y lun n mc p.
koo lun n mk p .
EN
I usually watch TV in the evening.
VNN
312
IPA
Ti thng xem v tuyn vo bui ti.
t oo t sm voo t win vaa u t o .
EN
I never read in bed.
VNN
313
I often forget people's names.
VNN
IPA
Ti khng bao gi c trn ging.
t oo xm aa z kp een z .
ENVNN
ENVNN
314
EN
IPA
EN
I always go to work by bus.
IPA
Ti lun i lm bng xe bus.

bus
t oo lun ii laam s us .
EN
I usually go to school by bus.
VNN
316
IPA
Ti thng i hc bng xe bus.

bus
t oo t ii hkp s us .
EN
I always drink coffee in the morning.
VNN
317
IPA
Ti lun ung c ph vo bui sng.
t oo lun u kaa fee vaa u sa .
EN
She doesn't drink coffee.
VNN
318
IPA
C y khng ung c ph.
koo xm u kaa fee .
EN
He doesn't like his job.
VNN
319
I often get up before seven (7:00).

Ti thng dy trc by gi.
t oo t z k z .
VNN
315
87
VNN
IPA
Anh y khng thch cng vic ca mnh.
xm t k km vik ku m .
88
320
EN
IPA
Ti ung c ph, nhng ti khng ung tr.
t oo u kaa fee , t oo xm u aa .
EN
She drinks tea, but she doesn't drink coffee.
VNN
321
IPA
C y ung tr, nhng c y khng ung c ph.
koo u aa , koo xm u kaa fee .
EN
You don't work very hard.
VNN
322
IPA
Cu khng lm vic qu nhiu.
k xm laam vik kua i .
EN
We don't watch TV very often.
VNN
323
IPA
Chng ti khng xem v tuyn thng xuyn.
m t oo xm sm voo t win t swin .
EN
The weather is usually nice.
VNN
324
IPA
Thi tit thng p.
t t it t p .
EN
It doesn't rain very often.
VNN
325
I drink coffee, but I don't drink tea.
VNN
IPA
Tri khng ma thng xuyn lm.
xm m t swin lm .
ENVNN
ENVNN
326
EN
IPA
EN
They don't have many friends.
IPA
H khng c nhiu bn.
h xm k i an .
EN
I don't like football.
VNN
328
IPA
Ti khng thch bng bu dc.
t oo xm t k m zkp .
EN
He doesn't like football.
VNN
329
IPA
Anh y khng thch bng bu dc.
xm t k m zkp .
EN
I don't like him, and he doesn't like me.
VNN
330
They don't know many people.

H khng bit nhiu ngi.
h xm it i .
VNN
327
89
VNN
IPA
Ti khng thch anh ta, v anh ta cng khng thch ti.
t oo xm t k t aa , vaa t aa km xm t k
t oo .
90
331
EN
IPA
EN
Sometimes he's late, but not often.
332
IPA
Thnh thong anh y c i mun, nhng khng thng xuyn.
t t wa k ii mun , xm t swin .
EN
I don't like to wash the car.
VNN
333
IPA
Ti khng thch ra xe.
t oo xm t k z s .
EN
I don't do it very often.
VNN
334
IPA
Ti khng lm th thng xuyn lm.
t oo xm laam t e t swin lm .
EN
She speaks Spanish, but she doesn't speak Italian.
VNN
335
IPA
C y ni ting Ty Ban Nha, nhng c y khng ni ting .
koo n t i t aan aa , koo xm n t i i .
EN
He doesn't do his job very well.
VNN
336
My car doesn't use much gas.

Xe hi ca ti khng tn nhiu xng.
xng
s h ku t oo xm t on i s .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Anh y lm vic khng tt lm.
laam vik xm t ot lm .
ENVNN
337
EN
IPA
EN
I don't play the piano very well.
IPA
Ti chi dng cm khng gii lm.
t oo z km xm z lm .
EN
She doesn't play the piano very well.
VNN
339
IPA
C y chi dng cm khng gii lm.
koo z km xm z lm .
EN
They don't know my phone number.
VNN
340
IPA
H khng bit s in thoi ca ti.
h xm it so in t wa ku t oo .
EN
We don't work very hard.
VNN
341
IPA
Chng ti khng lm vic qu nhiu.
m t oo xm laam vik kua i .
EN
David doesn't have a car.
VNN
342
She doesn't usually have breakfast.

C y thng khng n sng.
koo t xm n sa .
VNN
338
91
VNN
IPA
David khng c xe hi.

David
() xm k s h .
92
343
EN
IPA
EN
They like classical music.
IPA
H thch nhc c in.
h t k ak ko in .
EN
She doesn't like jazz music.
VNN
345
IPA
C y khng thch nhc jazz.

jazz
koo xm t k ak jazz .
EN
I like rock and roll music.
VNN
346
IPA
Ti thch nhc rock and roll.

rock and roll
t oo t k ak () () () .
EN
They don't like boxing.
VNN
347
IPA
H khng thch quyn Anh.
h xm t k kwin .
EN
She doesn't like baseball.
VNN
348
You don't do the same thing every day.

Khng phi ngy no cu cng lm cng mt vic.
xm fa naa k km laam km mot vik .
VNN
344
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
C y khng thch bng chy.
koo xm t k m .
ENVNN
349
EN
IPA
EN
They like horror movies.
IPA
H thch film kinh d.

film
h t k film k zi .
EN
She doesn't like action movies.
VNN
351
IPA
C y khng thch film hnh ng.

film
koo xm t k film h m .
EN
I like romantic movies.
VNN
352
IPA
Ti thch film tnh cm.

film
t oo t k film t kam .
EN
I never watch TV.
VNN
353
IPA
Ti khng bao gi xem v tuyn.
t oo xm aa z sm voo t win .
EN
I don't watch TV very often.
VNN
354
I like tennis.
Ti thch qun vt.
t oo t k kwn vt .
VNN
350
93
VNN
IPA
Ti khng xem v tuyn thng xuyn lm.
t oo xm sm voo t win t swin lm .
94
355
EN
IPA
EN
She likes to ride her bicycle every day.
356
IPA
C y thch p xe p hng ngy.
koo t k ap s ap haa .
EN
They always like to eat in restaurants.
VNN
357
IPA
H lun thch i n nh hng.
h lun t k ii n aa haa .
EN
I never like to travel by train.
VNN
358
IPA
Ti khng bao gi thch i bng tu ho.
t oo xm aa z t k ii t hwa .
EN
I get the news every day, but sometimes I don't read it.
VNN
359
I don't like to go to bars very often.

Ti khng i bar thng xuyn lm.
bar
t oo xm ii ar t swin lm .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Ti nhn c tin tc hng ngy nhng thnh thong ti khng

c.
t oo n k t iin t k haa t t wa t oo
xm kp .
ENVNN
360
EN
VNN
IPA
361
EN
VNN
IPA
362
EN
Anh y c xe hi nhng anh y khng dng n thng xuyn.
k s h xm zm n t swin
.
His friends like the movies, but they usually watch movies at
home.
Bn anh y thch xem film in nh, nhng h thng xem
nh.
film
an t k sm film in , h t sm
aa .
She's married, but she doesn't wear a ring.
IPA
EN
I don't know much about politics. I'm not interested in it.
VNN
IPA
364
He has a car, but he doesn't use it very often.
C y kt hn nhng c y khng eo nhn.
koo aa ket hoon koo xm n .
VNN
363
95
EN
VNN
IPA
Ti khng bit nhiu v chnh tr. Ti khng quan tm n n.
t oo xm it i vee i . t oo xm kwaan t m
en n .
This hotel isn't expensive. It doesn't cost much to stay there.
Khch sn ny khng t. Khng phi tn nhiu tin y.
xk san n xm t . xm fa t on i t in e
.
96
365
EN
VNN
IPA
366
EN
I don't like my job. It's very boring.
IPA
Ti khng thch cng vic ca ti. N chn lm.
t oo xm t k km vik ku t oo . n an lm .
EN
Where is he? I'm sorry, I don't know.
IPA
Anh y u? - Xin li, ti khng bit.
? - siin loo , t oo xm it .
EN
She's a very quiet person. She doesn't talk very much.
VNN
369
She speaks four (4) languages.
EN
VNN
368
Anh y sng gn chng ti nhng chng ti khng gp anh y

thng xuyn lm.
sm n m t oo m t oo xm p
t swin lm .
IPA
367
He lives near us, but we don't see him very often.
C y ni bn th ting.
koo n on t t i .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
C y l mt ngi rt trm lng. C y khng ni chuyn nhiu

lm.
koo laa mot zt m l . koo xm n

win i lm .
ENVNN
370
EN
IPA
EN
It's not true. I don't believe it.
IPA
iu y khng ng. Ti khng tin.
i xm m . t oo xm t iin .
EN
That's a very beautiful picture. I like it a lot.
VNN
372
IPA
Bc tranh kia rt p. Ti rt thch n.
k kii zt p . t oo zt t k n .
EN
He's a vegetarian. He doesn't eat meat.
VNN
373
IPA
Anh y n chay. Anh y khng n tht.
n . xm n t i t .
EN
Do you work on Sunday?
VNN
374
IPA
Cu c lm vic Ch nht khng?
k k laam vik u t xm ?
EN
Do your friends live near here?
VNN
375
He drinks a lot of coffee. It's his favorite drink.

Anh y ung nhiu c ph. y l thc ung a thc ca anh y.
thc
u i kaa fee . laa t k u t c ku .
VNN
371
97
VNN
IPA
Cu c sng gn y khng?
k k sm n xm ?
98
376
EN
IPA
Emily c chi qun vt khng?

Emily
() k kwn vt xm ?
EN
Where do your parents live?
VNN
377
IPA
B m cu sng u?
o m k sm ?
EN
How often do you wash your hair?
VNN
378
IPA
Cu ra tay bao lu mt ln?
k z t aa l mot ln ?
EN
What does this word mean?
VNN
379
IPA
T ny ngha l g?
t n ii laa ii ?
EN
How much does it cost to fly to New York?
VNN
380
IPA
Bay n New York tn bao nhiu?

New York
en () () t on aa i ?
EN
Do you always have breakfast?
VNN
381
Does Emily play tennis?
VNN
IPA
Cu c lun lun n sng khng?
k k lun lun n sa xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
382
EN
IPA
EN
What do you usually do on weekends?
IPA
Cu thng lm g vo cui tun?
k t laam ii vaa ku t wn ?
EN
Do they like music?
VNN
384
IPA
H c thch m nhc khng?
h k t k m ak xm ?
EN
Does he like music?
VNN
385
IPA
Anh y c thch m nhc khng?
k t k m ak xm ?
EN
Do your parents speak English?
VNN
386
IPA
B m cu c ni ting Anh khng?
o m k k n t i xm ?
EN
Does your father work hard?
VNN
387
Does Wenjie ever call you?

Vn Kit c gi cu bao gi khng?
vn kit k k aa z xm ?
VNN
383
99
VNN
IPA
B cu c lm vic nhiu khng?
o k k laam vik i xm ?
100
388
EN
IPA
EN
I like chocolate. How about you? Do you like chocolate?
389
VNN
IPA
390
EN
VNN
IPA
391
EN
VNN
IPA
392
Does your sister live in Canada?

Em gi cu c sng Canada khng?
Canada
m a k k sm kanadaa xm ?
VNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Ti thch chocolat. Cu th sao? Cu c thch chocolat khng?

chocolatchocolat
t oo t k ocolaat . k t ii saa ? k k t k ocolaat
xm ?
I play tennis. How about you? Do you play tennis?
Ti chi qun vt. Cu th sao? Cu c chi qun vt khng?
t oo kwn vt . k t ii saa ? k k kwn vt

xm ?
You live near here. How about Fred? Does he live near here?
Cu sng gn y. Cn Fred th sao? Anh y c sng gn
y khng?
fred
k sm n . kn () t ii saa ? k sm
n xm ?
Jisang plays tennis. How about his friends? Do they play tennis?
Ch Tng chi qun vt. Cn bn anh y th sao? H c chi
qun vt khng?
i t kwn vt . kn an t ii saa ? h k
kwn vt xm ?
ENVNN
393
EN
VNN
IPA
394
EN
VNN
IPA
395
EN
VNN
IPA
396
EN
VNN
IPA
101
You speak English. How about your brother? Does he speak

English?
Cu ni ting Anh. Cn anh cu th sao? Anh y c ni ting
Anh khng?
k n t i . kn k t ii saa ? k n t i
xm ?
I do yoga every morning. How about you? Do you do yoga
every morning?
Ti sng no cng tp yoga. Cn cu th sao? Cu c tp yoga
mi sng khng?
yogayoga
t oo sa naa km t p yogaa . kn k t ii saa ? k k
t p yogaa moo sa xm ?
Yaqin often travels on business. How about Gary? Does he often
travel on business?
Nh Cm thng i cng tc. Cn Gary th sao? Anh y c hay
i cng tc khng?
Gary
aa km t ii km t ak . kn () t ii saa ?
k h ii km t ak xm ?
I want to be famous. How about you? Do you want to be
famous?
Ti mun ni ting. Cu th sao? Cu c mun ni ting khng?
t oo mun no t i . k t ii saa ? k k mun no t i

xm ?
102
397
EN
VNN
IPA
398
EN
Do you always get up early?
IPA
Cu c lun lun dy sm khng?
k k lun lun z sm xm ?
EN
How often do you watch TV?
IPA
Cu xem v tuyn bao lu mt ln?
k sm voo t win aa l mot ln ?
EN
What do you want for dinner?
VNN
401
Where do your parents live?
EN
VNN
400
Cu chu kh lm vic. Cn C Vin th sao? Anh y c chu

kh lm vic khng?
k i x laam vik . kn k vin t ii saa ? k

i x laam vik xm ?
IPA
399
You work hard. How about Heuiyeon? Does she work hard?
B m cu sng u?
o m k sm ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Cu mun n g vo ba ti?
k mun n ii vaa t o ?
ENVNN
402
EN
IPA
EN
Does your brother like football?
IPA
Em trai cu c thch bng bu dc khng?
m aa k k t k m zkp xm ?
EN
What do you do in your free time?
VNN
404
IPA
Cu lm g mi khi rnh ri?
k laam ii moo xii z zoo ?
EN
Where does your sister work?
VNN
405
IPA
Ch cu lm u?
i k laam ?
EN
Do you ever go to the movies?
VNN
406
IPA
Cu bao gi i xem film cha?

film
k aa aa z ii sm film ?
EN
What does this word mean?
VNN
407
Do you like football?

Cu c thch bng bu dc khng?
k k t k m zkp xm ?
VNN
403
103
VNN
IPA
T ny ngha l g?
t n ii laa ii ?
104
408
EN
IPA
y bao lu tuyt ri mt ln?
aa l t wit z mot ln ?
EN
What time do you usually go to bed?
VNN
409
IPA
Cu thng i ng my gi?
k t ii u m z ?
EN
How much does it cost to call Mexico?
VNN
410
IPA
Gi in n Mexico tn bao nhiu?

Mexico
in en () t on aa i ?
EN
What do you usually have for breakfast?
VNN
411
IPA
Cu thng n g vo ba sng?
k t n ii vaa sa ?
EN
Do you watch TV a lot? No, I don't.
VNN
412
IPA
Cu c xem v tuyn nhiu khng? - Khng.
k k sm voo t win i xm ? - xm .
EN
Do you live in a big city? No, I don't.
VNN
413
How often does it snow here?
VNN
IPA
Cu c sng thnh ph ln khng? - Khng.
k k sm t fo ln xm ? - xm .
ENVNN
ENVNN
414
EN
VNN
IPA
415
EN
VNN
IPA
416
EN
Cu i xe p bao gi cha? - Khng thng xuyn.
k aa ii s ap aa z ? - xm t
swin .
Does it rain a lot where you live? Not much.
Tri c ma nhiu ni cu sng khng? - Khng nhiu.
k m i n k sm xm ? - xm
i .
Do you play the piano? No, I don't.
IPA
EN
Zhirong's watching television.
IPA
Ch Vinh ang xem v tuyn.
i v aa sm voo t win .
EN
He's not playing the guitar.
VNN
418
Do you ever ride a bicycle? Not usually.
Cu c chi dng cm khng? - Khng.
k k z km xm ? - xm .
VNN
417
105
VNN
IPA
Anh y ang khng chi guitar.

guitar
aa xm uitar .
106
419
EN
IPA
Nhng Ch Vinh c mt cy n guitar.

guitar
i v k mot k aan uitar .
EN
He plays guitar a lot, and he plays very well.
VNN
420
IPA
Anh y chi guitar nhiu v anh y chi rt gii.

guitar
uitar i vaa zt z .
EN
Zhirong plays the guitar.
VNN
421
IPA
Ch Vinh chi guitar.

guitar
i v uitar .
EN
But he's not playing the guitar now.
VNN
422
IPA
Nhng by gi anh y ang khng chi guitar.

guitar
z aa xm uitar .
EN
Is Zhirong playing the guitar? No, he isn't.
VNN
423
IPA
Ch Vinh c ang chi guita khng? Khng.

guita
i v k aa uitaa xm ? xm .
EN
Does he play the guitar? Yes, he does.
VNN
424
But Zhirong has a guitar.
VNN
IPA
Ch Vinh c chi guitar khng? C.

guitar
i v k uitar xm ? k .
ENVNN
ENVNN
425
EN
IPA
EN
Yiting's taking a shower at the moment.
IPA
Y nh lc ny ang tm.
ii lkp n aa t m .
EN
Take an umbrella with you. It's raining.
VNN
427
IPA
Cu mang theo i. Tri ang ma.
k maa oo () ii . aa m .
EN
You can turn off the TV. I'm not watching it.
VNN
428
IPA
Cu c th tt v tuyn. Ti khng xem n.
k k t e t t voo t win . t oo xm sm n .
EN
Why are you under the table? What are you doing?
VNN
429
Please be quiet. I'm working.

Xin gi trt t. Ti ang lm vic.
siin z t t . t oo aa laam vik .
VNN
426
107
VNN
IPA
Tai sao cu di gm bn? Cu ang lm g th?
t aa saa k z m aan ? k aa laam ii t e ?
108
430
EN
VNN
IPA
431
EN
EN
It rains a lot in the winter.
IPA
Tri ma nhiu vo ma ng.
m i vaa muu m .
EN
VNN
IPA
EN
What do you usually do on weekends?
VNN
434
Howard takes a shower every morning.
IPA
433
Ti ngy no cng lm vic t chn gi n nm ri.
t oo naa km laam vik t i n z en nm

z .
Howard sng no cng tm.

Howard
() sa naa km t m .
VNN
432
I work every day from nine (9:00) to five-thirty (5:30).
VNN
IPA
Cu thng lm g vo cui tun?
k t laam ii vaa ku t wn ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
435
EN
IPA
EN
Do you love her?
IPA
Cu c yu c y khng?
k k i koo xm ?
EN
Do you want to know the answer?
VNN
437
IPA
Cu c mun bit cu tr li khng?
k k mun it k a l xm ?
EN
Do you understand me?
VNN
438
IPA
Cu c hiu ti khng?
k k hi t oo xm ?
EN
Do you remember that day?
VNN
439
IPA
Cu c nh ngy hm khng?
k k hoom xm ?
EN
It depends on you.
VNN
440
Do you like her?

Cu c thch c y khng?
k k t k koo xm ?
VNN
436
109
VNN
IPA
N tu thuc cu.
n t wii t uk k .
110
441
EN
IPA
Cu thch g?
k t k ii ?
EN
Do you hate me?
VNN
442
IPA
Cu c ght ti khng?
k k t t oo xm ?
EN
What do you need?
VNN
443
IPA
Cu cn g?
k kn ii ?
EN
What do you mean?
VNN
444
IPA
cu l g?
i k laa ii ?
EN
Do you believe me?
VNN
445
IPA
Cu c tin ti khng?
k k t iin t oo xm ?
EN
I don't believe you.
VNN
446
What do you prefer?
VNN
IPA
Ti khng tin cu.
t oo xm t iin k .
ENVNN
ENVNN
447
EN
IPA
EN
Does he take photographs?
IPA
Anh y c chp nh khng?
k up xm ?
EN
Is he taking a photograph?
VNN
449
IPA
Anh y c ang chp nh khng?
k aa up xm ?
EN
What's he doing now?
VNN
450
IPA
Anh y by gi ang lm g?
z aa laam ii ?
EN
Is she driving a bus?
VNN
451
IPA
C y c ang li xe bus khng?

bus
koo k aa la s us xm ?
EN
Does she drive a bus?
VNN
452
Do you forget the answer?

Cu c quyn cu tr li khng?
k k kwin k a l xm ?
VNN
448
111
VNN
IPA
C y c li xe bus khng?
bus
koo k la s us xm ?
112
453
EN
IPA
C y by gi ang lm g?
koo z aa laam ii ?
EN
Does he wash windows?
VNN
454
IPA
Anh y c ra ca s khng?
k z k so xm ?
EN
Is he washing a window?
VNN
455
IPA
Anh y c ang ra ca s khng?
k aa z k so xm ?
EN
What's he doing now?
VNN
456
IPA
Anh y ang lm g by gi?
aa laam ii z ?
EN
Are they teaching?
VNN
457
IPA
H c ang dy hc khng?
h k aa z hkp xm ?
EN
Do they teach?
VNN
458
What's she doing now?
VNN
IPA
H c dy hc khng?
h k z hkp xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
459
EN
IPA
EN
Excuse me, do you speak English?
IPA
Xin li, cu c ni ting Anh khng?
siin loo , k k n t i xm ?
EN
Where's Kelly? I don't know.
VNN
461
IPA
Kelly u? - Ti khng bit.

Kelly
() ? - t oo xm it .
EN
What's so funny? Why are you laughing?
VNN
462
IPA
C g vui? Sao cu li ci?
k ii vuu ? saa k la k ?
EN
What does your sister do? She's a dentist.
VNN
463
IPA
Ch cu lm ngh g? - Ch y lm nha s.
i k laam ee ii ? - i laam aa sii .
EN
It's raining. I don't want to go out in the rain.
VNN
464
What do they do?

H lm g?
h laam ii ?
VNN
460
113
VNN
IPA
Tri ang ma. Ti khng mun ra ngoi lc ma.
aa m . t oo xm mun zaa waa lkp m .
114
465
EN
IPA
EN
How much does it cost to send a package to Canada?
466
IPA
Gi hng i Canada tn bao nhiu tin?

Canada
haa ii kanadaa t on aa i t in ?
EN
He's a good tennis player, but he doesn't play very often.
VNN
467
VNN
IPA
468
EN
Anh y l mt tay vt gii nhng anh y khng chi thng

xuyn lm.
laa mot t vt z xm t
swin lm .
Where's Jirou? He's taking a shower.
IPA
Jirou u? - Anh y ang tm.

Jirou
() ? - aa t m .
EN
VNN
469
Where do you come from?

Cu t u n?
k t en ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
ENVNN
470
EN
IPA
EN
Junko's tired. She wants to go home now.
IPA
Junko mt. C y mun v nh by gi.

Junko
() met . koo mun vee aa z .
EN
How often do you read the news?
VNN
472
IPA
Cu c c bo bao lu mt ln?
k k kp a aa l mot ln ?
EN
Excuse me, but you're sitting in my seat. I'm sorry.
VNN
473
IPA
Xin li nhng cu ang ngi ch ca ti. - Ti xin li.
siin loo k aa oo oo ku t oo . - t oo siin loo .
EN
I'm sorry, I don't understand. Can you speak more slowly?
VNN
474
Somebody's singing.
C ngi ang ht.
k aa hat .
VNN
471
115
VNN
IPA
Ti xin li, ti khng hiu. Cu c th ni chm hn khng?
t oo siin loo , t oo xm hi . k k t e n m hn
xm ?
116
475
EN
IPA
EN
What time does your father finish work every day?
IPA
B cu ht lm vic lc my gi hng ngy?
o k het laam vik lkp m z haa ?
EN
You can turn the music off. I'm not listening to it.
VNN
477
IPA
Cu c th tt nhc i. Ti khng nghe n.
k k t e t t ak ii . t oo xm n .
EN
He's in the kitchen cooking something.
VNN
478
IPA
Anh y ang trong bp nu g .
aa m ep n ii .
EN
Jack doesn't usually drive to work. He usually walks.
VNN
479
IPA
Jack thng khng li xe i lm. Anh y thng i b.

Jack
() t xm la s ii laam . t ii o .
EN
Lucy doesn't like coffee. She prefers tea.
VNN
480
It's late. I'm going home now. Are you coming with me?
Mun ri. Ti v nh y. Cu c i cng ti khng?
mun zoo . t oo vee aa . k k ii km t oo xm ?
VNN
476
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Lucy khng thch c ph. C y thch tr hn.

Lucy
() xm t k kaa fee . koo t k aa hn .
ENVNN
481
EN
IPA
EN
Ganesh has two (2) sisters. > Ganesh's got two (2) sisters.
IPA
Ganesh c hai ngi anh/ch/em.

Ganesh
() k haa / i / m .
EN
Our car has four (4) doors. > Our car's got four (4) doors.
VNN
483
VNN
IPA
484
EN
VNN
IPA
485
I have blue eyes. > I've got blue eyes.

Ti c mt mu xanh lam.
t oo k mt m s laam .
VNN
482
117
EN
VNN
IPA
Xe hi ca chng ti c bn ca.
s h ku m t oo k on k .
She isn't feeling well. She has a headache. > She's got a
headache.
C y khng c kho. C y b au u.
koo xm k xw . koo i .
They like animals. They have a horse, three (3) dogs, and six (6)
cats. They've got a lot of animals.
H thch ng vt. H c mt con nga, ba con ch v su con
mo. H c nhiu ng vt.
h t k m vt . h k mot kn , aa kn
vaa s kn m . h k i m vt .
118
486
EN
VNN
IPA
487
EN
VNN
IPA
488
EN
VNN
IPA
489
EN
Ti c mt chic xe p nhng ti khng c xe hi. Ti c mt

chic xe p nhng ti khng c xe hi.
t oo k mot ik s ap t oo xm k s h .
t oo k mot ik s ap t oo xm k s h .
They don't have any children. > They haven't got any children.
H khng c con.
h xm k kn .
It's a nice house, but it doesn't have a garage. > It hasn't got a
garage.
N l mt ngi nh p nhng n khng c garage. N khng c
garage.
garagegarage
n laa mot oo aa p n xm k arag . n
xm k arag .
Lila doesn't have a job. > Lila hasn't got a job.
IPA
EN
Does your phone have a camera?
490
I have a bike, but I don't have a car. > I've got a bike, but I
haven't got a car.
Lila khng c vic lm.

Lila
() xm k vik laam .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
in thoi ca cu c my nh khng?
in t wa ku k k m xm ?
ENVNN
491
EN
VNN
IPA
492
EN
VNN
IPA
493
EN
Nicole c xe hi khng?
Nicole
() k s h xm ?
What kind of car does she have? > What kind of car has she
got?
C y c xe hi loi g?
koo k s h lwa ii ?
What do you have in your bag? > What have you got in your
bag?
IPA
EN
Do you have a camera? No, I don't.
IPA
Cu c my nh khng? - Khng.
k k m xm ? - xm .
EN
Have you got a camera? No, I don't.
VNN
495
Does Nicole have a car? > Has Nicole got a car?
Cu c g trong ti?
k k ii m t u ?
VNN
494
119
VNN
IPA
Cu c my nh khng? - Khng.
k k m xm ? - xm .
120
496
EN
IPA
EN
Ask if he has a computer. Yes, he's got a computer.
497
VNN
IPA
498
EN
VNN
IPA
499
EN
VNN
IPA
500
Does she have a car? No, she doesn't.

C y c xe hi khng? - Khng.
koo k s h xm ? - xm .
VNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Hi xem anh y c my vi tnh khng. - C, anh y c my vi

tnh.
h sm k m vii t xm . - k , k m vii
t .
Ask if he has a dog. No, he hasn't got a dog.
Hi xem anh y c ch khng. - Khng, anh y khng c ch.
h sm k xm . - xm , xm k
.
Ask if he has a smart phone. No, he hasn't got a smart phone.
Hi xem anh y c in thoi thng minh khng. - Khng, anh
y khng c in thoi thng minh.
h sm k in t wa t m m xm . - xm
, xm k in t wa t m m .
Ask if he has a watch. Yes, he's got a watch.
Hi xem anh y c ng h eo tay khng. - C, anh y c ng
h eo tay.
h sm k m hoo t xm . - k ,
k m hoo t .
ENVNN
121
None
501
EN
VNN
IPA
502
EN
EN
You don't have a dog.
IPA
Cu khng c ch.
k xm k .
EN
She doesn't have a bike.
VNN
IPA
C y khng c xe p.
koo xm k s ap .
EN
He has several brothers and sisters.
VNN
505
I don't have a computer.
IPA
504
Hi xem anh y c anh ch em no khng. - C, anh y c mt

anh trai v hai em gi.
h sm k i m naa xm . - k , k
mot aa vaa haa m a .
Ti khng c my tnh.
t oo xm k m t .
VNN
503
Ask if he has any brothers or sisters. Yes, he's got a brother

and two (2) sisters.
VNN
IPA
Anh y c mt s anh ch em.
k mot so i m .
122
506
EN
IPA
H c hai a con.
h k haa kn .
EN
She doesn't have a key.
VNN
507
IPA
C y khng c cha kho.
koo xm k ii xwa .
EN
He has a new job.
VNN
508
IPA
Anh y c cng vic mi.
k km vik m .
EN
They don't have much money.
VNN
509
IPA
H khng c nhiu tin.
h xm k i t in .
EN
Do you have an umbrella?
VNN
510
IPA
Cu c khng?
k k oo xm ?
EN
We have a lot of work to do.
VNN
511
They have two (2) children.
VNN
IPA
Chng ti c nhiu vic phi lm.
m t oo k i vik fa laam .
ENVNN
ENVNN
512
EN
IPA
EN
Does your father have a car?
IPA
B cu c xe hi khng?
o k k s h xm ?
EN
How much money do you have with you?
VNN
514
IPA
Cu mang theo bao nhiu tin?
k maa () aa i t in ?
EN
She doesn't have a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle.
VNN
515
VNN
IPA
516
I don't have your phone number.

Ti khong c s in thoi ca cu.
t oo xm k so in t wa ku k .
VNN
513
123
EN
VNN
IPA
C y khng c xe hi. C y i u cng bng xe p.
koo xm k s h . koo ii km s
ap .
They like animals. They have three (3) dogs and two (2) cats.
H thch ng vt. H c ba con ch v hai con mo.
h t k m vt . h k aa kn vaa haa kn m .
124
517
EN
IPA
EN
They don't read much. They don't have many books.
518
IPA
H khng c nhiu. H khng c nhiu sch.
h xm kp i . h xm k i sk .
EN
What's wrong? I've got something in my eye.
VNN
519
IPA
C chuyn g vy? - Ti b ci g chui vo mt.
k win ii v ? - t oo i ka ii uu vaa mt .
EN
Where's my phone? I don't know. I don't have it.
VNN
520
VNN
IPA
521
Fahim isn't happy. He's got a lot of problems.

Fahim khng hnh phc. Anh y c nhiu chuyn.
Fahim
() xm h fkp . k i win .
VNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
in thoi ca ti u? - Ti khng bit. Ti khng cm n.
in t wa ku t oo ? - t oo xm it . t oo xm
km n .
She wants to go to the concert, but she doesn't have a ticket.
C y mun i xem ho nhc nhng c y khng c v.
koo mun ii sm hwaa ak koo xm k v .
ENVNN
522
EN
IPA
EN
It's a nice house but it doesn't have a big yard.
IPA
Ngi nh p y nhng khng c sn rng.
oo aa p xm k sn zm .
EN
Most cars have four (4) wheels.
VNN
524
IPA
Hu ht xe hi u c bn bnh.
h het s h ee k on .
EN
Everybody likes him. He's got a lot of friends.
VNN
525
IPA
Mi ngi qu anh y. Anh y c rt nhiu bn.
m kwi . k zt i an .
EN
I can't open the door. I don't have the key.
VNN
526
IPA
Ti khng m c ca. Ti khng c cha kho.
t oo xm m k k . t oo xm k ii xwa .
EN
An insect has six (6) legs.
VNN
527
I'm not feeling well. I have a headache.

Ti cm thy khng kho. Ti ang au u.
t oo kam t xm xw . t oo aa .
VNN
523
125
VNN
IPA
Cn trng c su chn.
koon m k s n .
126
528
EN
IPA
Nhanh ln, chng ta khng c nhiu thi gian.
leen , m t aa xm k i t zaan .
EN
Now he's at work.
VNN
529
IPA
By gi anh y ang c quan.
z aa k kwaan .
EN
Last night he wasn't at work.
VNN
530
IPA
m hm qua anh y khng c quan.
eem hoom kwaa xm k kwaan .
EN
He was in bed.
VNN
531
IPA
Anh y trn ging.
een z .
EN
He was asleep.
VNN
532
IPA
Anh y ng.
u .
EN
He was in bed, asleep.
VNN
533
Hurry, we don't have much time.
VNN
IPA
Anh y trn ging, i ng.
een z , ii u .
ENVNN
ENVNN
534
EN
IPA
EN
Where was Fatima yesterday?
IPA
Ti qua Fatima u?
Fatima
t o kwaa () ?
EN
The weather was nice last week.
VNN
536
IPA
Thi tit tun trc p.
t t it t wn k p .
EN
You were late yesterday.
VNN
537
IPA
Hm qua cu n mun.
hoom kwaa k en mun .
EN
They weren't here last Sunday.
VNN
538
I was tired last night.

Ti qua ti mt.
t o kwaa t oo met .
VNN
535
127
VNN
IPA
H khng y Ch nht tun trc.
h xm u t t wn k .
128
539
EN
VNN
IPA
540
EN
We were hungry after the trip, but we weren't tired.
IPA
EN
Chng ti thy i sau chuyn i, nhng chng ti khng thy

mt.
m t oo t s win ii , m t oo xm t
met .
The hotel was comfortable, but it wasn't expensive.
IPA
Khch sn thoi mi nhng li khng t.
xk san t wa ma la xm t .
EN
Was the weather nice when you were on vacation?
VNN
543
When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs.
EN
VNN
542
Nm ngoi Rebecca hai mi hai tui, nn nm nay c y hai

mi ba.
Rebecca
nm wa () haa m haa t u , neen nm n koo haa
m aa .
IPA
541
Last year Rebecca was twenty-two (22), so she is twenty-three

(23) now.
Hi ti cn nh, ti s ch.
hoo t oo kn , t oo s .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Thi tit lc cu i ngh c p khng?
t t it lkp k ii i k p xm ?
ENVNN
544
EN
IPA
EN
Why were you late this morning?
IPA
Ti sao sng nay cu i mun?
t a saa sa n k ii mun ?
EN
Were you late? No, I wasn't.
VNN
546
IPA
Cu i mun phi khng? - Khng phi.
k ii mun fa xm ? - xm fa .
EN
Was Paul at work yesterday? Yes, he was.
VNN
547
IPA
Paul c i lm ngy hm qua khng? - Khng.

Paul
() k ii laam hoom kwaa xm ? - xm .
EN
Were they at the party? No, they weren't.
VNN
548
IPA
H c trong ba tic khng? - Khng.
h k m t ik xm ? - xm .
EN
Today the weather's nice, but yesterday it was very cold.
VNN
549
Your shoes are nice. Were they expensive?

Giy cu trng p y. Gi c t khng?
z k m p . za k t xm ?
VNN
545
129
VNN
IPA
Hm nay tri p nhng hm qua tri lnh.
hoom n p hoom kwaa l .
130
550
EN
IPA
EN
I feel fine this morning, but I was very tired last night.
551
IPA
Ti thy kho lc sng nay nhng m qua ti rt mt
t oo t xw lkp sa n eem kwaa t oo zt met .
EN
Where were you at eleven a.m. (11:00) last Friday morning?
VNN
552
IPA
Cu u lc mi mt gi sng Th su va ri.
k lkp m mot z sa t s v zoo .
EN
Don't buy those shoes. They're very expensive.
VNN
553
IPA
ng mua i giy y. Gi t qu.
muu oo z . za t kua .
EN
I like your new jacket. Was it expensive?
VNN
554
IPA
Ti thch ci o khoc mi ca cu. Gi c t khng?
t oo t k ka a xwak m ku k . za k t xm ?
EN
This time last year I was in Paris.
VNN
555
I'm hungry. Can I have something to eat?

Ti i. Ti n g c khng?
t oo . t oo n ii k xm ?
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Gi ny nm ngoi ti ang Paris.

Paris
z n nm wa t oo aa () .
ENVNN
556
EN
VNN
IPA
557
EN
VNN
IPA
558
EN
VNN
IPA
559
EN
VNN
IPA
131
Where are the children? I don't know, they were here a few
minutes ago.
Bn tr u ri? - Ti khng bit, chng va y my pht
trc.
n zoo ? - t oo xm it , m v m
fut k .
We weren't happy with the hotel. Our room was very small, and
it wasn't clean.
Chng ti khng vui vi ci khch sn. Phng chng ti rt b
m n li khng sch s.
m t oo xm vuu v ka xk san . fm m t oo
zt maa n la xm sk s .
Antonio wasn't at work last week because he was sick. He's
better now.
Antonio tun trc khng i lm v b m, By gi anh y
hn ri.
Antonio
() t wn k xm ii laam vii i om , z
hn zoo .
Yesterday was a holiday, so the banks were closed. They're open
today.
Hm qua l ngy l nn ngn hng ng ca, Hm nay h m
ca.
hoom kwaa laa lee neen n haa m k , hoom n

h m k .
132
560
EN
VNN
IPA
561
EN
VNN
IPA
562
EN
Anabel v Richard c n ba tic khng? - Anabel th c

nhng Richard th khng.
AnabelRichardAnabelRichard
() vaa () k en t ik xm ? - () t ii k
() t ii xm .
Where are my keys? I don't know. They were on the table,
but they're not there now.
Cha kho ca ti u? - Ti khng bit. Trc n trn bn
nhng by gi th khng cn na.
ii xwa ku t oo ? - t oo xm it . k n een
aan z t ii xm kn n .
You weren't at home last night. Where were you?
IPA
EN
Why were you late this morning? The traffic was bad.
563
Were Anabel and Richard at the party? Anabel was there, but
Richard wasn't.
Cu hm qua khng nh. Cu u?
k hoom kwaa xm aa . k aa ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Ti sao cu n mun sng nay? - Giao thng khng tt.
t a saa k en mun sa n ? - zaa t m xm t ot .
ENVNN
564
EN
IPA
EN
Where were they last week? They were on vacation.
VNN
IPA
566
EN
How much was your new camera? It was three hundred

dollars ($300). > It was two hundred euros (200).
IPA
EN
Why were you angry yesterday? Because you were late.
IPA
Sao hm qua cu tc gin th? - V cu n mun.
saa hoom kwaa k t k zn t e ? - vii k en mun .
EN
Was the weather nice last week? Yes, it was beautiful.
VNN
568
H u tun trc? - H i ngh.
h t wn k ? - h ii i .
Ci my nh mi ca cu gi bao nhiu? - Gi ba trm dollar.

dollar
ka m m ku k za aa i ? - za aa m zollar .
VNN
567
Was your exam difficult? No, it was easy.

Bi thi c kh khng? - Khng, bi d.
aa t ii k x xm ? - xm , aa zee .
VNN
565
133
VNN
IPA
Thi tit tun trc c p khng? - C, tri p.
t t it t wn k k p xm ? - k , p .
134
569
EN
VNN
IPA
570
EN
VNN
IPA
571
EN
Ti nh rng hng sng. Sng nay ti c nh rng.
t oo z haa sa . sa n t oo k z .
Terry worked in a bank from nineteen ninety-five (1995) to two
thousand one (2001).
Terry lm vic trong ngn hng t nm 1995 n nm 2001.
Terry19952001
() laam vik m n haa t nm 1995 en nm
2001 .
Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime.
IPA
EN
We enjoyed the party last night.
IPA
Chng ti sng khoi vi ba tic ti qua.
m t oo sa xwa v t ik t o kwaa .
EN
We danced a lot and talked to a lot of people.
VNN
573
I brush my teeth every morning. This morning I brushed my

teeth.
Hm qua tri ma c sng. Tri tnh lc n tra.
hoom kwaa m ka sa . t lkp n .
VNN
572
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Chng ti nhy nhiu v ni chuyn vi nhiu ngi.
m t oo i vaa n win v i .
ENVNN
574
EN
VNN
IPA
575
EN
I usually get up early, but this morning I got up at nine thirty

(9:30).
EN
We did a lot of work yesterday.
IPA
Chng ti lm rt nhiu vic ngy hm qua.
m t oo aa laam zt i vik hoom kwaa .
EN
Sonia went to the movies three (3) times last week.
VNN
IPA
Sonia i xem film ba ln tun trc.

Soniafilm
() ii sm film aa ln t wn k .
EN
Enzo came into the room, took off his coat, and sat down.
VNN
578
Ba tic kt thc lc na m.
t ik ket t kp lkp n eem .
IPA
577
The party ended at midnight.
Ti thng dy sm. Nhng sng nay ti chn ri mi dy.
t oo t z sm . sa n t oo i n z m z .
VNN
576
135
VNN
IPA
Enzo vo trong phng, ci o khoc v ngi xung.

Enzo
() vaa m fm , k a xwak vaa oo su .
136
579
EN
VNN
IPA
580
EN
VNN
IPA
581
EN
The movie was very long. It started at seven-fifteen (7:15) and

finished at ten pm (10:00).
B film rt di, n bt u lc by gi mi lm v kt thc lc
mi gi ti.
film
o film zt zaa , n t lkp z m lm vaa
ket t kp lkp m z t o .
When I was a child, I wanted to be a doctor.
EN
The accident happened last Sunday afternoon.
IPA
V tai nn xy ra chiu Ch nht va qua.
vu t aa nan s zaa i u t v kwaa .
EN
It's a nice day today, but yesterday it rained all day.
VNN
583
Trong phng nng nn ti m ca s.
m fm nm neen t oo aa m k so .
IPA
582
It was hot in the room, so I opened the window.
Hi ti cn b ti mun lm bc s.
hoo t oo kn t oo mun laam ak sii .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Tri hm nay p nhng hm qua tri ma c ngy.
hoom n p hoom kwaa m ka .
ENVNN
584
EN
VNN
IPA
585
EN
Cecilia's grandfather died when he was ninety (90) years old.
EN
I already paid the bill.
IPA
Ti tr tin ho n.
t oo aa a t in hwa n .
EN
I visited her last week.
VNN
IPA
Ti n thm c y tun trc.
t oo aa en t m koo t wn k .
EN
I bought my tickets online.
VNN
588
Chng ti thy sng khoi vi k ngh nm ngoi. Chng ti

mt ni rt p.
m t oo t sa xwa v kii i nm wa . m t oo aa
mot n zt p .
IPA
587
We enjoyed our vacation last year. We stayed at a very nice

place.
ng ca Cecilia cht lc ng y chn mi tui.

Cecilia
m ku () et lkp m i n m t u .
VNN
586
137
VNN
IPA
Ti mua v qua mng.
t oo aa muu v kwaa ma .
138
589
EN
IPA
EN
I put my bag on the table. (PAST TENSE)
590
IPA
Ti ti ca ti trn bn.
t oo aa e t u ku t oo een aan .
EN
I spoke with him yesterday on the phone.
VNN
591
IPA
Ti ni chuyn vi anh y hm qua qua in thoi.
t oo aa n win v hoom kwaa kwaa in t wa .
EN
Last Tuesday, Vanessa flew from Los Angeles to Mexico City.
VNN
592
VNN
IPA
593
I copied the schedule.

Ti sao chp thi gian biu.
t oo aa saa p t zaan i .
VNN
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
Th ba va ri Vanessa bay t Los Angeles n Thnh ph

Mexico.
VanessaLos AngelesMexico
t aa v zoo () aa t () () en t fo
() .
She got up at six (6) in the morning and had a cup of coffee.
C y dy lc su gi sng nay v ung mt chn c ph.
koo z lkp s z sa n vaa u mot n kaa fee .
ENVNN
594
EN
VNN
IPA
595
EN
VNN
IPA
596
EN
VNN
IPA
597
EN
VNN
IPA
139
At seven-fifteen she left home and drove to the airport.

Lc by gi mi lm c y ra khi nh v li xe n sn bay.
lkp z m lm koo zaa x aa vaa la s en sn

.
When she got there, she parked the car, walked to the terminal,
and checked in.
Khi c y n y, c y gi xe, i b vo nh gare v lm th
tc ng k.
gare
xii koo en , koo s , ii o vaa aa ar vaa
laam t u t kp ki .
Then she had breakfast at an airport cafe and waited for her
flight.
Ri c y n sng qun ca sn bay v ch i chuyn bay.
zoo koo n sa kuan ku sn vaa win

.
The plane departed on time and arrived in Mexico City four (4)
hours later.
My bay khi hnh ng gi v n Thnh ph Mexico sau y
bn ting.
Mexico
m x h m z vaa en t fo () s on
t i .
140
598
EN
VNN
IPA
599
EN
VNN
IPA
600
EN
VNN
IPA
601
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Finally, she took a taxi from the airport to her hotel downtown.
Cui cng c y bt taxi t sn bay v khch sn trung tm.
taxi
ku km koo t t axii t sn vee xk san m
t m .
Steve always goes to work by car. > Yesterday he went to work
by car.
Steve lun i lm bng xe hi. Hm qua anh y i lm bng
xe hi.
Steve
() lun ii laam s h . hoom kwaa aa ii
laam s h .
Hannah often loses her keys. > She lost her keys last week.
Hannah thng xuyn lm mt cha kho. Tun trc c y lm
mt cha kho.
Hannah
() t swin laam mt ii xwa . t wn k koo
laam mt ii xwa .
Zoe meets her friends every night. > She met them last night.
Zoe i gp bn b mi ti. C y c i gp h ti qua.
Zoe
() ii p an moo t o . koo k ii p h t o
kwaa .
ENVNN
602
EN
VNN
IPA
603
EN
VNN
IPA
604
EN
VNN
IPA
605
EN
VNN
IPA
141
I usually buy two (2) newspapers every day. > Yesterday I

bought two (2) newspapers.
Ti thng mua hai t bo hng ngy. Hm qua ti c mua hai
t bo.
t oo t muu haa t a haa . hoom kwaa t oo k

muu haa t a .
We often go to the movies on weekends. > Last Sunday we
went to the movies.
Chng ti thng i xem film vo cui tun. Ch nht va ri
chng ti c i xem film.
filmfilm
m t oo t ii sm film vaa ku t wn . u t
v zoo m t oo k ii sm film .
I eat an orange every day. > Yesterday I ate an orange.
Ti n mt qu cam mi ngy. Hm qua ti c n mt qu cam.
t oo n mot kua kaam moo . hoom kwaa t oo k n

mot kua kaam .
Tom always takes a shower in the morning. > This morning he
took a shower.
Tom lun lun tm vo bui sng. Sng nay anh y c tm.
() lun lun t m vaa u sa . sa n k t m .
142
606
EN
VNN
IPA
607
EN
I didn't watch TV yesterday.
IPA
Ti khng xem v tuyn ngy hm qua.
t oo xm sm voo t win hoom kwaa .
EN
Does she go out often?
IPA
C y c thng xuyn ra ngoi khng?
koo k t swin zaa waa xm ?
EN
Did she go out last night?
VNN
610
EN
VNN
609
Bn ca chng ti thng xuyn n thm chng ti. H ti

thm chng ti Th su tun trc.
an ku m t oo t swin en t m m t oo . h t
t m m t oo t s t wn k .
IPA
608
Our friends often come to see us. > They came to see us last
Friday.
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
C y c ra ngoi ti qua khng?
koo k zaa waa t o kwaa xm ?
ENVNN
611
EN
IPA
EN
Did you do your homework? No, I didn't have time.
VNN
IPA
613
EN
VNN
IPA
614
EN
VNN
IPA
615
I played tennis yesterday, but I didn't win.

Ti chi qun vt hm qua nhng ti khng thng.
t oo kwn vt hoom kwaa t oo aa xm t .
VNN
612
143
EN
VNN
IPA
Cu c lm bi tp v nh khng? - Khng, ti khng c thi

gian.
k k laam aa t p vee aa xm ? - xm , t oo
xm k t zaan .
We went to the movies, but we didn't enjoy the film.
Chng ti i xem film, nhng chng ti khng thch b film.
filmfilm
m t oo aa ii sm film , m t oo xm t k
o film .
Did you see Fabian yesterday? No, I didn't.
Hm qua cu c trng thy Fabian khng? - Khng, ti khng
thy.
Fabian
hoom kwaa k k m t () xm ? - xm , t oo
xm t .
Did it rain on Sunday? Yes, it did.
Tri hm Ch nht c ma khng? - C ma.
hoom u t k m xm ? - k m .
144
616
EN
VNN
IPA
617
EN
I saw Evita, but I didn't see Fausto.
IPA
Ti thy Evita, nhng ti khng thy Fausto.

EvitaFausto
t oo aa t () , t oo xm t () .
EN
They worked on Monday, but they didn't on Tuesday.
VNN
IPA
620
Did your parents have a good trip? Yes, they did.
EN
VNN
619
Eveline c n d tic khng? - Khng c y khng n.

Eveline
() k en z t ik xm ? - xm koo aa xm
en .
IPA
618
Did Eveline come to the party? No, she didn't.
Chuyn i ca b m cu c c khng? - C.
win ii ku o m k k k xm ? - k .
VNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
H lm vic hm Th hai nhng khng lm hm Th ba.
h aa laam vik hoom t haa xm laam hoom

t aa .
We went to the post office, but we didn't go to the bank.
Chng ti n bu in nhng chng ti khng n ngn
hng.
m t oo aa en in m t oo xm en
n haa .
ENVNN
621
EN
VNN
IPA
622
EN
VNN
IPA
623
EN
VNN
IPA
624
EN
VNN
IPA
145
She had a pen, but she didn't have any paper.

C y c mt ci bt nhng c y khng c t giy no.
koo k mot ka ut koo xm k t z naa .

Gerhard did some work in the yard, but he didn't do any work in
the house.
Gerhard c lm vic g ngoi sn nhng anh y khng lm
vic g trong nh c.
Gerhard
() k laam vik ii waa sn xm laam
vik ii m aa ka .
I watched TV last night. How about you? Did you watch TV last
night?
Ti xem v tuyn ti hm qua. Cu th sao? Cu c xem v
tuyn ti qua khng?
t oo aa sm voo t win t o hoom kwaa . k t ii saa ? k

k sm voo t win t o kwaa xm ?
I enjoyed the party. How about you? Did you enjoy the party?
Ti rt thch ba tic. Cu th sao? Cu c thy thch ba tic
khng?
t oo zt t k t ik . k t ii saa ? k k t t k
t ik xm ?
146
625
EN
VNN
IPA
626
EN
VNN
IPA
627
EN
VNN
IPA
628
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
I had a nice vacation. How about you? Did you have a nice
vacation?
Ti c mt k ngh p. Cu th sao? K ngh ca cu c p
khng?
t oo aa k mot kii i p . k t ii saa ? kii i ku k

k p xm ?
I finished work early. How about you? Did you finish work
early?
Ti kt thc cng vic sm.Cu th sao? Cu c kt thc cng
vic sm khng?
t oo aa ket t kp km vik sm . k t ii saa ? k k

ket t kp km vik sm xm ?
I slept well last night. How about you? Did you sleep well last
night?
Ti m qua ng ngon. Cu th sao? m qua cu ng c ngon
khng.
t oo eem kwaa u n . k t ii saa ? eem kwaa k u k

n xm .
I watched TV.
Ti xem v tuyn.
t oo aa sm voo t win .
ENVNN
629
EN
IPA
EN
I took a shower.
IPA
Ti i tm.
t oo aa ii t m .
EN
I bought a magazine.
VNN
631
IPA
Ti mua mt t tp ch.
t oo aa muu mot t t ap i .
EN
I went to bed before ten-thirty.
VNN
632
IPA
Ti i ng trc mi ri.
t oo aa ii u k m z .
EN
We went to Hong Kong last month.
VNN
633
IPA
Chng ti n Hong Kong thng trc.

Hong Kong
m t oo aa en () () t a k .
EN
Where did you stay?
VNN
634
I got up before seven am (7:00).

Ti dy lc by gi sng.
t oo aa z lkp z sa .
VNN
630
147
VNN
IPA
Cc cu ch no?
kak k oo naa ?
148
635
EN
IPA
Chng ti vi my ngi bn.
m t oo v m an .
EN
I was late for the meeting.
VNN
636
IPA
Ti b mun bui hp.
t oo i mun u hp .
EN
What time did you get there?
VNN
637
IPA
Cu n lc my gi?
k en lkp m z ?
EN
I got there at nine-thirty.
VNN
638
IPA
Ti n lc chn ri.
t oo en lkp i n z .
EN
I played tennis this afternoon.
VNN
639
IPA
Ti chi qun vt chiu nay.
t oo aa kwn vt i n .
EN
Did you win?
VNN
640
We stayed with some friends.
VNN
IPA
Cu c thng khng?
k k t xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
641
EN
IPA
EN
I had a nice vacation.
IPA
Ti c mt k ngh p.
t oo aa k mot kii i p .
EN
Where did you go?
VNN
643
IPA
Cu i u?
k aa ii ?
EN
I went to the mountains.
VNN
644
IPA
Ti i ln ni.
t oo ii leen nu .
EN
We came home by taxi.
VNN
645
IPA
Chng ti v nh bng taxi.

taxi
m t oo vee aa t axii .
EN
How much did it cost?
VNN
646
No, I lost.
Khng, ti thua.
xm , t oo aa t uu .
VNN
642
149
VNN
IPA
Gi tin l bao nhiu?
za t in laa aa i ?
150
647
EN
IPA
Gi bn mi dollar.
dollar
za on m zollar .
EN
I'm tired this morning.
VNN
648
IPA
Sng nay ti thy mt.
sa n t oo t met .
EN
Did you sleep well last night?
VNN
649
IPA
Ti qua cu c ng ngon khng?
t o kwaa k k u n xm ?
EN
No, I didn't sleep very well.
VNN
650
IPA
Khng, ti ng khng ngon.
xm , t oo u xm n .
EN
We went to the beach yesterday.
VNN
651
IPA
Chng ti i ra bi bin hm qua.
m t oo aa ii zaa aa in hoom kwaa .
EN
Was the weather nice?
VNN
652
It cost forty dollars ($40). > It cost thirty euros (30)
VNN
IPA
Thi tit c p khng?
t t it k p xm ?
ENVNN
ENVNN
653
EN
IPA
EN
The window is broken.
IPA
Ca s b v.
k so i v .
EN
How did it break?
VNN
655
IPA
Lm sao n v?
laam saa n v ?
EN
I don't know how it broke.
VNN
656
VNN
IPA
657
Yes, the weather was great.

C, thi tit rt tuyt vi.
k , t t it zt t wit v .
VNN
654
151
EN
VNN
IPA
Ti khng bit sao n li v.
t oo xm it saa n la v .
We went to the movies, but the film wasn't very good. We didn't
enjoy it.
Chng ti i xem film, nhng b film khng hay lm. Chng
ti khng thch n.
filmfilm
m t oo aa ii sm film , o film xm h lm .
m t oo xm t k n .
152
658
EN
VNN
IPA
659
EN
VNN
IPA
660
EN
VNN
IPA
661
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Giovanni bought some new clothes yesterday: two (2) shirts and
a pair of pants.
Giovanni mua vi b qun o mi ngy hm qua: hai ci o
chemise v mt ci qun.
Giovannichemise
() aa muu vaa o kwn a m hoom kwaa : haa ka
a emis vaa mot ka kwn .
Did it rain yesterday? No, it was a nice day.
Hm qua tri c ma khng? - Khng, hm qua p tri.
hoom kwaa k m xm ? - xm , hoom kwaa

p .
We were tired, so we didn't stay long at the party.
Chng ti thy mt nn chng ti khng ba tic lu.
m t oo t met neen m t oo aa xm
t ik l .
It was very warm in the room, so I opened a window.
Trong phng rt m nn ti m ca s.
m fm zt m neen t oo aa m k so .
ENVNN
662
EN
VNN
IPA
663
EN
VNN
IPA
664
EN
VNN
IPA
665
EN
Did you call Ingrid this morning? No, I didn't have time.
Sng nay cu c gi Ingrid khng? - Khng, ti khng c thi
gian.
Ingrid
sa n k k () xm ? - xm , t oo xm k
t zaan .
I cut my hand this morning. How did you do that?
Ti b t tay sng nay. - Sao cu b th?
t oo i t t sa n . - saa k i t e ?
Why weren't you at the meeting yesterday? I didn't know
about a meeting.
Sao hm qua cu khng c mt trong cuc hp? - Ti khng bit
l c cuc hp.
saa hoom kwaa k xm k mt m kuk hp ? t oo xm it laa k kuk hp .

It's six o'clock (6:00) now. Luka's at home watching TV.
IPA
By gi l su gi. Luka ang nh xem v tuyn.

Luka
z laa s z . () aa aa sm voo t win .
EN
At four o'clock (4:00) he wasn't at home. He was at the gym.
VNN
666
153
VNN
IPA
Lc bn gi anh y khng c nh. Anh y ang i tp th hnh.
lkp on z xm k aa . aa ii t p t e
h .
154
667
EN
VNN
IPA
668
EN
VNN
IPA
669
EN
VNN
IPA
670
EN
Anh y i bi b bi ch khng xem v tuyn.
ii e xm sm voo t win .
What were you doing at eleven-thirty yesterday? Were you
working?
Cu ang lm g lc mi mt ri hm qua? Cu ang lm
vic ?
k aa laam ii lkp m mot z hoom kwaa ? k

aa laam vik aa ?
What did he say? I don't know, I wasn't listening.
Anh y ni ci g th? - Ti khng bit, ti khng nghe.
aa n ka ii t e ? - t oo xm it , t oo xm
.
It was raining, so we didn't go out.
IPA
EN
In two-thousand-one we were living in Japan.
671
He was swimming in the pool, not watching TV.
Tri ma nn chng ti khng ra ngoi.
m neen m t oo aa xm zaa waa .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Nm hai nghn khng trm linh mt chng ti sng Nht Bn.
nm haa ii n xm m l mot m t oo sm
t an .
ENVNN
672
EN
VNN
IPA
673
EN
I woke up early yesterday. It was a beautiful morning.
EN
The sun was shining, and the birds were singing.
IPA
Mt tri ang to nng v by chim ang ht lu lo.
mt aa t wa n vaa iim aa ht li l .
EN
I was working at ten-thirty last night.
VNN
IPA
Ti ang lm vic lc mi ri ti qua.
t oo aa laam vik lkp m z t o kwaa .
EN
It wasn't raining when we went out.
VNN
676
Hm nay c y mc vy nhng hm qua c y mc qun.
hoom n koo mk v hoom kwaa koo mk

kwn .
IPA
675
Today she's wearing a skirt, but yesterday she was wearing

pants.
Hm qua ti tnh dy sm. Bui sng tht l p.
hoom kwaa t oo t z sm . u sa t t laa p .
VNN
674
155
VNN
IPA
Tri ang khng ma khi chng ti i ra ngoi.
aa xm m xii m t oo ii zaa waa .
156
677
EN
IPA
EN
Dmitry and Irina were at the supermarket buying food.
678
IPA
Dmitri v Irina siu th mua n.

DmitriIrina
zmitrii vaa () aa si t i muu oo n .
EN
Santo was in his car driving.
VNN
679
IPA
Santo trong xe ca anh y li xe.

Santo
() aa m s ku la s .
EN
Dennis was at the station waiting for a train.
VNN
680
IPA
Dennis nh gare i tu ho.

Dennisgare
() aa ar t hwa .
EN
The old couple were in the park taking a walk.
VNN
681
IPA
Cp i cao tui trong cng vin i do.
kp oo kaa t u aa m km vin ii za .
EN
At eight forty-five (8:45) she was washing her car.
VNN
682
What were you doing at three [o'clock] (3:00)?

Cu ang lm g lc ba gi.
k aa laam ii lkp aa z .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Lc tm gi bn mi lm c y ang ra xe,
lkp t am z on m lm koo aa z s ,
ENVNN
683
EN
IPA
EN
At eight o'clock (8:00) she was reading the news.
IPA
Lc tm gi c y ang c bo.
lkp t am z koo aa kp a .
EN
At twelve-ten she was cooking lunch.
VNN
685
IPA
Lc mi hai gi mi c y ang nu ba tra.
lkp m haa z m koo aa n .
EN
At seven-fifteen (7:15) she was having breakfast.
VNN
686
IPA
Lc by gi mi lm c y ang n sng.
lkp z m lm koo aa n sa .
EN
At nine thirty (9:30) she was cleaning the kitchen.
VNN
687
At ten forty-five (10:45) she was playing tennis.

Lc mi gi bn mi lm c y ang chi qun vt.
lkp m z on m lm koo aa kwn vt .
VNN
684
157
VNN
IPA
Lc chn gi ba mi c y ang dn dp nh bp.
lkp i n z aa m koo aa zn zp aa ep .
158
688
EN
VNN
IPA
689
EN
Was it raining when you got up?
IPA
Tri c ma lc cu dy khng?
k m lkp k z xm ?
EN
Why was she driving so fast?
IPA
Ti sao c y li xe nhanh th?
t a saa koo la s t e ?
EN
Why was he wearing a suit yesterday?
VNN
692
What were you doing at two [o'clock] (2:00)?
EN
VNN
691
Cu sng u hi nm mt nghn chn trm chn mi chn?
k sm hoo nm mot ii n i n m i n m
i n ?
IPA
690
Where were you living in nineteen ninety-nine (1999)?
Cu ang lm g lc hai gi?
k aa laam ii lkp haa z ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Ti sao anh y hm qua li mc complet?

complet
t a saa hoom kwaa la mk komplt ?
ENVNN
693
EN
IPA
EN
He was carrying a bag.
IPA
Anh y mang theo mt ci ti.
maa () mot ka t u .
EN
He wasn't going to the dentist.
VNN
695
IPA
Anh y khng i khm nha s.
xm ii xam aa sii .
EN
He was eating ice cream.
VNN
696
IPA
Anh y ang n kem.
aa n km .
EN
He wasn't carrying an umbrella.
VNN
697
IPA
Anh y khng mang theo .
xm maa () oo .
EN
He wasn't going home.
VNN
698
He wasn't wearing a jacket.

Anh y khng mc o khoc.
xm mk a xwak .
VNN
694
159
VNN
IPA
Anh y khng v nh.
xm vee aa .
160
699
EN
IPA
Anh y i m.
o muu .
EN
He wasn't riding a bicycle.
VNN
700
IPA
Anh y khng p xe.
xm ap s .
EN
What was Jose doing when the phone rang?
VNN
701
IPA
Jose ang lm g khi in thoi ku?

Jose
() aa laam ii xii in t wa kee ?
EN
He was reading a book.
VNN
702
IPA
Anh y ang c sch.
aa kp sk .
EN
What did he do when the phone rang?
VNN
703
IPA
Anh y lm g khi in thoi ku?
aa laam ii xii in t wa kee ?
EN
He stopped reading and answered the phone.
VNN
704
He was wearing a hat.
VNN
IPA
Anh y dng c sch v tr li in thoi.
z kp sk vaa a l in t wa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
705
EN
IPA
EN
What were you doing at ten thirty (10:30)?
IPA
Lc mi ri cu ang lm g?
lkp m z k aa laam ii ?
EN
We played tennis from ten (10:00) to eleven thirty (11:30).
VNN
707
VNN
IPA
708
EN
Chng ti chi qun vt t mi gi n mi mt gi ri.
m t oo kwn vt t m z en m mot
z z .
We were playing tennis.
IPA
Chng ti ang chi qun vt.
m t oo aa kwn vt .
EN
Did you watch the basketball game on TV last night?
VNN
709
What did you do yesterday morning?

Sng hm qua cu lm g?
sa hoom kwaa k laam ii ?
VNN
706
161
VNN
IPA
Cu c xem trn bng r trn v tuyn ti qua khng?
k k sm n m zo een voo t win t o kwaa xm ?
162
710
EN
IPA
EN
It didn't rain while we were on vacation.
711
IPA
Tri khng ma lc chng ti i ngh.
xm m lkp m t oo ii i .
EN
It wasn't raining when I got up.
VNN
712
VNN
IPA
713
EN
VNN
IPA
714
Were you watching TV when I called you?

Cu c ang xem lc ti gi cu khng?
k k aa sm lkp t oo k xm ?
VNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Tri ang ma lc ti ng dy.
oo aa m lkp t oo u z .
I started work at nine (9:00) and finished at four thirty (4:30). So
at two thirty (2:30), I was in the middle of working.
Ti bt u lm vic lc chn gi v kt thc lc bn ri. Nn
lc hai ri ti ang gia chng cng vic.
t oo t laam vik lkp i n z vaa ket t kp lkp on

z . neen lkp haa z t oo aa z km
vik .
It was raining when we went out.
Tri ang ma lc chng ti i ra ngoi.
aa m lkp m t oo ii zaa waa .
ENVNN
715
EN
IPA
EN
She fell asleep while reading.
IPA
C y ng gt khi ang c sch.
koo aa u t xii aa kp sk .
EN
Khalid broke his arm last week.
VNN
717
IPA
Khalid b gy tay tun trc.

Khalid
() aa i t t wn k .
EN
It happened when he was painting his room.
VNN
718
IPA
Chuyn xy ra khi anh y ang sn phng.
win aa s zaa xii aa sn fm .
EN
He fell off the ladder.
VNN
719
IPA
Anh y b ng thang.
aa i aa t aa .
EN
The train arrived at the station, and she got off.
VNN
720
I saw them this morning. They were waiting at the bus stop.
Ti gp h sng nay. H ang i bn xe bus.
bus
t oo aa p h sa n . h aa en s us .
VNN
716
163
VNN
IPA
Tu ho n gare v c y xung.
gare
t hwa en ar vaa koo su .
164
721
EN
IPA
EN
Yesterday she was walking down the street when she met Albert.
VNN
IPA
723
EN
VNN
IPA
724
EN
Hm qua khi c y ang bc chn xung ph th c y gp

Albert.
Albert
hoom kwaa xii koo aa k n su fo t ii koo p
() .
He was going to the station to catch a train, and he was carrying
a bag.
Anh y ang i n nh gare bt tu v anh y ang mang
mt ci ti.
gare
aa ii en aa ar e t t vaa aa maa
mot ka t u .
They stopped to talk for a few minutes.
IPA
H dng li ni chuyn my pht.
h z la n win m fut .
EN
Was Lara busy when you went to see her?
VNN
725
Two friends of hers were waiting to meet her.

Hai ngi bn ca c y ang i gp c y
haa an ku koo aa p koo .
VNN
722
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Lara c bn lc cu n gp c y khng?
Lara
() k n lkp k en p koo xm ?
ENVNN
726
EN
IPA
EN
What time did the mail arrive this morning?
IPA
Th n lc my gi sng nay?
t aa en lkp m z sa n ?
EN
It came while he was having breakfast.
VNN
728
IPA
N n lc anh y ang n sng.
n en lkp aa n sa .
EN
Was Marta at work today?
VNN
729
IPA
Marta c i lm hm nay khng?

Marta
() k ii laam hoom n xm ?
EN
No, she didn't go to work. She was sick.
VNN
730
IPA
Khng, c y khng i lm. C y b m.
xm , koo aa xm ii laam . koo i om .
EN
How fast were you driving when the police stopped you?
VNN
731
Yes, she was studying.

C, c y ang hc bi.
k , koo aa hkp aa .
VNN
727
165
VNN
IPA
Cu ang phng nhanh c no lc cnh st chn cu li?
k aa fm k naa lkp k sat n k la ?
166
732
EN
IPA
EN
Did your team win the baseball game yesterday?
733
IPA
i ca cu c thng trn bng chy hm qua khng?
o ku k k t n m hoom kwaa xm ?
EN
No, the weather was very bad, so we didn't play.
VNN
734
VNN
IPA
735
EN
VNN
IPA
736
I'm not sure, but I wasn't driving very fast.

Ti khng chc, nhng ti khng i qu nhanh.
t oo xm k , t oo xm ii kua .
VNN
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
Khng, thi tit rt xu nn chng ti khng chi.
xm , t t it zt s neen m t oo aa xm .
We were playing baseball when I hit the ball and broke a
window.
Khi chng ti ang chi bng chy th ti vt bng v lm v
ca s.
xii m t oo aa m t ii t oo vut m vaa

laam v k so .
Did you see Clara last night?
Cu c thy Clara ti qua khng?
Clara
k k t () t o kwaa xm ?
ENVNN
737
EN
IPA
EN
What were you doing at two [o'clock] (2:00) this morning?
IPA
Cu ang lm g lc hai gi sng nay?
k aa laam ii lkp haa z sa n ?
EN
I was asleep.
VNN
739
IPA
Ti ang ng.
t oo aa u .
EN
I lost my key last night.
VNN
740
IPA
Ti lm mt cha kho ti qua.
t oo aa laam mt ii xwa t o kwaa .
EN
How did you get into your apartment?
VNN
741
IPA
Cu vo nh bng cch no?
k aa vaa aa kk naa ?
EN
I climbed in through a window.
VNN
742
Yes, she was wearing a very nice jacket.

C, c y mc mt ci o khoc rt l p.
k , koo mk mot ka a xwak zt laa p .
VNN
738
167
VNN
IPA
Ti tro qua ca s.
t oo kwaa k so .
168
743
EN
IPA
EN
Now he works in a supermarket.
744
IPA
By gi anh y ang lm mt siu th.
z aa laam mot si t i .
EN
When I was a child, I used to like chocolate.
VNN
745
IPA
Hi ti cn b, ti tng thch n chocolat.

chocolat
hoo t oo kn , t oo t t k n ocolaat .
EN
I used to read a lot of books, but I don't read much these days.
VNN
746
VNN
IPA
747
Bernard used to work in a factory.

Bernard tng lm vic trong mt nh my.
Bernard
() aa t laam vik m mot aa m .
VNN
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
Ti tng c rt nhiu sch, nhng ti ngy nay khng cn c

nhiu na.
t oo t kp zt i sk , t oo n xm
kn kp i n .
Emilia has short hair now, but it used to be very long.
Emilia by gi ang tc ngn,nhng n tng rt di.
Emilia
() z aa e t kp n , n aa t zt zaa .
ENVNN
748
EN
VNN
IPA
749
EN
VNN
IPA
750
EN
VNN
IPA
751
EN
They used to live on the same street as us.

H tng sng cng tng vi chng ti.
h t sm km t v m t oo .
We used to see them a lot, but we don't see them very often
these days.
Chng ti tng thy h nhiu ln nhng hin ti chng ti khng
thy h thng xuyn lm.
m t oo t t h i ln hin t a m t oo
xm t h t swin lm .
Nadya used to have a piano, but she sold it a few years ago.
Nadya tng c mt cy dng cm, nhng c y bn n cch
y vi nm.
Nadya
() t k mot k z km , koo aa an n
kk vaa nm .
When I was a child, I didn't use to like mushrooms.
IPA
Hi ti cn b, ti tng khng thch n nm.
hoo t oo kn , t oo t xm t k n nm .
EN
Where did you use to live before you came here?
VNN
752
169
VNN
IPA
Cu tng sng u trc khi cu n y?
k aa t sm k xii k en ?
170
753
EN
IPA
Anh y tng chi bng chy.
t m .
EN
He used to be a taxi driver.
VNN
754
IPA
Anh y tng l li xe taxi.

taxi
t laa la s t axii .
EN
They used to live in the country.
VNN
755
IPA
H tng sng nng thn.
h t sm nm t oon .
EN
I used to wear glasses.
VNN
756
IPA
Ti tng eo knh.
t oo aa t k .
EN
This building used to be a hotel.
VNN
757
He used to play baseball.
VNN
IPA
To nh ny tng l khch sn.
t waa aa n aa t laa xk san .
ENVNN
ENVNN
758
EN
VNN
IPA
759
EN
VNN
IPA
760
EN
VNN
IPA
761
EN
VNN
IPA
171
Do you play sports? No, I used to swim every day though.

Cu c chi th thao khng? - Khng, nhng ti tng ngy
no cng bi.
k k t e t aa xm ? - xm , t oo aa
t naa km .
Do you go out much? No, I used to go out three (3) nights a
week though.
Cu c hay ra ng khng? - Khng, nhng ti tng ra
ng ba ti mt tun.
k k h zaa xm ? - xm , t oo aa
t zaa aa t o mot t wn .
Do you play any instruments? No, I used to play guitar
though.
Cu c chi nhc c no khng? - Khng, nhng ti tng
chi guitar.
guitar
k k ak ku naa xm ? - xm , t oo
aa t uitar .
Do you like to read? I don't have the time, but I used to read a
lot.
Cu c thch c sch khng? - Ti khng c thi gian, trc ti
tng c rt nhiu.
k k t k kp sk xm ? - t oo xm k t zaan
, k t oo t kp zt i .
172
762
EN
VNN
IPA
763
EN
VNN
IPA
764
EN
VNN
IPA
765
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Do you travel much? I'd like to. I used to travel several times
a year though.
Cu c i chi xa nhiu khng? - Ti cng mun lm. Trc ti
cng tng i xa vi ln mt nm.
k k ii saa i xm ? - t oo km mun lm .
k t oo km t ii saa vaa ln mot nm .
I used to play tennis, but I stopped playing a few years ago.
Ti tng chi qun vt nhng ti ngng chi vi nm trc.
t oo t kwn vt t oo aa vaa
nm k .
Do you play any sports? Yes, I play basketball.
Cu c chi mn th thao no khng? - C, ti chi bng chy.
k k moon t e t aa naa xm ? - k , t oo
m .
Do you have a car? No, I used to have one (1), but I sold it.
Cu c xe hi khng? - Khng, ti tng c mt ci nhng ti
bn n ri.
k k s h xm ? - xm , t oo t k mot ka
t oo aa an n zoo .
ENVNN
766
EN
VNN
IPA
767
EN
VNN
IPA
768
EN
VNN
IPA
769
EN
VNN
IPA
173
Igor used to be a waiter. Now he's the manager of a hotel.

Igor tng lm bi bn. By gi anh y lm qun l mt khch
sn.
Igor
() t laam oo aan . z laam kuan li mot
xk san .
Do you go to work by car? Sometimes, but most days I go by
subway.
Cu c i lm bng xe hi khng? - Thnh thong, nhng hu
ht l ti i tu in ngm.
k k ii laam s h xm ? - t t wa ,
h het laa t oo ii t in m .
When I was a child, I never used to eat meat, but I eat it now.
Hi ti cn b ti tng khng bao gi chu n tht, nhng by
gi ti c n.
hoo t oo kn t oo t xm aa z i n t i t ,
z t oo k n .
Angela loves to watch TV. She watches it every night.
Angela m xem v tuyn. C y m no cng xem.
Angela
() mee sm voo t win . koo eem naa km sm .
174
770
EN
VNN
IPA
771
EN
VNN
IPA
772
EN
Normally I start work at seven am (7:00), so I get up very early.

Thng thng ti lm vic lc by gi sng nn ti dy sm.
t m t t oo laam vik lkp z sa neen t oo z

sm .
What games did you use to play when you were a child?
EN
Have you been to France? No, I haven't.
IPA
Cu tng n Php cha? - Cha.
k t en fap ? - .
EN
We've been to Canada, but we haven't been to Alaska.
VNN
774
Chng ti tng sng gn sn bay, nhng chng ti chuyn

n trung tm vi nm trc.
m t oo t sm n sn , m t oo aa
win en m t m vaa nm k .
IPA
773
We used to live near the airport, but we moved downtown a few

years ago.
Cu tng hay chi nhng tr g khi cu cn b?
k t h ii xii k kn ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Chng ti tng n Canada ri, nhng chng ti cha tng n

Alaska.
Canadaalaska
m t oo t en kanadaa zoo , m t oo
t en Alaskaa .
ENVNN
775
EN
VNN
IPA
776
EN
VNN
IPA
777
EN
VNN
IPA
778
EN
VNN
IPA
779
EN
VNN
IPA
175
Shakira's an interesting person. She's had many different jobs and

has lived in many places.
Shakira l mt ngi th v. C y tng lm nhiu ngh khc
nhau v tng sng nhiu ni.
Shakira
() laa mot t u vi . koo t laam i ee xak
vaa t sm i n .
I've seen that man before, but I can't remember where.
Ti tng thy anh y trc y nhng ti khng nh l u.
t oo t t k t oo xm laa
.
How many times has Brazil won the World Cup?
Brazil tng v ch Gii bng th gii bao nhiu ln?
BrazilWolrd Cup
razil aa t voo k za m a t e z aa i ln
?
Have you read this book? Yes, I've read it twice.
Cu c cun sch ny cha? - Ri, ti c n hai ln.
k aa kp kun sk n ? - zoo , t oo aa
kp n haa ln .
Has she ever been to Australia? Yes, once.
C y tng n Australia cha? - Ri, mt ln.
Australia
koo aa t en Australii ? - zoo , mot ln .
176
780
EN
IPA
EN
My sister's never traveled by plane.
IPA
Em gi ti cha i my bay bao gi.
m a t oo ii m aa z .
EN
I've never ridden a horse.
VNN
782
IPA
Ti cha ci nga bao gi.
t oo k aa z .
EN
Who is that man? I don't know, I've never seen him before.
VNN
783
VNN
IPA
784
Have you ever played golf? Yes, I play a lot.

Cu chi golf bao gi cha? - Ri, ti chi nhiu.
golf
k aa olf aa z ? - zoo , t oo i .
VNN
781
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
ng kia l ai th? - Ti khng bit, ti cha gp ng y bao gi.
m kii laa aa t e ? - t oo xm it , t oo p
m aa z .
Have you ever been to Montreal? No, never.
Cu tng n Montreal bao gi cha? - Cha, cha bao gi.
Montreal
k aa t en () aa z ? - ,
aa z .
ENVNN
785
EN
VNN
IPA
786
EN
Have you ever been to South Korea? Yes, once.
EN
Have you ever lost your passport? No, never.
VNN
IPA
EN
VNN
IPA
789
Cu tng chi golf bao gi cha? - Cha, cha bao gi.

golf
k t olf aa z ? - , aa
z .
IPA
788
Have you ever played golf? No, never.
Cu tng n Hn Quc bao gi cha - Ri, mt ln.
k t en haan kuk aa z - zoo , mot ln .
VNN
787
177
EN
VNN
IPA
Cu mt h chiu bao gi cha? - Cha, cha bao gi.
k aa mt ho i aa z ? - ,
aa z .
Have you ever flown in a helicopter? No, never.
Cu i my bay trc thng bao gi cha? - Cha bao gi.
k aa ii m k t aa z ? -
aa z .
Have you ever won a race? Yes, a few times.
Cu tng thng trong cuc ua no cha? - Ri, mt vi ln.
k aa t t m kuk uu naa ? - zoo ,

mot vaa ln .
178
790
EN
IPA
EN
Have you ever driven a bus? No, never.
791
IPA
Cu tng li xe bus bao gi cha? - Cha bao gi.

bus
k t la s us aa z ? - aa z .
EN
Have you ever broken your leg? Yes, once.
VNN
792
IPA
Cu b gy chn bao gi cha? - Ri, mt ln.
k aa i n aa z ? - zoo , mot ln .
EN
She's been to Spain twice.
VNN
793
IPA
C y tng n Ty Ban Nha hai ln.
koo t en t aan aa haa ln .
EN
She's been to Japan once.
VNN
794
IPA
C y tng n Nht Bn mt ln.
koo t en t an mot ln .
EN
She's won a race several times.
VNN
795
Have you ever been to Peru? Yes, twice.

Cu tng n Peru bao gi cha? - Ri, hai ln.
Peru
k t en Peruu aa z ? - zoo , haa ln .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
C y tng ua thng vi ba ln.
koo t uu t vaa aa ln .
ENVNN
796
EN
IPA
EN
I've been to New York once.
IPA
Ti tng n New York mt ln.

New York
t oo t en () () mot ln .
EN
I've never played tennis.
VNN
798
IPA
Ti cha bao gi chi qun vt.
t oo aa z kwn vt .
EN
I've never driven a truck.
VNN
799
IPA
Ti cha bao gi li xe ti.
t oo aa z la s t a .
EN
I've been late for school several times.
VNN
800
IPA
Ti i hc mun vi ba ln.
t oo aa ii hkp mun vaa aa ln .
EN
She's had many different jobs.
VNN
801
She's never flown in a helicopter.

C y cha bao gi i my bay trc thng.
koo aa z ii m k t .
VNN
797
179
VNN
IPA
C y lm c nhiu ngh khc nhau.
koo aa laam k i ee xak .
180
802
EN
IPA
C y vit c mi cun sch.
koo aa vit k m kun sk .
EN
She's written a lot of interesting things.
VNN
803
IPA
C y vit c nhiu th th v.
koo aa vit k i t t u vi .
EN
She's traveled all over the world.
VNN
804
IPA
C y i vng quanh th gii.
koo aa ii vm kw t e z .
EN
She's been married three (3) times.
VNN
805
IPA
C y kt hn ba ln.
koo aa ket hoon aa ln .
EN
She's met a lot of interesting people.
VNN
806
She's written ten (10) books.
VNN
IPA
C y gp c nhiu ngi th v.
koo aa p k i t u vi .
ENVNN
ENVNN
807
EN
VNN
IPA
808
EN
Have you ever played basketball? Just once.
EN
Have you ever written a poem? Yes, in high school.
VNN
IPA
EN
VNN
IPA
811
Ti tng thy ngi ph n trc y nhng ti khng nh

tn c y.
t oo t t fu n k t oo
xm t een koo .
IPA
810
I've seen that woman before, but I can't remember her name.
Cu tng chi bng r bao gi cha? - Mi mt ln.
k t m zo aa z ? - m mot ln .
VNN
809
181
EN
VNN
IPA
Cu tng lm th bao gi cha - Ri, hi trung hc.
k t laam t aa z - zoo , hoo m

hkp .
Does she know Claude? No, she's never met him.
C y c bit Claude khng? - Khng, c y cha bao gi gp
anh y.
Claude
koo k it () xm ? - xm , koo aa z
p .
They have lots of books, and have read all of them.
H c rt nhiu sch v h c ht chng.
h k zt i sk vaa h aa kp het m .
182
812
EN
VNN
IPA
813
EN
VNN
IPA
814
EN
VNN
IPA
815
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
I've never been to New Zealand, but my brother's been there

twice.
Ti cha tng n New Zealand bao gi nhng ch ti tng n
ba ln.
New ZeAland
t oo t en new Zealand aa z i t oo
t en aa ln .
Gunter's favorite movie is Star Wars. He's seen it twenty (20)
times, but I've never seen it.
B film yu thch ca Gunter l Chin tranh gia cc v sao. Anh
y xem n c hai mi ln cn ti cha xem bao gi.
filmGunter
o film i t k ku () laa in z kak vii saa .

aa sm n k haa m ln kn t oo
sm aa z .
I've traveled by plane, bus, and train. Someday, I want to take a
trip by boat.
Ti tng i my bay, xe bus v tu ho. Mt ngy no ti
mun i du lch bng thuyn.
bus
t oo t ii m , s us vaa t hwa . mot naa
t oo mun ii zuu l k t win .
Caroline's on vacation in Brazil. She's there now.
Caroline i ngh Brazil. C y by gi ang y.
CarolineBrazil
() ii i razil . koo z aa .
ENVNN
816
EN
IPA
EN
How long has she been in Brazil?
IPA
C y Brazil c bao lu ri?

Brazil
koo aa razil k aa l zoo ?
EN
She's been in Brazil since Monday.
VNN
818
IPA
C y t Th hai.
koo aa t t haa .
EN
She's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
VNN
819
VNN
IPA
820
She arrived in Brazil on Monday. Today's Thursday.

C y n Brazil hm Th hai. Hm nay l Th nm.
Brazil
koo en razil hoom t haa . hoom n laa t nm .
VNN
817
183
EN
VNN
IPA
C y c ba ngy.
koo aa k aa .
Emil and Larisa are married. They've been married for five (5)
years.
Emil v Larisa l v chng. H ci nhau c nm nm.
EmilLarisa
() vaa () laa v m . h aa k k nm
nm .
184
821
EN
VNN
IPA
822
EN
VNN
IPA
823
EN
Do you know her? How long have you known her?

Cu c bit c y khng? Cu bit c y c bao lu ri?
k k it koo xm ? k it koo k aa l
zoo ?
I know Charlotte. I've known her for a long time.
EN
Karla lives in Tokyo. How long has she lived in Tokyo?
IPA
Karla sng Tokyo. C y sng Tokyo bao lu ri?

KarlaTokyoTokyo
() sm () . koo sm () aa l zoo ?
EN
She's lived there all her life.
VNN
825
Cu kt hn cha? Cu kt hn c bao lu ri?
k aa ket hoon ? k ket hoon k aa l

zoo ?
IPA
824
Are you married? How long have you been married?
Ti bit Charlotte. Ti bit c y t lu ri.

Charlotte
t oo it () . t oo it koo t l zoo .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
C y sng c i.
koo sm ka .
ENVNN
826
EN
IPA
EN
I've had it since April.
VNN
IPA
828
EN
VNN
IPA
829
EN
Ti c n t thng t.
t oo k n t t a t .
I'm studying German. How long have you been studying
German?
Ti ang hc ting c. Cu hc ting c c bao lu ri?
t oo aa hkp t i k . k hkp t i k k
aa l zoo ?
I've been studying German for two (2) years.
IPA
Ti hc ting c c hai nm.
t oo aa hkp t i k k haa nm .
EN
Gerard's watching TV. How long has he been watching TV?
VNN
830
I have a car. How long have you had your car?

Ti c xe hi. Cu c xe hi c bao lu ri?
t oo k s h . k k s h k aa l zoo ?
VNN
827
185
VNN
IPA
Gerard ang xem v tuyn. Anh y xem v tuyn c bao

lu ri?
Gerard
() aa sm voo t win . aa sm voo t win k
aa l zoo ?
186
831
EN
IPA
EN
It's raining. It's been raining all day.
832
VNN
IPA
833
EN
VNN
IPA
834
EN
Tri ang ma. Tri ma c c ngy.
aa m . aa m k ka .
Svetlana and Maksim are married. They've been married since
nineteen ninety-nine (1999).
Svetlana v Maksim l v chng. H ng ci nhau t nm
mt nghn chn trm chn mi chn.
SvetlanaMaksim
() vaa () laa v m . h aa k t nm
mot ii n i n m i n m i n .
Severo's sick. He's been sick for the last few days.
IPA
Severo b m. Anh y m c my ngy hm nay.

Severo
() i om . aa om k m hoom n .
EN
We live on Main Street. We've lived there for a long time.
VNN
835
He's been watching TV since five [o'clock] (5:00).

Anh y xem v tuyn t lc nm gi.
aa sm voo t win t lkp nm z .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Chng ti sng ph Main. Chng ti sng t lu ri.

Main
m t oo sm fo () . m t oo aa sm t
l zoo .
ENVNN
836
EN
VNN
IPA
837
EN
VNN
IPA
838
EN
VNN
IPA
839
EN
VNN
IPA
187
Florentine works in a bank. She's worked in a bank for five (5)

years.
Florentine lm vic trong ngn hng, C y lm vic trong
ngn hng c nm nm.
Florentine
() laam vik m n haa , koo aa laam vik
m n haa k nm nm .
Hubert has a headache. He's had a headache since he got up this
morning.
Hubert b au u. Anh y b au u t lc anh y ng dy sng
nay.
Hubert
() i . i t lkp u
z sa n .
I'm studying English. I've studied English for six (6) months.
Ti ang hc ting Anh. Ti hc ting Anh c su thng.
t oo aa hkp t i . t oo aa hkp t i k
s t a .
How long have they been in Brazil?
H Brazil c bao lu ri?
Brazil
h razil k aa l zoo ?
188
840
EN
IPA
Cu bit Olivia c bao lu ri?

Olivia
k it () k aa l zoo ?
EN
How long has she studied Italian?
VNN
841
IPA
C y hc ting c bao lu ri?
koo hkp t i i k aa l zoo ?
EN
How long has he lived in Seattle?
VNN
842
IPA
C y sng Seatle c bao lu ri?

Seatle
koo sm seatl k aa l zoo ?
EN
How long have you been a teacher?
VNN
843
IPA
C y lm gio vin c bao lu ri?
koo laam za vin k aa l zoo ?
EN
How long has it been raining?
VNN
844
IPA
Tri ma c bao lu ri?
m k aa l zoo ?
EN
They've been married for ten (10) years.
VNN
845
How long have you known Olivia?
VNN
IPA
H ci nhau c mi nm.
h aa k k m nm .
ENVNN
ENVNN
846
EN
IPA
EN
Giselle and I are friends. I know her very well.
IPA
Giselle v ti l ban, Ti bit rt r v c y.

Giselle
() vaa t oo laa aan , t oo it zt z vee koo .
EN
Luisa and I are friends. I've known her for a long time.
VNN
848
IPA
Luisa v ti l bn. Ti quen c y t lu ri.

Luisa
() vaa t oo laa an . t oo aa kun koo t l zoo .
EN
Sorry I'm late. How long have you been waiting?
VNN
849
VNN
IPA
850
Leonardo's lived in Canada since April.

Leonardo sng Canada t thng t.
LeonardoCanada
() aa sm kanadaa t t a t .
VNN
847
189
EN
VNN
IPA
Xin li ti n mun. Cu i c bao lu ri?
siin loo t oo en mun . k aa k aa l zoo

?
Jean works in a hotel now. He likes his job a lot.
Jean hin ang lm vic trong mt khch sn. Anh y rt thch
cng vic ca mnh.
Jean
() hin aa laam vik m mot xk san .
zt t k km vik ku m .
190
851
EN
VNN
IPA
852
EN
How long have you lived in this house?
EN
Is that a new coat? No, I've had this coat for a long time.
VNN
IPA
EN
VNN
IPA
855
Isabelle ang c bo. C y c c hai ting ng h ri.

Isabelle
() aa kp a . koo aa kp k haa t i
m hoo zoo .
IPA
854
Isabelle's reading the newspaper. She's been reading it for two

(2) hours.
Cu sng trong ngi nh ny c bao lu ri?
k aa sm m oo aa n k aa l zoo ?
VNN
853
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
o khoc mi y ? - Khng, o ny ti c lu ri.
a xwak m aa ? - xm , a n t oo k l zoo .
Maalik's in Seattle right now. He's been there for the last three
(3) days.
Maalik hin ang ngay Seattle. Anh y ba hm va
qua.
MaalikSeattle
() hin aa () . aa aa hoom v
kwaa .
Yasmin's in Brazil. She's been there for three (3) days.
Yasmin ang Brazil. C y c ba hm.
YasminBrazil
() aa razil . koo aa k aa hoom .
ENVNN
856
EN
IPA
EN
Lucien has been in Canada for six (6) months.
IPA
Lucien Canada c su thng.

LucienCanada
() aa kanadaa k s t a .
EN
Lucien has been in Canada since January.
VNN
858
IPA
Lucien Canada t thng mt.

LucienCanada
() aa kanadaa t t a mot .
EN
We've been waiting for two (2) hours.
VNN
859
IPA
Chng ti i c hai ting ng h.
m t oo aa k haa t i m hoo .
EN
We've been waiting since nine [o'clock] (9:00).
VNN
860
IPA
Chng ti i t lc chn gi.
m t oo aa t lkp i n z .
EN
I've lived in Chicago for a long time.
VNN
861
Today's Wednesday. She's been there since Monday.

Hm nay l Th t. C y t Th hai.
hoom n laa t t . koo aa t t haa .
VNN
857
191
VNN
IPA
Ti sng Chicago lu ri.

Chicago
t oo sm () aa l zoo .
192
862
EN
IPA
EN
Jasmine started her new job three (3) weeks ago.
863
IPA
Jasmine bt u cng vic mi cch y ba tun.

Jasmine
() aa t km vik m kk aa t wn .
EN
When did Noboru leave? He left ten (10) minutes ago.
VNN
864
IPA
Noboru i lc no th? - Anh y i cch y mi pht.

Noboru
() ii lkp naa t e ? - ii kk m fut .
EN
I had dinner an hour ago.
VNN
865
IPA
Ti n ti mt ting trc.
t oo aa n t o mot t i k .
EN
Life was very different a hundred (100) years ago.
VNN
866
IPA
Cuc sng mt trm nm trc rt khc.
kuk sm mot m nm k zt xak .
EN
When did Michiko arrive in Brazil?
VNN
867
I've lived in Chicago since I was ten (10) years old.

Ti sng Chicago t khi ti mi tui.
Chicago
t oo aa sm () t xii t oo m t u .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Michiko n Brazil lc no?

MichikoBrazil
() aa en razil lkp naa ?
ENVNN
868
EN
IPA
EN
How long has she been in Brazil?
IPA
C y Brazil c bao lu?

Brazil
koo aa razil k aa l ?
EN
She's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
VNN
870
IPA
C y Brazil c ba ngy.
Brazil
koo aa razil k aa .
EN
My aunt has lived in Australia for fifteen (15) years.
VNN
871
VNN
IPA
872
She arrived in Brazil three (3) days ago.

C y n Brazil ba ngy trc.
Brazil
koo en razil aa k .
VNN
869
193
EN
VNN
IPA
C ca ti sng c c mi lm nm
koo ku t oo sm kp aa k m lm nm .
Lilianne's in her office. She's been there since seven [o'clock]
(7:00).
Lilianne ang vn phng. C y t lc by gi.
Lilianne
() aa vn fm . koo aa t lkp z .
194
873
EN
VNN
IPA
874
EN
VNN
IPA
875
EN
VNN
IPA
876
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Mexico has been an independent country since eighteen

twenty-one (1821).
Mexico tr thnh mt nc c lp t nm mt nghn tm
trm hai mi.
Mexico
() aa t mot nk kp lp t nm mot
ii n t am m haa m .
The bus is late. We've been waiting for twenty (20) minutes.
Xe bus n mun. Chng ti i c hai mi pht.
bus
s us en mun . m t oo aa k haa m fut
.
Nobody lives in those houses. They've been empty for many
years.
Khng ai sng trong nhng cn nh kia c. b khng
c nhiu nm.
xm aa sm m kn aa kii ka .
xm aa k i nm .
Michel's been sick for a long time. He's been in the hospital
since October of last year.
Michel b m lu. Anh y trong bnh vin t thng mi
nm ngoi.
Michel
() i om aa l . aa m e vin t
t a m nm wa .
ENVNN
877
EN
IPA
EN
When was the last time you were sick? Five months ago.
VNN
IPA
879
EN
VNN
IPA
880
EN
VNN
IPA
881
When was the last time you ate? Three hours ago.
Ln gn y nht cu n l lc no? - Ba ting trc.
ln n t k n laa lkp naa ? - aa t i k .
VNN
878
195
EN
VNN
IPA
Ln gn y nht cu m l lc no? - Nm thng trc.
ln n t k om laa lkp naa ? - nm t a k .

When was the last time you went to the movies? Just last
week.
Ln gn y nht cu i xem film l lc no? - Mi tun trc.
film
ln n t k ii sm film laa lkp naa ? - m
t wn k .
When was the last time you were in a car? Just this morning.
Ln gn y nht cu ngi xe hi lc no? - Mi sng nay.
ln n t k oo s h lkp naa ? - m sa n
.
When was the last time you went on vacation? A year ago.
Ln gn y nht cu i ngh l lc no? - Mt nm trc.
ln n t k ii i laa lkp naa ? - mot nm

k .
196
882
EN
VNN
IPA
883
EN
Mungeol and Weonhye got married twenty (20) years ago.
EN
Nicholas arrived an hour ago.
IPA
Nicholas n cch y mt ting ng h.

Nicholas
() aa en kk mot t i m hoo .
EN
I bought these shoes a few days ago.
VNN
IPA
Ti mua i giy ny my hm trc.
t oo muu oo z n m hoom k .
EN
Miriam's been studying English for six (6) months.
VNN
886
Vn Kit v Vin Hu ly nhau c hai mi nm.
vn kit vaa vin hwe aa l k haa m

nm .
IPA
885
Mungeol and Weonhye have been married for twenty (20) years.
Vn Kit v Vin Hu ly nhau cch y hai mi nm.
vn kit vaa vin hwe l kk haa m nm .
VNN
884
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Miriam hc ting Anh c su thng.

Miriam
() aa hkp t i k s t a .
ENVNN
887
EN
IPA
EN
Natalie's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
IPA
Natalie Brazil c ba ngy.

NatalieBrazil
() aa razil k aa .
EN
Geonhong's been here since Tuesday.
VNN
889
IPA
Geonhong y t Th ba.
Geonhong
() aa t t aa .
EN
It's been raining for an hour.
VNN
890
IPA
Tri ma c mt ting.
aa m k mot t i .
EN
I've known Mengjuan since two thousand two (2002).
VNN
891
Have you known Heuijeong for a long time?

Cu bit Hi Chnh t lu ri ?
k it hii t l zoo aa ?
VNN
888
197
VNN
IPA
Ti bit Mng Quyn t nm hai nghn khng trm linh mt.
t oo aa it mm kwin t nm haa ii n xm
m l mot .
198
892
EN
IPA
EN
Hitomi has studied medicine at the university for three (3) years.
VNN
IPA
894
EN
VNN
IPA
895
Remy and Pauline have been married for six (6) months.
Remy v Pauline kt hn c su thng.
RemyPauline
() vaa () aa ket hoon k s t a .
VNN
893
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
Hitomi hc ngnh dc trng i hc c ba nm.

Hitomi
() aa hkp zk a hkp k
aa nm .
Ichirou's played the piano since he was seven (7) years old.
Ichirou chi n t khi anh y by tui
Ichirou
() aa aan t xii t u .
His car's dirty. He's washing his car. He's washed his car. It's
clean now.
Xe hi ca anh y bn. Anh y ang ra xe. Anh y ra xe.
By gi n sch ri.
s h ku n . aa z s . aa z
s . z n sk zoo .
ENVNN
896
EN
VNN
IPA
897
EN
VNN
IPA
898
EN
They're at home. They're going out. They've gone out. They're

not at home now.
H ang nh. H ang i ra ngoi. H i ra ngoi. By gi
h khng nh.
h aa aa . h aa ii zaa waa . h aa ii zaa waa .

z h xm aa .
I've lost my passport. I can't find my passport now.
Ti lm mt h chiu. Ti by gi khng tm thy h chiu
u.
t oo aa laam mt ho i . t oo z xm t ii m t ho
i .
Where's Renee? She's gone to bed. She's in bed now.
IPA
Rene u? - C y i ng. C y gi ang ng.

Rene
zen ? - koo aa ii u . koo z aa u .
EN
We've bought a new car. We have a new car now.
VNN
899
199
VNN
IPA
Chng ti mua mt chic xe hi mi. Gi chng ti c xe

hi mi.
m t oo aa muu mot ik s h m . z m t oo
aa k s h m .
200
900
EN
VNN
IPA
901
EN
VNN
IPA
902
EN
VNN
IPA
903
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
It's Rashmi's birthday tomorrow, and I haven't bought her a

present. > I don't have a present for her yet.
Ngy mai l sinh nht Rashmi, m ti cha mua qu cho c y.
Ti cha c qu cho c y.
Rashmi
maa laa s t () , maa t oo muu kuaa
koo . t oo k kuaa koo .
Junhong is away on vacation. Where has he gone? Where is he
now?
Junhong ang i ngh. Anh y i u? By gi anh y ang
u?
Junhong
() aa ii i . aa ii ? z aa
?
Have you met my brother, or should I introduce you?
Cu gp anh trai ti cha, hay l ti gii thiu vi cu?
k p aa t oo , h laa e t oo z t i v
k ?
I was a very slow typist in college, but I've gotten faster.
Ti nh my rt chm hi cn i hc, nhng gi ti g
nhanh hn.
t oo m zt m hoo kn a hkp , z t oo
aa hn .
ENVNN
904
EN
VNN
IPA
905
EN
VNN
IPA
906
EN
VNN
IPA
907
EN
Where's your key? I've lost it. I lost it.

Cha kho ca cu u? - Ti lm mt n ri. Ti lm mt n.
ii xwa ku k ? - t oo laam mt n zoo . t oo aa

laam mt n .
Is Oliver here? No, he's gone home. He went home.
C Oliver khng? - Khng, anh y v nh ri. Anh y v
nh.
Oliver
k () xm ? - xm , vee aa zoo .
aa vee aa .
We've bought a new car. We bought a new car.
Chng ti mua xe hi mi ri. Chng ti mua mt chic xe
mi.
chic
m t oo muu s h m zoo . m t oo aa muu mot
ik s m .
I lost my keys yesterday.
IPA
Ti lm mt cha kho hm qua.
t oo aa laam mt ii xwa hoom kwaa .
EN
I lost my keys last week.
VNN
908
201
VNN
IPA
Ti lm mt cha kho tun trc.
t oo aa laam mt ii xwa t wn k .
202
909
EN
VNN
IPA
910
EN
We bought a new car yesterday.
EN
We bought a new car last week.
IPA
Chng ti mua mt chic xe hi mi tun trc.
m t oo aa muu mot ik s h m t wn k .
EN
We've bought two (2) new cars in the last three (3) years.
VNN
VNN
IPA
913
Ti lm mt cha kho c nm ln trong thng ny.
t oo aa laam mt ii xwa k nm ln m t a
n .
IPA
912
I've lost my keys five (5) times this month.
Chng ti mua mt chic xe hi mi ngy hm qua.
m t oo aa muu mot ik s h m hoom kwaa .
VNN
911
ENVNN
EN
VNN
IPA
Chng ti mua c hai chic xe hi mi trong ba nm va

qua.
m t oo aa muu k haa ik s h m m
aa nm v kwaa .
Serge isn't here. He went home. > He's already gone home.
Serge khng c y. Anh y v nh. > Anh y v nh
ri.
Serge? >
() xm k . aa vee aa . > aa vee
aa zoo .
ENVNN
914
EN
VNN
IPA
915
EN
VNN
IPA
916
EN
VNN
IPA
917
EN
VNN
IPA
203
I don't need to call them. I wrote them an email. > I've already
written them an email.
Ti khng cn phi gi h. Ti vit cho h mt l th in t.
Ti vit cho h mt l th in t ri.
t oo xm kn fa h . t oo vit h mot la t
in t . t oo aa vit h mot la t in t zoo .
Sabine's not coming to the party. She broke her arm. > She's
broken her arm.
Sabine s khng n ba tic. C y b gy tay. > C y b
gy tay.
Sabine? >
() s xm en t ik . koo i t . >
koo aa i t .
My brother and his wife don't live here any more. They moved
to Seattle. > They've moved to Seattle.
Anh trai ti v v anh khng sng y na. H chuyn n
Seattle. > H chuyn n Seattle.
Seattle? >
Seattle
aa t oo vaa v i xm sm n . h
win en () . > h aa win en () .
I made a mistake. > I've made a mistake.
Ti phm sai lm. Ti phm sai lm.
t oo aa fam saa lm . t oo aa fam saa lm .
204
918
EN
IPA
EN
Did you see it anywhere? > Have you seen it anywhere?
919
VNN
IPA
920
EN
Did you hear? > Have you heard?
IPA
EN
Theo got married. > Theo's gotten married.
IPA
Theo kt hn. > Theo kt hn ri.

? >
() aa ket hoon . > () aa ket hoon zoo .
EN
I've done the shopping. > I did the shopping.
VNN
922
Cu c thy n u khng? Cu thy n u cha?
k k t n xm ? k aa t n
?
Cu c nghe thy khng? Cu nghe thy cha?
k k t xm ? k aa t ?
VNN
921
I lost my wallet. > I've lost my wallet.

Ti b mt v. > Ti lm mt v.
? >
t oo i mt vi . > t oo aa laam mt vi .
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Ti i mua sm xong ri. > Ti i mua sm.

? >
t oo aa ii muu sm sm zoo . > t oo aa ii muu sm .
ENVNN
923
EN
VNN
IPA
924
EN
VNN
IPA
925
EN
VNN
IPA
926
EN
VNN
IPA
205
Gustavo has taken my bike again without asking. > Gustavo

took my bike without asking.
Gustavo li ly xe p ca ti m khng xin php. > Gustavo
ly xe p ca ti m khng xin php.
Gustavo? > Gustavo
() la l s ap ku t oo maa xm siin fp . > ()

aa l s ap ku t oo maa xm siin fp .
Have you told your friends the good news? > Did you tell your
friends the good news?
Cu bo tin vui cho cc bn ca cu cha? Cu c bo tin vui
cho cc bn ca cu khng?
k aa a t iin vuu kak an ku k ? k k

a t iin vuu kak an ku k xm ?
We haven't paid the electric bill yet. > We didn't pay the electric
bill.
Chng ti cha tr tin in. > Chng ti khng tr tin in.
? >
m t oo a t in in . > m t oo aa xm a
t in in .
Are Vincent and Valerie here? Yes, they just arrived.
C Vincent v Valerie khng? - C, h va mi n.
VincentValerie
k () vaa () xm ? - k , h v m en .
206
927
EN
IPA
EN
Is Niraj here? No, he just left.
928
VNN
IPA
929
EN
What time are Nikolai and Victoria coming? They've already

arrived.
IPA
EN
It's only nine o'clock (9:00) and Ines has already gone to bed.
IPA
Mi c chn gi Ines i ng ri.

Ines
m k i n z () aa ii u zoo .
EN
This is Yvonne. Yes, we've already met.
VNN
931
Niraj c khng? - Khng, anh y va mi i.

Niraj
() k xm ? - xm , v m ii .
Nikolai v Victoria my gi s n? - H n ri.

NikolaiVictoria
() vaa () m z s en ? - h aa en zoo .
VNN
930
Are you hungry? No, I just had dinner.

Cu c i khng? - Khng, ti va mi n.
k k xm ? - xm , t oo v m n .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
y l Yvonne. - Vng, chng ti gp nhau ri.

Yvonne
laa () . - v , m t oo aa p zoo .
ENVNN
932
EN
VNN
IPA
933
EN
VNN
IPA
934
EN
VNN
IPA
935
EN
VNN
IPA
207
Are Isidor and Sandra here? No, they haven't arrived yet.
C Isidor v Sandra khng? - Khng, h vn cha n.
IsidorSandra
k () vaa () xm ? - xm , h vn en
.
Does Yannick know that you're going away? No, I haven't
told him yet.
Yannick c bit l cu i vng khng? - Khng, ti cha bo cu
y.
Yannick
() k it laa k ii v xm ? - xm , t oo
a k .
Dora has bought a new dress, but she hasn't worn it yet.
Dora mua mt b o vy mi nhng c y cha mc n.
Dora
() aa muu mot o a v m koo mk
n .
Have Chandra and Indira arrived yet? No, not yet. We're still
waiting for them.
Chandra v Idria n cha? - Cha. Chng ti vn ang i
h.
ChandraIdria
() vaa Idrii aa en ? - . m t oo vn
aa h .
208
936
EN
VNN
IPA
937
EN
VNN
IPA
938
EN
VNN
IPA
939
EN
VNN
IPA
940
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Has Zinaida started her new job yet? No, she's starting next
week.
Zinaida bt u cng vic mi cha? Cha, c y s bt u
vo tun ti.
Zinaida
() aa t km vik m ? , koo
s t vaa t wn t .
This is my new dress. It's nice, have you worn it yet?
y l b o vy mi ca ti. - p y, cu mc n cha?
laa o a v m ku t oo . - p , k aa mk n
?
What time is Stan arriving? He's already arrived.
Stan bao gi s n? - Anh y n ri.
Stan
() aa z s en ? - aa en zoo .
Do your friends want to see the movie? No, they've already
seen it.
Bn ca cu c mun xem film khng? - Khng, h xem n
ri.
film
an ku k k mun sm film xm ? - xm , h aa
sm n zoo .
Don't forget to call Vadim. I've already called him.
ng qun gi cho Vadim. - Ti gi anh y ri.
Vadim
kween () . - t oo aa zoo .
ENVNN
941
EN
IPA
EN
When does Hanako start her new job? She's already started it.
VNN
IPA
943
EN
Has Tamara started her new job yet?
IPA
EN
Have you told your father about the accident yet?
IPA
Cu ni vi b cu v v tai nn cha?
k aa n v o k vee vu t aa nan ?
EN
I've just eaten a big dinner, so I'm not hungry.
VNN
945
Bao gi Hanako bt u cng vic mi? - C y bt u lm

ri.
Hanako
aa z () t km vik m ? - koo aa t
laam zoo .
Tamara bt u cng vic mi cha?

Tamara
() aa t km vik m ?
VNN
944
When is Hideki going to work? He's already gone to work.

Bao gi Hideki s i lm? - Anh y i lm ri.
Hideki
aa z () s ii laam ? - aa ii laam zoo .
VNN
942
209
VNN
IPA
Ti va mi n mt ba ti no nn ti khng i.
t oo v m n mot t o n neen t oo xm .
210
946
EN
VNN
IPA
947
EN
You can't talk to Vladimir because he's just gone home.
IPA
EN
Cu khng th ni chuyn vi Vladimir c v anh y va v

nh.
Vladimir
k xm t e n win v () k vii v
vee aa .
Ramona's just gotten out of the hospital, so she can't go to work.
IPA
Ramona va mi ra vin nn c y khng i lm c.

Ramona
() v m zaa vin neen koo xm ii laam k .
EN
Have you given the post office our new address yet?
VNN
950
You can't go to bed. You haven't brushed your teeth yet.
EN
VNN
949
Mng Tuyn c th xem v tuyn v c y lm xong bi tp

v nh.
mm t win k t e sm voo t win vii koo aa laam

sm aa t p vee aa .
IPA
948
Mengxuan can watch TV because she's already done her

homework.
Cu khng th i ng c. Cu cha nh rng.
k xm t e ii u k . k z .
VNN
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Cu a cho bu in a ch mi nh chng ta cha?
k aa in i i m aa m t aa
?
ENVNN
951
EN
IPA
EN
I've just spoken to your sister.
IPA
Ti va mi ni chuyn vi em gi cu.
t oo v m n win v m a k .
EN
Has Jianwen bought a new computer yet?
VNN
953
VNN
IPA
954
EN
VNN
IPA
955
The postman hasn't come yet.

Nhn vin bu in cha n.
n vin in en .
VNN
952
211
EN
VNN
IPA
Kin Vn mua my tnh mi cha?
kin vn aa muu m t m ?
Geonho and Ayeong haven't told anyone they're getting married
yet.
Kin Ho v Nh Linh cha ni vi ai l h ci nhau.
kin haa vaa aa l n v aa laa h aa k

.
We've already done our packing for our trip.
Chng ti ng gi xong xui cho chuyn i.
m t oo aa m sm su win ii .
212
956
EN
VNN
IPA
957
EN
VNN
IPA
958
EN
VNN
IPA
959
EN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
I've just swum a mile and I feel great.

Ti va mi bi c mt dm v ti cm thy tuyt vi.
t oo v m k mot zm vaa t oo kam t t wit

v .
Your friend has a new job. Ask her if she has started her new job
yet.
Bn ca cu c mt cng vic mi. Hi c y xem c y bt
u cng vic mi cha.
an ku k k mot km vik m . h koo sm koo

aa t km vik m .
Your friend has some new neighbors. Ask him if he has met his
new neighbors.
Bn ca cu c vi ngi hng xm mi. Hi anh y xem anh
y gp hng xm mi ca mnh cha.
an ku k k vaa haa sm m . h sm
aa p haa sm m ku m .
Your friend has to pay her phone bill. Ask her if she has paid her
phone bill yet.
Bn ca cu phi tr tin in thoi. Hi c y xem c y tr
tin in thoi cha.
an ku k fa a t in in t wa . h koo sm koo
aa a t in in t wa .
ENVNN
960
EN
VNN
IPA
961
EN
I saw Malika yesterday.
EN
Where were you on Sunday afternoon?
IPA
Cu u chiu hm ch nht?
k aa i hoom u t ?
EN
We didn't take a vacation last year.
VNN
IPA
Chng ti nm ngoi khng i ngh.
m t oo nm wa xm ii i .
EN
What did you do last night? I stayed at home.
VNN
964
Victor mun bn xe hi ca anh y. Hi anh y xem anh y

bn xe hi ca anh y cha.
Victor
() aa mun an s h ku . h sm
aa an s h ku .
IPA
963
Victor was trying to sell his car. Ask him if he has sold his car
yet.
Ti thy Malika hm qua.

Malika
t oo t () hoom kwaa .
VNN
962
213
VNN
IPA
Cu lm g ti hm qua. - Ti nh.
k aa laam ii t o hoom kwaa . - t oo aa .
214
965
EN
IPA
EN
When did you buy your computer?
IPA
Cu mua my tnh u?
k aa muu m t ?
EN
What time did Jamaal go out?
VNN
967
IPA
Jamaal i ra ngoi lc my gi?

Jamaal
() aa ii zaa waa lkp m z ?
EN
Kenji went home.
VNN
968
IPA
Kenji i v nh.
Kenji
() aa ii vee aa .
EN
Did you have lunch today?
VNN
969
IPA
Cu c n tra hm nay khng?
k k n hoom n xm ?
EN
The email didn't arrive at all.
VNN
970
Shakespeare was a writer and wrote many plays and poems.

Shakespeare l mt nh vn v vit nhiu kch v th.
Shakespeare
() laa mot aa vn vaa aa vit i k k vaa t .
VNN
966
ENVNN
VNN
IPA
Bc th in t khng h n.
k t in t aa xm hee en .
ENVNN
971
EN
VNN
IPA
972
EN
VNN
IPA
973
EN
VNN
IPA
974
EN
VNN
IPA
215
Have you ever been to Spain? Did you go to Spain last year?
Cu n Ty Ban Nha bao gi cha? Cu nm ngoi c i
Ty Ban Nha khng?
k aa en t aan aa aa z ? k nm wa
k ii t aan aa xm ?
My friend has written many books. Shakespeare wrote many
plays and poems.
Bn ti vit c nhiu cun sch. Shakespeare vit nhiu
kch v th.
Shakespeare
an t oo vit aa k i kun sk . () aa vit
i k k vaa t .
The email hasn't arrived yet. > The email didn't arrive today.
Bc th in t cha n. Bc th in t hm nay khng
n.
k t in t en . k t in t hoom
n aa xm en .
We've lived in Paris for six (6) years. > We lived in Paris for
six (6) years, but now we live in Rome.
Chng ti sng Paris c su nm ri. Chng ti sng
Paris su nm nhng gi chng ti sng Roma.
ParisParis
Roma
m t oo sm () aa k s nm zoo . m t oo
aa sm () s nm z m t oo sm
zomaa .
216
975
EN
IPA
Ti n tra cch y mt ting.
t oo n kk mot t i .
EN
I started my new job last week.
VNN
976
IPA
Ti bt u cng vic mi tun trc.
t oo aa t km vik m t wn k .
EN
My friends arrived on Friday.
VNN
977
IPA
Bn ca ti n hm Th su.
an ku t oo aa en hoom t s .
EN
Keiko went out at five [o'clock] (5:00).
VNN
978
IPA
Keiko ra ngoi lc nm gi.

Keiko
() aa zaa waa lkp nm z .
EN
I wore my new suit yesterday.
VNN
979
I had lunch an hour ago.
VNN
IPA
Ti mc b complet mi ngy hm qua.

complet
t oo aa mk o komplt m hoom kwaa .
ENVNN
ENVNN
980
EN
VNN
IPA
981
EN
VNN
IPA
982
EN
VNN
IPA
983
EN
VNN
IPA
217
Have you seen Veda? > Did you see Veda yesterday?
Cu thy Veda cha? Cu c gp Veda hm qua khng?
VedaVeda
k aa t () ? k k p () hoom kwaa
xm ?
I've finished my work. > I finished my work at two [o'clock]
(2:00).
Ti xong vic ri. Ti xong vic lc hai gi.
t oo aa sm vik zoo . t oo aa sm vik lkp haa

z .
Have you finished? > What time did you finish your work?
Cu xong cha? Cu xong vic lc my gi?
k aa sm ? k aa sm vik lkp m
z ?
Liting isn't here; she's gone out.
L nh khng c y; c y ra ngoi ri.
le xm k ; koo aa zaa waa zoo .
218
984
EN
VNN
IPA
985
EN
My friend is a writer, and has written many books.
IPA
EN
Bn ti l mt nh vn v vit c nhiu cun sch.
an t oo laa mot aa vn vaa aa vit k i kun

sk .
I played tennis yesterday afternoon.
IPA
Ti chi qun vt chiu hm qua.
t oo kwn vt i hoom kwaa .
EN
What time did you go to bed last night?
VNN
988
Where have you been? > Where were you last night?
EN
VNN
987
B ca Sanjit cht ri. B ca Sanjit cht cch y hai

nm.
SanjitSanjit
aa ku () aa et zoo . aa ku () aa et kk
haa nm .
IPA
986
Sanjit's grandmother has died. > Sanjit's grandmother died two

(2) years ago.
Cu va u? Cu u ti qua?
k v ? k aa t o kwaa ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Cu i ng lc my gi ti hm qua?
k ii u lkp m z t o hoom kwaa ?
ENVNN
989
EN
IPA
EN
The weather wasn't very good yesterday.
IPA
Thi tit hm qua khng tt lm.
t t it hoom kwaa xm t ot lm .
EN
Mira travels a lot. She's visited many countries.
VNN
991
VNN
IPA
992
EN
VNN
IPA
993
Have you ever met a famous person?

Cu bao gi gp ngi ni ting cha?
k aa aa z p no t i ?
VNN
990
219
EN
VNN
IPA
Mira i du lch rt nhiu. C y n thm c rt nhiu

nc.
Mira
() ii zuu l k zt i . koo aa en t m k zt
i nk .
I turned off the light before leaving this morning.
Ti tt n trc khi i lc sng nay.
t oo aa t t n k xii ii lkp sa n .
I live in New York now, but I've lived in Mexico for many
years.
Ti hin sng New York, nhng ti sng Mexico nhiu
nm.
New YorkMexico
t oo hin sm () () , t oo aa sm ()
i nm .
220
994
EN
VNN
IPA
995
EN
We went there on vacation two (2) years ago.
IPA
Chng ti i ngh hai nm trc.
m t oo aa ii i haa nm k .
EN
Did you have a good time?
IPA
Khong thi gian cu c c hay khng?
xwa t zaan k k k h xm ?
EN
We had a great time. It was wonderful.
VNN
998
Have you ever been to Florida?
EN
VNN
997
i Loan trng nh th no? N c p khng? - Ti khng bit.

Ti cha tng n .
aa lwaan m t e naa ? n k p xm ? - t oo
xm it . t oo t en .
IPA
996
What's Taiwan like? Is it beautiful? I don't know. I've never

been there.
Cu n Florida bao gi cha?

Florida
k aa en () aa z ?
VNN
VNN
IPA
ENVNN
Chng ti c mt khong thi gian tuyt vi. Rt k diu.
m t oo aa k mot xwa t zaan t wit v . zt kii

zi .
ENVNN
999
EN
What does your girlfriend do?
IPA
Bn gi cu lm ngh g?
an a k laam ee ii ?
EN
She's a painter. She's won many prizes for her paintings.
VNN
1000
221
VNN
IPA
C y lm ho s. C y ginh c nhiu gii thng cho

nhng bc v ca mnh.
koo laam hwa sii . koo aa z k i za t

k v ku m .
222
ENVNN
Vietnamese IIndex
ndex
[aa]: 61, 96, 117, 156, 212, 219, 221, 227,
231, 241, ..., +8
ai [aa]: 76, 108, 129, 211, 783, 875, 954
alaska [alaskaa]: 774
m [m]: 15, 661
m [m]: 30, 384, 385
n [n]: 159, 161, 167, 169, 173, 175, 182,
193, 235, 249, ..., +29
anh []: 6, 7, 11, 43, 69, 107, 170, 172,
175, 186, ..., +124
nh []: 92, 129, 361, 448, 449, 490, 494,
495, 566
o [a]: 18, 204, 554, 578, 658, 693, 737,
853, 934, 937
australia [australii]: 779
y []: 7, 8, 11, 13, 17, 43, 63, 69, 77, 79,
..., +260
b [aa]: 63, 984
ba [aa]: 138, 271, 310, 485, 516, 539, 566,
577, 592, 619, ..., +18
bc [ak]: 140, 143, 581
bi [aa]: 163, 564, 612, 726, 946
bi [aa]: 178, 651
bn [an]: 5, 78, 86, 219, 240, 302, 327,
361, 392, 525, ..., +14
bn [aan]: 174, 429, 561, 590, 766
bn [n]: 298, 895
ban [aan]: 335, 793, 847, 971
bn [an]: 671, 794
bn [n]: 725
bn [an]: 750, 765, 960
bng []: 315, 316, 358, 515, 599, 645,
741, 767, 814
bnh []: 524
bao [aa]: 23, 49, 68, 72, 123, 125, 137,
149, 298, 304, ..., +61
bo [a]: 158, 199, 207, 472, 602, 684,
851, 924
bo [a]: 295, 933
bar [ar]: 355
bt [t]: 271, 580, 598, 713, 723, 863,

936, 942, 943, 957, ..., +1
bu []: 328, 329, 402, 403
by []: 124, 271, 292, 314, 580, 594, 629,
686, 771, 872, ..., +1
by []: 155, 213, 223, 226, 422, 450,
453, 456, 471, 529, ..., +11
bay []: 283, 380, 592, 594, 596, 597,
598, 770, 781, 788, ..., +2
by []: 674
b []: 557, 581, 745, 751, 768, 772
b []: 601
b [e]: 667
bn [en]: 121, 715
bn [een]: 178
bnh [e]: 876
bp [ep]: 175, 478, 687
b [i ]: 53, 98, 484, 519, 558, 636, 654,
663, 717, 719, ..., +7
bin [in]: 178, 651
bit [it]: 181
bit [it]: 326, 340, 363, 368, 437, 461,
520, 556, 561, 656, ..., +12
biu [i]: 589
b [o]: 57, 70, 80, 81, 111, 130, 241, 264,
377, 386, ..., +6
b [o]: 227, 280, 479, 580, 595, 613, 657,
658, 813, 934, ..., +2
b []: 875
bi []: 43, 177, 667, 758, 956
bi [oo]: 766
bn [n]: 120, 163, 166, 208, 296, 306,
556
bn [on]: 293, 366, 483, 524, 597, 647,
666, 682, 683, 713
bng [m]: 171, 328, 329, 348, 402,
403, 709, 733, 735, 753, ..., +3
brazil [razil]: 36, 777, 815, 816, 817, 839,
855, 867, 868, 869, ..., +2
ba [ ]: 401, 411, 548, 560, 572, 574,
624, 660, 685, 915, ..., +1
ENVNN
bc [ k]: 372, 970, 973
bc [k]: 722
bui [u]: 312, 317, 605, 636, 673
bus [us]: 121, 170, 231, 244, 315, 316,
451, 452, 715, 791, ..., +2
bt [ut]: 621
bu []: 72, 116, 620, 950, 951
c [k]: 301
c [ka]: 71, 117, 571, 583, 622, 825, 832,
875
c [kaa]: 317, 318, 320, 321, 370, 480, 593
cc [kak]: 279, 634, 813, 924
cch [kk]: 741, 750, 863, 864, 883, 884,
975, 984
ci [ka]: 3, 4, 14, 72, 74, 233, 242, 519,
554, 557, ..., +8
cam [kaam]: 125, 604
cm [km]: 186, 287, 338, 339, 395, 416,
520, 750
cm [kam]: 200, 255, 352, 522, 956
cn [kn]: 288, 875
cn [kn]: 443, 914
canada [kanadaa]: 65, 136, 388, 466, 774,
846, 857, 858
cnh [k]: 731
cao [kaa]: 681
cp [kp]: 681
cu [k]: 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29,
54, 55, ..., +245
cu [k]: 437, 447
cy [k]: 419, 750
ch [a]: 74
chc [k]: 732
chm [m]: 474, 903
chn [n]: 176, 527, 722, 792
chn [an]: 367
chn [n]: 731
chng []: 298
chy []: 229
chy []: 348, 733, 735, 753, 764
chay []: 373
chemise [emis]: 658
chn [n]: 593
chp [p]: 589
cht [et]: 585, 984
223
ch
ch
ch
cha
[i ]: 109, 405, 463, 501, 505, 812

[i ]: 392, 417, 419, 421, 423, 424, 631
[i ]: 950
[ii ]: 88, 507, 526, 561, 600, 740,
904, 907, 908, 909
chic [ik]: 486, 899, 910, 911, 912
chic [ik]: 906
chin [in]: 813
chiu [i]: 197, 787, 897
chiu [i]: 295, 582, 639, 962, 987
chim [iim]: 674
chn [i n]: 13, 294, 430, 575, 585, 638,
687, 688, 713, 833, ..., +2
chnh [ ]: 44, 363, 887
chu [i ]: 270, 298, 305, 397, 768
ch [oo]: 90, 122, 125, 257, 473, 634
cho []: 167, 296, 900, 914, 924, 940,
950, 955
ch []: 485, 498, 503, 516, 540
ch []: 596
chocolat [ocolaat]: 306, 389, 745
chi []: 166, 186, 279, 287, 290, 338,
339, 376, 390, 392, ..., +28
chng [m]: 820, 833
ch [u]: 77, 279, 374, 538, 582, 603, 615,
962
ch [ ]: 200, 255, 667
cha []: 47, 48, 141, 151, 406, 414,
773, 774, 778, 779, ..., +52
chui [uu]: 519
chm [uum]: 88
chng [m]: 161, 167, 173, 178, 209,
274, 278, 291, 302, 310, ..., +55
chng [ ]: 713
chp [up]: 448, 449
chuyn [win]: 369, 517, 519, 573, 591,
718, 724, 948, 952
chuyn [win]: 541, 596, 617, 955
chuyn [win]: 770, 916
c [k]: 2, 17, 53, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 82, 83,
..., +212
c [koo]: 8, 17, 45, 47, 49, 51, 79, 97, 101,
144, ..., +136
c [k]: 277, 397, 529, 530
c [ko]: 344
224
c [k]: 731
ci [k]: 578
cm [km]: 167
complet [komplt]: 692, 979
cn [kn]: 48, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395,
397, 540, 561, 581, ..., +7
con [kn]: 163, 166, 485, 487, 506, 516
cn [koon]: 527
cng [km]: 112, 166, 297, 319, 367,
395, 508, 681, 713, 850, ..., +6
c [k ]: 222
c [ku]: 760
ca [ku]: 18, 27, 28, 29, 66, 75, 88, 90,
102, 112, ..., +44
ca [k ]: 113, 294, 295, 454, 455, 483,
526, 559, 579, 654, ..., +3
cng [km]: 298, 330, 343, 394, 430,
431, 515, 758, 762, 769
cng [km]: 343, 475, 598, 748
cuc [kuk]: 664, 789, 866
ci [k]: 187, 238, 462
cui [ku]: 278, 383, 434, 598, 603
ci [k]: 782
ci [k]: 820, 833, 845, 954
cun [kun]: 778, 802, 972, 986
cng [k]: 37
[a]: 171, 777
[aa]: 362, 406, 414, 562, 576, 579,
584, 586, 587, 588, ..., +203
di [zaa]: 580
i [a]: 893, 903
i [aa]: 994
dm [zm]: 956
n [aan]: 76, 129, 419, 894
ng [aa]: 5
ang [aa]: 7, 8, 11, 17, 35, 51, 157, 158,
159, 160, ..., +139
ng []: 595
ng [aa]: 833
nh []: 569, 903, 947
do [za]: 681
p [ap]: 356, 414, 486, 504, 515, 700,
923
t [t]: 36, 273
ENVNN
t [t]: 74, 299, 300, 364, 542, 544, 553,

554
u []: 21, 63, 64, 78, 92, 100, 114,
121, 145, 166, ..., +32
u []: 190, 271, 484, 522, 580, 713,
837, 863, 936, 942, ..., +3
au []: 484, 522, 837
y []: 18, 88, 116, 178, 181, 214, 364,
375, 391, 408, ..., +24
y []: 61, 72, 90, 227, 234, 239, 370,
371, 523, 544, ..., +6
dy [z]: 296, 457, 458
dy [z]: 314, 399, 575, 593, 629, 673,
690, 712, 771, 837
[e]: 364, 590, 723, 902
d [zee]: 564
m [eem]: 292, 530, 551, 574, 627, 769
n [en]: 16, 54, 118, 244, 277, 303, 363,
380, 410, 430, ..., +56
en [n]: 95, 103, 132
n [n]: 122, 992
eo []: 247, 362, 500, 756
p [p]: 1, 14, 61, 72, 165, 311, 324,
372, 488, 523, ..., +15
dp [zp]: 687
u [ee]: 6, 524
i [ii]: 17, 56, 58, 117, 178, 181, 198, 203,
210, 213, ..., +89
d [zi ]: 350
a [i ]: 950
ch [ k]: 777
in [in]: 75, 116, 160, 340, 361, 410,
490, 499, 512, 520, ..., +13
in [in]: 344
iu [i]: 371
diu [zi]: 998
nh [ ]: 426, 983
dmitri [zmitrii]: 678
[]: 67, 122
[]: 130, 249, 439, 478, 519, 550, 560,
561, 622, 637, ..., +19
[oo]: 299, 678
[o]: 301
[]: 558
c [kp]: 48, 873
ENVNN
225
c [kp]: 158, 185, 199, 207, 233, 258,

281, 313, 359, 472, ..., +10
i []: 12, 41, 42, 84, 104, 541, 550, 927,
945
i [oo]: 131, 553, 681, 885
i []: 170, 211, 212, 231, 232, 596,
680, 715, 721, 849, ..., +4
i [o]: 188, 699, 733
i []: 825
dollar [zollar]: 73, 126, 566, 647
n [oon]: 101
n [n]: 586
dn [zn]: 687
ng [m]: 229, 247, 500, 851, 859,
884
ng [m]: 265, 432
ng [m]: 295, 559, 955
ng [m]: 351, 485, 516
d [z ]: 616
du [zuu]: 814, 991
a [ ]: 8, 117, 119, 123, 506
ua [uu]: 789, 795
a []: 950
dc [zkp]: 328, 329, 402, 403
c [ k]: 828, 829
ng [m]: 54, 88, 94, 135, 139, 156,
371, 597
dng [zm]: 360
ng [ ]: 553, 940
dng [z ]: 704, 724
c [k]: 167, 297, 308, 359, 484,
526, 550, 617, 801, 802, ..., +50
dc [zk]: 893
di [z]: 172, 177, 184, 253, 429
dng [z]: 186, 287, 338, 339, 416,
750
ng []: 759
t [ t]: 663
em [m]: 10, 262, 388, 403, 501, 505, 781,
952
film [film]: 227, 291, 304, 350, 351, 352,
361, 406, 577, 580, ..., +6
gi [a]: 10, 109, 388, 501, 781, 952, 999
gm [m]: 429
gn [n]: 116, 365, 375, 391, 770, 877,

878, 879, 880, 881
gp [p]: 224, 297, 365, 601, 715, 721,
722, 725, 783, 806, ..., +6
garage [arag]: 488
gare [ar]: 595, 680, 720, 723
gt [t]: 716
gy []: 717, 792, 915
gh [e]: 14, 192
ght [t]: 442
g [ii ]: 19, 25, 27, 29, 45, 66, 75, 102, 127,
131, ..., +45
gi [zaa]: 13
gi [za]: 73, 125, 275, 544, 553, 554, 566,
646, 647
gii [za]: 777
gim [zm]: 176
gian [zaan]: 528, 589, 612, 662, 761, 997,
998
gin [zn]: 567
gio [za]: 26, 139, 144, 156, 296, 843
giao [zaa]: 563
giu [z]: 2
giy [z]: 61, 131, 198, 300, 544, 885
giy [z]: 553
giy [z]: 621
gi [z]: 33, 34
gi [z]: 54, 155, 213, 223, 226, 271, 272,
294, 295, 298, ..., +92
gii [z]: 6, 43, 338, 339, 420, 467
gii [z]: 777, 804, 902
gi [z ]: 425
gia [z ]: 713, 813
ging [z]: 313, 531, 533
g []: 903
gi []: 167, 382, 410, 662, 710, 914, 940
gi [o]: 190
gi []: 955
golf [olf]: 780, 785
gi [ ]: 466, 595
guita [uitaa]: 423
guitar [uitar]: 418, 419, 420, 421, 422,
424, 760
hai [haa]: 24, 50, 69, 150, 501, 506, 516,
539, 602, 619, ..., +26
226
hn [haan]: 786
hng [haa]: 113, 262, 266, 294, 356, 357,
359, 466, 476, 559, ..., +6
hnh [h]: 351, 597
hnh [h]: 517
ho [haa]: 954
ht [hat]: 470
hu [h]: 524, 767
hay [h]: 258, 395, 657, 759, 772, 902,
997
h [hee]: 970
hn [hn]: 224
ht [het]: 476, 524, 767, 811
hi [hii]: 887
hin [hin]: 749, 850, 854, 993
hiu [hi]: 438, 474
hnh [h ]: 666
h [h]: 58, 71, 171, 180, 220, 237, 257,
258, 288, 326, ..., +44
h [hoo]: 229, 247, 500, 851, 859, 884
h [ho]: 787, 897
hoa [hwaa]: 289
ho [hwa]: 358, 680, 720, 814
ho [hwaa]: 521
ho [hwa]: 586
hc [hkp]: 51, 117, 195, 316, 457, 458,
726, 800, 809, 828, ..., +6
hi [h]: 60, 66, 94, 298, 331, 342, 360,
483, 486, 491, ..., +17
hi [h]: 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 957, 958,
959, 960
hi [hoo]: 540, 581, 688, 745, 751, 768,
809, 903
hm [hoom]: 1, 15, 31, 32, 33, 34, 113, 153,
215, 439, ..., +51
hn [hoon]: 47, 141, 151, 362, 805, 821,
892, 921
hn [hn]: 474, 480, 558, 903
hng [hm]: 230
hp [hp]: 636, 664
ht [ht]: 674
hu [hwe]: 882, 883
idria [idrii]: 935
jazz [jazz]: 345
kem [km]: 259, 260, 696
ENVNN
kt [ket]: 47, 141, 151, 362, 574, 580, 713,

805, 821, 892, ..., +1
ku [kee]: 160, 701, 703
khc [xak]: 274, 775, 801, 866
khch [xk]: 74, 178, 180, 219, 364, 542,
557, 598, 757, 766, ..., +1
khm [xam]: 695
kht [xat]: 12, 85, 152
khi [xii]: 404, 595, 676, 701, 703, 716, 718,
722, 735, 752, ..., +4
khiu [xi]: 284
kh [x]: 270, 305, 397, 564
kho [xwa]: 88, 507, 526, 561, 600, 740,
904, 907, 908, 909
khoc [xwak]: 18, 204, 554, 578, 693, 737,
853
khoi [xwa]: 572, 584
khong [xwa]: 997, 998
khc [xkp]: 236
kho [xw]: 70, 80, 81, 106, 107, 111, 119,
120, 484, 522, ..., +1
khi [x]: 594
khi [x]: 597
khng [xm]: 2, 12, 14, 16, 17, 32, 34,
37, 38, 40, ..., +343
khong [xm]: 512
khu [xuu]: 180
k [kii ]: 584, 625, 642, 998
k [ki ]: 595
ka [kii ]: 5
kia [kii]: 5, 76, 108, 372, 783, 875
kch [k k]: 965, 972
kin [kin]: 953, 954
kit [kit]: 382, 882, 883
kim [kiim]: 37
kinh [k]: 350
knh [k ]: 756
l [laa]: 6, 18, 19, 20, 27, 28, 29, 36, 43, 45,
..., +60
l [la]: 914
li [la]: 9, 451, 452, 479, 594, 679, 691,
754, 791, 799
li [la]: 74, 224, 243, 462, 542, 557, 656,
692, 724, 731, ..., +1
ENVNN
227
lm [laam]: 9, 10, 17, 25, 26, 139, 140, 143,

144, 156, ..., +88
lm [lm]: 13, 74, 228, 325, 334, 336, 338,
339, 354, 355, ..., +11
lam [laam]: 28, 94, 481
lm [lm]: 50, 580, 594, 682, 683, 686,
871
lm [lm]: 917
ln [ln]: 378, 400, 408, 472, 577, 749,
762, 777, 778, 779, ..., +19
lng [l]: 369
lnh [l]: 35, 59, 153, 154, 205, 549
lp [lp]: 873
lu [l]: 378, 400, 408, 472, 660, 817,
821, 822, 823, 824, ..., +18
ly [l]: 882, 883, 923
l [lee]: 559
l [le]: 983
ln [leen]: 176, 528, 644
l [li ]: 766
lch [l k]: 814, 991
linh [l]: 671, 891, 954
lu [li ]: 674
lo [l]: 674
loi [lwa]: 492
loan [lwaan]: 994
li [loo]: 176, 368, 460, 473, 474, 849
li [l]: 437, 447, 704
ln [ln]: 36, 267, 288, 413
lun [lwn]: 101
lc [lkp]: 272, 274, 294, 295, 298, 310,
426, 464, 476, 543, ..., +52
lun [lun]: 276, 277, 303, 305, 311, 315,
317, 357, 381, 399, ..., +2
m [maa]: 12, 557, 900, 923
mc [mk]: 204, 311, 672, 692, 693, 737,
934, 937, 979
mai [maa]: 224, 900
mi [ma]: 542
mang [maa]: 203, 427, 514, 694, 697, 723
mng [ma]: 588
mt [mt]: 197, 273, 664, 674
mt [mt]: 481, 519
mt [mt]: 600, 740, 787, 897, 904, 907,
908, 909, 918
mu [m]: 27, 28, 66, 67, 94, 95, 102,

103, 131, 132, ..., +1
my [m]: 4, 8, 14, 72, 117, 119, 123, 409,
476, 556, ..., +10
my [m]: 92, 490, 494, 495, 497, 502,
566, 597, 743, 781, ..., +6
m [m]: 7, 55, 56, 57, 63, 70, 110, 111,
241, 264, ..., +4
m [mee]: 769
mo [m]: 485, 516
mt [met]: 39, 40, 82, 471, 534, 541, 551,
648, 660
m [mii ]: 38, 97
mnh [m ]: 304, 319, 850, 958
minh [m]: 499
m [m]: 113, 294, 526, 559, 579, 661
mi [m]: 61, 131, 508, 554, 566, 575, 658,
808, 853, 863, ..., +26
mi [m]: 308, 525
mi [moo]: 394, 404, 601, 604
mn [moon]: 127, 128, 764
mng [mm]: 891, 946
mt [mot]: 36, 43, 73, 126, 180, 292, 301,
304, 343, 369, ..., +66
m [muu]: 188, 699
ma [m]: 165, 194, 202, 225, 251, 265,
325, 415, 427, 432, ..., +14
ma [muu]: 265, 432
mua [muu]: 553, 588, 602, 631, 658, 678,
885, 899, 900, 906, ..., +7
mi [m]: 13, 24, 50, 69, 138, 150,
271, 310, 539, 585, ..., +11
mi [m]: 124, 552, 580, 594, 632,
668, 675, 683, 685, 686, ..., +8
mun [mun]: 16, 53, 98, 118, 278, 332,
475, 537, 545, 546, ..., +6
mun [mun]: 396, 401, 437, 464, 471, 521,
581, 762, 814, 939, ..., +1
nm [nm]: 11, 172
nm [nm]: 124, 295, 430, 539, 555, 570,
584, 671, 688, 750, ..., +30
nm [nm]: 751
nn [nan]: 582, 944
nng [n]: 3, 4
nng [n]: 15, 217, 674
228
no [naa]: 298, 343, 394, 430, 431, 501,
621, 634, 731, 741, ..., +14
nu [n]: 175, 242, 478, 685
nay [n]: 1, 15, 31, 32, 33, 34, 113, 153,
215, 539, ..., +28
ny [n]: 3, 4, 14, 72, 74, 125, 129, 364,
379, 407, ..., +8
nn [neen]: 539, 559, 579, 660, 661, 670,
713, 734, 771, 945, ..., +1
new [new]: 812
ng [aa]: 719
ngm [m]: 767
ngn [n]: 262, 294, 559, 570, 620, 836
ngnh []: 893
ngy []: 266, 343, 356, 359, 430, 439,
476, 547, 559, 576, ..., +17
ngay []: 854
ngh [ee]: 25, 463, 775, 801, 999
nghe []: 162, 196, 239, 477, 669, 920
ngh [i ]: 178, 543, 565, 584, 625, 642, 711,
815, 881, 901, ..., +2
ngh [ii ]: 282
ngha [ii ]: 379, 407
nghn [ii n]: 671, 688, 833, 873, 891
ngoi [waa]: 166, 464, 609, 610, 622, 670,
676, 714, 896, 967, ..., +2
ngoi [wa]: 539, 555, 584, 876, 963, 971
ngi [oo]: 174, 184, 192, 253, 473, 578,
880
ngi [oo]: 488, 523, 852
ngon [n]: 627, 649, 650
ng [u]: 278, 292, 409, 532, 533, 627, 632,
649, 650, 712, ..., +7
nga [ ]: 485, 782
ngng [ ]: 763
ngi []: 21, 22, 64, 65, 76, 86, 96,
97, 100, 101, ..., +22
nh [aa]: 7, 8, 17, 55, 57, 63, 79, 110, 117,
119, ..., +37
nha [aa]: 335, 463, 695, 793, 971
nh [aa]: 395, 954
nhc [ak]: 30, 196, 344, 345, 346, 384,
385, 477, 521, 760
nhn [n]: 359
nhn [n]: 362
ENVNN
nhn [n]: 951

nhanh []: 528, 691, 731, 732, 903
nht [t]: 279, 374, 538, 582, 603, 615,
671, 794, 900, 962
nht [t]: 877, 878, 879, 880, 881
nhau []: 274, 775, 801, 820, 833, 845,
882, 883, 931, 954
nhy []: 573
nhiu [i]: 23, 49, 68, 72, 123, 125, 137,
149, 380, 410, ..., +5
nhiu [i]: 265, 274, 275, 289, 291, 297,
299, 300, 322, 326, ..., +37
nhn [ii n]: 5, 237, 243, 257
nh []: 308, 439, 776, 807
nh []: 540
nh []: 994
nhng [ ]: 6, 267, 772, 875
nhng []: 14, 85, 280, 320, 321, 332,
335, 359, 360, 361, ..., +47
n [n]: 14, 74, 93, 95, 103, 120, 132, 166,
209, 222, ..., +31
no [n]: 945
ni [n]: 269, 293, 335, 366, 369, 386, 393,
460, 474, 573, ..., +7
ni [no]: 396, 989
ni [n]: 415, 584, 775
nng [nm]: 31, 32, 579
nng [nm]: 755
n [n ]: 108, 807
na [n ]: 561, 746, 916
na [n ]: 574
ni [nu]: 644
nc [nk]: 36, 38, 301, 873, 991
[]: 5, 7, 8, 21, 38, 64, 100, 114, 121,
122, ..., +104
[oo]: 203, 427, 510, 697
m [om]: 11, 558, 730, 834, 876, 878
n [on]: 71, 255, 256
n [n]: 164
ng [m]: 13, 76, 77, 129, 585, 783
peru [peruu]: 790
phi [fa]: 38, 51, 62, 86, 87, 89, 91, 143,
249, 254, ..., +6
phm [fam]: 917
php [fap]: 773
ENVNN
229
ph [fee]: 317, 318, 320, 321, 370, 480, 593

php [fp]: 923
ph [fo]: 267, 413, 592, 597, 722, 835
phng [fm]: 59, 261, 557, 578, 579,
661, 718, 872
phng [fm]: 731
ph [fu]: 108, 807
phc [fkp]: 517
pht [fut]: 556, 724, 864, 874
pound [pound]: 126
qu [kua]: 289, 604
qu [kua]: 322, 341, 553, 732
qua [kwaa]: 530, 534, 535, 537, 547, 549,
551, 559, 562, 567, ..., +46
qu [kuaa]: 900
qun [kuan]: 113, 596
quan [kwaan]: 277, 363, 529, 530
qun [kwn]: 279, 290, 349, 376, 390, 392,
611, 639, 658, 672, ..., +6
qun [kuan]: 766
quanh [kw]: 273, 804
quay [kw]: 273
quen [kun]: 848
qun [kween]: 940
quc [kuk]: 86, 786
qu [kwi ]: 302, 525
quyn [kwin]: 347
quyn [kwin]: 447, 891
ra [zaa]: 464, 582, 594, 609, 610, 651, 670,
676, 714, 718, ..., +6
rng [z]: 569, 947
rnh [z]: 274, 404
rt [zt]: 36, 81, 269, 270, 274, 288, 297,
369, 372, 420, ..., +20
r [z]: 37
rene [zen]: 898
r [zo]: 709, 808
r [z]: 847
ri [zoo]: 13, 78, 142, 230, 286, 475, 552,
556, 558, 592, ..., +54
ri [zoo]: 274, 404
ri [z]: 408
roma [zomaa]: 974
rng [zm]: 523
ra [z ]: 298, 333, 378, 454, 455, 682,

895
ri [z]: 126, 430, 575, 632, 638, 668,
675, 706, 707, 713
sc [sk]: 27, 28
sch [sk]: 185, 257, 258, 518, 702, 704,
716, 746, 761, 778, ..., +4
sch [sk]: 557, 895
sai [saa]: 917
sm [sm]: 922
sn [san]: 74, 178, 180, 219, 364, 542, 557,
598, 757, 766, ..., +1
sn [saan]: 172, 184, 253
sn [sn]: 523, 594, 596, 598, 622, 770
sng [sa]: 173, 197, 294, 317, 337, 381,
394, 411, 431, 545, ..., +24
sng [sa]: 572, 584
sao [saa]: 74, 118, 200, 201, 204, 236, 238,
243, 389, 390, ..., +24
st [sat]: 731
su [s]: 150, 310, 485, 527, 552, 593,
606, 665, 838, 857, ..., +4
sau [s]: 167, 541, 597
s [s]: 557, 915, 929, 936, 938, 941
seatle [seatl]: 842
s [sii ]: 140, 143, 463, 581, 695
siu [si]: 678, 744
sinh [s]: 51, 900
s [s]: 29
s [so]: 75, 340, 505, 512
s [so]: 454, 455, 579, 654, 661, 735, 742
s [s]: 540
si [soo]: 301
sm [sm]: 16, 276, 277, 303, 399, 575,
673, 771
sn [sn]: 718
sng [sm]: 177
sng [sm]: 263, 264, 288, 365, 375, 377,
388, 391, 398, 413, ..., +22
t [t a]: 10
ta [t aa]: 330, 528, 950
tc [t ak]: 395
ti [t a]: 74, 118, 236, 238, 243, 545, 563,
691, 692, 749
tai [t aa]: 429, 582, 944
230
ti [t a]: 799
tm [t am]: 13, 272, 682, 684, 873
tm [t m]: 79, 179, 426, 431, 468, 605, 630
tm [t m]: 180, 363, 598, 770
tm [t am]: 181
tng [t aa]: 295
tng [t ]: 748
tnh [t ]: 571
to [t a]: 169
tp [t p]: 394, 612, 666, 946
tp [t ap]: 631
tt [t t]: 222, 428, 477, 992
tu [t ]: 358, 680, 720, 723, 767, 814
taxi [t axii]: 9, 232, 598, 645, 754
tay [t ]: 6, 35, 43, 154, 378, 467, 500, 663,
717, 915
ty [t ]: 335, 793, 971
tn [t een]: 19, 20, 45, 46, 133, 147, 148,
308, 807
thm [t m]: 587, 606, 991
thn [t n]: 48
thng [t ]: 611, 640, 733, 789, 795
thng [t a]: 633, 827, 838, 846, 857, 858,
876, 878, 886, 892, ..., +1
thang [t aa]: 719
thng [t ]: 788, 796
thnh [t ]: 267, 413, 592, 597, 873
thao [t aa]: 115, 127, 128, 758, 764
tht [t t]: 673
thy [t ]: 200, 255, 522, 541, 551, 584,
614, 618, 624, 648, ..., +11
th [t e]: 72, 74, 76, 100, 108, 121, 129,
206, 211, 233, ..., +13
th [t e]: 115, 127, 128, 428, 474, 477, 666,
758, 764, 946, ..., +2
th [t ii ]: 226, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394,
395, 396, 397, ..., +8
thi [t ii]: 564
th [t i ]: 678, 744
thc [t c]: 370
thch [t k]: 27, 28, 29, 30, 44, 112, 115,
127, 128, 260, ..., +42
thip [t ip]: 72
thiu [t i]: 902
thnh [t ]: 280, 332, 359, 767
ENVNN
tht [t i t]: 373, 768

th [t ]: 809, 965, 972
thoi [t wa]: 75, 160, 340, 490, 499, 512,
520, 591, 701, 703, ..., +2
thoi [t wa]: 542
thong [t wa]: 280, 332, 359, 767
thi [t ]: 324, 528, 536, 543, 568, 589,
612, 652, 653, 662, ..., +5
thn [t oon]: 755
thng [t m]: 499, 563, 771
th [t ]: 189, 727, 914, 970, 973
th [t ]: 274, 293, 366, 552, 592, 606,
619, 803, 816, 818, ..., +3
th [t u]: 297, 775, 803, 806
th [t u]: 595
thua [t uu]: 641
thc [t k]: 227, 370
thc [t kp]: 574, 580, 713
thuc [t uk]: 440
thng [t ]: 227
thng [t ]: 278, 279, 280, 294, 306,
308, 310, 312, 314, 316, ..., +30
thuyn [t win]: 814
tic [t ik]: 307, 548, 560, 572, 574, 616,
624, 660, 915
tin [t in]: 14
tin [t in]: 72, 275, 299, 300, 364, 466,
509, 514, 586, 646, ..., +2
ting [t i]: 195, 268, 269, 292, 293, 335,
366, 386, 393, 396, ..., +15
tit [t it]: 324, 536, 543, 568, 652, 653,
734, 990
tm [t ii m]: 897
tin [t iin]: 359, 371, 445, 446, 924
tnh [t ]: 352
tnh [t ]: 497, 502, 953, 966
tnh [t ]: 673
t [t ]: 602, 621, 631
to [t wa]: 674
to [t waa]: 757
ton [t wan]: 296
ti [t oo]: 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 16, 20, 22, 24,
..., +305
ti [t o]: 155, 161, 182, 272, 310, 312, 401,
534, 535, 572, ..., +15
ENVNN
231
ti [t ]: 606, 936
tn [t on]: 275, 299, 300, 331, 364, 380, 410,
466
tt [t ot]: 74, 268, 269, 302, 336, 563, 990
tr [aa]: 320, 321, 480
tr [a]: 437, 447, 586, 704, 925, 959
trai [aa]: 262, 403, 501, 902, 916
tri [a]: 273
trm [m]: 301, 566, 671, 688, 833, 866,
873, 891
trm [m]: 369
trn [n]: 709, 733
tranh []: 372, 813
trt [t]: 164, 425
tr []: 163, 166, 208, 296, 306, 556
trn [een]: 174, 192, 313, 531, 533, 561,
590, 709
tro []: 742
tr [i ]: 44, 363
tr []: 772
tr []: 873
tri []: 1, 15, 31, 32, 33, 34, 153, 155,
165, 191, ..., +29
tri [oo]: 712
trong [m]: 59, 79, 93, 129, 175, 178,
288, 478, 493, 548, ..., +17
trng [m]: 544, 614, 994
tra []: 266, 571, 685, 969, 975
trc [ k]: 788, 796
trung [m]: 86, 180, 598, 770, 809
trng [m]: 527
trc [k]: 314, 536, 538, 556, 558,
561, 565, 568, 577, 587, ..., +25
trng []: 7, 8, 893
trt [t]: 128
t [t ]: 69, 827, 846, 856
t [t ]: 164, 425
t [t ]: 271, 379, 407, 430, 465, 570,
592, 598, 707, 818, ..., +19
t [t ]: 914, 970, 973
tun [t wn]: 278, 383, 434, 536, 538, 558,
565, 568, 577, 587, ..., +11
tc [t k]: 359, 567
tc [t kp]: 595
ti [t u]: 3, 4, 93, 102, 493, 590, 694, 723
tng [t m]: 307

tng [t ]: 743, 745, 746, 748, 749, 750,
751, 752, 753, 754, ..., +36
tui [t u]: 13, 23, 24, 49, 68, 123, 137, 149,
539, 585, ..., +3
tng [t ]: 392
tu [t wii ]: 440
tuyn [t win]: 157, 168, 183, 221, 241, 245,
309, 312, 323, 353, ..., +18
tuyn [t win]: 946
tuyt [t wit]: 128, 191, 408
tuyt [t wit]: 653, 956, 998
tv [t v]: 209
[ ]: 62, 201, 214, 224, 228
[]: 213, 223
a []: 27, 28, 127, 128, 370
c [kp]: 135, 871
ung [u]: 317, 318, 320, 321, 370, 593
v [vaa]: 6, 272, 302, 330, 420, 485, 501,
516, 560, 573, ..., +35
vi [vaa]: 658, 750, 762, 763, 770, 789,
795, 800, 958
vn [vn]: 261, 382, 872, 882, 883, 953,
965, 986
vn [vn]: 932, 935
vng [v]: 52, 931
vng [v]: 56, 58, 933
vo [vaa]: 278, 279, 312, 317, 383, 401,
411, 432, 434, 519, ..., +6
vt [vt]: 485, 516
vy [v]: 210, 235, 240, 519
vy [v]: 672, 934, 937
v [vee]: 163, 363, 471, 475, 598, 612, 645,
698, 847, 905, ..., +5
v [v]: 521, 588
v [vi ]: 297, 775, 803, 806
vi [vii]: 497
v [vii ]: 558, 567, 813, 946, 948
v [vi ]: 918
vic [vik]: 112, 157, 164, 261, 262, 270,
297, 305, 319, 322, ..., +32
vin [vin]: 26, 139, 144, 156, 166, 296,
681, 843, 951
vin [vin]: 397, 876, 882, 883, 949
232
vit [vit]: 189, 802, 803, 914, 965, 972,
986
vinh [v]: 417, 419, 421, 423, 424
v [v]: 143, 820, 833, 916
v [voo]: 157, 168, 183, 221, 241, 245, 309,
312, 323, 353, ..., +19
v [v]: 654, 655, 656, 735
vi [v]: 220, 557, 572, 573, 584, 591, 635,
748, 902, 944, ..., +3
vi [v]: 653, 956, 998
vng [vm]: 804
vt [vt]: 6, 279, 290, 349, 376, 390, 392,
467, 611, 639, ..., +6
v [vuu]: 284
v [vu]: 582, 944
va [v ]: 552, 556, 582, 592, 603, 854,
912, 926, 927, 928, ..., +6
vui [vuu]: 228, 462, 557, 924
vt [vut]: 735
xa [saa]: 762
xng [s]: 331
xanh [s]: 28, 94, 122, 481
xu
xy
xy
xe
ENVNN
[s]: 734
[s]: 180
[s]: 582, 718
[s]: 9, 66, 94, 121, 170, 231, 244, 298,
315, 316, ..., +43
xem [sm]: 157, 168, 183, 209, 221, 228,
241, 245, 291, 304, ..., +42
xin [siin]: 176, 368, 425, 460, 473, 474,
849, 923
xm [sm]: 958
xong [sm]: 272, 286, 922, 946, 955,
981, 982
xui [su]: 272, 955
xung [su]: 578, 720, 722
xuyn [swin]: 280, 323, 325, 332, 334,
354, 355, 360, 365, 414, ..., +8
y [ii]: 10, 426
[i ]: 335, 444, 841, 916
yu [i]: 436, 813
yoga [yogaa]: 394
zealand [zealand]: 812
GMS
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GMS

Complete Fluency Course

GMS INTENSIVE METHOD

GSR RELAXED METHOD

Features: Sound files have A/B/C formats.

Features: Our sound files include an

English - Target language 2x

English - space - Target 1x

Target language only 1x

Useful for students with more

Useful for people with busy

Set up your schedule. It's your

Set up your schedule. You can

Training Step : Dictation: use

Glossika Mass Sentence Method

FA Persian, PRS Persian-Dari, TGK Tajik,

Glossika Mass Sentences

Glossika Mass Sentences

The majority of foreign language learners are satisfied at a B

way. For example, to say // (IPA writes it as /y/) those books

How to Use GMS and GSR

If this schedule is too difficult to adhere to, or you find that

Build a bridge to your new language through translation. The

Memory, The Brain,

What is the relationship between memory and sleep? Our brain

I dont confuse languages because in my mind every language

hurting yourself in the long run by creating false realities.

If you ever learn new in isolation, you have to start using it

when (it happened)

anh y/c y/n

Have done (Perfective)

Been there/done it experience

Finished action, to sense (see,

Undo action (break down, tear

Sounds/looks like, seems

cannot, will not

cannot: khng - c; will not:

must, have to, need to

let, allow someone

make/get into (bad situation)

Glossika Mass Sentences

I'm not rich.

This bag's heavy.

These bags are heavy.

Look, there's my friend.

The weather's nice today.

Nhn ka, bn ti ng kia.

His mother's at home. He's at school.

M anh y ang nh. Anh y ang trng.

Her children are at school.

I'm a taxi driver.

He's sick. He's in bed.

My brother and I are good tennis players.

Anh y m. Anh y ang nm.

He's a very old man. He's ninety-eight (98) years old.

ng y gi lm ri. ng y chn mi tm tui.

These chairs aren't beautiful, but they're comfortable.

My ci gh ny khng p, nhng n tin.

The weather's warm and sunny today.

Tri hm nay nng m.

You're late. No, I'm not! I'm early.

Cu n mun. - Khng! Ti n sm.

She isn't home. She's at work.