Campbell M Shirakawa Glossika Japanese Fluency 1 2015

GMS
EN
JA
Fluency
1000
sentences
Glossika
Mass Sentences
Japanese
Complete Fluency Course

Michael Campbell
Shirakawa
Levels
Intro
Fluency
Expression
Fluency 1
[IPA
GMS INTENSIVE METHOD

Glossika Mass Sentences
GSR RELAXED METHOD

Glossika Spaced Repetition
Features: Sound files have A/B/C formats.
Features: Our sound files include an

algorithm that introduces 10 sentences
every day, with review of 40 sentences,
for a total of 1000 sentences in 104 days.
Requires less than 20 minutes daily.
A Files
English - Target language 2x
B Files
English - space - Target 1x
C Files
Target language only 1x
Useful for students with more

time to dedicate.
Useful for people with busy

schedules and limited study time.
HOW TO USE
To familiarise yourself with IPA and spelling, Glossika recommends using the book
while listening to A or C sound files and going through all 1000 sentences on your first
day. Then you can start your training.
Set up your schedule. It's your

choice, you can choose 20, 50 or
100 sentences for daily practice. We
recommend completing the following
four steps.
Training Step : Try repeating
the sentences with the same
speed and intonation in the A
sound files.
Set up your schedule. You can

listen to a single GSR file daily or even
double up. One book typically takes 3-4
months to complete.
You can accompany with the GMS
training when you have extra time to
practice.
Training Step : Dictation: use

the C sound files (and pausing) to
write out each sentence (in script
or IPA or your choice). Use the
book to check your answers.
Training Step : Recording:
record the sentences as best you
can. We recommend recording
the same sentences over a 3-day
period, and staggering them with
new ones.
Training Step : Use the B sound
files to train your interpretation
skills. Say your translation in the
space provided.
Reminder
Don't forget that if you run into problems, just skip over it! Keep working through the
sentences all the way to the end and don't worry about the ones you don't get. You'll
probably get it right the second time round. Remember, one practice session separated
by *one* sleep session yields the best results!
Glossika Mass Sentence Method

Japanese
Fluency 1
This GMS Fluency Series accompanies the GMS recordings
and is a supplementary course assisting you on your path to
fluency. This course fills in the fluency training that is lacking
from other courses. Instead of advancing in the language via
grammar, GMS builds up sentences and lets students advance
via the full range of expression required to function in the
target language.
GMS recordings (sold separately) prepare the student through
translation and interpretation to become proficient in speaking
and listening.
Glossika Spaced Repetition (GSR) recordings are strongly
recommended for those who have trouble remembering the
content. Through the hundred days of GSR training, all the text
in each of our GMS publications can be mastered with ease.
Glossika Series
The following languages are available in the GMS or GSR Series
(not all are published in English):
Afroasiatic
AR Arabic-Standard, ARE Arabic Egyptian,
ARD Arabic (Mor.) Darija, ARQ Arabic
Algerian, ART Arabic Tunisian, MLT
Maltese, ARL Arabic Levantine, ALS Arabic
(Jor.) Lev-south, ARI Arabic Iraqi, ARM
Arabic Maghrebi, IV Hebrew, AM Amharic,
TIR Tigrinya, HA Hausa
Altaic (+JK)
TU Turkish, AZ Azeri, Uzbek, Kyrgyz,
Kazakh, Uyghur, MN Mongolian, JA
Japanese, KR Korean
Austronesian
XSY Saisiyat, TYS Atayal-Squliq, SDQ
Seediq, SDT Seediq-Truku, TRK Taroko,
KVN Kavalan, SKZ Sakizaya, AMP AmisPangcah, PZH Pazeh, KXB Kaxabu, THW
Thao, BNN Bunun-Isbukun, COU Cou,
KNV Kanakanavu, HLR Hla'arua, SRY
Siraya, RUV Rukai-Vedrai, PWN PaiwanPasaviri, PYM Pinuyumayan-Puyuma, TAO
Tao, TGL Tagalog, ILO Ilokano, Cebuano,
IN Indonesian, Malay
Dravidian
KAN Kannada, MAL Malayalam, TAM
Tamil India, TSL Tamil-Sl, TEL Telugu
IE: Baltic
LIT Lithuanian, LAV Latvian
IE: Celtic
CYM Welsh
IE: Germanic
DE German, NL Dutch, EN English
American, DA Danish, SV Swedish, NO
Norwegian, IS Icelandic
IE: Indo-Iranian
KUR Kurmanji Kurdish, KUS Sorani Kurdish,
FA Persian, PRS Persian-Dari, TGK Tajik,

UR Urdu, HI Hindi, PAN Panjabi, GUJ
Gujarati, MAR Marathi, NEP Nepali, ORI
Odia, SYL Sylheti, SIN Sinhalese, ASM
Assamese, KHA Khasi, BEN Bengali
IE: Romance
PT Portuguese, PB Portuguese-Brazil, ES
Spanish, ESM Mexican Spanish, CA Catalan,
FR French, IT Italian, RO Romanian
IE: Slavic
RU Russian, UKR Ukrainian, BEL
Belarusian, PL Polish, CS Czech, SK
Slovak, SL Slovene, HR Croatian, BOS
Bosnian, SRP Serbian, MK Macedonian,
BUL Bulgarian
IE: Other
EL Greek, SQ Albanian-Tosk, HY
Armenian, EO Esperanto, EU Basque
Kartuli
KA Georgian
Mon-Khmer
KH Khmer, VNN Viet (North), VNS Viet
(South)
Niger-Congo
SW Swahili, LG Ganda, RN Kirundi, RW
Kinyarwanda, YO Yoruba
Sino-Tibetan
ZH Chinese Standard, ZS Chinese-Beijing,
WUS Shanghai, WUW Wenzhou, MNN
Taiwanese, HAK Hakka (Sixian, Hailu), YUE
Cantonese, BOD Tibetan-Lhasa, DZO
Dzongkha, BRX Bodo, MY Burmese
Tai-Kadai
TH Thai, LO Lao
Uralic
FI Finnish, EST Estonian, HU Hungarian
Many of our languages are offered at different levels (check for availability):
Intro Level
Pronunciation Courses
Introductory Course
Fluency Level
Fluency Modules
Daily Life Module
Travel Module
Business Intro Module
Expression Level
Business Courses
Intensive Reading
Extensive Reading
(Novels)
Japanese
Fluency 1
Complete Fluency Course
Michael Campbell
Shirakawa

Japanese Fluency 1
First published 2015
via license by Nolsen Bdon, Ltd.
Taipei, Taiwan
Authors: Michael Campbell, Shirakawa
Chief Editor: Michael Campbell
Translator: Michael Campbell, Shirakawa
Recordings: Michael Campbell, Shirakawa
Editing Team: Chia-Yi Lin, Claudia Chen
Consultant: Percy Wong
Programming: Edward Greve
Design: Kara Li
2015 Michael Campbell
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known
or hereafter invented, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only as samples of language use without intent to
infringe.
Paperback ISBN: 978-986-5621-59-9
Ebook ISBN: 978-986-5621-56-8
GMS MP3 ISRC: TWY811331071-TWY811331130
GSR MP3 ISRC: TWY811331131-TWY811331234
www.glossika.com
Contents
What is Glossika?
Glossika Levels
Glossika Publications
4 Secrets of the Mass Sentences Method
How to Use GMS and GSR
Supplementary
Sentence Mining
Transformation Drills
Substitution Drills
Memory, The Brain, and Language Acquisition
Introduction to Japanese
Sentence 100
Sentence 200
Sentence 300
Sentence 400
Sentence 500
Sentence 600
Sentence 700
Sentence 800
Sentence 900
Sentence 1000
Japanese Index
Kanji Index
7
9
10
12
14
16
16
18
20
21
27
33
54
75
96
120
144
172
197
225
254
284
258
333
ENJA
ENJA
What is Glossika?
From the creation of various linguists and polyglots headed by
Michael Campbell, Glossika is a comprehensive and effective
system that delivers speaking and listening training to fluency.
Its wise to use Glossika training materials together with your other
study materials. Dont bet everything on Glossika. Always use as
many materials as you can get your hands on and do something
from all of those materials daily. These are the methods used
by some of the worlds greatest polyglots and only ensures your
success.
If you follow all the guidelines in our method you can also become
proficiently literate as well. But remember its easier to become
literate in a language that you can already speak than one that you
cant.
Most people will feel that since we only focus on speaking and
listening, that the Glossika method is too tough. Its possible to
finish one of our modules in one month, in fact this is the speed
at which weve been training our students for years: 2 hours
weekly for 4 weeks is all you need to complete one module. Our
students are expected to do at least a half hour on their own every
day through listening, dictation, and recording. If you follow the
method, you will have completed 10,000 sentence repetitions by
the end of the month. This is sufficient enough to start to feel your
fluency come out, but you still have a long way to go.
This training model seems to fit well with students in East Asia
learning tough languages like English, because they are driven by
the fact that they need a better job or have some pressing issue to
use their English. This drive makes them want to succeed.
Non-East Asian users of the Glossika Mass Sentence (GMS)
methods are split in two groups: those who reap enormous benefit
by completing the course, and others who give up because its too
tough to stick to the schedule. If you feel like our training is too
overwhelming or demands too much of your time, then I suggest
you get your hands on our Glossika Spaced Repetition (GSR) audio
files which are designed for people like you. So if youre ambitious,
use GMS. If youre too busy or cant stick to a schedule, use GSR.
ENJA
ENJA
Glossika Levels
The first goal we have in mind for you is Fluency. Our definition
of fluency is simple and easy to attain: speaking full sentences in
one breath. Once you achieve fluency, then we work with you on
expanding your expression and vocabulary to all areas of language
competency. Our three levels correlate to the European standard:
*
*
*
Introduction
Fluency
Expression
=
=
=
A Levels
B Levels
C Levels
The majority of foreign language learners are satisfied at a B

Level and a few continue on. But the level at which you want to
speak a foreign language is your choice. There is no requirement
to continue to the highest level, and most people never do as a B
Level becomes their comfort zone.
10
Glossika Publications
Each Glossika publication comes in four formats:
* Print-On-Demand paperback text
* E-book text (available for various platforms)
* Glossika Mass Sentence audio files
* Glossika Spaced Repetition audio files
Some of our books include International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
as well. Just check for the IPA mark on our covers.
We strive to provide as much phonetic detail as we can in our IPA
transcriptions, but this is not always possible with every language.
As there are different ways to write IPA, our books will also let you
know whether its an underlying pronunciation (phonemic) with
these symbols: / /, or if its a surface pronunciation (phonetic) with
these symbols: [ ].
IPA is the most scientific and precise way to represent the sounds
of foreign languages. Including IPA in language training guides is
taking a step away from previous decades of language publishing.
We embrace the knowledge now available to everybody via
online resources like Wikipedia which allow anybody to learn the
IPA: something that could not be done before without attending
university classes.
The editor of our Fluency Series, Michael Campbell, grew up
using books that taught foreign languages in the traditional
ENJA
ENJA
11
way. For example, to say // (IPA writes it as /y/) those books

go into elaborate detail about how to purse your lips together
with what sounds. He felt very awkward doing it until he found
a native speaker he could mimic. Then he realized it wasnt such
an awkward thing and didnt need to hold his mouth in awkward
positions to get the sounds right. Once he found out what this
sound was, he found it completely unnecessary to re-read these
descriptions in each book or language he tried. And then one day
he discovered IPA, and that there was a symbol for this sound /
y/. Starting from that point, he started jotting it and other letters
into the pronunciation sections of his various language books
meanwhile crossing out their lengthy descriptions. The IPA really is
an international code and always has one letter to represent one
and the same sound in any language. If you learn what each letter
represents, you can use it to speak any language in the world with
a high degree of phonetic accuracy. In fact, you probably already
know most of the common letters in IPA.
To get started, just point your browser to Wikipedias IPA page to
learn more about pronouncing the languages we publish.
12
4 Secrets
of the Mass Sentence Method
When learning a foreign language its best to use full sentences for
a number of reasons:
1. PronunciationIn languages like English, our words undergo
a lot of pronunciation and intonation changes when words get
strung together in sentences which is has been well analyzed
in linguistics. This may be easy to learn for European students,
but for Asian students it can be really difficult. Likewise it is true
with languages like Chinese where the pronunciations and tones
from individual words change once they appear in a sentence. By
following the intonation and prosody of a native speaker saying a
whole sentence, its much easier to learn rather than trying to say
string each word together individually.
2. Syntaxthe order of words, will be different than your own
language. Human thought usually occurs in complete ideas. Every
society has developed a way to express those ideas linearly by first
saying what happened (the verb), or by first saying who did it (the
agent), etc. Paying attention to this will accustom us to the way
others speak.
3. Vocabularythe meanings of words, never have just one
meaning, and their usage is always different. You always have to
learn words in context and which words theyre paired with. These
are called collocations. To commit a crime and to commit to
a relationship use two different verbs in most other languages.
ENJA
ENJA
13
Never assume that learning commit by itself will give you the
answer. After a lifetime in lexicography, Patrick Hanks reached
the alarming conclusion that words dont have meaning, but
rather that definitions listed in dictionaries can be regarded as
presenting meaning potentials rather than meanings as such. This
is why collocations are so important.
4. Grammarthe changes or morphology in words are always
in flux. Memorizing rules will not help you achieve fluency. You
have to experience them as a native speaker says them, repeat
them as a native speaker would, and through mass amount of
practice come to an innate understanding of the inner workings of
a languages morphology. Most native speakers cant explain their
own grammar. It just happens.
14
How to Use GMS and GSR

The best way to use GMS is to find a certain time of day that works
best for you where you can concentrate. It doesnt have to be a lot
of time, maybe just 30 minutes at most is fine. If you have more
time, even better. Then schedule that time to be your study time
every day.
Try to tackle anywhere from 20 to 100 sentences per day in the
GMS. Do what youre comfortable with.
Review the first 50 sentences in the book to get an idea of what
will be said. Then listen to the A files. If you can, try to write all
the sentences down from the files as dictation without looking at
the text. This will force you to differentiate all the sounds of the
language. If you dont like using the A files, you can switch to the C
files which only have the target language.
After dictation, check your work for any mistakes. These mistakes
should tell you a lot that you will improve on the next day.
Go through the files once again, repeating all the sentences. Then
record yourself saying all the sentences. Ideally, you should record
these sentences four to five days in a row in order to become very
familiar with them.
All of the activities above may take more than one day or one
setting, so go at the pace that feels comfortable for you.
ENJA
ENJA
15
If this schedule is too difficult to adhere to, or you find that

dictation and recording is too much, then take a more relaxed
approach with the GSR files. The GSR files in most cases are
shorter than twenty minutes, some go over due to the length of
the sentences. But this is the perfect attention span that most
people have anyway. By the end of the GSR files you should feel
pretty tired, especially if youre trying to repeat everything.
The GSR files are numbered from Day 1 to Day 100. Just do one
every day, as all the five days of review sentences are built in. Its
that simple! Good luck.
Dont forget we also provide services at our Glossika Training
Center in case you need any more help.
16
Supplementary
Sentence Mining
Sentence mining can be a fun activity where you find sentences
that you like or feel useful in the language youre learning. We
suggest keeping your list of sentences in a spreadsheet that you
can re-order how you wish.
Its always a good idea to keep a list of all the sentences youre
learning or mastering. They not only encompass a lot of vocabulary
and their actual usage, or collocations, but they give you a
framework for speaking the language. Its also fun to keep track of
your progress and see the number of sentences increasing.
Based on many tests weve conducted, weve found that students
can reach a good level of fluency with only a small number of
sentences. For example, with just 3000 sentences, each trained
10 times over a period of 5 days, for a total of 30,000 sentences
(repetitions), can make a difference between a completely mute
person who is shy and unsure how to speak and a talkative person
who wants to talk about everything. More importantly, the reps
empower you to become a stronger speaker.
The sentences we have included in our Glossika courses have been
carefully selected to give you a wide range of expression. The
sentences in our fluency modules target the kinds of conversations
that you have discussing day-to-day activities, the bulk of what
makes up our real-life conversations with friends and family. For
some people these sentences may feel really boring, but these
sentences are carefully selected to represent an array of discussing
ENJA
ENJA
17
events that occur in the past, the present and the future, and
whether those actions are continuous or not, even in languages
where such grammar is not explicitly markedespecially in these
languages as you need to know how to convey your thoughts. The
sentences are transparent enough that they give you the tools to
go and create dozens of more sentences based on the models we
give you.
As you work your way through our Fluency Series the sentences
will cover all aspects of grammar without actually teaching you
grammar. Youll find most of the patterns used in all the tenses
and aspects, passive and active (or ergative as is the case in some
languages were developing), indirect speech, and finally describing
events as if to a policeman. The sentences also present some
transformational patterns you can look out for. Sometimes we
have more than one way to say something in our own language,
but maybe only one in a foreign language. And the opposite is true
where we may only have one way to say something whereas a
foreign language may have many.
18
Supplementary
Transformation Drills
A transformation is restating the same sentence with the same
meaning, but using different words or phrasing to accomplish this.
A transformation is essentially a translation, but inside the same
language. A real example from Glossikas business module is:
- Could someone help me with my bags?
- Could I get a hand with these bags?
You may not necessarily say hand in a foreign language and
thats why direct translation word-for-word can be dangerous. As
you can see from these two sentences, theyre translations of each
other, but they express the same meaning.
To express yourself well in a foreign language, practice the art of
restating everything you say in your mother language. Find more
ways to say the same thing.
There are in fact two kinds of transformation drills we can do.
One is transformation in our mother language and the other is
transformation into our target language, known as translation.
By transforming a sentence in your own language, youll get better
at transforming it into another language and eventually being
able to formulate your ideas and thoughts in that language. Its a
process and it wont happen over night. Cultivate your ability day
by day.
ENJA
ENJA
19
Build a bridge to your new language through translation. The

better you get, the less you rely on the bridge until one day, you
wont need it at all.
Translation should never be word for word or literal. You should
always aim to achieve the exact same feeling in the foreign
language. The only way to achieve this is by someone who can
create the sentences for you who already knows both languages to
such fluency that he knows the feeling created is exactly the same.
In fact, youll encounter many instances in our GMS publications
where sentences dont seem to match up. The two languages are
expressed completely differently, and it seems its wrong. Believe
us, weve not only gone over and tested each sentence in real life
situations, weve even refined the translations several times to the
point that this is really how we speak in this given situation.
20
Supplementary
Substitution Drills
Substitution drills are more or less the opposite of transformation
drills. Instead of restating the same thing in a different way, youre
saying a different thing using the exact same way. So using the
example from above we can create this substitution drill:
- Could someone help me with making dinner?
In this case, we have replaced the noun with a gerund phrase. The
sentence has a different meaning but its using the same structure.
This drill also allows the learner to recognize a pattern how to
use a verb behind a preposition, especially after being exposed to
several instances of this type.
We can also combine transformation and substitution drills:
- Could someone give me a hand with making dinner?
So it is encouraged that as you get more and more experience
working through the Glossika materials, that you not only write
out and record more and more of your own conversations, but
also do more transformation and substitution drills on top of the
sentences we have included in the book.
ENJA
ENJA
21
Memory, The Brain,

and Language Acquisition
We encounter a lot of new information every day that may or may
not need to be memorized. In fact, were doing it all the time when
we make new friends, remembering faces and other information
related to our friends.
After some experience with language learning youll soon discover
that languages are just like a social landscape. Except instead of
interconnected friends we have interconnected words. In fact,
looking at languages in this way makes it a lot more fun as you get
familiar with all the data.
Since languages are natural and all humans are able to use them
naturally, it only makes sense to learn languages in a natural way.
In fact studies have found, and many students having achieved
fluency will attest to, the fact that words are much easier to
recognize in their written form if we already know them in the
spoken form. Remember that you already own the words you
use to speak with. The written form is just a record and its much
easier to transfer what you know into written form than trying to
memorize something that is only written.
Trying to learn a language from the writing alone can be a real
daunting task. Learning to read a language you already speak is not
hard at all. So dont beat yourself up trying to learn how to read a
complicated script like Chinese if you have no idea how to speak
the language yet. Its not as simple as one word = one character.
And the same holds true with English as sometimes many words
make up one idea, like get over it.
22
What is the relationship between memory and sleep? Our brain

acquires experiences throughout the day and records them as
memories. If these memories are too common, such as eating
lunch, they get lost among all the others and we find it difficult
to remember one specific memory from the others. More
importantly such memories leave no impact or impression on us.
However, a major event like a birth or an accident obviously leaves
a bigger impact. We attach importance to those events.
Since our brain is constantly recording our daily life, it collects a
lot of useless information. Since this information is both mundane
and unimportant to us, our brain has a built-in mechanism to deal
with it. In other words, our brains dump the garbage every day.
Technically speaking our memories are connections between our
nerve cells and these connections lose strength if they are not
recalled or used again.
During our sleep cycles our brain is reviewing all the events of
the day. If you do not recall those events the following day, the
memory weakens. After three sleep cycles, consider a memory
gone if you havent recalled it. Some memories can be retained
longer because you may have anchored it better the first time you
encountered it. An anchor is connecting your memory with one of
your senses or another pre-existing memory. During your language
learning process, this wont happen until later in your progress. So
what can you do in the beginning?
A lot of memory experts claim that making outrageous stories
about certain things theyre learning help create that anchor
where otherwise none would exist. Some memory experts picture
ENJA
ENJA
23
a house in their mind that theyre very familiar with and walk
around that house in a specific pre-arranged order. Then all the
objects theyre memorizing are placed in that house in specific
locations. In order to recall them, they just walk around the house.
I personally have had no luck making outrageous stories to
memorize things. Ive found the house method very effective
but its different than the particular way I use it. This method is a
form of memory map, or spatial memory, and for me personally
I prefer using real world maps. This probably originates from my
better than average ability to remember maps, so if you can,
then use it! Its not for everybody though. It really works great for
learning multiple languages.
What do languages and maps have in common? Everything can
be put on a map, and languages naturally are spoken in locations
and spread around and change over time. These changes in
pronunciations of words creates a word history, or etymology.
And by understanding how pronunciations change over time and
where populations migrated, its quite easy to remember a large
number of data with just a memory map. This is how I anchor
new languages Im learning. I have a much bigger challenge when
I try a new language family. So I look for even deeper and longer
etymologies that are shared between language families, anything
to help me establish a link to some core vocabulary. Some words
like I (think Old English ic) and me/mine are essentially the
same roots all over the world from Icelandic (Indo-European) to
Finnish (Uralic) to Japanese (Altaic?) to Samoan (Austronesian).
24
I dont confuse languages because in my mind every language

sounds unique and has its own accent and mannerisms. I can also
use my memory map to position myself in the location where the
language is spoken and imagine myself surrounded by the people
of that country. This helps me adapt to their expressions and
mannerisms, but more importantly, eliminates interference from
other languages. And when I mentally set myself up in this way,
the chance of confusing a word from another language simply
doesnt happen.
When Ive actually used a specific way of speaking and Ive done it
several days in a row, I know that the connections in my head are
now strengthening and taking root. Not using them three days in
a row creates a complete loss, however actively using them (not
passively listening) three days in a row creates a memory that
stays for a lifetime. Then you no longer need the anchors and the
memory is just a part of you.
Youll have noticed that the Glossika training method gives a
translation for every sentence, and in fact we use translation as
one of the major anchors for you. In this way 1) the translation
acts as an anchor, 2) you have intelligible input, 3) you easily
start to recognize patterns. Pattern recognition is the single most
important skill you need for learning a foreign language.
A lot of people think that translation should be avoided at all costs
when learning a foreign language. However, based on thousands
of tests Ive given my students over a ten-year period, Ive found
that just operating in the foreign language itself creates a false
sense of understanding and you have a much higher chance of
ENJA
ENJA
25
hurting yourself in the long run by creating false realities.

I set up a specific test. I asked my students to translate back into
their mother tongue (Chinese) what they heard me saying. These
were students who could already hold conversations in English.
I found the results rather shocking. Sentences with certain word
combinations or phrases really caused a lot of misunderstanding,
like might as well or cant do it until, resulted in a lot of
guesswork and rather incorrect answers.
If you assume you can think and operate in a foreign language
without being able to translate whats being said, youre fooling
yourself into false comprehension. Train yourself to translate
everything into your foreign language. This again is an anchor that
you can eventually abandon when you become very comfortable
with the new language.
Finally, our brain really is a sponge. But you have to create the
structure of the sponge. Memorizing vocabulary in a language
that you dont know is like adding water to a sponge that has no
structure: it all flows out.
In order to create a foreign language structure, or sponge, you
need to create sentences that are natural and innate. You start
with sentence structures with basic, common vocabulary thats
easy enough to master and start building from there. With less
than 100 words, you can build thousands of sentences to fluency,
slowly one by one adding more and more vocabulary. Soon, youre
speaking with natural fluency and you have a working vocabulary
of several thousand words.
26
If you ever learn new in isolation, you have to start using it

immediately in meaningful sentences. Hopefully sentences
you want to use. If you cant make a sentence with it, then the
vocabulary is useless.
Vocabulary shouldnt be memorized haphazardly because
vocabulary itself is variable. The words we use in our language are
only a tool for conveying a larger message, and every language
uses different words to convey the same message. Look for the
message, pay attention to the specific words used, then learn
those words. Memorizing words from a wordlist will not help you
with this task.
Recently a friend showed me his wordlist for learning Chinese,
using a kind of spaced repetition flashcard program where he
could download a deck. I thought it was a great idea until I saw
the words he was trying to learn. I tried explaining that learning
these characters out of context do not have the meanings on
his cards and they will mislead him into a false understanding,
especially individual characters. This would only work if they
were a review from a text he had read, where all the vocabulary
appeared in real sentences and a story to tell, but they werent.
From a long-term point of view, I could see that it would hurt him
and require twice as much time to re-learn everything. From the
short-term point of view, there was definitely a feeling of progress
and mastery and he was happy with that and I dropped the issue.
ENJA
ENJA
27
Introduction to Japanese
Classification:
Writing:
Consonants:

Vowels:

Tones/Pitch:
Typology:

Japonic, possibly Altaic

Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji
Phonetically realized as [p, b, t, d, k, , , , , , s,
z, h, , , v, j, , , m, n, , , , ]
5 phonemic vowels /a, i, u, e, o/. Phonetically
realized as [, i, , e, o]
Pitch Accent
Basic Sentence Pattern: Subject-Object-Verb,
Adjective+Noun, Noun+Postposition, Dependent
Clause+Head-word
Postpositions
at
to
with
for
from
in
on [top of], above

below, under
inside
after
before
outside
among
between
ni
e, ni
no tame
to, to tomoni
kara
ni
ueni
shitani
nakani
maeni
atode
sotode
nakade
aidani
ENJA
28
Adjectives
the same
onaji
different
chigau
every
gotoni
all
subete
important
jyna, taisetsuna, daijina
Interrogatives
who
where
what
dare
nani
doko
when
how
when (it happened)
itsu
toki
how many/much
why
how long, how often

which
ikura, ikutsu
donogurai
d, dyatte
dshite, naze, nande

dore, docchi
Pronouns
I
watashi, boku, atashi, ore, ware
you
anata, kimi, omae
he
kare, aitsu
she
kanojo
we
watashitachi, bokutachi, warera
you (pl.)
anatatachi, kimitachi
they
"karera, aitsura"
ENJA
29
Verbs
may, can
may not
have
have not
-
-
-te ii
-te wa ikenai
aru
nai
doing (Imperfective)
-te ita
have done (Perfective)
"-ta"
been there/done it experience
-ta koto wa aru
finished action, to sense

(see, hear, feel)
-ta
undo action
(break down, tear apart, fall off)
-te shimau
sounds/looks like, seems
mitai
unable to
feel like
can
cannot
must, have to, need to
-
-
koto ga dekinai
ki da
-reru
-renai
beki
don't have to
-te ii
make/get into
(bad situation)
-te shimau
ENJA
30
Adverbs
already
afterwards, then
until...only then
yet
enough
m
atode
made
mada
jbun
really
totemo
often
immediately
certainly
together
yoku
suguni
kanarazu, kitto
isshoni
probably
dar
always
itsumo
ever do
-ta koto ga aru
ever have
-ta koto ga aru
never do
-ta koto wa nai
never have
-ta koto wa nai
once
katsute
unable to
yesterday
today
tomorrow
morning
afternoon
evening
last week
next week
koto ga dekinai
ashita
ky
ashita
asa
gogo
ygata
sensh
raish
ENJA
31
Conjunctions
also
mo
and
to
because
node
but
demo, kedo, ga
furthermore
soreni
however
tadashi
or (in questions), or else, otherwise
ka
so
sonnani
so that
yni
32
ENJA
ENJA
33
34
EN
IPA

ky wa teki ga desu.
[ko teki i des ||]
EN
I'm not rich.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa okanemochi dewa arimase.
[ti oknemoi de imse ||]
EN
This bag's heavy.
ROM
IPA

kono baggu wa omoi desu.
[kono b omoi des ||]
EN
These bags are heavy.
ROM
IPA

korera no baggu wa omoi desu.
[koe no b omoi des ||]
EN
Look, there's my friend.
ROM
The weather's nice today.
ROM
IPA

mite kudasai, anohito wa watashi no tomodachi desu.
[mite kdsi | noi to ti no tomodi des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
6
35
EN
IPA

watashi mo ani mo tenisu ga jzu desu.
[ti mo ni mo tenis oz des ||]
EN
His mother's at home. He's at school.
ROM
IPA
kare no oksa wa ie ni ite, kare wa gakk ni imasu.

[ke no oks ie ni ite | ke kko ni ims ||]
EN
Her children are at school.
ROM
IPA

kanojo no kodomo wa gakk ni imasu.
[knoo no kodomo kko ni ims ||]
EN
I'm a taxi driver.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa takushdoraib desu.
[ti tk idoib des ||]
EN
My sister's a nurse.
ROM
10
My brother and I are good tennis players.
ROM
IPA

watashi no imto wa kagoshi desu.
[ti no imoto koi des ||]
36
11
EN
IPA
EN
I'm not hungry, but I'm thirsty.
ROM
ROM
IPA
13
EN
ROM
IPA
14
He's sick. He's in bed.

kare wa kaze o hteite, beddo de yoko ni natte imasu.

[ke kze o hitete | beddo de joko ni ntte ims ||]
12
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA
onaka wa suite imase ga, nodo ga sugoku kawaite imasu.

[onk site imse | nodo sok kite ims
||]
He's a very old man. He's ninety-eight (98) years old.

kare wa toshi o totteimasu. kare wa m kyjhassai desu.
[ke toi o tottems || ke mo khssi
des ||]
These chairs aren't beautiful, but they're comfortable.

korera no isu wa kirei dewa arimase ga, suwari kokochi ga
desu.
[koe no is kie de imse | si kokoi
i des ||]
ENJA
15
37
EN
IPA

ky no teki wa atatakakute harete imasu.
[ko no teki ttkk te hete ims ||]
EN
You're late. No, I'm not! I'm early.
ROM
16
ROM
IPA
17
EN

anata wa chikoku desu ne. e, chikoku shite imase yo.
hayame ni tsukimashita.
[nt i kok des ne || ie | i kok i te imse jo ||
hjme ni kimi t ||]
She isn't home. She's at work.
IPA

kanojo wa ima uchi ni imase. shigoto desu.
[knoo im i ni imse || ioto des ||]
EN
Here's your coat.
ROM
18
The weather's warm and sunny today.
ROM
IPA

kore wa anata no kto desu.
[koe nt no koto des ||]
38
19
EN
IPA

anata no namae wa nadesuka?
[nt no nme nndes k ||]
EN
My name's Alan.
ROM
20
IPA

watashi no namae wa ere desu.
[ti no nme een des ||]
EN
Where are you from?
ROM
21
IPA

anata wa doko kara kimashita ka?
[nt doko k kimi t k ||]
EN
I'm from New York.
ROM
22
IPA

watashi wa nyyku kara kimashita.
[ti njok k kimi t ||]
EN
How old are you?
ROM
23
What's your name?
ROM
IPA

ima nasai desu ka?
[im n si des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
24
39
EN
IPA

watashi wa hatachi desu.
[ti hti des ||]
EN
What's your job?
ROM
25
IPA

anata wa dona shigoto o shite imasu ka?
[nt donn ioto o i te ims k ||]
EN
I'm a teacher.
ROM
26
IPA

watashi wa sesei desu.
[ti sese des ||]
EN
What's your favorite color?
ROM
27
IPA

anata wa dona iro ga ichiba suki desu ka?
[nt donn io iib s ki des k ||]
EN
My favorite color is blue.
ROM
28
I'm twenty (20) years old.
ROM
IPA

watashi no ichiba suki na iro wa ao desu.
[ti no iib s ki n io o des ||]
40
29
EN
IPA

anata wa nani ni kymi ga arimasu ka?
[nt nni ni komi ims k ||]
EN
I'm interested in music.
ROM
30
IPA

watashi wa ogaku ni kymi ga arimasu.
[ti ok ni komi ims ||]
EN
It's hot today.
ROM
31
IPA

ky wa hot ni atsui desu.
[ko honto ni i des ||]
EN
It isn't hot today.
ROM
32
IPA

ky wa atsukunai desu.
[ko kni des ||]
EN
It's windy today.
ROM
33
What are you interested in?
ROM
IPA

ky wa kaze ga tsuyoi desu.
[ko kze joi des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
34
41
EN
IPA

ky no kaze wa amari tsuyokunai desu.
[ko no kze mi jokni des ||]
EN
My hands are cold.
ROM
35
IPA

watashi no te wa tsumetai desu.
[ti no te meti des ||]
EN
Brazil is a very big country.
ROM
36
IPA

burajiru wa totemo k kuni desu.
[bi totemo oki kni des ||]
EN
Diamonds are not cheap.
ROM
37
IPA

daiyamodo wa yasuku arimase.
[dijmondo js k imse ||]
EN
Toronto isn't in the United States.
ROM
38
It isn't windy today.
ROM
IPA

toroto wa amerika ni wa arimase.
[toonto meik ni imse ||]
42
39
EN
IPA
tsukaremashita.
[ kemi t ||]
EN
I'm not tired.
ROM
40
IPA

tsukarete imase.
[ kete imse ||]
EN
I'm hungry.
ROM
41
IPA

onaka ga sukimashita.
[onk s kimi t ||]
EN
I'm not hungry.
ROM
42
IPA

onaka wa suite imase.
[onk site imse ||]
EN
He's a good swimmer.
ROM
43
I'm tired.
ROM
IPA

kare wa suiei ga jzu desu.
[ke sie oz des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
44
43
EN
IPA

watashi wa seiji ni wa kymi ga arimase.
[ti sei ni komi imse ||]
EN
What's your name?
ROM
45
IPA

anata no namae wa na desu ka.
[nt no nme nn des k ||]
EN
My name's Amanda.
ROM
46
IPA

watashi no namae wa amada desu.
[ti no nme mnd des ||]
EN
Are you married?
ROM
47
IPA

anata wa kekko shite imasu ka?
[nt kekko i te ims k ||]
EN
No, I'm single.
ROM
48
I'm not interested in politics.
ROM
IPA

mada desu, dokushi desu.
[md des | dok in des ||]
44
49
EN
IPA

oikutsu (nasai) desu ka?
[oik (n si) des k ||]
EN
I'm twenty-five (25).
ROM
50
IPA

nijgosai desu.
[niosi des ||]
EN
Are you a student?
ROM
51
IPA

anata wa gakusei desu ka?
[nt k se des k ||]
EN
Yes, I am.
ROM
52
IPA

hai, s desu.
[hi | so des ||]
EN
Am I late?
ROM
53
How old are you?
ROM
IPA

watashi wa chikoku desu ka?
[ti i kok des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
54
45
EN
IPA

e, jikadri ni tsukimashita.
[ie | ikndoi ni kimi t ||]
EN
Is your mother at home?
ROM
55
IPA

anata no oksa wa ie ni imasu ka?
[nt no oks ie ni ims k ||]
EN
No, she's out.
ROM
56
IPA
e, dekakemashita.
[ie | dekkemi t ||]
EN
Are your parents at home?
ROM
57
IPA

anata no ryshi wa uchi ni imasu ka?
[nt no oi i ni ims k ||]
EN
No, they're out.
ROM
58
No, you're on time.
ROM
IPA
e, dekakemashita.
[ie | dekkemi t ||]
46
59
EN
IPA
EN
Yes, a little.
ROM
60
IPA

hai, sukoshi samui desu.
[hi | s koi smi des ||]
EN
Your shoes are nice. Are they new?
ROM
61
IPA

kekk kutsu desu ne, shipi desu ka?
[kekko i k des ne | impin des k ||]
EN
Yes, they are.
ROM
62
IPA

hai, shipi desu.
[hi | impin des ||]
EN
Where's your mother? Is she at home?
ROM
63
Is it cold in your room?

anata no heya wa samui desu ka?
[nt no hej smi des k ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

anata no oksa wa doko desuka? uchi ni imasu ka?
[nt no oks doko des k || i ni ims k ||]
ENJA
64
47
EN
IPA

anata wa doko kara kimashita ka?
[nt doko k kimi t k ||]
EN
I'm from Canada.
ROM
65
IPA

watashi wa kanada kara kimashita.
[ti knd k kimi t ||]
EN
What color is your car?
ROM
66
IPA

anata no kuruma wa nanro desu ka?
[nt no km nnio des k ||]
EN
It's red.
ROM
67
IPA

aka desu.
[k des ||]
EN
How old is Hassan?
ROM
68
Where are you from?
ROM
IPA

hassasa wa nasai desu ka?
[hss s n si des k ||]
48
69
EN
IPA
EN
How are your parents?
ROM
70
IPA

anata no ryshi wa ogeki desu ka?
[nt no oi oeki des k ||]
EN
They're doing fine.
ROM
71
IPA

ryshi tomoni geki desu yo.
[oin tomoni eki des jo ||]
EN
These postcards are nice. How much are they?
ROM
72
IPA

korera no hagaki wa suteki desu ne. ikura desu ka?
[koe no hki s teki des ne || ik des k ||]
EN
They're a dollar. They're a buck. They're a pound. They're a euro.
ROM
73
He's twenty-four (24).

kare wa nijyosai desu.
[ke nijosi des ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

ichimai ichidorudesu
[iimi iidodes ]
ENJA
74
49
EN
ROM
IPA
75
EN
What's your phone number?
IPA
EN
Who's that man?
ROM
IPA

ano otoko no hito wa dare desu ka?
[no otoko no i to de des k ||]
EN
He's the boss.
ROM
77

kono ryoka wa amari yoku nai noni dshite kona ni takai no
desu ka?
[kono ok mi jok ni noni doi te konn ni tki no
des k ||]

anata no dewabag wa naba desu ka?
[nt no debo nmbn des k ||]
76
This hotel isn't very good. Why is it so expensive?
ROM
IPA

kare wa shach desu.
[ke o des ||]
50
78
EN
IPA

anata no tomodachi wa doko desu ka?
[nt no tomodi doko des k ||]
EN
She's in the bathroom.
ROM
79
IPA

kanojo wa toire ni imasu.
[knoo toie ni ims ||]
EN
How's your father?
ROM
80
IPA

anata no otsa wa geki desu ka?
[nt no otos eki des k ||]
EN
He's doing great.
ROM
81
IPA

kare wa geki desu yo.
[ke eki des jo ||]
EN
Are you tired?
ROM
82
Where's your friend?
ROM
IPA

tsukaremashita ka?
[ kemi t k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
83
51
EN
IPA
hai, tsukaremashita.
[hi | kemi t ||]
EN
Are you hungry?
ROM
84
IPA

onaka suite imasu ka?
[onk site ims k ||]
EN
No, but I'm thirsty.
ROM
85
IPA

e, suite imase ga, nodo ga kawakimashita.
[ie | site imse | nodo kkimi t ||]
EN
Is your friend Chinese?
ROM
86
IPA

anata no tomodachi wa chgokuji desu ka?
[nt no tomodi okin des k ||]
EN
Yes, he is.
ROM
87
Yes, I am.
ROM
IPA

hai, s desu.
[hi | so des ||]
52
88
EN
IPA

korera wa anata no kagi desu ka?
[koe nt no ki des k ||]
EN
Yes, they are.
ROM
89
IPA

hai, watashi no desu.
[hi | ti no des ||]
EN
That's my seat.
ROM
90
IPA

sore wa watashi no seki desu.
[soe ti no seki des ||]
EN
No, it isn't.
ROM
91
IPA
e, chigaimasu.
[ie | iims ||]
EN
Where's the camera?
ROM
92
Are these your keys?
ROM
IPA

kamera wa doko ni arimasu ka?
[kme doko ni ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
93
53
EN
IPA

anata no kaba no naka ni arimasu.
[nt no kbn no nk ni ims ||]
EN
Is your car blue?
ROM
94
IPA

anata no kuruma wa aoi no desu ka?
[nt no km oi no des k ||]
EN
No, it's black.
ROM
95
IPA

e, kuro no desu.
[ie | ko no des ||]
EN
Is Lisa from Toronto?
ROM
96
IPA

risasa wa toroto kara kimashita ka?
[iss toonto k kimi t k ||]
EN
No, she's American.
ROM
97
It's in your bag.
ROM
IPA

e, kanojo wa amerikaji desu.
[ie | knoo meikin des ||]
54
98
EN
IPA

watashi wa chikoku desu ka?
[ti i kok des k ||]
EN
Yes, you are.
ROM
99
IPA

hai, anata wa chikoku desu.
[hi | nt i kok des ||]
EN
Where's Layla from?
ROM
100
IPA

reir wa doko kara kimashita ka?
[e doko k kimi t k ||]
EN
She's from London.
ROM
101
IPA

kanojo wa rodo kara kimashita.
[knoo ondo k kimi t ||]
EN
What color is your bag?
ROM
102
Am I late?
ROM
IPA

anata no baggu wa nanro desu ka?
[nt no b nnio des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
103
55
EN
IPA

kuro desu.
[ko des ||]
EN
Are you hungry?
ROM
104
IPA

onaka sukimashita ka?
[onk s kimi t k ||]
EN
No, I'm not.
ROM
105
IPA
e, suiteimase.
[ie | sitemse ||]
EN
How's John?
ROM
106
IPA

josa wa geki desu ka?
[os eki des k ||]
EN
He's fine.
ROM
107
It's black.
ROM
IPA

kare wa geki desu yo.
[ke eki des jo ||]
56
108
EN
IPA

ano ona no hito wa dare desu ka?
[no onn no i to de des k ||]
EN
She's my sister.
ROM
109
IPA

watashi no ane desu.
[ti no ne des ||]
EN
Is your mother at home?
ROM
110
IPA

anata no oksa wa uchi ni imasu ka?
[nt no oks i ni ims k ||]
EN
How are your parents?
ROM
111
IPA

anata no ryshi wa geki desu ka?
[nt no oi eki des k ||]
EN
Is your job interesting?
ROM
112
Who's that woman?
ROM
IPA

anata no shigoto wa tanosh desu ka?
[nt no ioto tnoi des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
113
57
EN
IPA

korera no mise wa ky aite imasu ka?
[koe no mise ko ite ims k ||]
EN
Where are you from?
ROM
114
IPA

kare wa doko shusshi desu ka?
[ke doko in des k ||]
EN
Are you interested in sports?
ROM
115
IPA

anata wa ud ni kymi ga arimasu ka?
[nt ndo ni komi ims k ||]
EN
Is the post office near here?
ROM
116
IPA

ybikyoku wa kono chikaku ni arimasu ka?
[jbikok kono i kk ni ims k ||]
EN
Are your children at school?
ROM
117
Are the stores open today?
ROM
IPA

anata no kodomo wa gakk ni imasu ka?
[nt no kodomo kko ni ims k ||]
58
118
EN
IPA

dshite chikoku shimashita ka?
[doi te i kok imi t k ||]
EN
How are your children?
ROM
119
IPA

anata no kodomotachi wa geki desu ka?
[nt no kodomoti eki des k ||]
EN
They're fine.
ROM
120
IPA

geki desu yo.
[eki des jo ||]
EN
Where's the bus stop?
ROM
121
IPA

basutei wa doko desu ka?
[bs te doko des k ||]
EN
At the stoplight.
ROM
122
Why are you late?
ROM
IPA

shig no soba ni arimasu.
[io no sob ni ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
123
59
EN
IPA

anata no kodomotachi wa nasai desu ka?
[nt no kodomoti n si des k ||]
EN
Five (5), seven (7), and ten (10).
ROM
124
IPA

gosai, nanasai to jussai desu.
[osi | nnsi to ssi des ||]
EN
How much are these oranges?
ROM
125
IPA

korera no oreji wa ikura desu ka?
[koe no oeni ik des k ||]
EN
A dollar fifty a pound ($1.50/lb). They're 2.3 Euros a kilo.
ROM
126
IPA

ichikiro de sabyakue desu.
[ii kio de smbken des ||]
EN
What's your favorite sport?
ROM
127
How old are your children?
ROM
IPA

ichiba sukina ud wa na desu ka?
[iib s kin ndo nn des k ||]
60
128
EN
IPA

watashi no ichiba sukina ud wa suk desu.
[ti no iib s kin ndo s ki des ||]
EN
Who's the man in this photo?
ROM
129
IPA

kono shashi no dasei wa dare desu ka?
[kono in no d se de des k ||]
EN
That's my father.
ROM
130
IPA

watashi no chichi desu.
[ti no i i des ||]
EN
What color are your new shoes?
ROM
131
IPA

anata no atarash kutsu wa nanro desu ka?
[nt no ti k nnio des k ||]
EN
They're black.
ROM
132
My favorite sport is skiing.
ROM
IPA

kuro desu.
[ko des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
133
61
EN
IPA

anata no namae wa na desu ka?
[nt no nme nn des k ||]
EN
I'm Brian.
ROM
134
IPA

watashi no namae wa buraia desu.
[ti no nme bin des ||]
EN
Are you Australian?
ROM
135
IPA

anata wa sutorariaji desu ka?
[nt os toiin des k ||]
EN
No, I'm Canadian.
ROM
136
IPA

e, kanadaji desu.
[ie | kndin des ||]
EN
How old are you?
ROM
137
What's your name?
ROM
IPA

nasai desu ka?
[n si des k ||]
62
138
EN
IPA

sajsasai desu.
[sns si des ||]
EN
Are you a teacher?
ROM
139
IPA

anata wa sesei desu ka?
[nt sese des k ||]
EN
No, I'm a doctor.
ROM
140
IPA

e, watashi wa isha desu.
[ie | ti i des ||]
EN
Are you married?
ROM
141
IPA

anata wa kekko shite imasuka?
[nt kekko i te ims k ||]
EN
Yes, I am.
ROM
142
I'm thirty-three.
ROM
IPA

hai, kekko shite imasu.
[hi | kekko i te ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
143
63
EN
IPA

anata no okusa wa isha desu ka?
[nt no ok s i des k ||]
EN
No, she's a teacher.
ROM
144
IPA

e, kanojo wa sesei desu.
[ie | knoo sese des ||]
EN
Where is she from?
ROM
145
IPA

kanojo wa doko kara kimashita ka?
[knoo doko k kimi t k ||]
EN
She's from Mexico.
ROM
146
IPA

kanojo wa mekishiko kara kimashita.
[knoo meki i ko k kimi t ||]
EN
What's her name?
ROM
147
Is your wife a doctor?
ROM
IPA

kanojo no namae wa na desu ka?
[knoo no nme nn des k ||]
64
148
EN
IPA
EN
How old is she?
ROM
149
IPA

kanojo wa nasai desu ka?
[knoo n si des k ||]
EN
She's twenty-six (26).
ROM
150
IPA

kanojo wa nijrokusai desu.
[knoo niok si des ||]
EN
Are you married? No, I'm not.
ROM
151
Her name is Barbara.

kanojo no namae wa bbara desu.
[knoo no nme bb des ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

anata wa kekko shite imasu ka? e, mada kekko shite
imase.
[nt kekko i te ims k || ie | md kekko i te
imse ||]
ENJA
152
65
EN
IPA
nodo kawaite imasu ka? hai, sugoku kawaite imasu.

[nodo kite ims k || hi | sok kite ims ||]
EN
Is it cold today? No, it isn't.
ROM
153
IPA

ky wa samui desu ka? e, ky wa samukunai desu.
[ko smi des k || ie | ko smkni des ||]
EN
Are your hands cold? No, they aren't.
ROM
154
ROM
IPA
155
Are you thirsty? Yes, I am.
EN
ROM
IPA

anata no te wa tsumetai desu ka? e, tsumetakunai desu.
[nt no te meti des k || ie | metkni
des ||]
Is it dark now? Yes, it is.

m kuraku narimashita ka? hai, kuraku narimashita.
[mo kk nimi t k || hi | kk nimi t ||]
66
156
EN
IPA
EN
I'm working. I'm not watching TV.
ROM
157
IPA
watashi wa ima shigoto o shite ite, terebi wa mite imase.

[ti im ioto o i te ite | teebi mite imse ||]
EN
Barbara is reading a newspaper.
ROM
158
IPA

bbara wa shibu o yode imasu.
[bb imb o jonde ims ||]
EN
She isn't eating.
ROM
159
IPA

kanojo wa nani mo tabete imase.
[knoo nni mo tbete imse ||]
EN
The phone is ringing.
ROM
160
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am.

anata wa sesei desuka? hai, s desu.
[nt sese des k || hi | so des ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

dewa ga natte imasu.
[de ntte ims ||]
ENJA
161
67
EN
IPA

watashitachi wa ima bagoha o tabete imasu.
[ti ti im boh o tbete ims ||]
EN
You're not listening to me.
ROM
162
IPA

anata wa watashi no hanashi o kte imase.
[nt ti no hni o kite imse ||]
EN
The children are doing their homework.
ROM
163
IPA

kodomotachi wa ima shukudai o yatte imasu.
[kodomoti im kdi o jtte ims ||]
EN
Please be quiet. I'm working.
ROM
164
IPA

shizukani shite kudasai, shigoto o shite imasu kara.
[izkni i te kdsi | ioto o i te ims k ||]
EN
The weather's nice. It's not raining.
ROM
165
We're having dinner.
ROM
IPA

teki desu, ame wa futte imase.
[i teki des | me tte imse ||]
68
166
EN
IPA
EN
We're having dinner now. Can I call you later?
ROM
ROM
IPA
168
EN

watashitachi wa ima bagoha o tabete imasu. atode mata
dewa o kaketemo desuka.
[ti ti im boh o tbete ims || tode mt
de o kketemo ides k ||]
I'm not watching TV.
IPA

watashi wa terebi o mite imase.
[ti teebi o mite imse ||]
EN
She's eating an apple.
ROM
169
Where are the children? They're playing in the park.

kodomotachi wa doko desu ka? ke de asode imasu.

[kodomoti doko des k || koen de sonde ims ||]
167
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa ima rigo o tabete imasu.
[knoo im io o tbete ims ||]
ENJA
170
69
EN
IPA

kare wa ima basu o matte imasu.
[ke im bs o mtte ims ||]
EN
They're playing football.
ROM
171
IPA

karera wa ima sakk o shite imasu.
[ke im skk o i te ims ||]
EN
He's lying on the floor.
ROM
172
IPA

kare wa yuka ni nekorode imasu.
[ke jk ni nekoonde ims ||]
EN
We're eating breakfast.
ROM
173
IPA

watashitachi wa ima asagoha o tabete imasu.
[ti ti im soh o tbete ims ||]
EN
She's sitting on the table.
ROM
174
He's waiting for a bus.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa tsukue no ue ni suwatte imasu.
[knoo ke no e ni stte ims ||]
70
175
EN
IPA
EN
You stepped on my foot. I'm sorry.
ROM
IPA

anata wa watashi no ashi o fumimashita. sumimase.
[nt ti no i o mimi t || smimse ||]
EN
Somebody is swimming in the river.
ROM
177
IPA

dare ka ga kawa de oyoide imasu.
[de k k de ojoide ims ||]
EN
We're here on vacation. We're staying at a hotel on the beach.
ROM
178
He's in the kitchen. He's cooking.

kare wa kitchi ni imasu. ryri o tsukutte imasu.

[ke ki tin ni ims || oi o k tte ims ||]
176
ENJA
ROM
IPA

watashitachi wa koko e bakasu ni kimashita. umibe no hoteru ni
tomatte imasu.
[ti ti koko e bk s ni kimi t || mibe no
hote ni tomtte ims ||]
ENJA
179
71
EN
ROM
IPA
180
EN
ROM
IPA
181
EN

tairsa wa doko desu ka? kanojo wa ofuro ni haitte imasu.
[tis doko des k || knoo oo ni hitte
ims ||]
They're building a new hotel downtown.

karera wa toshi no chshibu ni atarash hoteru o tatete imasu.
[ke toi no imb ni ti hote o ttete ims
||]
I'm leaving now, goodbye.
IPA

m kaerimasu, saynara.
[mo keims | sjon ||]
EN
She isn't having dinner.
ROM
182
Where's Tara? She's taking a shower.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa bagoha o tabete imase.
[knoo boh o tbete imse ||]
72
183
EN
IPA

kanojo wa terebi o mite imasu.
[knoo teebi o mite ims ||]
EN
She's sitting on the floor.
ROM
184
IPA

kanojo wa yuka ni suwatte imasu.
[knoo jk ni stte ims ||]
EN
She's reading a book.
ROM
185
IPA

kanojo wa ho o yode imasu.
[knoo ho o jonde ims ||]
EN
He's not playing the piano.
ROM
186
IPA

kanojo wa piano o hte imase.
[knoo pino o hite imse ||]
EN
He's laughing.
ROM
187
She's watching TV.
ROM
IPA

kare wa waratte imasu.
[ke tte ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
188
73
EN
IPA

kare wa bshi o kabutte imasu.
[ke boi o kbtte ims ||]
EN
He's not writing a letter.
ROM
189
IPA

kare wa tegami o kaite imase.
[ke temi o kite imse ||]
EN
I'm not washing my hair.
ROM
190
IPA

watashi wa kami o aratte imase.
[ti kmi o tte imse ||]
EN
It isn't snowing.
ROM
191
IPA

yuki wa futte imase.
[jki tte imse ||]
EN
I'm sitting on a chair.
ROM
192
He's wearing a hat.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa isu ni suwatte imasu.
[ti is ni stte ims ||]
74
193
EN
IPA

watashi wa ima tabete imase.
[ti im tbete imse ||]
EN
It's raining.
ROM
194
IPA

ame ga futte imasu.
[me tte ims ||]
EN
I'm not studying english.
ROM
195
IPA

watashi wa eigo o beky shite imase.
[ti eo o beko i te imse ||]
EN
I'm listening to music.
ROM
196
IPA

watashi wa uta o kte imasu.
[ti t o kite ims ||]
EN
The sun isn't shining.
ROM
197
I'm not eating.
ROM
IPA

ky wa taiy ga dete imase.
[ko tijo dete imse ||]
ENJA
ENJA
198
75
EN
IPA

watashi wa ima kutsu o haite imasu.
[ti im k o hite ims ||]
EN
I'm not reading the newspaper.
ROM
199
IPA

watashi wa shibu o yode imase.
[ti imb o jonde imse ||]
EN
Are you feeling okay?
ROM
200
IPA

guai wa d desu ka?
[i do des k ||]
EN
Yes, I'm fine.
ROM
201
IPA

hai, daijbu desu.
[hi | diob des ||]
EN
Is it raining?
ROM
202
I'm wearing my shoes.
ROM
IPA

ame desu ka?
[me des k ||]
76
203
EN
IPA

hai, kasa o motte itte kudasai.
[hi | ks o motte itte kdsi ||]
EN
Why are you wearing a coat?
ROM
204
IPA

dshite kto o kite iru no desu ka?
[doi te koto o ki te i no des k ||]
EN
It's not cold.
ROM
205
IPA

samukunai desu.
[smkni des ||]
EN
What's he doing?
ROM
206
IPA

kare wa nani o shite imasu ka?
[ke nni o i te ims k ||]
EN
He's reading the newspaper.
ROM
207
Yes, take an umbrella.
ROM
IPA

kare wa shibu o yode imasu.
[ke imb o jonde ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
208
77
EN
IPA

kodomotachi wa nani o shite imasu ka?
[kodomoti nni o i te ims k ||]
EN
They're watching TV.
ROM
209
IPA

karera wa terebi o mite imasu.
[ke teebi o mite ims ||]
EN
Where's she going?
ROM
210
IPA

kanojo wa doko ni ikimasu ka?
[knoo doko ni ikims k ||]
EN
Who are you waiting for?
ROM
211
IPA

anata wa dare o matte imasu ka?
[nt de o mtte ims k ||]
EN
Are you waiting for John?
ROM
212
What are the children doing?
ROM
IPA

anata wa jo o matte iru no desu ka?
[nt o o mtte i no des k ||]
78
213
EN
IPA

m kaeru no desuka?
[mo ke no des k ||]
EN
Yes, I am.
ROM
214
IPA

hai, m kaerimasu.
[hi | mo keims ||]
EN
Is Chris working today?
ROM
215
IPA

kurisu wa ky shigoto ga arimasu ka?
[kis ko ioto ims k ||]
EN
No, he isn't.
ROM
216
IPA
e, arimase.
[ie | imse ||]
EN
Is the sun shining?
ROM
217
Are you leaving now?
ROM
IPA

taiy wa dete imasu ka?
[tijo dete ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
218
79
EN
IPA

hai, dete imasu.
[hi | dete ims ||]
EN
Are your friends staying at a hotel?
ROM
219
IPA

anata no tomodachi wa ryoka ni tomatte imasu ka?
[nt no tomodi okn ni tomtte ims k ||]
EN
No, they're staying with me.
ROM
220
IPA

e, karera wa watashi to sude imasu.
[ie | ke ti to snde ims ||]
EN
Are you watching TV?
ROM
221
IPA

anata wa terebi o mite imasu ka?
[nt teebi o mite ims k ||]
EN
No, you can turn it off.
ROM
222
Yes, it is.
ROM
IPA

e, keshitemo desu yo.
[ie | kei temo i des jo ||]
80
223
EN
IPA

m kaerimasu ka?
[mo keims k ||]
EN
Yes, see you tomorrow.
ROM
224
IPA

hai, mata ashita aimash.
[hi | mt i t imo ||]
EN
Is it raining?
ROM
225
IPA

ame desu ka?
[me des k ||]
EN
No, not right now.
ROM
226
IPA

e, ima wa futte imase.
[ie | im tte imse ||]
EN
Are you enjoying the movie?
ROM
227
Are you leaving now?
ROM
IPA

anata wa kono eiga ga suki desu ka?
[nt kono e s ki des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
228
81
EN
IPA

suki desu, kono eiga wa totemo omoshiroi desu.
[s ki des | kono e totemo omoioi des ||]
EN
Does the clock work?
ROM
229
IPA

kono tokei wa kowaremashita ka?
[kono toke koemi t k ||]
EN
No, it's broken.
ROM
230
IPA

hai, kowaremashita. kosh shite imasu.
[hi | koemi t || koo i te ims ||]
EN
Are you waiting for a bus?
ROM
231
IPA

anata wa basu o matte imasu ka?
[nt bs o mtte ims k ||]
EN
No, I'm waiting for a taxi.
ROM
232
Yes, it's very funny.
ROM
IPA

e, takush o matte imasu.
[ie | tk i o mtte ims ||]
82
233
EN
IPA

nani o yode imasu ka?
[nni o jonde ims k ||]
EN
Where is she going?
ROM
234
IPA

kanojo wa doko ni ikimasu ka?
[knoo doko ni ikims k ||]
EN
What are you eating?
ROM
235
IPA

anata wa nani o tabete imasu ka?
[nt nni o tbete ims k ||]
EN
Why are you crying?
ROM
236
IPA

dshite naite iru no desu ka?
[doi te nite i no des k ||]
EN
What are they looking at?
ROM
237
What are you reading?
ROM
IPA

karera wa nani o mite iru no desu ka?
[ke nni o mite i no des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
238
83
EN
IPA

kare wa dshite waratte iru no desu ka?
[ke doi te tte i no des k ||]
EN
Are you listening to me?
ROM
239
IPA

chato kte imasu ka?
[nto kite ims k ||]
EN
Where are your friends going?
ROM
240
IPA

anata no tomodachi wa doko ni iku no desu ka?
[nt no tomodi doko ni ik no des k ||]
EN
Are your parents watching TV?
ROM
241
IPA

anata no ryshi wa terebi o mite imasu ka?
[nt no oi teebi o mite ims k ||]
EN
What's Claire cooking?
ROM
242
Why is he laughing?
ROM
IPA

kureasa wa dona ryri o tsukutte imasu ka?
[kes donn oi o k tte ims k ||]
84
243
EN
IPA

dshite watashi o mitsumeru no desu ka?
[doi te ti o mime no des k ||]
EN
Is the bus coming?
ROM
244
IPA

basu wa m kimasu ka?
[bs mo kims k ||]
EN
Are you watching TV?
ROM
245
IPA

anata wa terebi o mite imasu ka?
[nt teebi o mite ims k ||]
EN
No, I'm not.
ROM
246
IPA

e, mite imase.
[ie | mite imse ||]
EN
Are you wearing a watch?
ROM
247
Why are you looking at me?
ROM
IPA

tokei o shite imasu ka?
[toke o i te ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
248
85
EN
IPA

e, shite imase.
[ie | i te imse ||]
EN
Is he eating something?
ROM
249
IPA

kare wa nani o tabete imasu ka?
[ke nni o tbete ims k ||]
EN
No, he isn't.
ROM
250
IPA

e, nani mo tabete imase.
[ie | nni mo tbete imse ||]
EN
Is it raining?
ROM
251
IPA

ame wa futte imasu ka?
[me tte ims k ||]
EN
No, it isn't.
ROM
252
No, I'm not.
ROM
IPA

e, futte imase.
[ie | tte imse ||]
86
253
EN
IPA

anata wa yuka ni suwatte imasu ka?
[nt jk ni stte ims k ||]
EN
Yes, I am.
ROM
254
IPA

hai, yuka ni suwatte imasu.
[hi | jk ni stte ims ||]
EN
Are you feeling all right?
ROM
255
IPA

guai wa yoku narimashita ka?
[i jok nimi t k ||]
EN
No, I'm not.
ROM
256
IPA

e, yoku nai desu.
[ie | jok ni des ||]
EN
They're looking at their books.
ROM
257
Are you sitting on the floor?
ROM
IPA

karera wa ho o yode imasu.
[ke ho o jonde ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
258
87
EN
IPA

karera wa takusa ho o yode imasu.
[ke tk s ho o jonde ims ||]
EN
He's eating ice cream.
ROM
259
IPA

kare wa aisukurmu o tabete imasu.
[ke is kim o tbete ims ||]
EN
He likes ice cream.
ROM
260
IPA

kare wa aisukurmu ga suki desu.
[ke is kim s ki des ||]
EN
I work in an office.
ROM
261
IPA

watashi wa sararma desu.
[ti simn des ||]
EN
My brother works in a bank.
ROM
262
They read a lot.
ROM
IPA

watashi no otto wa gik ni tsutomete imasu.
[ti no ototo iko ni tomete ims ||]
88
263
EN
IPA

kanojo wa nyyku ni sude imasu.
[knoo njok ni snde ims ||]
EN
Her parents live in Chicago.
ROM
264
IPA

kanojo no ryshi wa shikago ni sude imasu.
[knoo no oi i ko ni snde ims ||]
EN
It rains a lot in the winter.
ROM
265
IPA

koko wa fuyu yoku ame ga orimasu.
[koko j jok me oims ||]
EN
Mike has lunch at home every day.
ROM
266
IPA

maiku wa mainichi uchi de hirugoha o tabemasu.
[mik minii i de ioh o tbems ||]
EN
I like big cities.
ROM
267
She lives in New York.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa daitoshi ga suki desu.
[ti ditoi s ki des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
268
89
EN
IPA

anata no eigo wa jzu desu.
[nt no eo oz des ||]
EN
You speak English very well.
ROM
269
IPA

anata wa eigo o jzu ni hanasete imasu.
[nt eo o oz ni hnsete ims ||]
EN
Minoru works very hard.
ROM
270
IPA

minoru wa majime ni shigoto shite imasu.
[mino mime ni ioto i te ims ||]
EN
He starts at seven thirty (7:30).
ROM
271
IPA

()
kare wa shichiji (nanaji) kara hajimemasu.
[ke i ii (nni) k himems ||]
EN
And he finishes at eight [o'clock] (8:00) at night.
ROM
272
Your English is good.
ROM
IPA

soshite, yoru no hachiji ni owarimasu.
[soi te | jo no hii ni oims ||]
90
273
EN
IPA
EN
We do a lot of different things in our free time.
ROM
274
ROM
IPA
275
EN
watashitachi wa himana toki ni samazama na koto o shite imasu.

[ti ti imn toki ni smzm n koto o i te ims
||]
It costs a lot of money.
IPA

kore ni wa takusa okane ga kakarimasu.
[koe ni tk s okne kkims ||]
EN
She always goes to work early.
ROM
276
The earth goes around the sun.

chiky wa taiy o mawatte imasu.
[i k tijo o mtte ims ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

kanojo wa itsumo hayame ni kaisha e ikimasu.
[knoo imo hjme ni ki e ikims ||]
ENJA
277
91
EN
IPA

kanojo wa itsumo hayame ni kaisha e tsukimasu.
[knoo imo hjme ni ki e kims ||]
EN
We often sleep late on weekends.
ROM
278
IPA

watashitachi wa itsumo shmatsu osoku made nemasu.
[ti ti imo m osok mde nems ||]
EN
Megumi usually plays tennis on Sundays.
ROM
279
IPA

emi wa itsumo nichiybi ni tenisu o shimasu.
[emi imo niijobi ni tenis o ims ||]
EN
I sometimes walk to work, but not often.
ROM
280
She always gets to work early.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa tokidoki aruite shigoto ni ikimasu ga, amari s
shimase.
[ti tokidoki ite ioto ni ikims | mi so
imse ||]
92
281
EN
IPA

kanojo wa yomimasu.
[knoo jomims ||]
EN
He thinks.
ROM
282
IPA

kare wa kagaete imasu.
[ke kete ims ||]
EN
It flies.
ROM
283
IPA

kore wa tobimasu.
[koe tobims ||]
EN
He dances.
ROM
284
IPA

kare wa odorimasu.
[ke odoims ||]
EN
She has.
ROM
285
She reads.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa motte imasu.
[knoo motte ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
286
93
EN
IPA

m owarimashita.
[mo oimi t ||]
EN
He plays the piano.
ROM
287
IPA

kare wa piano o hikimasu.
[ke pino o i kims ||]
EN
They live in a very big house.
ROM
288
IPA

karera wa kina ie ni sude imasu.
[ke okin ie ni snde ims ||]
EN
She eats a lot of fruit.
ROM
289
IPA

kare wa takusa kudamono o tabete imasu.
[ke tk s kdmono o tbete ims ||]
EN
He plays tennis.
ROM
290
It finishes.
ROM
IPA

kare wa tenisu o shimasu.
[ke tenis o ims ||]
94
291
EN
IPA

watashitachi wa yoku eiga o mini ikimasu.
[ti ti jok e o mini ikims ||]
EN
He sleeps seven (7) hours a night.
ROM
292
IPA

kare wa maiba nanajika nemasu.
[ke mibn nnikn nems ||]
EN
She speaks four (4) languages.
ROM
293
IPA

kanojo wa yottsu no gego o hanasemasu.
[knoo jot no eo o hnsems ||]
EN
Banks usually open at nine (9:00) in the morning.
ROM
294
IPA

gik wa tsj asa no kuji ni akimasu.
[iko o s no ki ni kims ||]
EN
The museum closes at five (5) in the afternoon.
ROM
295
We go to the movies a lot.
ROM
IPA

kono hakubutsuka wa gogo no goji made desu.
[kono hkb k oo no oi mde des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
296
95
EN
ROM
IPA
297
EN
ROM
IPA
298
EN
ROM
IPA
She's a teacher. She teaches math to children.

kanojo wa sesei desu. kanojo wa kodomotachi ni sgaku o
oshiete imasu.
[knoo sese des || knoo kodomoti ni
sk o oiete ims ||]
My job is very interesting. I meet a lot of people.

watashi no shigoto wa totemo omoshiroi desu. takusa no hito ni
deaemasu.
[ti no ioto totemo omoioi des || tk sn no i to
ni deems ||]
His car is always dirty. He never cleans it.

kare no kuruma wa itsumo kitanai desu. kare wa mattaku

araimase.
[ke no km imo ki tni des || ke
mttk imse ||]
96
299
EN
ROM
IPA
300
EN
ROM
IPA
301
EN
tabemono wa hot ni takai desu. takusa okane ga kakarimasu.

[tbemono honto ni tki des || tk s okne
kkims ||]
Shoes are expensive. They cost a lot of money.

kutsu wa totemo takai desu. okane ga takusa kakarimasu.

[k totemo tki des || okne tk s kkims
||]
Water boils at one hundred degrees (100) Celsius.
IPA
EN
We're good friends. I like her and she likes me.
ROM
302
Food is expensive. It costs a lot of money.

mizu wa sesshi hyakudo de futt shimasu.
[miz sei kdo de tto ims ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

watashitachi wa nakayoshi desu. watashi wa kanojo ga suki de,
kanojo wa watashi no koto ga suki desu.
[ti ti nkjoi des || ti knoo s ki
de | knoo ti no koto s ki des ||]
ENJA
303
97
EN
IPA

kanojo wa itsumo hayame ni tsukimasu.
[knoo imo hjme ni kims ||]
EN
I never go to the movies alone.
ROM
304
IPA

watashi wa hitori de eiga o mini ikimase.
[ti i toi de e o mini ikimse ||]
EN
She always works hard.
ROM
305
IPA
kanojo wa itsumo isshkemei ni shigoto o shiteimasu.

[knoo imo iokemme ni ioto o i tems ||]
EN
Children usually like chocolate.
ROM
306
IPA

futs kodomo wa chokorto ga suki desu.
[ kodomo okoeto s ki des ||]
EN
She always enjoys parties.
ROM
307
She always arrives early.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa pt o konode imasu.
[knoo pti o kononde ims ||]
98
308
EN
IPA
EN
He never watches TV.
ROM
309
IPA

kare wa terebi o mimase.
[ke teebi o mimse ||]
EN
We usually have dinner at six thirty (6:30).
ROM
310
ROM
IPA
311
I often forget people's names.

watashi wa yoku hito no namae o wasuremasu.
[ti jok i to no nme o sems ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
watashitachi wa itsumo rokujiha ni bagoha o tabemasu.

[ti ti imo okihn ni boh o tbems
||]
She always wears nice clothes.

kanojo wa itsumo kireina fuku o kite imasu.
[knoo imo kien k o ki te ims ||]
ENJA
312
99
EN
IPA

watashi wa yoku yoru terebi o mimasu.
[ti jok jo teebi o mims ||]
EN
I never read in bed.
ROM
313
IPA

watashi wa beddo de dokusho shimase.
[ti beddo de dok o imse ||]
EN
I often get up before seven (7:00).
ROM
314
IPA

watashi wa itsumo shichijimae ni okimasu.
[ti imo i iime ni okims ||]
EN
I always go to work by bus.
ROM
315
IPA

watashi wa itsumo basu de shigoto ni ikimasu.
[ti imo bs de ioto ni ikims ||]
EN
I usually go to school by bus.
ROM
316
I usually watch TV in the evening.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa itsumo basu de gakk ni ikimasu.
[ti imo bs de kko ni ikims ||]
100
317
EN
IPA
EN
She doesn't drink coffee.
ROM
318
IPA

kanojo wa kh o nomimase.
[knoo kohi o nomimse ||]
EN
He doesn't like his job.
ROM
319
IPA

kare wa jibu no shigoto ga suki dewa arimase.
[ke ibn no ioto s ki de imse ||]
EN
I drink coffee, but I don't drink tea.
ROM
320
I always drink coffee in the morning.

watashi wa itsumo asa kh o nomimasu.
[ti imo s kohi o nomims ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA
watashi wa kh wa nomimasu ga, ocha wa nomimase.

[ti kohi nomims | o nomimse ||]
ENJA
321
101
EN
IPA
kanojo wa ocha wa nomimasu ga, kh wa nomimase.

[knoo o nomims | kohi nomimse ||]
EN
You don't work very hard.
ROM
322
IPA

anata wa gabatte shigoto o shite imase.
[nt mbtte ioto o i te imse ||]
EN
We don't watch TV very often.
ROM
323
IPA

watashitachi wa amari terebi o mimase.
[ti ti mi teebi o mimse ||]
EN
The weather is usually nice.
ROM
324
IPA

teki wa itsumo desu.
[teki imo i des ||]
EN
It doesn't rain very often.
ROM
325
She drinks tea, but she doesn't drink coffee.
ROM
IPA

amari ame ga furimase.
[mi me imse ||]
102
326
EN
IPA

karera ni wa amari shiriai ga imase.
[ke ni mi iii imse ||]
EN
They don't have many friends.
ROM
327
IPA

karera wa amari tomodachi ga imase.
[ke mi tomodi imse ||]
EN
I don't like football.
ROM
328
IPA

watashi wa sakk ga suki dewa arimase.
[ti skk s ki de imse ||]
EN
He doesn't like football.
ROM
329
They don't know many people.
ROM
IPA

kare wa sakk ga suki deha nai desu.
[ke skk s ki deh ni des ||]
ENJA
ENJA
330
103
EN
ROM
IPA
331
EN
My car doesn't use much gas.
IPA
EN
Sometimes he's late, but not often.
ROM
IPA

kare wa tokidoki chikoku shimasu ga, mettani nai desu.
[ke tokidoki i kok ims | mettni ni des ||]
EN
I don't like to wash the car.
ROM
333

watashi wa kare ga suki dewa arimase shi, kare mo watashi no
koto ga suki dewa arimase.
[ti ke s ki de imse i | ke mo ti
no koto s ki de imse ||]

watashi no kuruma wa amari gasori o kuimase.
[ti no km mi soi o kimse ||]
332
I don't like him, and he doesn't like me.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa kuruma o arau no ga kirai desu.
[ti km o no kii des ||]
104
334
EN
IPA
EN
She speaks Spanish, but she doesn't speak Italian.
ROM
335
ROM
IPA
336
EN
kanojo wa supeigo wa hanasemasu ga, itariago wa

hanasemase.
[knoo s peo hnsems | itio
hnsemse ||]
He doesn't do his job very well.
IPA

kare wa shigoto o umaku yatte imase.
[ke ioto o mk jtte imse ||]
EN
She doesn't usually have breakfast.
ROM
337
I don't do it very often.

watashi wa amari s shimase.
[ti mi so imse ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

kanojo wa amari asagoha o tabemase.
[knoo mi soh o tbemse ||]
ENJA
338
105
EN
IPA

watashi wa amari piano o jzu ni hikemase.
[ti mi pino o oz ni i kemse ||]
EN
She doesn't play the piano very well.
ROM
339
IPA

kanojo wa amari piano o jzu ni hikemase.
[knoo mi pino o oz ni i kemse ||]
EN
They don't know my phone number.
ROM
340
IPA

karera wa watashi no dewabag o shirimase.
[ke ti no debo o iimse ||]
EN
We don't work very hard.
ROM
341
IPA
watashitachi wa isshkemei shigoto o shite imase.

[ti ti iokemme ioto o i te imse ||]
EN
David doesn't have a car.
ROM
342
I don't play the piano very well.
ROM
IPA

deividdosa wa kuruma o motte imase.
[deviddos km o motte imse ||]
106
343
EN
IPA

anata wa mainichi onaji koto o shimase.
[nt minii oni koto o imse ||]
EN
They like classical music.
ROM
344
IPA

karera wa kurashikku ogaku ga suki desu.
[ke ki kk ok s ki des ||]
EN
She doesn't like jazz music.
ROM
345
IPA

kanojo wa jazu ga kirai desu.
[knoo z kii des ||]
EN
I like rock and roll music.
ROM
346
IPA

watashi wa rokku ga suki desu.
[ti okk s ki des ||]
EN
They don't like boxing.
ROM
347
You don't do the same thing every day.
ROM
IPA

karera wa bokushigu ga suki dewa arimase.
[ke bok i s ki de imse ||]
ENJA
ENJA
348
107
EN
IPA

kanojo wa yaky ga kirai desu.
[knoo jk kii des ||]
EN
I like tennis.
ROM
349
IPA

watashi wa tenisu ga suki desu.
[ti tenis s ki des ||]
EN
They like horror movies.
ROM
350
IPA

karera wa horeiga ga suki desu.
[ke hoe s ki des ||]
EN
She doesn't like action movies.
ROM
351
IPA

kanojo wa akushoeiga ga suki dewa arimase.
[knoo k oe s ki de imse ||]
EN
I like romantic movies.
ROM
352
She doesn't like baseball.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa romasueiga ga suki desu.
[ti om se s ki des ||]
108
353
EN
IPA
EN
I don't watch TV very often.
ROM
354
IPA

watashi wa amari terebi o mimase.
[ti mi teebi o mimse ||]
EN
I don't like to go to bars very often.
ROM
355
IPA
watashi wa amari b ni iku no ga suki dewa arimase.

[ti mi b ni ik no s ki de imse ||]
EN
She likes to ride her bicycle every day.
ROM
356
I never watch TV.

watashi wa terebi o mimase.
[ti teebi o mimse ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa mainichi jitesha ni noru no ga suki desu.
[knoo minii ite ni no no s ki des ||]
ENJA
357
109
EN
ROM
IPA
358
EN

karera wa ize kara zutto resutora ni itte taberu no ga suki
desu.
[ke ize k ztto es ton ni itte tbe no
s ki des ||]
I never like to travel by train.
IPA

kisha de ryok suru no wa suki dewa arimase.
[ki de oko s no s ki de imse ||]
EN
I get the news every day, but sometimes I don't read it.
ROM
359
They always like to eat in restaurants.
ROM
IPA

watashi no tokoro ni mainichi shibu ga todokimasu ga,
yomanai koto mo arimasu.
[ti no tokoo ni minii imb todokims |
jomni koto mo ims ||]
110
360
EN
ROM
IPA
361
EN
ROM
IPA
362
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
He has a car, but he doesn't use it very often.

kare wa kuruma o motte imasu ga, amari ute shimase.

[ke km o motte ims | mi nte imse
||]
His friends like the movies, but they usually watch movies at
home.

kare no tomodachi wa eiga ga suki desu ga, taitei wa uchi de
mimasu.
[ke no tomodi e s ki des | tite i de
mims ||]
She's married, but she doesn't wear a ring.

kanojo wa kekko o shite imasu ga, yubiwa o hamete imase.

[knoo kekko o i te ims | jbi o hmete
imse ||]
ENJA
363
111
EN
ROM
IPA
364
EN
ROM
IPA
365
EN
ROM
IPA
I don't know much about politics. I'm not interested in it.

watashi wa amari seiji ni tsuite kuwashiku nai desu shi, kymi
mo arimase.
[ti mi sei ni ite ki k ni des i |
komi mo imse ||]
This hotel isn't expensive. It doesn't cost much to stay there.

kono ryoka wa takakunai node, tomatte mo amari okane ga
kakarimase.
[kono ok tkkni node | tomtte mo mi okne
kkimse ||]
He lives near us, but we don't see him very often.

kare wa watashitachi no chikaku ni sude imasu ga, amari

mikakemase.
[ke ti ti no i kk ni snde ims | mi
mikkemse ||]
112
366
EN
IPA
EN
I don't like my job. It's very boring.
ROM
367
ROM
IPA
368
EN

watashi wa jibu no shigoto ga suki dewa arimase. tsumaranai
kara desu.
[ti ibn no ioto s ki de imse ||
mni k des ||]
Where is he? I'm sorry, I don't know.
IPA
kare wa doko ni imasu ka? sumimase, wakarimase.

[ke doko ni ims k || smimse | kimse ||]
EN
She's a very quiet person. She doesn't talk very much.
ROM
369
She speaks four (4) languages.

kanojo wa yottsu no gego ga hanasemasu.
[knoo jot no eo hnsems ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA
kanojo wa hot ni shizukana hito desu. amari shaberimase.

[knoo honto ni izkn i to des || mi beimse
||]
ENJA
370
113
EN
ROM
IPA
371
EN
It's not true. I don't believe it.
IPA
EN
That's a very beautiful picture. I like it a lot.
ROM
IPA

sono e wa totemo kirei desu. hot ni suki desu.
[sono e totemo kie des || honto ni s ki des ||]
EN
He's a vegetarian. He doesn't eat meat.
ROM
373

kare wa takusa kh o node ite, sore ga kare no ichiba sukina
nomimono desu.
[ke tk s kohi o nonde ite | soe ke no iib
s kin nomimono des ||]
sore wa jijitsu ja nai desu. zettai ni shijimase.

[soe ii ni des || zetti ni inimse ||]
372
He drinks a lot of coffee. It's his favorite drink.
ROM
IPA

kare wa bejitaria desu. niku wa tabemase.
[ke beitin des || nik tbemse ||]
114
374
EN
IPA

anata wa nichiybi shigoto o shimasu ka?
[nt niijobi ioto o ims k ||]
EN
Do your friends live near here?
ROM
375
IPA

anata no tomodachi wa chikaku ni sude imasu ka?
[nt no tomodi i kk ni snde ims k ||]
EN
Does Emily play tennis?
ROM
376
IPA

emir wa tenisu ga dekimasu ka?
[emii tenis dekims k ||]
EN
Where do your parents live?
ROM
377
IPA

anata no ryshi wa dokoni sude imasu ka?
[nt no oi dokoni snde ims k ||]
EN
How often do you wash your hair?
ROM
378
Do you work on Sunday?
ROM
IPA

anata wa yoku atama o araimasu ka?
[nt jok tm o ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
379
115
EN
IPA

kono ji wa diu imi desu ka?
[kono i doi imi des k ||]
EN
How much does it cost to fly to New York?
ROM
380
IPA

nyyku made hikki de ikura kakarimasu ka?
[njok mde i koki de ik kkims k ||]
EN
Do you always have breakfast?
ROM
381
IPA

anata wa itsumo asagoha o tabemasu ka?
[nt imo soh o tbems k ||]
EN
Does Wenjie ever call you?
ROM
382
IPA

weje wa anata ni dewa o kakemasu ka?
[ene nt ni de o kkems k ||]
EN
What do you usually do on weekends?
ROM
383
What does this word mean?
ROM
IPA

anata wa shmatsu ni itsumo nani o shite imasu ka?
[nt m ni imo nni o i te ims k ||]
116
384
EN
IPA
EN
Does he like music?
ROM
385
IPA

kare wa ogaku ga suki desu ka?
[ke ok s ki des k ||]
EN
Do your parents speak English?
ROM
386
IPA

anata no ryshi wa eigo ga hanasemasu ka?
[nt no oi eo hnsems k ||]
EN
Does your father work hard?
ROM
387
IPA

anata no otsa wa shigoto o gabatte imasu ka?
[nt no otos ioto o mbtte ims k ||]
EN
Does your sister live in Canada?
ROM
388
Do they like music?

karera wa ogaku ga suki desu ka?
[ke ok s ki des k ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

anata no imto wa kanada ni sude imasu ka?
[nt no imoto knd ni snde ims k ||]
ENJA
389
117
EN
ROM
IPA
390
EN
ROM
IPA
391
EN
ROM
IPA
I like chocolate. How about you? Do you like chocolate?

watashi wa chokorto ga suki desu. anata wa d? chokorto wa
suki desu ka?
[ti okoeto s ki des || nt do ||
okoeto s ki des k ||]
I play tennis. How about you? Do you play tennis?

watashi wa tenisu ga dekimasu. anata wa tenisu ga dekimasu ka?
[ti tenis dekims || nt tenis
dekims k ||]
You live near here. How about Fred? Does he live near here?

anata wa chikaku ni sudeimasu. ja fureddo wa? kare mo
chikaku ni sudeimasuka?
[nt i kk ni sndems || eddo || ke
mo i kk ni sndems k ||]
118
392
EN
ROM
IPA
393
EN
ROM
IPA
394
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Jisang plays tennis. How about his friends? Do they play tennis?

zsha wa tenisu o shimasu. kare no tomodachi wa? karera wa
tenisu o shimasuka?
[z tenis o ims || ke no tomodi || ke
tenis o ims k ||]
You speak English. How about your brother? Does he speak
English?

anata wa eigo ga dekimasu. anata no onsa wa? kare wa eigo ga
dekimasu ka?
[nt eo dekims || nt no onis || ke
eo dekims k ||]
I do yoga every morning. How about you? Do you do yoga
every morning?

watashi wa maiasa yoga o shimasu. anata wa? maiasa yoga o
shimasu ka?
[ti mis jo o ims || nt || mis jo o
ims k ||]
ENJA
395
119
EN
ROM
IPA
396
EN
ROM
IPA
397
EN
ROM
IPA
Yaqin often travels on business. How about Gary? Does he often

travel on business?

ychisa wa yoku shutch shimasu. grisa wa d desu ka?
kare wa yoku shutch shimasu ka?
[ji s jok to ims || eis do des
k || ke jok to ims k ||]
I want to be famous. How about you? Do you want to be
famous?

watashi wa ymei ni naritai desu. anata ha? ymei ni naritai desu
ka?
[ti jme ni niti des || nt h || jme ni
niti des k ||]
You work hard. How about Heuiyeon? Does she work hard?

anata wa hotni shigoto o gabatte imasu. chiesa wa?
kanojo wa gabatte shigoto o shite imasu ka?
[nt hontoni ioto o mbtte ims || iies
|| knoo mbtte ioto o i te ims k ||]
120
398
EN
IPA

anata no ryshi wa doko ni sude imasu ka?
[nt no oi doko ni snde ims k ||]
EN
Do you always get up early?
ROM
399
IPA

anata wa itsumo hayaoki shimasuka?
[nt imo hjoki ims k ||]
EN
How often do you watch TV?
ROM
400
IPA

anata wa yoku terebi o mimasu ka?
[nt jok teebi o mims k ||]
EN
What do you want for dinner?
ROM
401
IPA

bagoha wa nani ga tabetai desu ka?
[boh nni tbeti des k ||]
EN
Do you like football?
ROM
402
Where do your parents live?
ROM
IPA

anata wa sakk ga suki desu ka?
[nt skk s ki des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
403
121
EN
IPA

anata no otto wa sakk ga suki desuka?
[nt no ototo skk s ki des k ||]
EN
What do you do in your free time?
ROM
404
IPA

anata wa himana toki ni nani o shite imasu ka?
[nt imn toki ni nni o i te ims k ||]
EN
Where does your sister work?
ROM
405
IPA

anata no onsa wa doko de hataraite imasu ka?
[nt no ones doko de htite ims k ||]
EN
Do you ever go to the movies?
ROM
406
IPA

eiga o mini ikimasu ka?
[e o mini ikims k ||]
EN
What does this word mean?
ROM
407
Does your brother like football?
ROM
IPA

kono ji wa diu imi desuka?
[kono i doi imi des k ||]
122
408
EN
IPA
EN
What time do you usually go to bed?
ROM
409
IPA

anata wa itsumo naji ni nemasu ka?
[nt imo nni ni nems k ||]
EN
How much does it cost to call Mexico?
ROM
410
IPA

mekishiko ni dewa o kakeru noni ikura kakarimasu ka?
[meki i ko ni de o kke noni ik kkims k ||]
EN
What do you usually have for breakfast?
ROM
411
How often does it snow here?

koko wa yoku yuki ga furimasu ka?
[koko jok jki ims k ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

anata wa itsumo asagoha ni nani o tabemasu ka?
[nt imo sohn ni nni o tbems k ||]
ENJA
412
123
EN
ROM
IPA
413
EN
anata wa yoku terebi o mimasu ka? e, amari mimase.

[nt jok teebi o mims k || ie | mi mimse
||]
Do you live in a big city? No, I don't.
IPA
anata wa tokai ni sude imasu ka? e, sude imase.

[nt toki ni snde ims k || ie | snde imse ||]
EN
Do you ever ride a bicycle? Not usually.
ROM
414
Do you watch TV a lot? No, I don't.
ROM
IPA

anata wa yoku jitesha ni norimasu ka? e, amari norimase.
[nt jok ite ni noims k || ie | mi
noimse ||]
124
415
EN
ROM
IPA
416
EN

anata ga sude iru basho wa yoku ame ga furimasuka? e,
amari furimase.
[nt snde i bo jok me ims k ||
ie | mi imse ||]
Do you play the piano? No, I don't.
IPA
EN
Zhirong's watching television.
ROM
IPA

jrosa wa terebi o mite imasu.
[ios teebi o mite ims ||]
EN
He's not playing the guitar.
ROM
418
Does it rain a lot where you live? Not much.

anata wa piano ga hikemasuka? e, hikemase.
[nt pino i kems k || ie | i kemse ||]
417
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kare wa git o hte imase.
[ke it o hite imse ||]
ENJA
419
125
EN
IPA

demo jrosa wa git o motte imasu.
[demo ios it o motte ims ||]
EN
He plays guitar a lot, and he plays very well.
ROM
420
ROM
IPA
421
EN
kare wa yoku git o hikimasu. soshite jzu ni hikemasu.

[ke jok it o i kims || soi te oz ni i kems
||]
Zhirong plays the guitar.
IPA

jrosa wa git o hikimasu.
[ios it o i kims ||]
EN
But he's not playing the guitar now.
ROM
422
But Zhirong has a guitar.
ROM
IPA

demo kare wa ima git o hte imase.
[demo ke im it o hite imse ||]
126
423
EN
IPA
EN
Does he play the guitar? Yes, he does.
ROM
IPA

kare wa git o hikemasu ka? hai, hikemasu.
[ke it o i kems k || hi | i kems ||]
EN
Please be quiet. I'm working.
ROM
425
IPA

shizuka ni shite kudasai. shigoto o shite imasu kara.
[izk ni i te kdsi || ioto o i te ims k ||]
EN
Yiting's taking a shower at the moment.
ROM
426
Is Zhirong playing the guitar? No, he isn't.

jrosa wa git o hte imasu ka? e, hte imase.
[ios it o hite ims k || ie | hite imse ||]
424
ENJA
ROM
IPA

tisa wa ima ofuro ni haitte imasu.
[iti s im oo ni hitte ims ||]
ENJA
427
127
EN
IPA

kasa o motte ikinasai. ame ga futte imasu kara.
[ks o motte ikinsi || me tte ims k ||]
EN
You can turn off the TV. I'm not watching it.
ROM
428
IPA

terebi o keshitemo desuyo. mite imase kara.
[teebi o kei temo idesjo || mite imse k ||]
EN
Why are you under the table? What are you doing?
ROM
429
ROM
IPA
430
Take an umbrella with you. It's raining.
EN
ROM
IPA

dshite tsukue no shita ni iru no desuka? nani o shite iru no
desuka?
[doi te ke no i t ni i no des k || nni o i te i no
des k ||]
I work every day from nine (9:00) to five-thirty (5:30).

watashi wa mainichi kuji kara gojiha made shigoto o shite

imasu.
[ti minii ki k oihm mde ioto o i te
ims ||]
128
431
EN
IPA

hru wa maiasa ofuro ni hairimasu.
[ho mis oo ni hiims ||]
EN
It rains a lot in the winter.
ROM
432
IPA

fuyu wa yoku ame ga furimasu.
[j jok me ims ||]
EN
ROM
433
IPA

EN
What do you usually do on weekends?
ROM
434
IPA

anata wa fuda shmatsu ni nani o shimasuka?
[nt d m ni nni o ims k ||]
EN
Do you like her?
ROM
435
Howard takes a shower every morning.
ROM
IPA

kanojo no koto ga suki desuka?
[knoo no koto s ki des k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
436
129
EN
IPA

kanojo no koto o aishite imasuka?
[knoo no koto o ii te ims k ||]
EN
Do you want to know the answer?
ROM
437
IPA

kotae o shiritai desuka?
[kote o iiti des k ||]
EN
Do you understand me?
ROM
438
IPA

watashi no koto o rikai shite imasuka?
[ti no koto o iki i te ims k ||]
EN
Do you remember that day?
ROM
439
IPA

anata wa ano hi no koto o oboete imasuka?
[nt no i no koto o oboet e ims k ||]
EN
It depends on you.
ROM
440
Do you love her?
ROM
IPA

anata shidai desu.
[nt idi des ||]
130
441
EN
IPA

anata wa nani ga sukidesuka?
[nt nni s kides k ||]
EN
Do you hate me?
ROM
442
IPA

anata wa watashi no koto ga kirai desuka?
[nt ti no koto kii des k ||]
EN
What do you need?
ROM
443
IPA

anata wa nani ga hitsuy desuka?
[nt nni i jo des k ||]
EN
What do you mean?
ROM
444
IPA

diu imi desuka?
[doi imi des k ||]
EN
Do you believe me?
ROM
445
What do you prefer?
ROM
IPA

watashi no koto o shijite imasuka?
[ti no koto o inite ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
446
131
EN
IPA

watashi wa anata no koto o shijite imase.
[ti nt no koto o inite imse ||]
EN
Do you forget the answer?
ROM
447
IPA

kotae o wasurete shimatta no desuka?
[kote o sete imtt no des k ||]
EN
Does he take photographs?
ROM
448
IPA

kare wa fuda shashi o totte imasuka?
[ke d i o totte ims k ||]
EN
Is he taking a photograph?
ROM
449
IPA

kare wa shashi o totte imasuka?
[ke i o totte ims k ||]
EN
What's he doing now?
ROM
450
I don't believe you.
ROM
IPA

kare wa nani o shite imasuka?
132
451
EN
IPA

kanojo wa basu o ute shite imasuka?
[knoo bs o nte i te ims k ||]
EN
Does she drive a bus?
ROM
452
IPA

kanojo wa ima basu o ute shite imasuka?
[knoo im bs o nte i te ims k ||]
EN
What's she doing now?
ROM
453
IPA

kanojo wa nani o shite imasuka?
[knoo nni o i te ims k ||]
EN
Does he wash windows?
ROM
454
IPA

kare wa mado o aratte imasuka?
[ke mdo o tte ims k ||]
EN
Is he washing a window?
ROM
455
Is she driving a bus?
ROM
IPA

kare wa ima mado o aratte imasuka?
[ke im mdo o tte ims k ||]
ENJA
ENJA
456
133
EN
IPA

kare wa nani o shite imasuka?
EN
Are they teaching?
ROM
457
IPA

karera wa ima jugy o shite imasuka.
[ke im o o i te ims k ||]
EN
Do they teach?
ROM
458
IPA

karera wa jugy o shimasuka?
[ke o o ims k ||]
EN
What do they do?
ROM
459
IPA

karera wa dona shigoto o shite imasuka?
[ke donn ioto o i te ims k ||]
EN
Excuse me, do you speak English?
ROM
460
What's he doing now?
ROM
IPA

sumimase, eigo o hanasemasuka?
[smimse | eo o hnsems k ||]
134
461
EN
IPA
EN
What's so funny? Why are you laughing?
ROM
462
ROM
IPA
463
Where's Kelly? I don't know.

ker wa doko ni imasuka? wakarimase.
[kei doko ni ims k || kimse ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

nani ga sona ni omoshiroi no desuka? dshite waratte iru no
desuka?
[nni sonn ni omoioi no des k || doi te tte i no
des k ||]
What does your sister do? She's a dentist.

anata no onsa wa dona shigoto o shite imasuka? kanojo
wa haisha desu.
[nt no ones donn ioto o i te ims k ||
knoo hi des ||]
ENJA
464
135
EN
ROM
IPA
465
EN
Where do you come from?
IPA
EN
How much does it cost to send a package to Canada?
ROM
IPA

kozutsumi o kanada e okuru niha ikura kakarimasuka?
[kozmi o knd e ok nih ik kkims k ||]
EN
He's a good tennis player, but he doesn't play very often.
ROM
467

ame ga futte imasu. ima dekakete ame ni nuretakunai desu.
[me tte ims || im dekkete me ni netkni
des ||]

anata wa doko kara kimashitaka?
[nt doko k kimi tk ||]
466
It's raining. I don't want to go out in the rain.
ROM
IPA

kare wa tenisupureiy desu. demo kare wa amari tenisu o
shimase.
[ke i tenis pej des || demo ke mi tenis
o imse ||]
136
468
EN
IPA
EN
ROM
IPA

EN
Somebody's singing.
ROM
470
IPA

dareka ga uta o utatte imasu.
[dek t o ttte ims ||]
EN
Junko's tired. She wants to go home now.
ROM
471
Where's Jirou? He's taking a shower.

jir wa doko desuka? ofuro ni haitte imasu.
[io doko des k || oo ni hitte ims ||]
469
ENJA
ROM
IPA
juko wa m tsukarete imasu. ima sugu ieni kaeritagatteimasu.

[ko mo kete ims || im s ieni
keitttems ||]
ENJA
472
137
EN
IPA

anata wa yoku nysu o mimasuka?
[nt jok ns o mims k ||]
EN
Excuse me, but you're sitting in my seat. I'm sorry.
ROM
473
ROM
IPA
474
How often do you read the news?
EN
ROM
IPA

sumimase, anata wa watashi no seki ni suwatte imasu.
sumimase.
[smimse | nt ti no seki ni stte ims ||
smimse ||]
I'm sorry, I don't understand. Can you speak more slowly?

sumimase, wakarimase. msukoshi yukkuri hanashite

moraemasuka?
[smimse | kimse || mos koi jkki hni te
moems k ||]
138
475
EN
ROM
IPA
476
EN
ROM
IPA
477
EN
It's late. I'm going home now. Are you coming with me?

m osoi desu. ima kara kaerimasu. isshoni kaerimasuka?

[mo osoi des || im k keims || ioni keims k
||]
What time does your father finish work every day?

anata no otsa wa mainichi naji goro shigoto ga

owarimasuka?
[nt no otos minii nni oo ioto
oims k ||]
You can turn the music off. I'm not listening to it.
IPA

ogaku o keshitemo desuyo. kte imase kara.
[ok o kei temo idesjo || kite imse k ||]
EN
He's in the kitchen cooking something.
ROM
478
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kare wa daidokoro de ryri o tsukutte imasu.
[ke didokoo de oi o k tte ims ||]
ENJA
479
139
EN
ROM
IPA
480
EN
ROM
IPA
481
EN

jakku wa fuda amari kuruma de shigoto ni ikimase. kare wa
yoku aruite shigoto ni ikimasu.
[kk d mi km de ioto ni ikimse ||
ke jok ite ioto ni ikims ||]
Lucy doesn't like coffee. She prefers tea.

rush wa kh ga suki dewa arimase. kanojo wa ocha no hga
suki desu.
[i kohi s ki de imse || knoo o no
ho s ki des ||]
I have blue eyes. > I've got blue eyes.
IPA

watashi no me wa aoiro desu.
[ti no me oio des ||]
EN
Ganesh has two (2) sisters. > Ganesh's got two (2) sisters.
ROM
482
Jack doesn't usually drive to work. He usually walks.
ROM
IPA

ganisshusa wa kydai ga futari imasu.
[ni s kodi ti ims ||]
140
483
EN
ROM
IPA
484
EN
ROM
IPA
485
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Our car has four (4) doors. > Our car's got four (4) doors.

watashitachi no kuruma ni wa doa ga yottsu arimasu.
[ti ti no km ni do jot ims ||]
She isn't feeling well. She has a headache. > She's got a
headache.

kanojo wa guai ga warui desu. kanojo wa atama ga itai desu.
[knoo i i des || knoo tm iti
des ||]
They like animals. They have a horse, three (3) dogs, and six (6)
cats. They've got a lot of animals.

karera wa dbutsu ga suki desu. uma ga ippiki, inu ga sabiki,
soshite neko ga roppiki imasu. takusa dbutsu o katte imasu.
[ke dob s ki des || m ippi ki | in
smbiki | soi te neko oppi ki ims || tk sn dob o
ktte ims ||]
ENJA
486
141
EN
ROM
IPA
487
EN
ROM
IPA
488
EN

watashi wa jitesha wa motte imasu ga, kuruma wa motte
imase.
[ti ite motte ims | km motte
imse ||]
They don't have any children. > They haven't got any children.

karera wa kodomo ga imase.
[ke kodomo imse ||]
It's a nice house, but it doesn't have a garage. > It hasn't got a
garage.
IPA

kono ie wa desu ga, garji ga tsuite imase.
[kono ie i des | ei ite imse ||]
EN
Lila doesn't have a job. > Lila hasn't got a job.
ROM
489
I have a bike, but I don't have a car. > I've got a bike, but I
haven't got a car.
ROM
IPA

rirsa wa shigoto ga arimase.
[is ioto imse ||]
142
490
EN
IPA
EN
Does Nicole have a car? > Has Nicole got a car?
ROM
ROM
IPA
492
EN
ROM
IPA
493
Does your phone have a camera?

anata no keitaidewa ni wa kamera kin wa arimasuka?

[nt no ketide ni kme kino ims k ||]
491
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA

niksa wa kuruma o motte imasuka?
[nikos km o motte ims k ||]
What kind of car does she have? > What kind of car has she
got?

kanojo wa dona kuruma o motte imasuka?
[knoo donn km o motte ims k ||]
What do you have in your bag? > What have you got in your
bag?

anata no baggu no naka ni nani ga arimasuka?
[nt no b no nk ni nni ims k ||]
ENJA
494
143
EN
IPA

kamera wa arimasuka? e, arimase.
[kme ims k || ie | imse ||]
EN
Have you got a camera? No, I don't.
ROM
495
IPA

kamera o motte imasuka? e, motte imase.
[kme o motte ims k || ie | motte imse ||]
EN
Does she have a car? No, she doesn't.
ROM
496
ROM
IPA
497
Do you have a camera? No, I don't.
EN
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa kuruma o motte imasuka? e, motte imase.
[knoo km o motte ims k || ie | motte
imse ||]
Ask if he has a computer. Yes, he's got a computer.

kare ni kopyt o motte iru ka dka kte kudasai. hai, motte
iru s desu.
[ke ni kompt o motte i k dok kite kdsi || hi
| motte i so des ||]
144
498
EN
ROM
IPA
499
EN
ROM
IPA
500
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Ask if he has a dog. No, he hasn't got a dog.

kare ni inu o katte iru ka dka kte kudasai. e, katte inai s
desu.
[ke ni in o ktte i k dok kite kdsi || ie | ktte
ini so des ||]
Ask if he has a smart phone. No, he hasn't got a smart phone.

kare ni sumaho (sumtofo) o motte iru ka d ka kte kudasai.

e, motte inai s desu.
[ke ni smho (smtoo) o motte i k do k kite
kdsi || ie | motte ini so des ||]
Ask if he has a watch. Yes, he's got a watch.

kare ni udedokei ga aru ka dka kte kudasai. hai, aru s desu.
[ke ni dedoke k dok kite kdsi || hi |
so des ||]
39615TULIOBRASILEIRO213TULIO_BATHORYATHOTMAILCOMTULIOBRASILEIRORUAHERCULANOPINHEIRO33PAVUNARIODEJANEIRO20150415102250
ENJA
501
145
EN
ROM
IPA
502
EN
I don't have a computer.
IPA
EN
You don't have a dog.
ROM
IPA

anata wa inu o katte imase.
[nt in o ktte imse ||]
EN
She doesn't have a bike.
ROM
504

kare ni wa kydai ga iru ka dka kte kudasai. ani ga hitori to
imto ga futari irus desu.
[ke ni kodi i k dok kite kdsi || ni
i toi to imoto ti iso des ||]

watashi wa kopyt o motte imase.
[ti kompt o motte imse ||]
503
Ask if he has any brothers or sisters. Yes, he's got a brother

and two (2) sisters.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa jitesha o motte imase.
[knoo ite o motte imse ||]
146
505
EN
IPA

kare ni wa takusa kydai ga imasu.
[ke ni tk s kodi ims ||]
EN
They have two (2) children.
ROM
506
IPA

karera ni wa kodomo ga futari imasu.
[ke ni kodomo ti ims ||]
EN
She doesn't have a key.
ROM
507
IPA

kanojo wa kagi o motte imase.
[knoo ki o motte imse ||]
EN
He has a new job.
ROM
508
IPA

kare ni wa atarash shigoto ga arimasu.
[ke ni ti ioto ims ||]
EN
They don't have much money.
ROM
509
He has several brothers and sisters.
ROM
IPA

karera ni wa amari okane ga arimase.
[ke ni mi okne imse ||]
ENJA
ENJA
510
147
EN
IPA

kasa o motte imasu ka?
[ks o motte ims k ||]
EN
We have a lot of work to do.
ROM
511
IPA

watashitachi ni wa takusa yaru beki shigoto ga arimasu.
[ti ti ni tk s j beki ioto ims ||]
EN
I don't have your phone number.
ROM
512
IPA

anata no dewabag o shirimase.
[nt no debo o iimse ||]
EN
Does your father have a car?
ROM
513
IPA

anata no otsa wa kuruma o motte imasu ka?
[nt no otos km o motte ims k ||]
EN
How much money do you have with you?
ROM
514
Do you have an umbrella?
ROM
IPA

ima okane o ikura motte imasu ka?
[im okne o ik motte ims k ||]
148
515
EN
ROM
IPA
516
EN
ROM
IPA
517
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
She doesn't have a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle.

kanojo wa kuruma o motte imase. dekakeru toki wa itsumo
jitesha desu.
[knoo km o motte imse || dekke toki
imo ite des ||]
They like animals. They have three (3) dogs and two (2) cats.

karera wa dbutsu ga suki desu. inu o sabiki to neko o nihiki
katteimasu.
[ke dob s ki des || in o smbiki to neko o
nii ki kttems ||]
Fahim isn't happy. He's got a lot of problems.

fahimusa wa kibu ga warui desu. kare ni wa takusa nayami
ga arimasu.
[ims kib i des || ke ni tk sn
njmi ims ||]
ENJA
518
149
EN
ROM
IPA
519
EN

karera wa amari beky o shite imase. ho ga amari nai kara
desu.
[ke mi beko o i te imse || ho mi ni k
des ||]
What's wrong? I've got something in my eye.
IPA
dshimashita ka? me no naka ni nani ka ga hairimashita.

[doimi t k || me no nk ni nni k hiimi t ||]
EN
Where's my phone? I don't know. I don't have it.
ROM
520
They don't read much. They don't have many books.
ROM
IPA

watashi no keitaidewa wa doko desu ka? s, wakarimase.
totte imase yo.
[ti no ketide doko des k || s |
kimse || totte imse jo ||]
150
521
EN
ROM
IPA
522
EN
kanojo wa kosto ni ikitai desu ga, chiketto ga arimase.

[knoo kosto ni iki ti des | i ketto imse
||]
I'm not feeling well. I have a headache.
IPA
EN
It's a nice house but it doesn't have a big yard.
ROM
IPA

kono ie wa desu ga, k niwa ga arimase.
[kono ie i des | oki ni imse ||]
EN
Most cars have four (4) wheels.
ROM
524
She wants to go to the concert, but she doesn't have a ticket.

chotto guai ga warui desu. atama ga itai desu.
[otto i i des || tm iti des ||]
523
ENJA
ROM
IPA

hotodono kuruma ni wa taiya ga yottsu arimasu.
[hotondono km ni tij jot ims ||]
ENJA
525
151
EN
ROM
IPA
526
EN
I can't open the door. I don't have the key.
IPA
EN
An insect has six (6) legs.
ROM
IPA

koch ni wa ashi ga roppo arimasu.
[kon ni i oppo ims ||]
EN
Hurry, we don't have much time.
ROM
528

mina wa kare no koto ga suki desu. kare ni wa takusa
tomodachi ga imasu.
[minn ke no koto s ki des || ke ni tk sn
tomodi ims ||]
kagi o motte imase kara, watashi wa doa o akeraremase.

[ki o motte imse k | ti do o keemse ||]
527
Everybody likes him. He's got a lot of friends.
ROM
IPA

isoide kudasai, m amari jika ga arimase.
[isoide kdsi | mo mi ik imse ||]
152
529
EN
IPA

kare wa ima shigotoch desu.
[ke im ioto des ||]
EN
Last night he wasn't at work.
ROM
530
IPA

sakuba, kare wa shigoto o shite imase deshita.
[skb | ke ioto o i te imsen dei t ||]
EN
He was in bed.
ROM
531
IPA

kare wa m beddo de yoko ni natte imasu.
[ke mo beddo de joko ni ntte ims ||]
EN
He was asleep.
ROM
532
IPA

kare wa m nemashita.
[ke mo nemi t ||]
EN
He was in bed, asleep.
ROM
533
Now he's at work.
ROM
IPA

kare wa m yoko ni natte nete imasu.
[ke mo joko ni ntte nete ims ||]
ENJA
ENJA
534
153
EN
IPA

sakuba, watashi wa hot ni tsukaremashita.
[skb | ti honto ni kemi t ||]
EN
Where was Fatima yesterday?
ROM
535
IPA

fatimasa wa kin doko ni imashita ka?
[tims kino doko ni imi t k ||]
EN
The weather was nice last week.
ROM
536
IPA

sesh no teki wa totemo yokatta desu.
[se no teki totemo joktt des ||]
EN
You were late yesterday.
ROM
537
IPA

anata wa kin chikoku shimashita.
[nt kino i kok imi t ||]
EN
They weren't here last Sunday.
ROM
538
I was tired last night.
ROM
IPA
karera wa sesh no nichiybi, koko ni imase deshita.

[ke se no niijobi | koko ni imsen dei t ||]
154
539
EN
ROM
IPA
540
EN
When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs.
EN
We were hungry after the trip, but we weren't tired.
ROM
ROM
IPA
542

kyone rebekkasa wa nijnisai deshita kara, kotoshi wa
nijsasai desu.
[konen ebekks ninisi dei t k | kotoi
nis si des ||]
IPA
541
Last year Rebecca was twenty-two (22), so she is twenty-three

(23) now.

watashi wa chsai koro, inu ga kowakatta desu.
[ti isi koo | in koktt des ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

ryok ga owatta ato wa hara ga hette imashita kedo, tsukarete
imase deshita.
[oko ott to h hette imi t kedo |
kete imsen dei t ||]
The hotel was comfortable, but it wasn't expensive.

ryoka wa kaiteki de, shikamo takakunakatta desu.
[ok kiteki de | i kmo tkknktt des ||]
ENJA
543
155
EN
IPA
ryok ni itte ita toki, teki wa yokatta desu ka?

[oko ni itte it toki | teki joktt des k ||]
EN
Your shoes are nice. Were they expensive?
ROM
544
IPA

kutsu desu ne, takakatta desu ka?
[i k des ne | tkktt des k ||]
EN
Why were you late this morning?
ROM
545
IPA

dshite asa chikoku shimashita ka?
[doi te s i kok imi t k ||]
EN
Were you late? No, I wasn't.
ROM
546
Was the weather nice when you were on vacation?
ROM
IPA

chikoku shimashita ka? e, shite imase.
[i kok imi t k || ie | i te imse ||]
156
547
EN
ROM
IPA
548
EN
ROM
IPA
549
EN
ROM
IPA
550
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Was Paul at work yesterday? Yes, he was.

prusa wa kin shigoto ni ikimashita ka? hai, ikimashita yo.
[pos kino ioto ni ikimi t k || hi | ikimi t
jo ||]
Were they at the party? No, they weren't.

karera wa pt ni ikimashita ka? e, ikimase deshita yo.
[ke pti ni ikimi t k || ie | ikimsen dei t jo
||]
Today the weather's nice, but yesterday it was very cold.

ky no teki wa desu ga, kin wa totemo samukatta desu.
[ko no teki i des | kino totemo smktt
des ||]
I'm hungry. Can I have something to eat?

onaka sukimashita. nani ka tabetemo desu ka?
[onk s kimi t || nni k tbetemo i des k ||]
ENJA
551
157
EN
ROM
IPA
552
EN
ROM
IPA
553
EN

kesa no chshi wa mada desu ga, sakuya wa hot ni
tsukaremashita.
[kes no oi md i des | skj honto ni
kemi t ||]
Where were you at eleven a.m. (11:00) last Friday morning?

anata wa sesh no kiybi no asa jichiji doko ni imashita ka?
[nt se no kijobi no s iii doko ni imi t
k ||]
Don't buy those shoes. They're very expensive.
IPA

sono kutsu o kawanaide kudasai, sugoku takai desu.
[sono k o knide kdsi | sok tki des ||]
EN
I like your new jacket. Was it expensive?
ROM
554
I feel fine this morning, but I was very tired last night.
ROM
IPA

sono atarash jaketto desu ne. takakatta desu ka?
[sono ti ketto i des ne || tkktt des k ||]
158
555
EN
ROM
IPA
556
EN
ROM
IPA
557
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
This time last year I was in Paris.

watashi wa kyone no imagoro, pari ni imashita.
[ti konen no imoo | pi ni imi t ||]
Where are the children? I don't know, they were here a few
minutes ago.

kodomotachi wa doko desu ka? wakarimase, nafu ka mae
ni wa koko ni imashita kedo.
[kodomoti doko des k || kimse | n
k me ni koko ni imi t kedo ||]
We weren't happy with the hotel. Our room was very small, and
it wasn't clean.

watashitachi wa kono ryoka ni taishite amari mazoku dewa

arimase. heya ga chsakute, kitanakatta kara desu.
[ti ti kono okn ni tii te mi m zok de
imse || hej isk te | ki tnktt k des ||]
ENJA
558
159
EN
ROM
IPA
559
EN
ROM
IPA
Antonio wasn't at work last week because he was sick. He's

better now.

atoniosa wa sesh byki de shigoto ni ikemase deshita.
demo ima wa zuibu yokunarimashita.
[ntonios se boki de ioto ni ikemsen dei t ||
demo im zib joknimi t ||]
Yesterday was a holiday, so the banks were closed. They're open
today.

kin wa kyjitsu deshita kara, gik wa aite imase deshita.
demo ky wa akimasu.
[kino ki dei t k | iko ite imsen dei t
|| demo ko kims ||]
160
560
EN
ROM
IPA
561
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Were Anabel and Richard at the party? Anabel was there, but
Richard wasn't.

anaberusa to richdosa wa pt ni ikimashita ka?
anaberusa wa ikimashita ga richdosa wa ikimase deshita.
[nbesn to idos pti ni ikimi t k ||
nbes ikimi t idos ikimsen dei t
||]
Where are my keys? I don't know. They were on the table,
but they're not there now.

watashi no kagi wa doko desu ka? wakarimase. motomoto

tsukue ni arimashita ga, ima wa doko ni mo arimase.
[ti no ki doko des k || kimse ||
motomoto ke ni imi t | im doko ni mo
imse ||]
ENJA
562
161
EN
IPA

anata wa kin ie ni imase deshitane. doko ni imashita ka?
[nt kino ie ni imsen dei tne || doko ni imi t k ||]
EN
Why were you late this morning? The traffic was bad.
ROM
563
ROM
IPA
564
You weren't at home last night. Where were you?
EN
ROM
IPA

anata wa dshite asa chikoku shimashita ka? ktsjky ga
warukatta kara desu.
[nt doi te s i kok imi t k || kooko
ktt k des ||]
Was your exam difficult? No, it was easy.

shike wa muzukashikatta desu ka? e, kata deshita yo.
[i ke mzki ktt des k || ie | kntn dei t jo
||]
162
565
EN
ROM
IPA
566
EN
ROM
IPA
567
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Where were they last week? They were on vacation.

karera wa sesh doko ni ikimashita ka? ryok ni ikimashita.
[ke se doko ni ikimi t k || oko ni
ikimi t ||]
How much was your new camera? It was three hundred
dollars ($300). > It was two hundred euros (200).

anata no kamera wa ikura desu ka? nimananasee deshita
yo.
[nt no kme ik des k || nimnnnseen
dei t jo ||]
Why were you angry yesterday? Because you were late.

dshite kin okotte imashita ka? anata ga chikoku shita kara
desu.
[doi te kino okotte imi t k || nt i kok i t
k des ||]
ENJA
568
163
EN
ROM
IPA
569
EN
ROM
IPA
570
EN
ROM
IPA
Was the weather nice last week? Yes, it was beautiful.

sesh no teki wa yokatta desu ka? yokatta desu yo.
[se no teki joktt des k || joktt des jo ||]
I brush my teeth every morning. This morning I brushed my
teeth.

watashi wa maiasa ha o migakimasu. watashi wa kesa ha o

migakimashita.
[ti mis h o mikims || ti kes h o
mikimi t ||]
Terry worked in a bank from nineteen ninety-five (1995) to two
thousand one (2001).

ter wa sekyhyakukyjgone kara niseichine made gik
de hataraite imashita.
[tei sekk kone k niseiinem mde
iko de htite imi t ||]
164
571
EN
ROM
IPA
572
EN
We enjoyed the party last night.
EN
We danced a lot and talked to a lot of people.
ROM
ROM
IPA
574

kin no gozech wa zutto ame de, hirugoha no jika ni yatto
yamimashita.
[kino no ozen ztto me de | iohn no ikn ni
jtto jmimi t ||]
IPA
573
Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime.

sakuya no pt wa totemo tanoshikatta desu.
[skj no pti totemo tnoi ktt des ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
takusa odorimashita shi, takusa no hito to mo hanashimashita.

[tk s odoimi t i | tk sn no i to to mo hnimi t
||]
The party ended at midnight.

pt wa yonaka ni owarimashita.
[pti jonk ni oimi t ||]
ENJA
575
165
EN
ROM
IPA
576
EN
We did a lot of work yesterday.
IPA
EN
Sonia went to the movies three (3) times last week.
ROM
IPA
soniasa wa sesh eiga o sakai mo mimashita.

[sonis se e o ski mo mimi t ||]
EN
Enzo came into the room, took off his coat, and sat down.
ROM
578
fuda watashi wa hayaoki shimasu ga, ky wa kuji ni

okimashita.
[d ti hjoki ims | ko ki ni
okimi t ||]

watashitachi wa kin takusa no koto o shimashita.
[ti ti kino tk sn no koto o imi t ||]
577
I usually get up early, but this morning I got up at nine thirty

(9:30).
ROM
IPA
ezosa wa heya ni haitte, kto o nuide, suwarimashita.

[ezos hej ni hitte | koto o nide | simi t ||]
166
579
EN
ROM
IPA
580
EN
ROM
IPA
581
EN
It was hot in the room, so I opened the window.

heya wa atsui kara watashi wa mado o akemashita.
[hej i k ti mdo o kemi t ||]
The movie was very long. It started at seven-fifteen (7:15) and
finished at ten pm (10:00).

ano eiga wa hotni nagakatta desu. shichijijgofu kara
hajimatte, jji ni owarimashita.
[no e hontoni nktt des || i iio k
himtte | i ni oimi t ||]
When I was a child, I wanted to be a doctor.
IPA

watashi wa kodomo no koro, isha ni naritakatta desu.
[ti kodomo no koo | i ni nitktt des ||]
EN
The accident happened last Sunday afternoon.
ROM
582
ENJA
ROM
IPA
sesh nichiybi no gogo, kuruma no jiko ga okorimashita.

[se niijobi no oo | km no iko okoimi t
||]
ENJA
583
167
EN
ROM
IPA
584
EN
ROM
IPA
585
EN
ROM
IPA
It's a nice day today, but yesterday it rained all day.

kin wa ichinichich ame deshita kedo, ky wa teki ga totemo
desu ne.
[kino iinii me dei t kedo | ko teki totemo
i des ne ||]
We enjoyed our vacation last year. We stayed at a very nice
place.

kyone watashitachi no ryok wa tanoshikute, hoteru mo saik
deshita.
[kone ti ti no oko tnoi k te | hote mo siko
dei t ||]
Cecilia's grandfather died when he was ninety (90) years old.

shishiriasa no ojsa wa kyjnisai de nakunarimashita.

[i iisn no ois knisi de nknimi t ||]
168
586
EN
IPA
m kaikei shimashita yo. m watashi ga haraimashita.

[mo kike imi t jo || mo ti himi t ||]
EN
I visited her last week.
ROM
587
IPA

sesh kanojo no ie ni hmo shimashita.
[se knoo no ie ni homo imi t ||]
EN
I bought my tickets online.
ROM
588
IPA

watashi wa netto de chiketto o kaimashita.
[ti netto de i ketto o kimi t ||]
EN
I copied the schedule.
ROM
589
IPA

watashi wa sukejru o kop shimashita.
[ti s ke o kopi imi t ||]
EN
I put my bag on the table. (PAST TENSE)
ROM
590
I already paid the bill.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa baggu o tsukue ni okimashita.
[ti b o ke ni okimi t ||]
ENJA
ENJA
591
169
EN
IPA

watashi wa kin kare to dewa de hanashimashita.
[ti kino ke to de de hnimi t ||]
EN
Last Tuesday, Vanessa flew from Los Angeles to Mexico City.
ROM
592
ROM
IPA
593
I spoke with him yesterday on the phone.
EN
ROM
IPA

venessasa wa sesh no kaybi ni rosazerusu kara
mekishikoshi made tobimashita.
[venesss se no kjobi ni os zes k
meki i koi mde tobimi t ||]
She got up at six (6) in the morning and had a cup of coffee.

kanojo wa asa rokuji ni okite, kh o ippai nomimashita.

[knoo s oki ni oki te | kohi o ippi nomimi t
||]
170
594
EN
ROM
IPA
595
EN
ROM
IPA
596
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
At seven-fifteen she left home and drove to the airport.

kanojo wa asa nanajijgofu ni ie kara kuruma de kk ni
ikimashita.
[knoo s nnion ni ie k km de
kko ni ikimi t ||]
When she got there, she parked the car, walked to the terminal,
and checked in.

kanojo wa tchaku shite, kuruma o tomete kara, tminaru made

aruite, kaut de chiketto o uketorimashita.
[knoo tok i te | km o tomete k | tmin
mde ite | knt de i ketto o ketoimi t ||]
Then she had breakfast at an airport cafe and waited for her
flight.

sorekara kanojo wa kk no kissate de asagoha o tabenagara,
hikki o matte imashita.
[soek knoo kko no ki ssten de soh o
tben | i koki o mtte imi t ||]
ENJA
597
171
EN
ROM
IPA
598
EN
ROM
IPA
599
EN
ROM
IPA
The plane departed on time and arrived in Mexico City four (4)
hours later.

hikki wa jikadri ni shuppatsu shi, yojika go ni mekishikoshi
ni tchaku shimashita.
[i koki ikndoi ni pp i | joik o ni
meki i koi ni tok imi t ||]
Finally, she took a taxi from the airport to her hotel downtown.

saigo ni kanojo wa takush de kk kara dautau no hoteru ni
ikimashita.
[sio ni knoo tk i de kko k dntn no
hote ni ikimi t ||]
Steve always goes to work by car. > Yesterday he went to work
by car.

sutbusa wa itsumo kuruma de shigoto ni ikimasu. kin mo
kuruma de shigoto ni ikimashita.
[s tibs imo km de ioto ni ikims || kino
mo km de ioto ni ikimi t ||]
172
600
EN
ROM
IPA
601
EN
ROM
IPA
602
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Hannah often loses her keys. > She lost her keys last week.

hanasa wa yoku kagi o nakushimasu. kanojo wa sesh mo
kagi o nakushimashita.
[hnns jok ki o nk ims || knoo se
mo ki o nk imi t ||]
Zoe meets her friends every night. > She met them last night.

zoisa wa maiba tomodachi to aimasu. sakuya mo ai ni
ikimashita.
[zois mibn tomodi to ims || skj mo i ni
ikimi t ||]
I usually buy two (2) newspapers every day. > Yesterday I
bought two (2) newspapers.

watashi wa mainichi shibu o nibu kaimasu. kin mo nibu
kaimashita.
[ti minii imb o nib kims || kino mo nib
kimi t ||]
ENJA
603
173
EN
ROM
IPA
604
EN
ROM
IPA
605
EN
ROM
IPA
We often go to the movies on weekends. > Last Sunday we

went to the movies.

watashitachi wa shmatsu itsumo eiga o mi ni ikimasu.
watashitachi wa sesh no nichiybi mo eiga o mi ni ikimashita.
[ti ti m imo e o mi ni ikims ||
ti ti se no niijobi mo e o mi ni ikimi t
||]
I eat an orange every day. > Yesterday I ate an orange.

watashi wa mainichi oreji o tabemasu. kin mo oreji o
tabemashita.
[ti minii oeni o tbems || kino mo oeni o
tbemi t ||]
Tom always takes a shower in the morning. > This morning he
took a shower.

tomusa wa itsumo asa ofuro ni hairimasu. tomusa wa kesa
ofuro ni hairimashita.
[toms imo s oo ni hiims || toms
kes oo ni hiimi t ||]
174
606
EN
ROM
IPA
607
EN
EN
I didn't watch TV yesterday.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa kin terebi o mimase deshita.
[ti kino teebi o mimsen dei t ||]
EN
Does she go out often?
ROM
609

watashitachi no tomodachi wa yoku ai ni kimasu. karera wa
sesh no kiybi mo kimashita.
[ti ti no tomodi jok i ni kims || ke
se no kijobi mo kimi t ||]
IPA
608
Our friends often come to see us. > They came to see us last
Friday.

ROM
IPA
ENJA

kanojo wa yoku dekakemasu ka?
[knoo jok dekkems k ||]
ENJA
610
175
EN
IPA

kanojo wa sakuba dekakemashita ka?
[knoo skbn dekkemi t k ||]
EN
I played tennis yesterday, but I didn't win.
ROM
611
IPA
watashi wa kin tenisu o shimashita ga kachimase deshita.

[ti kino tenis o imi t kimsen dei t ||]
EN
Did you do your homework? No, I didn't have time.
ROM
612
ROM
IPA
613
Did she go out last night?
EN
ROM
IPA

anata wa shukudai o shimashita ka? e, jika ga arimase.
[nt kdi o imi t k || ie | ik imse
||]
We went to the movies, but we didn't enjoy the film.

isshoni eiga o mi ni ikimashita kedo, amari omoshiroku nakatta
desu.
[ioni e o mi ni ikimi t kedo | mi omoiok
nktt des ||]
176
614
EN
ROM
IPA
615
EN
Did you see Fabian yesterday? No, I didn't.

anata wa kin fabiasa o mikakemashita ka? e,
mikakemase deshita.
[nt kino bi s o mikkemi t k || ie |
mikkemsen dei t ||]
Did it rain on Sunday? Yes, it did.
IPA
nichiybi wa ame ga furimashita ka? hai, furimashita.

[niijobi me imi t k || hi | imi t ||]
EN
Did Eveline come to the party? No, she didn't.
ROM
616
ENJA
ROM
IPA

efurisa wa pt ni ikimashita ka? e, kanojo wa ikimase
deshita.
[ei s pti ni ikimi t k || ie | knoo
ikimsen dei t ||]
ENJA
617
177
EN
ROM
IPA
618
EN
ROM
IPA
619
EN
ROM
IPA
Did your parents have a good trip? Yes, they did.

ryshi no ryok wa tanoshikatta desu ka? tanoshikatta desu.
[oin no oko tnoi ktt des k || tnoi ktt
des ||]
I saw Evita, but I didn't see Fausto.

evittasa wa mimashita kedo, fausutosa wa mikakemase
deshita.
[evitts mimi t kedo | s tos mikkemsen
dei t ||]
They worked on Monday, but they didn't on Tuesday.

karera wa getsuybi shigoto ga arimashita ga, nichiybi wa
arimase.
[ke ejobi ioto imi t | niijobi
imse ||]
178
620
EN
ROM
IPA
621
EN
ROM
IPA
622
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
We went to the post office, but we didn't go to the bank.

watashitachi wa ybikyoku ni ikimashita ga, gik ni wa
ikimase deshita.
[ti ti jbikok ni ikimi t | iko ni
ikimsen dei t ||]
She had a pen, but she didn't have any paper.

kanojo wa ano toki pe ga arimashita kedo, kami wa arimase
deshita.
[knoo no toki pe imi t kedo | kmi
imsen dei t ||]
Gerhard did some work in the yard, but he didn't do any work in
the house.

guruharudosa wa niwa o seiri shimashita ga, ie wa seiri
shimase deshita.
[hdos ni o sei imi t | ie sei
imsen dei t ||]
ENJA
623
179
EN
ROM
IPA
624
EN
ROM
IPA
625
EN
ROM
IPA
I watched TV last night. How about you? Did you watch TV last
night?

watashi wa sakuba terebi o mimashita. anata wa? sakuba
terebi o mimashitaka?
[ti skbn teebi o mimi t || nt || skbn
teebi o mimi tk ||]
I enjoyed the party. How about you? Did you enjoy the party?

pt wa tanosh to omoimasu ga, anata wa? omoshiroi to
omoimasu ka?
[pti tnoi to omoims | nt || omoioi to
omoims k ||]
I had a nice vacation. How about you? Did you have a nice
vacation?

watashi no baksho wa tanoshikatta desu yo, anata wa?
tanoshikatta desu ka?
[ti no bkeo tnoi ktt des jo | nt ||
tnoi ktt des k ||]
180
626
EN
ROM
IPA
627
EN
ROM
IPA
628
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
I finished work early. How about you? Did you finish work
early?

shigoto o hayame ni owarasemashita. anata wa d desu ka?
hayame ni owarasemashita ka?
[ioto o hjme ni osemi t || nt do des k ||
hjme ni osemi t k ||]
I slept well last night. How about you? Did you sleep well last
night?

watashi wa kin yoku nemuremashita. anata wa d desu ka?
yoku nemuremashita ka?
[ti kino jok nememi t || nt do des k
|| jok nememi t k ||]
I watched TV.

watashi wa terebi o mimashita.
[ti teebi o mimi t ||]
ENJA
629
181
EN
IPA

watashi wa shichijimae ni okimashita.
[ti i iime ni okimi t ||]
EN
I took a shower.
ROM
630
IPA

watashi wa ofuro ni hairimashita.
[ti oo ni hiimi t ||]
EN
I bought a magazine.
ROM
631
IPA

watashi wa zasshi o issatsu kaimashita.
[ti zi o iss kimi t ||]
EN
I went to bed before ten-thirty.
ROM
632
IPA

watashi wa jjiha ni nemashita.
[ti ihn ni nemi t ||]
EN
We went to Hong Kong last month.
ROM
633
I got up before seven am (7:00).
ROM
IPA

watashitachi wa segetsu hoko ni ikimashita.
[ti ti see hokon ni ikimi t ||]
182
634
EN
IPA

anata wa doko ni sude imasu ka?
[nt doko ni snde ims k ||]
EN
We stayed with some friends.
ROM
635
IPA

watashitachi wa tomodachi to sude imasu.
[ti ti tomodi to snde ims ||]
EN
I was late for the meeting.
ROM
636
IPA

watashi wa kaigi ni okuremashita.
[ti kii ni okemi t ||]
EN
What time did you get there?
ROM
637
IPA

anata wa naji ni soko e tsukimashitaka?
[nt nni ni soko e kimi tk ||]
EN
I got there at nine-thirty.
ROM
638
Where did you stay?
ROM
IPA

watashi wa kujiha ni soko e tsukimashita.
[ti kihn ni soko e kimi t ||]
ENJA
ENJA
639
183
EN
IPA

watashi wa gogo tenisu o shimashita.
[ti oo tenis o imi t ||]
EN
Did you win?
ROM
640
IPA

kachimashita ka?
[kimi t k ||]
EN
No, I lost.
ROM
641
IPA
e, makemashita.
[ie | mkemi t ||]
EN
I had a nice vacation.
ROM
642
IPA

watashi no baksho wa tanoshikatta desu.
[ti no bkeo tnoi ktt des ||]
EN
Where did you go?
ROM
643
I played tennis this afternoon.
ROM
IPA

doko ni ikimashita ka?
[doko ni ikimi t k ||]
184
644
EN
IPA

watashi wa yamanobori ni ikimashita.
[ti jmnoboi ni ikimi t ||]
EN
We came home by taxi.
ROM
645
IPA

takush de kaerimash.
[tk i de keimo ||]
EN
How much did it cost?
ROM
646
IPA

ikura kakarimashita ka?
[ik kkimi t k ||]
EN
It cost forty dollars ($40). > It cost thirty euros (30)
ROM
647
IPA

yosee kakarimashita.
[josee kkimi t ||]
EN
I'm tired this morning.
ROM
648
I went to the mountains.
ROM
IPA

kesa wa tsukarete imashita.
[kes kete imi t ||]
ENJA
ENJA
649
185
EN
IPA

anata wa sakuba yoku nemuremashita ka?
[nt skb jok nememi t k ||]
EN
No, I didn't sleep very well.
ROM
650
IPA

e, yoku nemuremase deshita.
[ie | jok nememsen dei t ||]
EN
We went to the beach yesterday.
ROM
651
IPA

watashitachi wa kin umi ni ikimashita.
[ti ti kino mi ni ikimi t ||]
EN
Was the weather nice?
ROM
652
IPA

teki wa yokatta desu ka?
[teki joktt des k ||]
EN
Yes, the weather was great.
ROM
653
Did you sleep well last night?
ROM
IPA

hai, totemo yokatta desu.
[hi | totemo joktt des ||]
186
654
EN
IPA
EN
How did it break?
ROM
655
IPA

dshite waremashita ka?
[doi te emi t k ||]
EN
I don't know how it broke.
ROM
656
ROM
IPA
657
The window is broken.

mado ga waremashita.
[mdo emi t ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

dshite wareta ka wakarimase.
[doi te et k kimse ||]
We went to the movies, but the film wasn't very good. We didn't
enjoy it.

watashitachi wa eiga o mi ni ikimashita kedo, amari omoshiroku
nakatta desu. suki dewa arimase.
[ti ti e o mi ni ikimi t kedo | mi omoiok
nktt des || s ki de imse ||]
ENJA
658
187
EN
ROM
IPA
659
EN

jovanisa wa kin namai ka fuku o kaimashita. shatsu nimai
to zubo ga ippo desu.
[ovnnis kino nmmi k k o kimi t ||
nimi to zbo ippon des ||]
Did it rain yesterday? No, it was a nice day.
IPA
kin wa ame deshita ka? e, teki wa yokatta desu.

[kino me dei t k || ie | teki joktt des ||]
EN
We were tired, so we didn't stay long at the party.
ROM
660
Giovanni bought some new clothes yesterday: two (2) shirts and
a pair of pants.
ROM
IPA

watashitachi wa tsukarete imashita node, sona ni nagaku pt ni
imase deshita.
[ti ti kete imi t node | sonn ni nk pti
ni imsen dei t ||]
188
661
EN
IPA
EN
Did you call Ingrid this morning? No, I didn't have time.
ROM
662
ROM
IPA
663
It was very warm in the room, so I opened a window.

heya wa mushiatsui kara, mado o akemashita.
[hej mii k | mdo o kemi t ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

anata wa asa igurisa ni dewa o shimashita ka? e, jika ga
arimase deshita.
[nt s iisn ni de o imi t k || ie |
ik imsen dei t ||]
I cut my hand this morning. How did you do that?

watashi wa kesa te o kitte shimaimashita. dshite desuka?

[ti kes te o ki tte imimi t || doi te des k ||]
ENJA
664
189
EN
ROM
IPA
665
EN
It's six o'clock (6:00) now. Luka's at home watching TV.
IPA
EN
At four o'clock (4:00) he wasn't at home. He was at the gym.
ROM
ROM
IPA
667

anata wa kin dshite kaigi ni ikimase deshita ka? kaigi ga
aru nate shirimase deshita.
[nt kino doi te kii ni ikimsen dei t k || kii
nnte iimsen dei t ||]
ima rokuji desu. rukasa wa ie de terebi o mite imasu.

[im oki des || ks ie de teebi o mite ims ||]
666
Why weren't you at the meeting yesterday? I didn't know

about a meeting.
EN
ROM
IPA

yoji ni, kare wa ie ni imase deshita. torniguset ni imashita.
[joi ni | ke ie ni imsen dei t || toenisent ni
imi t ||]
He was swimming in the pool, not watching TV.

kare wa oyoide ite, terebi wa mite imase.
[ke ojoide ite | teebi mite imse ||]
190
668
EN
ROM
IPA
669
EN
ROM
IPA
670
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
What were you doing at eleven-thirty yesterday? Were you

working?

anata wa kin jichijihagoro nani o shite imashita ka? shigoto o
shite imashita ka?
[nt kino iiihoo nni o i te imi t k ||
ioto o i te imi t k ||]
What did he say? I don't know, I wasn't listening.

kare wa nani ka itte imashita ka? wakarimase, kte imase
deshita.
[ke nni k itte imi t k || kimse | kite
imsen dei t ||]
It was raining, so we didn't go out.

ano toki wa ame ga futte imashita kara, watashitachi wa
dekakemase deshita.
[no toki me tte imi t k | ti ti
dekkemsen dei t ||]
ENJA
671
191
EN
ROM
IPA
672
EN
ROM
IPA
673
EN
watashitachi wa niseichine niho ni sude imashita.

[ti ti niseiinen nihon ni snde imi t ||]
Today she's wearing a skirt, but yesterday she was wearing
pants.

kanojo wa ky sukto o haite imashita ga, kin wa zubo o haite
imashita.
[knoo ko s kto o hite imi t | kino zbo
o hite imi t ||]
I woke up early yesterday. It was a beautiful morning.
IPA
watashi wa kin hayaoki shimashita. kireina asa deshita.

[ti kino hjoki imi t || kien s dei t ||]
EN
The sun was shining, and the birds were singing.
ROM
674
In two-thousand-one we were living in Japan.
ROM
IPA

taiy ga kao o dashi, tori ga naite imasu.
[tijo ko o di | toi nite ims ||]
192
675
EN
ROM
IPA
676
EN
ROM
IPA
677
EN
sakuba no jjihagoro, watashi wa shigoto o shite imashita.

[skbn no ihoo | ti ioto o i te imi t
||]
It wasn't raining when we went out.

watashitachi ga dekaketa toki wa ame ga futte imase deshita.

[ti ti dekket toki me tte imsen dei t
||]
What were you doing at three [o'clock] (3:00)?
IPA
EN
Dmitry and Irina were at the supermarket buying food.
ROM
678
I was working at ten-thirty last night.

anata wa sajigoro, nani o shite imashita ka?
[nt snioo | nni o i te imi t k ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

dimidorsa to irinasa wa ano toki sp de kaimono o shite
imashita.
[dimidoisn to iinns no toki sp de kimono o
i te imi t ||]
ENJA
679
193
EN
IPA
satosa wa ano toki kuruma o ute shite imashita.

[sntos no toki km o nte i te imi t ||]
EN
Dennis was at the station waiting for a train.
ROM
680
IPA

denisusa wa eki de desha o matte imasu.
[denis s eki de de o mtte ims ||]
EN
The old couple were in the park taking a walk.
ROM
681
IPA
ano toshiyori no ffu wa ke de sapo shite imasu.

[no toijoi no koen de smpo i te ims ||]
EN
At eight forty-five (8:45) she was washing her car.
ROM
682
Santo was in his car driving.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa hachijiyojgofugoro, kuruma o aratte imashita.
[knoo hiijonooo | km o tte
imi t ||]
194
683
EN
IPA
EN
At eight o'clock (8:00) she was reading the news.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa hachijigoro, nysu o mite imashita.
[knoo hiioo | ns o mite imi t ||]
EN
At twelve-ten she was cooking lunch.
ROM
685
ROM
IPA
686
At ten forty-five (10:45) she was playing tennis.

kanojo wa jjiyojgofugoro, tenisu o shite imashita.
[knoo ijonooo | tenis o i te imi t ||]
684
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa jnijijuppugoro, hirugoha o tsukutte imashita.
[knoo niippoo | ioh o k tte
imi t ||]
At seven-fifteen (7:15) she was having breakfast.

kanojo wa nanajijgofugoro, asagoha o tabete imashita.
[knoo nniooo | soh o tbete
imi t ||]
ENJA
687
195
EN
IPA
kanojo wa kujihagoro, daidokoro o sji shite imashita.

[knoo kihoo | didokoo o soi i te imi t ||]
EN
Where were you living in nineteen ninety-nine (1999)?
ROM
688
ROM
IPA
689
EN

anata wa sekyhyakukyjkyne, doko ni sude imashita ka?
[nt sekk kkne | doko ni snde
imi t k ||]
What were you doing at two [o'clock] (2:00)?
IPA

anata wa nijigoro, nani o shite imashita ka?
[nt niioo | nni o i te imi t k ||]
EN
Was it raining when you got up?
ROM
690
At nine thirty (9:30) she was cleaning the kitchen.
ROM
IPA

anata ga okita toki wa ame ga futte imashita ka?
[nt oki t toki me tte imi t k ||]
196
691
EN
IPA
EN
Why was he wearing a suit yesterday?
ROM
IPA

kare wa dshite kin stsu o kite imashita ka?
[ke doi te kino s o ki te imi t k ||]
EN
He wasn't wearing a jacket.
ROM
693
IPA

kare wa kto o kite imase.
[ke koto o ki te imse ||]
EN
He was carrying a bag.
ROM
694
IPA

kare wa fukuro o hitotsu motte imasu.
[ke ko o i to motte ims ||]
EN
He wasn't going to the dentist.
ROM
695
Why was she driving so fast?

kanojo wa dshite anani kuruma o tobashite imashita ka?
[knoo doi te nnni km o tobi te imi t k ||]
692
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kare wa haisha ni ikimase deshita.
[ke hi ni ikimsen dei t ||]
ENJA
696
197
EN
IPA

kare wa aisukurmu o tabete imasu.
[ke is kim o tbete ims ||]
EN
He wasn't carrying an umbrella.
ROM
697
IPA

kare wa kasa o motte imase.
[ke ks o motte imse ||]
EN
He wasn't going home.
ROM
698
IPA

kare wa uchi ni kaerimase.
[ke i ni keimse ||]
EN
He was wearing a hat.
ROM
699
IPA

kare wa bshi o kabutte imashita.
[ke boi o kbtte imi t ||]
EN
He wasn't riding a bicycle.
ROM
700
He was eating ice cream.
ROM
IPA

kare wa jitesha ni notte imase deshita.
[ke ite ni notte imsen dei t ||]
198
701
EN
ROM
IPA
702
EN
He was reading a book.
EN
What did he do when the phone rang?
IPA

dewa ga natte ita toki ni, kare wa nani o shite imashita ka?
[de ntte it toki ni | ke nni o i te imi t k ||]
EN
He stopped reading and answered the phone.
ROM
704

dewa ga natte ita toki ni, hosesa wa nani o shite imashita ka?
[de ntte it toki ni | hoses nni o i te imi t
k ||]
IPA
ROM
703
What was Jose doing when the phone rang?

kare wa ho o yode imashita.
[ke ho o jonde imi t ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kare wa ho o yomu no o yamete, dewa ni demashita.
[ke ho o jom no o jmete | de ni demi t ||]
ENJA
705
199
EN
IPA

anata wa kin no asa nani o shimashita ka?
[nt kino no s nni o imi t k ||]
EN
What were you doing at ten thirty (10:30)?
ROM
706
IPA

anata wa jjihagoro nani o shite imashita ka?
[nt ihoo nni o i te imi t k ||]
EN
We played tennis from ten (10:00) to eleven thirty (11:30).
ROM
707
ROM
IPA
708
What did you do yesterday morning?
EN
ROM
IPA

watashitachi wa jji kara jichijiha made tenisu o shite
imashita.
[ti ti i k iiihm mde tenis o i te
imi t ||]
We were playing tennis.

watashitachi wa tenisu o shite imasu.
[ti ti tenis o i te ims ||]
200
709
EN
ROM
IPA
710
EN
ROM
IPA
711
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Did you watch the basketball game on TV last night?

anata wa sakuba terebihs no basuke no shiai o mimashita ka?
[nt skbn teebihoso no bs ke no ii o mimi t
k ||]
Were you watching TV when I called you?

watashi ga dewa o shita toki, anata wa terebi o mite imashita
ka?
[ti de o i t toki | nt teebi o mite imi t
k ||]
It didn't rain while we were on vacation.

watashitachi ga bakasu ni itte ita toki wa ame ga futte imase
deshita.
[ti ti bk s ni itte it toki me tte
imsen dei t ||]
ENJA
712
201
EN
ROM
IPA
713
EN
ROM
IPA
714
EN
ROM
IPA
It wasn't raining when I got up.

watashi ga okita toki wa ame ga futte imase deshita.
[ti oki t toki me tte imsen dei t ||]
I started work at nine (9:00) and finished at four thirty (4:30). So
at two thirty (2:30), I was in the middle of working.

watashi wa kuji kara shigoto o hajimete, yojiha ni
owarimashita. desu kara nijihagoro, watashi wa shigotoch
deshita.
[ti ki k ioto o himete | joihn ni
oimi t || des k niihoo | ti ioto
dei t ||]
It was raining when we went out.

watashitachi ga dekaketa toki wa ame ga futte imashita.
[ti ti dekket toki me tte imi t ||]
202
715
EN
ROM
IPA
716
EN
asa karera o mimashita yo. basutei de basu o matte imashita.

[s ke o mimi t jo || bs te de bs o mtte imi t
||]
She fell asleep while reading.
IPA
EN
Khalid broke his arm last week.
ROM
IPA
hariddosa wa sesh ude o kossetsu shite shimaimashita.

[hiddos se de o kosse i te imimi t ||]
EN
It happened when he was painting his room.
ROM
718
I saw them this morning. They were waiting at the bus stop.
kanojo wa ho o yode iru uchini nete shimaimashita.

[knoo ho o jonde i ini nete imimi t ||]
717
ENJA
ROM
IPA
kare ga heya de peki o nutte iru toki ni okorimashita.

[ke hej de peki o ntte i toki ni okoimi t ||]
ENJA
719
203
EN
IPA

hashigo kara ochimashita.
[hio k oimi t ||]
EN
The train arrived at the station, and she got off.
ROM
720
IPA
desha ga tchaku shita ato, kanojo wa orimashita.

[de tok i t to | knoo oimi t ||]
EN
Two friends of hers were waiting to meet her.
ROM
721
IPA

futari no tomodachi ga kanojo ni aitagatte imasu.
[ ti no tomodi knoo ni ittte ims ||]
EN
Yesterday she was walking down the street when she met Albert.
ROM
722
He fell off the ladder.
ROM
IPA

kin kanojo wa machi de aruite ita toki ni, arubdo ni aimashita.
[kino knoo mi de ite it toki ni | bdo ni
imi t ||]
204
723
EN
ROM
IPA
724
EN

kare wa isoide eki ni mukatta toki, fukuro o hitotsu motte
imashita.
[ke isoide eki ni mktt toki | ko o i to motte
imi t ||]
They stopped to talk for a few minutes.
IPA
EN
Was Lara busy when you went to see her?
ROM
ROM
IPA
726
He was going to the station to catch a train, and he was carrying

a bag.

karera wa tachidomatte sfuka hanashite imashita.
[ke tidomtte sk hni te imi t ||]
725
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA

rarasa ni ai ni itta toki, kanojo wa isogashikatta desu ka?
[sn ni i ni itt toki | knoo isoi ktt des k
||]
Yes, she was studying.

hai, kanojo wa beky shite imashita.
[hi | knoo beko i te imi t ||]
ENJA
727
205
EN
IPA

tegami wa kesa no naji ni todokimashita ka?
[temi kes no nni ni todokimi t k ||]
EN
It came while he was having breakfast.
ROM
728
ROM
IPA
729
EN
kare ga asagoha o tabete iru toki ni tegami ga todokimashita.

[ke soh o tbete i toki ni temi todokimi t
||]
Was Marta at work today?
IPA

marutasa wa ky shigoto ni ikimashita ka?
[mts ko ioto ni ikimi t k ||]
EN
No, she didn't go to work. She was sick.
ROM
730
What time did the mail arrive this morning?
ROM
IPA

e, itte imase. kanojo wa byki desu.
[ie | itte imse || knoo boki des ||]
206
731
EN
ROM
IPA
732
EN
I'm not sure, but I wasn't driving very fast.
EN
Did your team win the baseball game yesterday?
ROM
IPA

anatatachi no chmu wa kin kachimashita ka?
[ntti no im kino kimi t k ||]
EN
No, the weather was very bad, so we didn't play.
ROM
734

keisatsu ni tomerareta toki, anata wa doredake supdo o dashite
imashita ka?
[kes ni tomeet toki | nt doedke s pido o
di te imi t k ||]
IPA
733
How fast were you driving when the police stopped you?

hakkiri shimase ga, sona ni tobashite imase.
[hkkii imse | sonn ni tobi te imse ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA
e, teki ga warukatta node, shiai shimase deshita.

[ie | teki ktt node | ii imsen dei t ||]
ENJA
735
207
EN
ROM
IPA
736
EN
Did you see Clara last night?
IPA
EN
Yes, she was wearing a very nice jacket.
ROM
IPA
hai, kanojo wa sutekina jaketto o kite imashita.

[hi | knoo s tekin ketto o ki te imi t ||]
EN
What were you doing at two [o'clock] (2:00) this morning?
ROM
738

watashitachi wa yaky o shite imashita kedo, watashi ga utta
bru ga mado o watte shimaimashita.
[ti ti jk o i te imi t kedo | ti tt
bo mdo o tte imimi t ||]

anata wa sakuba kurrsa o mimashita ka?
[nt skb kes o mimi t k ||]
737
We were playing baseball when I hit the ball and broke a

window.
ROM
IPA

anata wa yonaka no nijigoro nani o shite imashita ka?
[nt jonk no niioo nni o i te imi t k ||]
208
739
EN
IPA
EN
I lost my key last night.
ROM
740
IPA

watashi wa sakuba kagi o nakushimashita.
[ti skb ki o nk imi t ||]
EN
How did you get into your apartment?
ROM
741
IPA

anata wa dyatte apto ni hairimashita ka?
[nt dojtte pto ni hiimi t k ||]
EN
I climbed in through a window.
ROM
742
IPA

watashi wa mado kara hairimashita.
[ti mdo k hiimi t ||]
EN
Bernard used to work in a factory.
ROM
743
I was asleep.

watashi wa ima nete imasu.
[ti im nete ims ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA
berundosa wa ize kj de hataraite imashita.

[bendos ize koo de htite imi t ||]
ENJA
744
209
EN
IPA

ima kare wa sp de hataraite imasu.
[im ke sp de htite ims ||]
EN
When I was a child, I used to like chocolate.
ROM
745
IPA

watashi wa chsai koro chokorto ga suki deshita.
[ti isi koo okoeto s ki dei t ||]
EN
I used to read a lot of books, but I don't read much these days.
ROM
746
ROM
IPA
747
Now he works in a supermarket.
EN
ROM
IPA

watashi wa mukashi takusa ho o yomimashita ga, ima wa
amari yode imase.
[ti mki tk s ho o jomimi t | im
mi jonde imse ||]
Emilia has short hair now, but it used to be very long.

ima emiriasa no kami wa mijikai desu kedo, mukashi wa
nagakatta desu.
[im emiisn no kmi miiki des kedo | mki
nktt des ||]
210
748
EN
ROM
IPA
749
EN
ROM
IPA
750
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
They used to live on the same street as us.

karera wa mukashi watashitachi to onaji tri ni sude imashita.

[ke mki ti ti to oni toi ni snde imi t
||]
We used to see them a lot, but we don't see them very often
these days.

mukashi wa yoku karera o mikakemashita ga, ima wa amari

mikakemase.
[mki jok ke o mikkemi t | im mi
mikkemse ||]
Nadya used to have a piano, but she sold it a few years ago.

nadiasa wa mukashi piano o motte imashita ga, sne mae ni
urimashita.
[ndis mki pino o motte imi t | snem me
ni imi t ||]
ENJA
751
211
EN
ROM
IPA
752
EN
Where did you use to live before you came here?
IPA
EN
He used to play baseball.
ROM
IPA

kare wa mukashi yaky o yatte imashita.
[ke mki jk o jtte imi t ||]
EN
He used to be a taxi driver.
ROM
754
watashi wa kodomo no koro kinoko ga suki dewa arimase

deshita.
[ti kodomo no koo kinoko s ki de imsen
dei t ||]

anata wa mukashi doko ni sude imashita ka?
[nt mki doko ni snde imi t k ||]
753
When I was a child, I didn't use to like mushrooms.
ROM
IPA

kare wa mukashi takushdoraib deshita.
[ke mki tk idoib dei t ||]
212
755
EN
IPA
EN
I used to wear glasses.
ROM
756
IPA

watashi wa mukashi megane o kakete imashita.
[ti mki mene o kkete imi t ||]
EN
This building used to be a hotel.
ROM
757
IPA

kono biru wa mukashi hoteru deshita.
[kono bi mki hote dei t ||]
EN
Do you play sports? No, I used to swim every day though.
ROM
758
They used to live in the country.

karera wa mukashi inaka ni sude imashita.
[ke mki ink ni snde imi t ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

anata wa ud shite imasu ka? ima wa shite imase ga
mukashi wa mainichi oyoide imashita.
[nt ndo i te ims k || im i te imse
mki minii ojoide imi t ||]
ENJA
759
213
EN
ROM
IPA
760
EN
ROM
IPA
761
EN
ROM
IPA
Do you go out much? No, I used to go out three (3) nights a

week though.

anata wa yoku asobi ni dekakemasu ka? amari nai desu ga

mukashi wa sh ni sakai wa asobi ni itte imashita.
[nt jok sobi ni dekkems k || mi ni des
mki ni ski sobi ni itte imi t ||]
Do you play any instruments? No, I used to play guitar
though.

anata wa dona gakki ga dekimasu ka? ima wa nani mo
dekimase ga mukashi wa git o hte imashita.
[nt donn kki dekims k || im nni mo
dekimse mki it o hite imi t ||]
Do you like to read? I don't have the time, but I used to read a
lot.

anata wa dokusho ga suki desu ka? ima wa jika ga arimase
ga, mukashi wa suki de takusa yomimashita.
[nt dok o s ki des k || im ik
imse | mki s ki de tk s jomimi t ||]
214
762
EN
ROM
IPA
763
EN
ROM
IPA
764
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Do you travel much? I'd like to. I used to travel several times
a year though.

anata wa yoku ryok ni ikimasu ka? ikitai desu. ize wa

maitoshi nakai mo ryok ni itte imashita.
[nt jok oko ni ikims k || iki ti des || ize
mitoi nki mo oko ni itte imi t ||]
I used to play tennis, but I stopped playing a few years ago.

mukashi wa yoku tenisu o shite imashita kedo, koko sne wa
shite imase.
[mki jok tenis o i te imi t kedo | koko sne
i te imse ||]
Do you play any sports? Yes, I play basketball.

anata wa basuke o shite imasu ka? hai, shite imasu yo.

[nt bs ke o i te ims k || hi | i te ims jo ||]
ENJA
765
215
EN
ROM
IPA
766
EN
ROM
IPA
767
EN
ROM
IPA
Do you have a car? No, I used to have one (1), but I sold it.

anata wa kuruma o motte imasu ka? nai desu, mukashi wa
arimashita kedo, urimashita.
[nt km o motte ims k || ni des | mki
imi t kedo | imi t ||]
Igor used to be a waiter. Now he's the manager of a hotel.

igrusa wa mukashi weit deshita. kare wa ima hoteru no
shihaini desu.
[ios mki et dei t || ke im hote no
i hinin des ||]
Do you go to work by car? Sometimes, but most days I go by
subway.

anata wa kuruma de shigoto ni ikimasu ka? tamani kuruma de
ikimasu ga, chikatetsu de iku hga i desu.
[nt km de ioto ni ikims k || tmni
km de ikims | i kte de ik ho oi des ||]
216
768
EN
ROM
IPA
769
EN
ROM
IPA
770
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
When I was a child, I never used to eat meat, but I eat it now.

watashi wa chsai koro zeze niku o tabemase deshita ga, ima
wa tabemasu.
[ti isi koo zezen nik o tbemsen dei t |
im tbems ||]
Angela loves to watch TV. She watches it every night.

ajerasa wa terebi o miru noga suki desu. kanojo wa maiba
mimasu.
[nes teebi o mi no s ki des || knoo
mibm mims ||]
We used to live near the airport, but we moved downtown a few
years ago.

watashitachi wa ize kk no chikaku ni sude imashita ga,

sne mae dautau ni hikkoshite kimashita.
[ti ti ize kko no i kk ni snde imi t |
snem me dntn ni i kkoi te kimi t ||]
ENJA
771
217
EN
ROM
IPA
772
EN

fuda watashi wa shichiji goro kara shigoto o hajimemasu node,
itsumo hayaoki shimasu.
[d ti i ii oo k ioto o himems
node | imo hjoki ims ||]
What games did you use to play when you were a child?
IPA

anata wa chsai koro dona gmu o shite asode imashita ka?
[nt isi koo donn em o i te sonde imi t k ||]
EN
Have you been to France? No, I haven't.
ROM
773
Normally I start work at seven am (7:00), so I get up very early.
ROM
IPA

anata wa furasu ni itta koto ga arimasu ka? e, itta koto
arimase.
[nt s ni itt koto ims k || ie | itt
koto imse ||]
218
774
EN
ROM
IPA
775
EN
ROM
IPA
776
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
We've been to Canada, but we haven't been to Alaska.

watashitachi wa kanada ni itta koto ga arimasu ga, arasuka ni wa
mada itta koto ga arimase.
[ti ti knd ni itt koto ims | s k
ni md itt koto imse ||]
Shakira's an interesting person. She's had many different jobs and
has lived in many places.

shakrasa wa omoshiroi hito desu. kanojo wa iroirona shigoto o
shitakoto ga atte, takusa no basho ni suda koto ga arimasu.
[kis omoioi i to des || knoo ioion
ioto o i tkoto tte | tk sn no bo ni snd koto
ims ||]
I've seen that man before, but I can't remember where.

watashi wa ano otokonohito o mita koto ga arimasu ga, doko de
mita ka wa oboete imase.
[ti no otokonoi to o mit koto ims | doko
de mit k oboet e imse ||]
ENJA
777
219
EN
ROM
IPA
778
EN
ROM
IPA
779
EN
ROM
IPA
How many times has Brazil won the World Cup?

burajiru wa wrudokappu de nakai ysh shita koto ga arimasu
ka?
[bi dokpp de nki jo i t koto
ims k ||]
Have you read this book? Yes, I've read it twice.

anata wa kono ho o yoda koto ga arimasu ka? hai, nikai
yomimashita yo.
[nt kono ho o jond koto ims k || hi |
niki jomimi t jo ||]
Has she ever been to Australia? Yes, once.

kanojo wa sutoraria ni itta koto ga arimasu ka? hai, ikkai
arimasu yo.
[knoo os toi ni itt koto ims k || hi |
ikki ims jo ||]
220
780
EN
ROM
IPA
781
EN
ROM
IPA
782
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Have you ever played golf? Yes, I play a lot.

anata wa gorufu o shita koto ga arimasu ka? hai, yoku
shimasu yo.
[nt o o i t koto ims k || hi | jok
ims jo ||]
My sister's never traveled by plane.

watashi no imto wa hikki de ryok ni itta koto ga arimase.
[ti no imoto i koki de oko ni itt koto imse
||]
I've never ridden a horse.

watashi wa uma ni notta koto ga nai desu.
[ti m ni nott koto ni des ||]
ENJA
783
221
EN
ROM
IPA
784
EN
ROM
IPA
785
EN
ROM
IPA
Who is that man? I don't know, I've never seen him before.

ano otokonohito wa dare desu ka? s, wakarimase, mita koto
arimase.
[no otokonoi to de des k || s | kimse |
mit koto imse ||]
Have you ever been to Montreal? No, never.

anata wa motoriru ni itta koto ga arimasu ka? itta koto
arimase yo.
[nt montoio ni itt koto ims k || itt
koto imse jo ||]
Have you ever played golf? No, never.

anata wa gorufu o shita koto ga arimasu ka? e, shita koto
arimase.
[nt o o i t koto ims k || ie | i t
koto imse ||]
222
786
EN
ROM
IPA
787
EN
ROM
IPA
788
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Have you ever been to South Korea? Yes, once.

anata wa kakoku ni itta koto ga arimasu ka? hai, ichido
arimasu.
[nt kkok ni itt koto ims k || hi | iido
ims ||]
Have you ever lost your passport? No, never.

anata wa pasupto o nakushita koto ga arimasu ka? e,

arimase.
[nt ps poto o nk i t koto ims k || ie |
imse ||]
Have you ever flown in a helicopter? No, never.

anata wa herikoput ni notta koto ga arimasu ka? e, notta
koto arimase.
[nt heikop t ni nott koto ims k || ie |
nott koto imse ||]
ENJA
789
223
EN
ROM
IPA
790
EN
ROM
IPA
791
EN
ROM
IPA
Have you ever won a race? Yes, a few times.

anata wa shiai ni katta koto ga arimasu ka? hai, nakai ka
katta koto arimasu.
[nt ii ni ktt koto ims k || hi | nki
k ktt koto ims ||]
Have you ever been to Peru? Yes, twice.

anata wa per ni itta koto arimasu ka? hai, nikai arimasu.
[nt pe ni itt koto ims k || hi | niki
ims ||]
Have you ever driven a bus? No, never.

anata wa basu o ute shita koto ga arimasu ka? e, arimase.

[nt bs o nte i t koto ims k || ie |
imse ||]
224
792
EN
ROM
IPA
793
EN

anata wa ashi o kossetsu saseta koto ga arimasu ka? hai,
ichido dake arimasu.
[nt i o kosse sset koto ims k || hi |
iido dke ims ||]
She's been to Spain twice.
IPA
EN
She's been to Japan once.
ROM
IPA
kanojo wa niho ni ichido dake itta koto ga arimasu.

[knoo nihon ni iido dke itt koto ims ||]
EN
She's won a race several times.
ROM
795
Have you ever broken your leg? Yes, once.

kanojo wa supei ni nikai itta koto ga arimasu.
[knoo s pen ni niki itt koto ims ||]
794
ENJA
ROM
IPA
kanojo wa nakai ka shiai ni katta koto ga arimasu.

[knoo nki k ii ni ktt koto ims ||]
ENJA
796
225
EN
IPA

kanojo wa herikoput ni notta koto ga arimase.
[knoo heikop t ni nott koto imse ||]
EN
I've been to New York once.
ROM
797
IPA
watashi wa nyyku ni ichido itta koto ga arimasu.

[ti njok ni iido itt koto ims ||]
EN
I've never played tennis.
ROM
798
IPA

watashi wa tenisu o shita koto ga arimase.
[ti tenis o i t koto imse ||]
EN
I've never driven a truck.
ROM
799
IPA

watashi wa torakku o ute shita koto ga arimase.
[ti tokk o nte i t koto imse ||]
EN
I've been late for school several times.
ROM
800
She's never flown in a helicopter.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa nakai mo gakk o chikoku shimashita.
[ti nki mo kko o i kok imi t ||]
226
801
EN
IPA
EN
She's written ten (10) books.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa ho o jussatsu kaita koto ga arimasu.
[knoo ho o ss kit koto ims ||]
EN
She's written a lot of interesting things.
ROM
803
IPA

kanojo wa takusa omoshiroi koto o kakimashita.
[knoo tk s omoioi koto o kkimi t ||]
EN
She's traveled all over the world.
ROM
804
IPA
kanojo wa sekaikakuchi o ryok shita koto ga arimasu.

[knoo sekikk i o oko i t koto ims ||]
EN
She's been married three (3) times.
ROM
805
She's had many different jobs.

kanojo wa iroiro na shigoto o shita koto ga arimasu.
[knoo ioio n ioto o i t koto ims ||]
802
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa kekko o sakai mo shimashita.
[knoo kekko o ski mo imi t ||]
ENJA
806
227
EN
IPA
kanojo wa takusa omoshiroi hito ni atta koto ga arimasu.

[knoo tk s omoioi i to ni tt koto ims ||]
EN
I've seen that woman before, but I can't remember her name.
ROM
807
ROM
IPA
808
She's met a lot of interesting people.
EN
ROM
IPA

watashi wa sono josei o mita koto ga arimasu ga, namae wa
oboete imase.
[ti sono ose o mit koto ims | nme
oboet e imse ||]
Have you ever played basketball? Just once.

anata wa basuke o shita koto ga arimasu ka? ikkai dake
arimasu.
[nt bs ke o i t koto ims k || ikki dke
ims ||]
228
809
EN
ROM
IPA
810
EN
ROM
IPA
811
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Have you ever written a poem? Yes, in high school.

anata wa shi o kaita koto ga arimasu ka? hai, kkjidai ni
arimasu.
[nt i o kit koto ims k || hi | kokoidi
ni ims ||]
Does she know Claude? No, she's never met him.

kanojo wa kuraudosa o shitte imasu ka? e, kanojo wa atta
koto nai desu.
[knoo kdos o i tte ims k || ie | knoo
tt koto ni des ||]
They have lots of books, and have read all of them.

karera wa ho o takusa motteite, shikamo subete yomimashita.

[ke ho o tk sm mottete | i kmo sbete
jomimi t ||]
ENJA
812
229
EN
ROM
IPA
813
EN
ROM
IPA
I've never been to New Zealand, but my brother's been there

twice.

watashi wa nyjrado ni itta koto wa arimase ga, ani wa nikai
itta koto ga arimasu.
[ti nindo ni itt koto imse | ni
niki itt koto ims ||]
Gunter's favorite movie is Star Wars. He's seen it twenty (20)
times, but I've never seen it.

gatasa no ichiba sukina eiga wa sutwzu desu. kare wa
nijukkai mo mimashita ga, watashi wa ikkai mo mita koto ga
arimase.
[ntsn no iib s kin e s toz des ||
ke nikki mo mimi t | ti ikki mo mit
koto imse ||]
230
814
EN
ROM
IPA
815
EN
ROM
IPA
816
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
I've traveled by plane, bus, and train. Someday, I want to take a

trip by boat.

watashi wa hikki, basu, kisha de ryok ni itta koto ga arimasu.
kodo wa fune de ryok shimasu.
[ti i koki | bs | ki de oko ni itt koto
ims || kondo ne de oko ims ||]
Caroline's on vacation in Brazil. She's there now.

kyarorisa ima burajiru de bakasuch desu. kanojo wa ima
soko ni imasu.
[koi s im bi de bk s des || knoo
im soko ni ims ||]
She arrived in Brazil on Monday. Today's Thursday.

kanojo wa getsuybi ni burajiru ni tsukimashita. ky wa
mokuybi desu.
[knoo ejobi ni bi ni kimi t || ko
mokjobi des ||]
ENJA
817
231
EN
IPA
kanojo wa burajiru ni donogurai taizai shite imasu ka?

[knoo bi ni donoi tizi i te ims k ||]
EN
She's been in Brazil since Monday.
ROM
818
IPA

kanojo wa m getsuybi kara burajiru ni imasu yo.
[knoo mo ejobi k bi ni ims jo ||]
EN
She's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
ROM
819
ROM
IPA
820
How long has she been in Brazil?
EN
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa burajiru ni mikkaka imasu.
[knoo bi ni mikkk ims ||]
Emil and Larisa are married. They've been married for five (5)
years.

emirusa to rarsasa wa kekko shimashita. karera wa kekko
shite gone ni narimasu.
[emisn to iss kekko imi t || ke
kekko i te onen ni nims ||]
232
821
EN
ROM
IPA
822
EN
ROM
IPA
823
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Are you married? How long have you been married?

anata wa kekko shimashita ka? kekko shite dono gurai ni
narimasu ka?
[nt kekko imi t k || kekko i te dono i ni
nims k ||]
Do you know her? How long have you known her?

anata wa kanojo no koto o shitte imasu ka? shiriatte dono gurai
ni narimasu ka?
[nt knoo no koto o i tte ims k || iitte dono
i ni nims k ||]
I know Charlotte. I've known her for a long time.

watashi wa shrottosa o shitte imasu yo. zuibu mae kara
shiriai desu.
[ti ottos o i tte ims jo || zibm me k
iii des ||]
ENJA
824
233
EN
ROM
IPA
825
EN
She's lived there all her life.
IPA
EN
I have a car. How long have you had your car?
ROM
ROM
IPA
827

krasa wa tky ni sude imasu. kanojo wa dono gurai tky ni
sude imasu ka?
[ks toko ni snde ims || knoo dono i
toko ni snde ims k ||]

kanojo wa zutto soko ni sude imasu yo.
[knoo ztto soko ni snde ims jo ||]
826
Karla lives in Tokyo. How long has she lived in Tokyo?
EN
ROM
IPA

watashi wa kuruma o motte imasu. anata wa itsu kara kuruma o
motte imasu ka?
[ti km o motte ims || nt i k
km o motte ims k ||]
I've had it since April.

m shigatsu kara motte imasu yo.
[mo i k motte ims jo ||]
234
828
EN
ROM
IPA
829
EN
I'm studying German. How long have you been studying

German?

watashi wa ima doitsugo o beky shite imasu. anata wa
doitsugo o dono gurai beky shite imasu ka?
[ti im doio o beko i te ims || nt
doio o dono i beko i te ims k ||]
I've been studying German for two (2) years.
IPA
watashi wa doitsugo o nineka beky shite imasu.

[ti doio o ninekm beko i te ims ||]
EN
Gerard's watching TV. How long has he been watching TV?
ROM
830
ENJA
ROM
IPA

gurdosa wa terebi o mite imasu. kare wa terebi o dono
gurai mimashita ka?
[dos teebi o mite ims || ke teebi o
dono i mimi t k ||]
ENJA
831
235
EN
IPA

kare wa goji kara terebi o mite imasu.
[ke oi k teebi o mite ims ||]
EN
It's raining. It's been raining all day.
ROM
832
ROM
IPA
833
He's been watching TV since five [o'clock] (5:00).
EN
ROM
IPA

ima ame ga futte imasu. ichinichij ame ga futte imasu.
[im me tte ims || iinii me tte ims
||]
Svetlana and Maksim are married. They've been married since
nineteen ninety-nine (1999).

suvetoranasa to makushimusa wa kekko shite imasu. karera
wa sekyhyakukyjkyne ni kekko shimashita.
[svetonsn to mk ims kekko i te ims ||
ke sekk kknen ni kekko imi t ||]
236
834
EN
ROM
IPA
835
EN
ROM
IPA
836
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Severo's sick. He's been sick for the last few days.

seberosa wa byki desu. m byki ni natte snichika ni
narimasu.
[sebeos boki des || mo boki ni ntte snii kn ni
nims ||]
We live on Main Street. We've lived there for a long time.

watashitachi wa meudri ni sude imasu. soko ni nagai aida
sude imasu.
[ti ti mendoi ni snde ims || soko ni ni
id snde ims ||]
Florentine works in a bank. She's worked in a bank for five (5)
years.

furoratisa wa gik de hataraite imasu.
[onti s iko de htite ims ||]
ENJA
837
237
EN
ROM
IPA
838
EN
ROM
IPA
839
EN
ROM
IPA
Hubert has a headache. He's had a headache since he got up this

morning.

shubettosa wa zuts desu. kare wa kesa okita toki ni m zuts
datta s desu.
[bettos z des || ke kes oki t toki ni
mo z dtt so des ||]
I'm studying English. I've studied English for six (6) months.

watashi wa ima eigo o beky shite imasu. eigo o bekyshi
hajimete hatoshi ni narimasu.
[ti im eo o beko i te ims || eo o bekoi
himete hntoi ni nims ||]
How long have they been in Brazil?

karera wa burajiru ni donogurai imashita ka?
[ke bi ni donoi imi t k ||]
238
840
EN
IPA
EN
How long has she studied Italian?
ROM
ROM
IPA
842
EN

kanojo wa itariago o manabi hajimete donogurai ni narimasu ka?
[knoo itio o mnbi himete donoi ni
nims k ||]
How long has he lived in Seattle?
IPA

kare wa shiatoru ni dore gurai sude imasu ka?
[ke ito ni doe i snde ims k ||]
EN
How long have you been a teacher?
ROM
843
How long have you known Olivia?

anata wa oribiasa to shiriatte donogurai ni narimasu ka?
[nt oibisn to iitte donoi ni nims k ||]
841
ENJA
ROM
IPA

anata wa sesei ni natte donogurai ni narimasu ka?
[nt sese ni ntte donoi ni nims k ||]
ENJA
844
239
EN
IPA

ame wa donogurai furitsuzuite imasu ka?
[me donoi izite ims k ||]
EN
They've been married for ten (10) years.
ROM
845
IPA

karera wa kekko shite jne ni narimasu.
[ke kekko i te nen ni nims ||]
EN
Leonardo's lived in Canada since April.
ROM
846
IPA

reonarudosa wa shigatsu kara kanada ni sude imasu.
[eondos i k knd ni snde ims ||]
EN
Giselle and I are friends. I know her very well.
ROM
847
How long has it been raining?
ROM
IPA

jizerusa to watashi wa tomodachi desu. kanojo no koto wa yoku
shitte imasu.
[izesn to ti tomodi des || knoo no koto
jok i tte ims ||]
240
848
EN
ROM
IPA
849
EN
ROM
IPA
850
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Luisa and I are friends. I've known her for a long time.

ruizasa to watashi wa tomodachi desu. kanojo to wa nagai
tsukiai desu.
[izsn to ti tomodi des || knoo to ni
kii des ||]
Sorry I'm late. How long have you been waiting?

sumimase, okuremashita. koko de donogurai machimashita ka?
[smimse | okemi t || koko de donoi mimi t
k ||]
Jean works in a hotel now. He likes his job a lot.

mada kono ryoka de hataraite imasu. kare wa kono shigoto ga
suki desu.
[md kono okn de htite ims || ke kono ioto
s ki des ||]
ENJA
851
241
EN
ROM
IPA
852
EN

isaberasa wa shibu o yode imasu. m nijika yode imasu.
[isbes imb o jonde ims || mo niik jonde
ims ||]
How long have you lived in this house?
IPA

anata wa kono ie ni donogurai sude imasu ka?
[nt kono ie ni donoi snde ims k ||]
EN
Is that a new coat? No, I've had this coat for a long time.
ROM
853
Isabelle's reading the newspaper. She's been reading it for two

(2) hours.
ROM
IPA

sore wa atarash kto desu ka? kono kto wa m furui desu.
[soe ti koto des k || kono koto mo i
des ||]
242
854
EN
ROM
IPA
855
EN
ROM
IPA
856
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Maalik's in Seattle right now. He's been there for the last three
(3) days.

marikkusa wa ima shiatoru ni imasu. watashi wa kono
mikkaka soko ni imasu.
[mikk s im ito ni ims || ti kono
mikkk soko ni ims ||]
Yasmin's in Brazil. She's been there for three (3) days.

asumisa wa burajiru ni imasu. kanojo wa m burajiru ni
mikkaka imasu.
[smi s bi ni ims || knoo mo
bi ni mikkk ims ||]
Today's Wednesday. She's been there since Monday.

ky wa suiybi desu. kanojo wa getsuybi kara soko ni imasu.
[ko sijobi des || knoo ejobi k soko ni
ims ||]
ENJA
857
243
EN
IPA

rushiosa wa kanada ni rokkagetsuka imasu.
[ios knd ni okke k ims ||]
EN
Lucien has been in Canada since January.
ROM
858
IPA

rushiosa wa ichigatsu kara kanada ni imasu.
[ios ii k knd ni ims ||]
EN
We've been waiting for two (2) hours.
ROM
859
IPA

watashitachi wa m nijika mo matte imasu.
[ti ti mo niikm mo mtte ims ||]
EN
We've been waiting since nine [o'clock] (9:00).
ROM
860
IPA

watashitachi wa m kuji kara matte imasu.
[ti ti mo ki k mtte ims ||]
EN
I've lived in Chicago for a long time.
ROM
861
Lucien has been in Canada for six (6) months.
ROM
IPA

watashi wa nagaiaida shikago ni sude imasu.
[ti niid i ko ni snde ims ||]
244
862
EN
IPA
EN
Jasmine started her new job three (3) weeks ago.
ROM
863
ROM
IPA
864
EN
ROM
IPA
865
I've lived in Chicago since I was ten (10) years old.

watashi wa jussai kara shikago ni sude imasu.
[ti ssi k i ko ni snde ims ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

jasumisa wa sashka mae kara atarash shigoto o
hajimemashita.
[smi s s km me k ti ioto o
himemi t ||]
When did Noboru leave? He left ten (10) minutes ago.

noborisa wa itsu hanaremashita ka? kare wa juppu mae ni
hanaremashita.
[nobois i hnemi t k || ke ppm
me ni hnemi t ||]
I had dinner an hour ago.

watashi wa ichijika mae ni bagoha o tabemashita.
[ti iiikm me ni boh o tbemi t ||]
ENJA
866
245
EN
IPA

hyakune mae no seikatsu wa mattaku chigaimashita.
[knem me no sek mttk iimi t ||]
EN
When did Michiko arrive in Brazil?
ROM
867
IPA

michikosa wa itsu burajiru ni tsukimashita ka?
[mii kos i bi ni kimi t k ||]
EN
She arrived in Brazil three (3) days ago.
ROM
868
IPA

kanojo wa mikka mae ni burajiru ni tsukimashita.
[knoo mikk me ni bi ni kimi t ||]
EN
How long has she been in Brazil?
ROM
869
IPA
kanojo wa burajiru ni tsuite donogurai ni narimasu ka?

[knoo bi ni ite donoi ni nims k ||]
EN
She's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
ROM
870
Life was very different a hundred (100) years ago.
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa burajiru ni tsuite mikkaka ni narimasu.
[knoo bi ni ite mikkkn ni nims ||]
246
871
EN
ROM
IPA
872
EN
ROM
IPA
873
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
My aunt has lived in Australia for fifteen (15) years.

obasa wa sutoraria ni jgone sude imasu.

[obs os toi ni one snde ims ||]
Lilianne's in her office. She's been there since seven [o'clock]
(7:00).

ririasa wa ofisu ni imasu. kanojo wa shichiji kara soko ni
imasu.
[ii s oi s ni ims || knoo i ii k soko
ni ims ||]
Mexico has been an independent country since eighteen
twenty-one (1821).

mekishiko wa sehappyakunijichine kara dokuritsu shita
kokka ni narimashita.
[meki i ko sehppkniiine k doki i t
kokk ni nimi t ||]
ENJA
874
247
EN
ROM
IPA
875
EN
ROM
IPA
876
EN
ROM
IPA
The bus is late. We've been waiting for twenty (20) minutes.

basu ga okuremashita. watashitachi wa m nijuppu mo matte
imasu.
[bs okemi t || ti ti mo nippm mo
mtte ims ||]
Nobody lives in those houses. They've been empty for many
years.

dare mo ano ie ni sude imase. m akiya ni natte kara sne
tachimasu.
[de mo no ie ni snde imse || mo kij ni ntte k
snen tims ||]
Michel's been sick for a long time. He's been in the hospital
since October of last year.

misherusa wa zutto byki desu. kare wa kyone no jgatsu kara
nyi shite imasu.
[mies ztto boki des || ke konen no
k ni i te ims ||]
248
877
EN
ROM
IPA
878
EN
ROM
IPA
879
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
When was the last time you ate? Three hours ago.

saigo ni tabeta no wa itsu desu ka? sajika mae desu.

[sio ni tbet no i des k || snikm me des
||]
When was the last time you were sick? Five months ago.

saiki byki ni natta no wa itsu desu ka? gokagetsu mae desu.
[sikim boki ni ntt no i des k || oke
me des ||]
When was the last time you went to the movies? Just last
week.

kono mae eiga o mi ni itta no wa itsu desu ka? sesh desu.
[kono me e o mi ni itt no i des k || se
des ||]
ENJA
880
249
EN
ROM
IPA
881
EN
ROM
IPA
882
EN
ROM
IPA
When was the last time you were in a car? Just this morning.

saigoni kuruma ni notta no wa itsu desu ka? ky no asa desu.
[sioni km ni nott no i des k || ko no s
des ||]
When was the last time you went on vacation? A year ago.

kono mae bakasu ni itta no wa itsu desuka? ichine mae
desu.
[kono me bk s ni itt no i des k || iinem
me des ||]
Mungeol and Weonhye have been married for twenty (20) years.

ujsa to wefsa wa kekko shite nijne ni narimasu.
[nesn to ees kekko i te ninen ni
nims ||]
250
883
EN
ROM
IPA
884
EN
Nicholas arrived an hour ago.
EN
I bought these shoes a few days ago.
IPA

watashi wa sjitsu mae ni kono kutsu o kaimashita.
[ti si me ni kono k o kimi t ||]
EN
Miriam's been studying English for six (6) months.
ROM
886

ujsa to wefsa wa nijne mae ni kekko shimashita.
[nesn to ees ninem me ni kekko
imi t ||]
IPA
ROM
885
Mungeol and Weonhye got married twenty (20) years ago.

nikorasusa wa ichijika mae ni tsukimashita.
[nikos s iiikm me ni kimi t ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

miriasa wa m rokkagetsu eigo o beky shite imasu.
[mii s mo okke eo o beko i te ims ||]
ENJA
887
251
EN
IPA

anata wa shtisa to shiriatte nagai desu ka?
[nt iti sn to iitte ni des k ||]
EN
Natalie's been in Brazil for three (3) days.
ROM
888
IPA
natarisa wa m burajiru ni mikkaka tomatte imasu.

[ntis mo bi ni mikkkn tomtte ims ||]
EN
Geonhong's been here since Tuesday.
ROM
889
IPA

jehosa wa kaybi kara koko ni imashita.
[ehos kjobi k koko ni imi t ||]
EN
It's been raining for an hour.
ROM
890
Have you known Heuijeong for a long time?
ROM
IPA

m ichijika ame ga futte imasu.
[mo iiik me tte ims ||]
252
891
EN
IPA
EN
Remy and Pauline have been married for six (6) months.
ROM
IPA

remsa to prisa wa kekko shite rokkagetsu desu.
[emisn to poi s kekko i te okke des ||]
EN
Hitomi has studied medicine at the university for three (3) years.
ROM
893
ROM
IPA
894
I've known Mengjuan since two thousand two (2002).

watashi wa nisenine ni mojesa to shiriaimashita.

[ti nisenninen ni monesn to iiimi t ||]
892
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA

hitomisa wa daigaku de igaku o saneka sek shimashita.
[i tomis dik de ik o snnek seko imi t
||]
Ichirou's played the piano since he was seven (7) years old.

ichirsa wa nanasai kara piano o hiki hajimemashita.

[iios nnsi k pino o i ki himemi t ||]
ENJA
895
253
EN
ROM
IPA
896
EN
ROM
IPA
897
EN
ROM
IPA
His car's dirty. He's washing his car. He's washed his car. It's
clean now.

kare no kuruma wa kitanai desu. ima aratte imasu. arai
owarimashita. ima wa m kirei desu.
[ke no km ki tni des || im tte ims || i
oimi t || im mo kie des ||]
They're at home. They're going out. They've gone out. They're
not at home now.

karera wa ie ni imasu. ima dekakeru tokoro desu. dekakemashita.
m ie ni imase.
[ke ie ni ims || im dekke tokoo des ||
dekkemi t || mo ie ni imse ||]
I've lost my passport. I can't find my passport now.

watashi no pasupto ga nakunarimashita. watashi no pasupto ga
mitsukarimase.
[ti no ps poto nknimi t || ti no
ps poto mi kimse ||]
254
898
EN
IPA
EN
We've bought a new car. We have a new car now.
ROM
ROM
IPA
900
Where's Renee? She's gone to bed. She's in bed now.

nensa wa doko desu ka? kanojo wa m nemashita.

[nenis doko des k || knoo mo nemi t ||]
899
ENJA
EN
ROM
IPA

watashitachi wa atarash kuruma o kaimashita. atarash kuruma o
ichidai motte imasu.
[ti ti ti km o kimi t || ti
km o iidi motte ims ||]
It's Rashmi's birthday tomorrow, and I haven't bought her a
present. > I don't have a present for her yet.

ashita wa rashumisa no tajbi de, mada kanojo no purezeto o
katte imase. mada kanojo ni watasu purezeto ga arimase.
[i t misn no tnobi de | md knoo no
pezento o ktte imse || md knoo ni ts
pezento imse ||]
ENJA
901
255
EN
ROM
IPA
902
EN
ROM
IPA
903
EN
ROM
IPA
Junhong is away on vacation. Where has he gone? Where is he

now?

juhosa wa bakasu ni ikimashita. kare wa doko ni ikimashita
ka? kare wa ima doko desu ka?
[ hos bk s ni ikimi t || ke doko ni
ikimi t k || ke im doko des k ||]
Have you met my brother, or should I introduce you?

m watashi no ani ni aimashita ka? soretomo watashi kara shkai
shimash ka.
[mo ti no ni ni imi t k || soetomo ti k
oki imo k ||]
I was a very slow typist in college, but I've gotten faster.

daigakujidai watashi wa ji o utsu no ga osokatta desu ga, ima wa
hayaku narimashita.
[dikidi ti i o no osoktt des |
im hjk nimi t ||]
256
904
EN
ROM
IPA
905
EN
anata no kagi wa doko desu ka? nakunarimashita.

nakushimashita.
[nt no ki doko des k || nknimi t ||
nk imi t ||]
Is Oliver here? No, he's gone home. He went home.
IPA
EN
We've bought a new car. We bought a new car.
ROM
IPA
watashitachi wa atarash kuruma o ichidai kaimashita.

[ti ti ti km o iidi kimi t ||]
EN
I lost my keys yesterday.
ROM
907
Where's your key? I've lost it. I lost it.
oribsa wa koko ni imasu ka? e, m kaerimashita.

[oibs koko ni ims k || ie | mo keimi t ||]
906
ENJA
ROM
IPA

watashi no kagi ga kin nakunarimashita.
[ti no ki kino nknimi t ||]
ENJA
908
257
EN
IPA

sesh watashi no kagi ga nakunarimashita.
[se ti no ki nknimi t ||]
EN
I've lost my keys five (5) times this month.
ROM
909
IPA

watashi wa kogetsu kagi o gokai mo nakushimashita.
[ti koe ki o oki mo nk imi t ||]
EN
We bought a new car yesterday.
ROM
910
IPA

watashitachi wa kin atarash kuruma o kaimashita.
[ti ti kino ti km o kimi t ||]
EN
We bought a new car last week.
ROM
911
I lost my keys last week.
ROM
IPA
watashitachi wa sesh atarash kuruma o kaimashita.

[ti ti se ti km o kimi t ||]
258
912
EN
ROM
IPA
913
EN
ROM
IPA
914
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
We've bought two (2) new cars in the last three (3) years.

watashitachi wa kono saneka atarash kuruma o nidai
kaimashita.
[ti ti kono snnek ti km o nidi
kimi t ||]
Serge isn't here. He went home. > He's already gone home.

serujusa wa koko ni imase yo. kare wa kaerimashita. kare wa
m kaerimashita.
[ses koko ni imse jo || ke keimi t ||
ke mo keimi t ||]
I don't need to call them. I wrote them an email. > I've already
written them an email.

karera ni dewa suru hitsuy wa arimase. mru de tsutaemasu.
m mru o okutte tsutaemashita.
[ke ni de s i jo imse || me de
tems || mo me o ok tte temi t ||]
ENJA
915
259
EN
ROM
IPA
916
EN
ROM
IPA
917
EN
ROM
IPA
Sabine's not coming to the party. She broke her arm. > She's
broken her arm.

sabinasa wa pt ni kimase yo. kanojo wa ude o kossetsu
shite shimaimashita.
[sbinns pti ni kimse jo || knoo de o
kosse i te imimi t ||]
My brother and his wife don't live here any more. They moved
to Seattle. > They've moved to Seattle.

watashi no ani to kare no okusa wa koko ni sude imase. m
shiatoru ni hikkoshimashita.
[ti no ni to ke no ok s koko ni snde imse ||
mo ito ni i kkoimi t ||]
I made a mistake. > I've made a mistake.

watashi no machigai desu. watashi wa ayamachi o hitotsu
okashite shimaimashita.
[ti no mii des || ti jmi o i to
oki te imimi t ||]
260
918
EN
ROM
IPA
919
EN
Did you see it anywhere? > Have you seen it anywhere?
EN
Did you hear? > Have you heard?
ROM
IPA

kta koto arimasu ka? kikimashita ka?
[kit koto ims k || ki kimi t k ||]
EN
Theo got married. > Theo's gotten married.
ROM
921

watashi wa saifu o nakushite shimaimashita. watashi no saifu ga
nakunarimashita.
[ti si o nk i te imimi t || ti no si
nknimi t ||]
IPA
920
I lost my wallet. > I've lost my wallet.

mimashita ka?
[mimi t k ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

teosa wa kekko shitte imasu. > teosa wa kekko shimashita.
[teos kekko i tte ims || teos kekko
imi t ||]
ENJA
922
261
EN
ROM
IPA
923
EN
ROM
IPA
924
EN
ROM
IPA
I've done the shopping. > I did the shopping.

kaimono ga sumimashita. > m tokkuni kaimono ga

sumimashita.
[kimono smimi t || mo tokkni kimono
smimi t ||]
Gustavo has taken my bike again without asking. > Gustavo
took my bike without asking.

gusutavosa wa mata watashi ni kikanaide katte ni jitesha o
karite ikimashita.
[s tvos mt ti ni ki knide ktte ni ite
o kite ikimi t ||]
Have you told your friends the good news? > Did you tell your
friends the good news?

tomodachi ni shirase o tsutaemashita ka? > shirase o
tomodachi ni tsutaemashita ka?
[tomodi ni i ise o temi t k || i ise o tomodi
ni temi t k ||]
262
925
EN
ROM
IPA
926
EN
ROM
IPA
927
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
We haven't paid the electric bill yet. > We didn't pay the electric
bill.

watashitachi wa mada netto shiharai o sumasete imase. >
watashitachi wa netto shiharai o shite imase.
[ti ti md netto i hi o smsete imse ||
ti ti netto i hi o i te imse ||]
Are Vincent and Valerie here? Yes, they just arrived.

visetosa to varersa wa koko ni imasu ka? hai, sakki
tsuita bakari desu.
[vi sentosn to veis koko ni ims k || hi |
skki it bki des ||]
Are you hungry? No, I just had dinner.

onaka suite imasu ka? e, sakki bagoha o tabeta bakari
desu.
[onk site ims k || ie | skki boh o tbet
bki des ||]
ENJA
928
263
EN
ROM
IPA
929
EN
ROM
IPA
930
EN
ROM
IPA
Is Niraj here? No, he just left.

nirajusa wa koko ni imasu ka? e, kare wa sakihodo
hanaremashita.
[nis koko ni ims k || ie | ke ski hodo
hnemi t ||]
What time are Nikolai and Victoria coming? They've already
arrived.

nikoraisa to bikutoriasa wa naji ni kimasu ka? m
tsukimashita yo.
[nikoisn to bik tois nni ni kims k || mo
kimi t jo ||]
It's only nine o'clock (9:00) and Ines has already gone to bed.

mada kuji desu ga, inesusa wa m beddo de yoko ni natte
imasu.
[md ki des | ines s mo beddo de joko ni
ntte ims ||]
264
931
EN
ROM
IPA
932
EN
ROM
IPA
933
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
This is Yvonne. Yes, we've already met.

kono kata wa ibnusa desu. hai, m atta koto ga arimasu.
[kono kt ibonsn des || hi | mo tt koto
ims ||]
Are Isidor and Sandra here? No, they haven't arrived yet.

ishidorusa to sadorasa wa koko ni imasu ka? e, karera wa
mada tsuite imase.
[iidosn to sndos koko ni ims k || ie |
ke md ite imse ||]
Does Yannick know that you're going away? No, I haven't
told him yet.

yanikkusa wa anata ga hanareru koto o shitte imasu ka?
shirimase, mada shirasete imase kara.
[jnikk s nt hne koto o i tte ims k ||
iimse | md isete imse k ||]
ENJA
934
265
EN
ROM
IPA
935
EN
ROM
IPA
936
EN
ROM
IPA
Dora has bought a new dress, but she hasn't worn it yet.

drasa wa atarash yfuku o ichimai kaimashita ga, mada kita
koto ga arimase.
[dos ti jo k o iimi kimi t | md
ki t koto imse ||]
Have Chandra and Indira arrived yet? No, not yet. We're still
waiting for them.

sedorasa to idirasa wa tsukimashita ka? e, mada karera
o matte imasu.
[sendosn to indis kimi t k || ie | md
ke o mtte ims ||]
Has Zinaida started her new job yet? No, she's starting next
week.

jinaidasa wa atarash shigoto o hajimemashita ka? mada
desu. raish kara desu.
[inids ti ioto o himemi t k || md
des || i k des ||]
266
937
EN
ROM
IPA
938
EN
ROM
IPA
939
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
This is my new dress. It's nice, have you worn it yet?

kore ga watashi no atarash yfuku desu. suteki desu ne, m
kite mimashita ka?
[koe ti no ti jo k des || s teki des ne
| mo ki te mimi t k ||]
What time is Stan arriving? He's already arrived.

sutasa wa naji ni tsukimasu ka? kare wa m tsuite imasu.
[s t s nni ni kims k || ke mo
ite ims ||]
Do your friends want to see the movie? No, they've already
seen it.

anata no tomodachi wa eiga o mitai desu ka? e, m karera wa
mimashita kara.
[nt no tomodi e o miti des k || ie | mo
ke mimi t k ||]
ENJA
940
267
EN
ROM
IPA
941
EN
ROM
IPA
942
EN
ROM
IPA
Don't forget to call Vadim. I've already called him.

vadimusa ni dewa suru no o wasurenaide kudasai. m
kakemashita yo.
[vdimsn ni de s no o senide kdsi ||
mo kkemi t jo ||]
When is Hideki going to work? He's already gone to work.

hidekisa wa itsu goro shigoto ni ikimasu ka. kare wa m
ikimashita yo.
[ideki s i oo ioto ni ikims k || ke mo
ikimi t jo ||]
When does Hanako start her new job? She's already started it.

hanakosa wa itsu kara atarash shigoto o hajimemasu ka? m
hajimete imasu yo.
[hnkos i k ti ioto o himems k ||
mo himete ims jo ||]
268
943
EN
IPA
EN
Have you told your father about the accident yet?
ROM
944
ROM
IPA
945
Has Tamara started her new job yet?

tamarasa wa m atarash shigoto o hajimemashita ka?

[tms mo ti ioto o himemi t k ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
anata wa chichi ni ano kurumajiko no koto o hanashimashita ka?

[nt i i ni no kmiko no koto o hnimi t k
||]
I've just eaten a big dinner, so I'm not hungry.

sakki gseina bagoha o tabeta bakari nanode, onaka hette
imase.
[skki osen boh o tbet bki nnode | onk hette
imse ||]
ENJA
946
269
EN
ROM
IPA
947
EN

moshe wa m shukudai o owarasemashita node, terebi o
mitemo desu.
[moe mo kdi o osemi t node | teebi o
mitemo i des ||]
You can't go to bed. You haven't brushed your teeth yet.
IPA
mada hamigaki o shite imase kara, nete wa ikemase.

[md hmiki o i te imse k | nete ikemse ||]
EN
You can't talk to Vladimir because he's just gone home.
ROM
948
Mengxuan can watch TV because she's already done her

homework.
ROM
IPA

vuradimru wa ie ni tsuita bakari nanode, mada kare to wa
hanasemase.
[vdimi ie ni it bki nnode | md ke to
hnsemse ||]
270
949
EN
ROM
IPA
950
EN
ROM
IPA
951
EN

ramo nasa wa tashita bakari nanode, mada shigoto ni
ikemase.
[mons ti i t bki nnode | md ioto ni
ikemse ||]
Have you given the post office our new address yet?

ybikyoku ni watashitachi no atarash jsho o shirasemashita
ka?
[jbikok ni ti ti no ti o o isemi t k
||]
The postman hasn't come yet.
IPA
EN
I've just spoken to your sister.
ROM
952
Ramona's just gotten out of the hospital, so she can't go to work.

ybiyasa wa mada kite imase.
[jbijs md ki te imse ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

sakki anata no imtosa to hanashita bakari desu.
[skki nt no imotosn to hni t bki des ||]
ENJA
953
271
EN
ROM
IPA
954
EN
ROM
IPA
955
EN
ROM
IPA
Has Jianwen bought a new computer yet?

jeusa atarash kopyt o kaimashita ka?

[e s ti kompt o kimi t k ||]
Geonho and Ayeong haven't told anyone they're getting married
yet.

jehasa to yrisa wa mada kekko suru koto o mina ni
shirasete imase.
[ehsn to ji s md kekko s koto o
minn ni isete imse ||]
We've already done our packing for our trip.

watashitachi wa m ryok no nimotsu no jubi ga owarimashita.

[ti ti mo oko no nimo no mbi
oimi t ||]
272
956
EN
ROM
IPA
957
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
I've just swum a mile and I feel great.

watashi wa sakki ichimairu o oyoide, totemo kimochi yokatta
desu.
[ti skki iimi o ojoide | totemo kimoi joktt
des ||]
Your friend has a new job. Ask her if she has started her new job
yet.

anata no tomodachi wa atarash shigoto ga arimasu. kanojo ni

atarash shigoto o hajimeta ka d ka kte kudasai.
[nt no tomodi ti ioto ims || knoo ni
ti ioto o himet k do k kite kdsi ||]
ENJA
958
273
EN
ROM
IPA
959
EN
ROM
IPA
Your friend has some new neighbors. Ask him if he has met his
new neighbors.

anata no tomodachi no chikaku ni atarash otonarisa ga
hikkoshite kimashita. kare ni otonarisa ni atta ka d ka kte
kudasai.
[nt no tomodi no i kk ni ti otonis
i kkoi te kimi t || ke ni otonisn ni tt k do k kite
kdsi ||]
Your friend has to pay her phone bill. Ask her if she has paid her
phone bill yet.

anata no tomodachi wa dewadai o harawanakereba ikemase.

kanojo ni haratta ka d ka kte kudasai.
[nt no tomodi dedi o hnkeeb ikemse
|| knoo ni htt k do k kite kdsi ||]
274
960
EN
ROM
IPA
961
EN
I saw Malika yesterday.
EN
Where were you on Sunday afternoon?
ROM
IPA

anata wa nichiybi no gogo doko ni imashita ka?
[nt niijobi no oo doko ni imi t k ||]
EN
We didn't take a vacation last year.
ROM
963

bikutorusa wa kare no kuruma o uru tsumori deshita. kare ni
kuruma o utta ka d ka kte kudasai.
[bik tos ke no km o moi dei t ||
ke ni km o tt k do k kite kdsi ||]
IPA
962
Victor was trying to sell his car. Ask him if he has sold his car
yet.

watashi wa kin marikasa o mimashita.
[ti kino miks o mimi t ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA
watashitachi wa kyone baksho ni ikimase deshita.

[ti ti konem bkeon ni ikimsen dei t ||]
ENJA
964
275
EN
ROM
IPA
965
EN
ROM
IPA
966
EN

anata wa kin nani ka shimashita ka? e, zutto uchi ni
imashita.
[nt kino nni k imi t k || ie | ztto i ni
imi t ||]
Shakespeare was a writer and wrote many plays and poems.

sheikusupia wa sakka de, takusa no kyakuho to shi o
kakimashita.
[ek s pi skk de | tk sn no kk hon to i o
kkimi t ||]
When did you buy your computer?
IPA

anata wa itsu kopyt o kaimashita ka?
[nt i kompt o kimi t k ||]
EN
What time did Jamaal go out?
ROM
967
What did you do last night? I stayed at home.
ROM
IPA

jamrusa wa itsu dekakemashita ka?
[ms i dekkemi t k ||]
276
968
EN
IPA
EN
Did you have lunch today?
ROM
969
IPA

anata wa ky hirugoha o tabemashita ka?
[nt ko ioh o tbemi t k ||]
EN
The email didn't arrive at all.
ROM
970
IPA

mattaku mru ga todoite imase yo.
[mttk me todoite imse jo ||]
EN
Have you ever been to Spain? Did you go to Spain last year?
ROM
971
Kenji went home.

kejisa wa m kaerimashita yo.
[kenis mo keimi t jo ||]
ROM
IPA
ENJA

anata wa supei ni itta koto ga arimasu ka? anata wa kyone
supei ni ikimashita ka?
[nt s pen ni itt koto ims k || nt
kone s pen ni ikimi t k ||]
ENJA
972
277
EN
ROM
IPA
973
EN
ROM
IPA
974
EN
ROM
IPA
My friend has written many books. Shakespeare wrote many

plays and poems.

watashi no tomodachi wa takusa no ho o kakimashita.

sheikusupia wa takusa kyakuho to shi o kakimashita.
[ti no tomodi tk sn no ho o kkimi t ||
ek s pi tk s kk hon to i o kkimi t ||]
The email hasn't arrived yet. > The email didn't arrive today.

mru ga todoite imase. ky wa mru ga todoite imase.
[me todoite imse || ko me todoite imse ||]
We've lived in Paris for six (6) years. > We lived in Paris for
six (6) years, but now we live in Rome.

m pari ni sude rokune ni narimasu. watashitachi wa pari ni
rokune sude imashita ga, ima wa rma ni sude imasu.
[mo pi ni snde oknen ni nims || ti ti pi
ni okne snde imi t | im om ni snde ims
||]
278
975
EN
IPA
EN
I started my new job last week.
ROM
IPA
watashi wa sesh kara atarash shigoto o hajimemashita.

[ti se k ti ioto o himemi t ||]
EN
My friends arrived on Friday.
ROM
977
IPA

watashi no tomodachi wa kiybi ni tsukimashita.
[ti no tomodi kijobi ni kimi t ||]
EN
Keiko went out at five [o'clock] (5:00).
ROM
978
IPA

keiko wa goji ni dekakemashita.
[keko oi ni dekkemi t ||]
EN
I wore my new suit yesterday.
ROM
979
I had lunch an hour ago.

watashi wa ichijika mae ni hirugoha o tabemashita.
[ti iiikm me ni ioh o tbemi t ||]
976
ENJA
ROM
IPA

watashi wa kin atarash stsu o kimashita.
[ti kino ti s o kimi t ||]
ENJA
980
279
EN
ROM
IPA
981
EN
ROM
IPA
982
EN
ROM
IPA
Have you seen Veda? > Did you see Veda yesterday?

ve da sa o mikakemashita ka? anata wa kin ve da
sa o mikakemashita ka?
[veds o mikkemi t k || nt kino
veds o mikkemi t k ||]
I've finished my work. > I finished my work at two [o'clock]
(2:00).

m jibu no shigoto o owarasemashita. m niji ni shigoto o
owarasemashita.
[mo ibn no ioto o osemi t || mo nii ni ioto o
osemi t ||]
Have you finished? > What time did you finish your work?

m owarimashita ka? naji ni shigoto ga owarimashita ka?

[mo oimi t k || nni ni ioto oimi t k ||]
280
983
EN
ROM
IPA
984
EN
ROM
IPA
985
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA
Liting isn't here; she's gone out.

rtisa wa koko ni imase yo. dekakemashita.
[iti s koko ni imse jo || dekkemi t ||]
Sanjit's grandmother has died. > Sanjit's grandmother died two
(2) years ago.

sajiddosa no sobo wa takai shimashita. sajiddosa no sobo
wa nine mae ni takai shimashita.
[sniddosn no sobo tki imi t || sniddosn no
sobo ninem me ni tki imi t ||]
Where have you been? > Where were you last night?

anata wa doko ni ikimashita ka? sakuya doko ni imashita ka?

[nt doko ni ikimi t k || skj doko ni imi t k ||]
ENJA
986
281
EN
ROM
IPA
987
EN
I played tennis yesterday afternoon.
IPA
EN
What time did you go to bed last night?
ROM
IPA

anata wa sakuya naji ni nemashita ka?
[nt skj nni ni nemi t k ||]
EN
Have you ever met a famous person?
ROM
989

watashi no tomodachi wa sakka de, takusa no shsetsu o
kakimashita.
[ti no tomodi skk de | tk sn no ose o
kkimi t ||]

watashi wa kin no gogo tenisu o shimashita.
[ti kino no oo tenis o imi t ||]
988
My friend is a writer, and has written many books.
ROM
IPA

anata wa ymeiji ni atta koto ga arimasu ka?
[nt jmein ni tt koto ims k ||]
282
990
EN
IPA
EN
Mira travels a lot. She's visited many countries.
ROM
991
ROM
IPA
992
EN
ROM
IPA
993
The weather wasn't very good yesterday.

kin no teki wa amari yoku nakatta desu.
[kino no teki mi jok nktt des ||]
EN
ROM
IPA
ENJA

mirsa wa yoku ryok shimasu. kanojo wa irona kuni ni itta
koto ga arimasu.
[mis jok oko ims || knoo ionn kni ni
itt koto ims ||]
I turned off the light before leaving this morning.

watashi wa kesa dekakeru mae ni deki o keshimashita.
[ti kes dekke me ni deki o keimi t ||]
I live in New York now, but I've lived in Mexico for many
years.

watashi wa ima nyyku ni sude imasu ga, mukashi wa
mekishiko ni nane mo sude imashita.
[ti im njok ni snde ims | mki
meki i ko ni nnnem mo snde imi t ||]
ENJA
994
283
EN
ROM
IPA
995
EN
Have you ever been to Florida?
IPA
EN
We went there on vacation two (2) years ago.
ROM
IPA
watashitachi wa nine mae soko e bakasu ni ikimashita.

[ti ti ninem me soko e bk s ni ikimi t ||]
EN
Did you have a good time?
ROM
997

taiwa wa dona tokoro desu ka? kirei desu ka?
wakarimase, itta koto arimase.
[ti donn tokoo des k || kie des k ||
kimse | itt koto imse ||]

anata wa furorida ni itta koto ga arimasu ka?
[nt oid ni itt koto ims k ||]
996
What's Taiwan like? Is it beautiful? I don't know. I've never

been there.
ROM
IPA

tanoshikatta desu ka?
[tnoi ktt des k ||]
284
998
EN
IPA
EN
What does your girlfriend do?
ROM
999
IPA

anata no kanojo wa dona shigoto o shite imasu ka?
[nt no knoo donn ioto o i te ims k ||]
EN
She's a painter. She's won many prizes for her paintings.
ROM
1000
We had a great time. It was wonderful.

tanoshikatta desu yo. saik deshita.
[tnoi ktt des jo || siko dei t ||]
ENJA
ROM
IPA

kanojo wa gaka desu yo. kanojo no sakuhi wa takusa sh o
totta koto ga arimasu.
[knoo k des jo || knoo no sk i tk s
o o tott koto ims ||]
ENJA
285
Japanese IIndex
ndex
ai 601, 606, 725
[i]

aida 835
[id]

aimashita 722, 902
[imi t]

aimash 224
[imo]

aimasu 601
[ims ]

aishite 436
[ii te]

aisukurmu 259, 260, 696
[is kim]
aitagatte 721
[ittte]

aite 113, 559
[ite]

ajerasa 769
[nes ]
aka 67
[k]

akemashita 579, 661
[kemi t]

akeraremase 526
[keemse]

akimasu 294, 559

[kims ]

akiya 875
[kij]

akushoeiga 351
[k oe]

amada 46
[mnd]
amari 34, 74, 280, 323, 325, 326, 327, 331,

334, 337, ..., +27
[mi]
ame 165, 194, 202, 225, 251, 265, 325, 415,

427, 432, ..., +14
[me]

amerika 38
[meik]
amerikaji 97
[meikin]

anaberusa 560
[nbesn]
anaberusa 560
[nbes ]
anani 691
[nnni]
anata 16, 18, 19, 21, 25, 27, 29, 45, 47, 51,
..., +179
[nt]
286
anatatachi 733
[ntti ]

ane 109
[ne]

ani 6, 501, 812, 902, 916
[ni]

ano 76, 108, 439, 580, 621, 670, 678, 679,
681, 776, ..., +3
[no]
anohito 5
[noi to]

ao 28
[o]

aoi 94
[oi]

aoiro 481
[oio]

apto 741
[pto]
arai 895
[i]

araimase 298
[imse]

araimasu 378
[ims ]

arasuka 774
[s k]
aratte 190, 454, 455, 682, 895

[tte]
ENJA

arau 333
[]

arimase 2, 37, 38, 44, 216, 319, 328, 330,
347, 351, ..., +32
[imse]
arimase 14, 761, 812

[imse]
arimase 330, 784

[imse]
arimase 621, 662, 751

[imsen]
arimashita 561, 619, 621, 765

[imi t]
arimasu 29, 30, 92, 93, 115, 116, 122, 215,

359, 483, ..., +42
[ims ]
arimasuka 490, 493, 494

[ims k]
aru 500, 664

[]
arubdo 722
[bdo]
aruite 280, 479, 595, 722

[ite]

asa 294, 317, 545, 552, 563, 593, 594, 605,
662, 673, ..., +3
[s]

asagoha 173, 337, 381, 596, 686, 728
[soh ]

ENJA
asagoha 411
[sohn]

ashi 176, 527, 792
[i ]

ashita 224, 900
[i t]

asobi 759
[sobi]

asode 166, 772
[sonde]

asumisa 855
[smi s ]
atama 378, 484, 522

[tm]

atarash 131, 180, 508, 554, 853, 863, 899,
906, 910, 911, ..., +12
[ti]

atatakakute 15
[ttkk te]

ato 541, 720
[to]

atode 167
[tode]

atoniosa 558
[ntonios ]
atsui 31, 579

[i]

atsukunai 32
[ kni]

287
atta 806, 810, 931, 958, 989
[tt]

atte 775
[tte]
ayamachi 917
[jmi ]

b 355
[b]
bbara 148, 158

[bb]
baggu 3, 4, 102, 493, 590

[b]
bagoha 161, 167, 182, 310, 401, 865,

927, 945
[boh ]

bakari 926, 927, 945, 948, 949, 952
[bki]
bakasu 178, 711, 881, 901, 996

[bk s ]
bakasuch 815
[bk s ]

baksho 625, 642
[bkeo]
baksho 963
[bkeon]
basho 415, 775

[bo]

basu 170, 231, 244, 315, 316, 451, 452, 715,
791, 814, ..., +1
[bs ]
288
basuke 709, 764, 808

[bs ke]
basutei 121, 715

[bs te]

beddo 11, 313, 531, 930
[beddo]
bejitaria 373
[beitin]
beki 511
[beki ]
beky 195, 518, 726, 828, 829, 838, 886

[beko]

bekyshi 838
[bekoi ]

berundosa 743
[bendos ]
bikutoriasa 929
[bik tois ]
bikutorusa 960
[bik tos ]
biru 757
[bi]
bokushigu 347
[bok i]
bru 735
[bo]
bshi 188, 699

[boi ]

ENJA
buraia 134
[bin]
burajiru 36, 777, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819,

839, 855, 867, ..., +4
[bi]
byki 558, 730, 834, 876, 878

[boki ]

chato 239
[nto]
chichi 130, 944

[i i ]

chigaimashita 866
[iimi t]

chigaimasu 91
[iims ]

chiesa 397
[iies ]
chikaku 116, 365, 375, 391, 770, 958

[i kk ]

chikatetsu 767
[i kte ]

chiketto 521, 588, 595
[i ketto]
chikoku 16, 53, 98, 99, 118, 332, 537, 545,

546, 563, ..., +2
[i kok ]

chiky 273
[i k]

chmu 733
[im]
ENJA
chsai 540, 745, 768, 772

[isi]

chsakute 557
[isk te]

chokorto 306, 389, 745
[okoeto]
chshi 551
[oi ]

chotto 522
[otto]
chgokuji 86
[okin]

chshibu 180
[imb]

daidokoro 478, 687
[didokoo]

daigaku 893
[dik ]

daigakujidai 903
[dikidi]

daijbu 201
[diob]

daitoshi 267
[ditoi ]

daiyamodo 37
[dijmondo]
dake 792, 794, 808

[dke]
289
dare 76, 108, 129, 177, 211, 783, 875
[de]

dareka 470
[dek]

dasei 129
[d se]

dashi 674
[di ]

dashite 731
[di te]

datta 837
[dtt]
dautau 598, 770

[dntn]
de 11, 126, 166, 177, 266, 301, 302, 304,

313, 315, ..., +46
[de]
deaemasu 297
[deems ]

deha 329
[deh]
deividdosa 342
[deviddos ]
dekakemase 670
[dekkemsen]

dekakemashita 56, 58, 610, 896, 967, 978,
983
[dekkemi t]

dekakemasu 609
[dekkems ]
290

dekakemasu 759
[dekkems ]
dekakeru 515, 896, 992

[dekke]

dekaketa 676, 714
[dekket]

dekakete 464
[dekkete]

deki 992
[deki ]

dekimase 760
[dekimse]
dekimasu 376, 390, 393, 760

[dekims ]
demashita 704
[demi t]

demo 419, 422, 467, 558, 559
[demo]
denisusa 680
[denis s ]
desha 680, 720

[de]

deshita 530, 538, 539, 541, 548, 558, 559,
560, 564, 566, ..., +35
[dei t]
deshitane 562
[dei tne]
desu 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, ...,

+265
ENJA
[des ]
desuka 63, 156, 213, 403, 407, 429, 435,

437, 442, 443, ..., +6
[des k]
dete 197, 217, 218

[dete]

dewa 2, 14, 319, 328, 330, 347, 351, 355,
358, 367, ..., +4
[de]
dewa 160, 167, 382, 410, 591, 662, 701,

703, 704, 710, ..., +2
[de]

dewabag 75, 340, 512
[debo]

dewadai 959
[dedi]

dimidorsa 678
[dimidoisn]
d 200, 389, 395, 499, 626, 627, 957, 958,

959, 960
[do]
doa 483, 526

[do]
dbutsu 485, 516

[dob ]

doitsugo 828, 829
[doio]

diu 379, 407, 444
[doi]
dka 497, 498, 500, 501

[dok]
ENJA
291
doko 21, 63, 64, 78, 92, 100, 114, 121, 145,
166, ..., +27
[doko]
dokoni 377
[dokoni]
dokuritsu 873
[doki ]

dokushi 48
[dok in]

dokusho 313, 761
[dok o]

dona 25, 27, 242, 459, 463, 492, 760, 772,
994, 999
[donn]
dono 821, 822, 824, 828, 830

[dono]
donogurai 817, 839, 840, 841, 843, 844,

849, 852, 869
[donoi]
drasa 934
[dos ]
dore 842
[doe]
doredake 731
[doedke]
dshimashita 519
[doimi t]
dshite 74, 118, 204, 236, 238, 243, 429,

462, 545, 563, ..., +7
[doi te]
dyatte 741
[dojtte]
e 178, 276, 277, 466, 637, 638, 996

[e]
e 372
[e]

efurisa 616
[ei s ]
eiga 227, 228, 291, 304, 361, 406, 577, 580,

603, 613, ..., +4
[e]

eigo 195, 268, 269, 386, 393, 460, 838, 886
[eo]

eki 680, 723
[eki ]

emi 279
[emi]

emir 376
[emii]
emiriasa 747
[emiisn]
emirusa 820
[emisn]
ere 20
[een]
evittasa 618
[evitts ]
ezosa 578
[ezos ]
292
fabiasa 614
[bi s ]
fahimusa 517
[ims ]
fatimasa 535
[tims ]
fausutosa 618
[s tos ]
fuda 434, 448, 479, 575, 771

[d ]

ffu 681
[ ]

fuku 311, 658
[ k ]

fukuro 694, 723
[ ko]

fumimashita 176
[mimi t]

fune 814
[ne]

furasu 773
[ s ]
fureddo 391
[eddo]
furimase 325, 415

[imse]

furimashita 615
[imi t]

ENJA
furimasu 408, 432

[ims ]

furimasuka 415
[ims k]

furitsuzuite 844
[izite]

furoratisa 836
[onti s ]
furorida 995
[oid]
furui 853
[i]

futari 482, 501, 506, 721
[ ti]

futs 306
[ ]

futte 165, 191, 194, 226, 251, 252, 427, 464,
670, 676, ..., +6
[ tte]

futt 301
[ tto]

fuyu 265, 432
[j]

ga 1, 6, 12, 14, 27, 29, 30, 33, 41, 43, ...,
+220
[]
gabatte 322, 387, 397

[mbtte]

gakki 760
[kki ]

ENJA
gakk 7, 8, 117, 316, 800
[kko]

gakusei 51
[k se]

ganisshusa 482
[ni s ]
garji 488
[ei]
gasori 331
[soi ]
gatasa 813
[ntsn]
gego 293, 366

[eo]

geki 71, 80, 81, 106, 107, 111, 119, 120
[eki ]

gmu 772
[em]
grisa 395
[eis ]
getsuybi 619, 816, 818, 856

[ejobi]

gik 262, 294, 559, 570, 620, 836
[iko]

git 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 760
[it]
go 597
[o]

gogo 295, 582, 639, 962, 987
293
[oo]

goji 295, 831, 978
[oi]

gojiha 430
[oihm]

gokagetsu 878
[oke ]

gokai 909
[oki]

gone 820
[onen]

goro 476, 771, 941
[oo]
gorufu 780, 785

[o ]
gosai 124
[osi]

gseina 945
[osen]

gozech 571
[ozen]

guai 200, 255, 484, 522
[i]

gurdosa 830
[dos ]
gurai 821, 822, 824, 828, 830, 842

[i]
guruharudosa 622
[hdos ]
294
gusutavosa 923
[s tvos ]
ha 396
[h]
ha 569
[h]

hachiji 272
[hii]

hachijigoro 684
[hiioo]

hachijiyojgofugoro 682
[hiijonooo]

hagaki 72
[hki ]
hai 52, 60, 62, 83, 87, 89, 99, 142, 152, 155,
..., +27
[hi]
hairimashita 519, 605, 630, 741, 742

[hiimi t]

hairimasu 431, 605
[hiims ]

haisha 463, 695
[hi]

haite 198, 672
[hite]

haitte 179, 426, 468, 578
[hitte]

hajimatte 580
ENJA
[himtte]

hajimemashita 863, 894, 936, 943, 976
[himemi t]

hajimemasu 771, 942
[himems ]

hajimeta 957
[himet]

hajimete 713, 838, 841, 942
[himete]

hakkiri 732
[hkkii]
hakubutsuka 295
[hkb k ]

hamete 362
[hmete]
hamigaki 947
[hmiki ]

hanakosa 942
[hnkos ]

hanaremashita 864, 928
[hnemi t]

hanareru 933
[hne]

hanasa 600
[hnns ]
hanasemase 335, 948

[hnsemse]

hanasemasu 293, 335, 366, 386
[hnsems ]
ENJA

hanasemasuka 460
[hnsems k]

hanasete 269
[hnsete]

hanashi 162
[hni ]

hanashimashita 573, 591, 944
[hnimi t]

hanashita 952
[hni t]

hanashite 474, 724
[hni te]

hara 541
[h]

haraimashita 586
[himi t]

haratta 959
[htt]

harawanakereba 959
[hnkeeb]

harete 15
[hete]

hariddosa 717
[hiddos ]
hashigo 719
[hio]

hassasa 68
[hss s ]
295
hatachi 24
[hti ]

hataraite 405, 570, 743, 744, 836, 850
[htite]

hatoshi 838
[hntoi ]

hayaku 903
[hjk ]

hayame 16, 276, 277, 303, 626
[hjme]

hayaoki 399, 575, 673, 771
[hjoki ]

herikoput 788, 796
[heikop t]
hette 541, 945

[hette]

heya 59, 557, 578, 579, 661, 718
[hej]

hi 439
[i ]

hidekisa 941
[ideki s ]

hikemase 338, 339, 416
[i kemse]

hikemasu 420, 424
[i kems ]

hikemasuka 416
[i kems k]

hiki 894
296
[i ki ]

hikimasu 287, 420, 421
[i kims ]

hikkoshimashita 916
[i kkoimi t]

hikkoshite 770
[i kkoi te]

hikkoshite 958
[i kkoi te]

hikki 380, 596, 597, 781, 814
[i koki ]

himana 274, 404
[imn]

hirugoha 266, 685, 969, 975
[ioh ]

hirugoha 571
[iohn]

hte 186, 418, 422, 423, 760
[hite]

hteite 11
[hitete]

hito 76, 108, 297, 308, 369, 573, 775, 806
[i to]

hitomisa 893
[i tomis ]

hitori 304, 501
[i toi]

hitotsu 694, 723, 917
[i to ]
ENJA

hitsuy 443, 914
[i jo]

ho 185, 257, 258, 702, 704, 716, 746, 778,
802, 811, ..., +1
[ho]

ho 518
[ho]

hga 480, 767
[ho]
hoko 633
[hokon]

hmo 587
[homo]

horeiga 350
[hoe]

hru 431
[ho]
hosesa 701
[hoses ]
hoteru 178, 180, 584, 598, 757, 766

[hote]
hot 31, 299, 369, 372, 534, 551

[honto]

hotodono 524
[hotondono]
hotni 397, 580

[hontoni]

hyakudo 301
[kdo]
ENJA

hyakune 866
[knem]

1, 14, 61, 165, 222, 324, 467, 488, 523,
544, ..., +7
[i]
ibnusa 931
[ibonsn]
ichiba 27, 28, 127, 128, 370, 813

[iib ]

ichidai 899, 906
[iidi]

ichido 786, 792, 794, 797
[iido]

ichidorudesu 73
[iidodes ]

ichigatsu 858
[ii ]

ichijika 865, 975
[iiikm]

ichijika 884
[iiikm]

ichijika 890
[iiik ]

ichikiro 126
[ii kio]

ichimai 73, 934
[iimi]

ichimairu 956
[iimi]
297

ichine 881
[iinem]

ichinichich 583
[iinii ]

ichinichij 832
[iinii]

ichirsa 894
[iios ]

desuka 167
[ides k]
desuyo 428, 477

[idesjo]
idirasa 935
[indis ]
ie 7, 55, 288, 488, 523, 562, 587, 594, 622,

665, ..., +5
[ie]

e 16, 54, 56, 58, 85, 91, 95, 97, 105, 136,
..., +51
[ie]
ieni 471
[ieni]

igaku 893
[ik ]

igrusa 766
[ios ]
igurisa 662
[iisn]
ikemase 558
298
[ikemsen]

ikemase 947, 959
[ikemse]
ikemase 949
[ikemse]

ikimase 304, 479
[ikimse]

ikimase 548, 560, 616, 620, 664, 695, 963
[ikimsen]

ikimashita 547, 548, 560, 565, 594, 598,
599, 601, 603, 613, ..., +14
[ikimi t]

ikimasu 210, 234, 276, 280, 291, 315, 316,
406, 479, 599, ..., +4
[ikims ]

ikinasai 427
[ikinsi]

ikitai 521, 762
[iki ti]

ikkai 779, 808, 813
[ikki]

iku 240, 355, 767
[ik ]

ikura 72, 125, 380, 410, 466, 514, 566, 646
[ik]
ima 17, 23, 157, 161, 163, 167, 169, 170,

171, 173, ..., +35
[im]

ima 760, 828
[im]
ENJA
imagoro 555
[imoo]

imase 12, 85, 428, 477, 526, 758, 933, 947
[imse]
imase 16, 520, 913, 970, 983

[imse]
imase 17, 40, 42, 151, 157, 159, 162, 165,

168, 182, ..., +56
[imse]
imase 530, 538, 541, 559, 562, 660, 666,

669, 676, 700, ..., +2
[imsen]
imashita 535, 541, 552, 555, 556, 562, 567,

570, 596, 648, ..., +59
[imi t]
imasu 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 25, 47, 55, 57, 63, ...,
+189
[ims ]
imasuka 141, 436, 438, 439, 445, 448, 449,

450, 451, 452, ..., +12
[ims k]
imi 379, 407, 444

[imi]

imto 10, 388, 501, 781
[imoto]

imtosa 952
[imotosn]

inai 498, 499
[ini]
inaka 755
[ink]

ENJA
inesusa 930
[ines s ]
inu 485, 498, 503, 516, 540

[in]

ippai 593
[ippi]

ippiki 485
[ippi ki ]

ippo 658
[ippon]

irinasa 678
[iinns ]
iro 27, 28
[io]

iroiro 801
[ioio]

iroirona 775
[ioion]

irona 991
[ionn]
iru 204, 212, 236, 237, 238, 415, 429, 462,

497, 498, ..., +5
[i]
irus 501
[iso]
isaberasa 851
[isbes ]
isha 140, 143, 581

[i]

299
ishidorusa 932
[iidosn]
isogashikatta 725
[isoi ktt]

isoide 528, 723
[isoide]

issatsu 631
[iss ]

isshkemei 305, 341
[iokemme]

isshoni 475, 613
[ioni]

isu 14, 192
[is ]

ita 543, 701, 703, 711, 722
[it]
itai 484, 522

[iti]

itariago 335, 841
[itio]

ite 7, 157, 370, 667
[ite]
tisa 426
[iti s ]
itsu 826, 864, 867, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881,

941, 942, ..., +2
[i ]
itsumo 276, 277, 278, 279, 298, 303, 305,

310, 311, 314, ..., +14
[imo]
300
itta 725, 773, 774, 779, 781, 784, 786, 790,

793, 794, ..., +9
[itt]

itte 203, 357, 543, 711, 730, 759, 762
[itte]

itte 669
[itte]

ize 357, 743, 770
[ize]

ize 762
[ize]

ja 371, 391
[]
jaketto 554, 737

[ketto]
jakku 479
[kk ]
jamrusa 967
[ms ]
jasumisa 863
[smi s ]
jazu 345
[z]
jehasa 954
[ehsn]
jehosa 889
[ehos ]
jeusa 953
[e s ]
ENJA
ji 379, 407, 903

[i]

jibu 319, 367, 981
[ibn]

jijitsu 371
[ii ]

jika 528, 612, 662, 761
[ik]

jika 571
[ikn]

jikadri 54, 597
[ikndoi]

jiko 582
[iko]

jinaidasa 936
[inids ]
jir 468
[io]

jrosa 417, 419, 421, 423
[ios ]
jitesha 356, 414, 486, 504, 515, 700, 923

[ite]

jizerusa 847
[izesn]
jo 212
[o]
josa 106
[os ]
ENJA
josei 807
[ose]

jovanisa 658
[ovnnis ]
jzu 6, 43, 268, 269, 338, 339, 420

[oz]

jubi 955
[mbi]

jgatsu 876
[ ]

jgone 871
[one]

jugy 457, 458
[o]

juhosa 901
[ hos ]
jichiji 552
[iii]

jichijiha 707
[iiihm]

jichijihagoro 668
[iiihoo]

jji 580
[i]

jji 707
[i]

jjiha 632
[ihn]

301
jjihagoro 675
[ihoo]

jjihagoro 706
[ihoo]

jjiyojgofugoro 683
[ijonooo]

juko 471
[ko]

jne 845
[nen]

jnijijuppugoro 685
[niippoo]

juppu 864
[ppm]

jsho 950
[o]

jussai 124, 862
[ssi]

jussatsu 802
[ss ]

ka 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, ...,
+307
[k]
kaba 93
[kbn]
kabutte 188, 699

[kbtte]

kachimase 611
[kimsen]
302

kachimashita 640, 733
[kimi t]

kaerimase 698
[keimse]

kaerimashita 905, 913, 968
[keimi t]

kaerimash 645
[keimo]

kaerimasu 181, 214, 223, 475
[keims ]

kaerimasuka 475
[keims k]

kaeritagatteimasu 471
[keitttems ]

kaeru 213
[ke]

kagaete 282
[kete]

kagi 88, 507, 526, 561, 600, 740, 904, 907,
908, 909
[ki]

kagoshi 10
[koi ]

kaigi 636, 664
[kii]

kaikei 586
[kike]

kaimashita 588, 602, 631, 658, 885, 899,
906, 910, 911, 912, ..., +3
[kimi t]

kaimasu 602
[kims ]

kaimono 678, 922
[kimono]

kaisha 276, 277
[ki]

kaita 802, 809
[kit]

kaite 189
[kite]

kaiteki 542
[kiteki ]

kakarimase 364
[kkimse]
kakarimashita 646, 647

[kkimi t]
kakarimasu 275, 299, 300, 380, 410

[kkims ]
kakarimasuka 466
[kkims k]
kakemashita 940
[kkemi t]
kakemasu 382
[kkems ]
kakeru 410
[kke]
kakete 756
[kkete]
ENJA
ENJA
303
kaketemo 167
[kketemo]
kakimashita 803, 965, 972, 986

[kkimi t]

kakoku 786
[kkok ]

kamera 92, 490, 494, 495, 566
[kme]
kami 190, 747

[kmi]

kami 621
[kmi]

kanada 65, 388, 466, 774, 846, 857, 858
[knd]
kanadaji 136
[kndin]

kanojo 8, 17, 79, 97, 101, 144, 145, 146,
147, 148, ..., +118
[knoo]

kao 674
[ko]

kara 21, 22, 64, 65, 96, 100, 101, 145, 146,
164, ..., +54
[k]
krasa 824
[ks ]
kare 7, 11, 13, 43, 69, 77, 81, 107, 114, 170,
..., +103
[ke]

karera 171, 180, 209, 220, 237, 257, 258,

288, 326, 327, ..., +36
[ke]

karite 923
[kite]

kasa 203, 427, 510, 697
[ks]

kata 564
[kntn]

kata 931
[kt]

katta 789, 795
[ktt]

katte 485, 498, 503
[ktte]

katte 900
[ktte]

katte 923
[ktte]

katteimasu 516
[kttems ]

kaut 595
[knt]
kawa 177
[k]

kawaite 12, 152
[kite]

kawaite 152
[kite]

304
kawakimashita 85
[kkimi t]

kawanaide 553
[knide]

kaybi 592, 889
[kjobi]

kaze 11
[kze]

kaze 33, 34
[kze]

kedo 541, 556, 583, 613, 618, 621, 657,
735, 747, 763, ..., +1
[kedo]
keiko 978
[keko]

keisatsu 731
[kes ]

keitaidewa 490, 520
[ketide]

kejisa 968
[kenis ]

kekko 47, 141, 142, 151, 362, 805, 820,
821, 833, 845, ..., +5
[kekko]

kekk 61
[kekko]

ker 461
[kei]
kesa 551, 569, 605, 648, 663, 727, 837, 992

[kes]

ENJA
keshimashita 992
[keimi t]

keshitemo 222, 428, 477
[kei temo]

kibu 517
[kib]

kikanaide 923
[ki knide]

kikimashita 920
[ki kimi t]

kimase 915
[kimse]

kimashita 21, 22, 64, 65, 96, 100, 101, 145,
146, 178, ..., +3
[kimi t]

kimashita 979
[kimi t]

kimashitaka 465
[kimi tk]

kimasu 244, 606, 929
[kims ]

kimochi 956
[kimoi ]

kin 490
[kino]

kin 535, 537, 547, 549, 559, 562, 567, 571,
576, 583, ..., +27
[kino]

kinoko 751
[kinoko]
ENJA
kirai 333, 345, 348, 442
[kii]

kirei 14, 372, 895, 994
[kie]

kireina 311, 673
[kien]

kisha 358, 814
[ki ]

kissate 596
[ki ssten]

kta 920
[kit]

kita 934
[ki t]

kitanai 298, 895
[ki tni]

kitanakatta 557
[ki tnktt]

kitchi 175
[ki tin]
kte 162, 239, 477, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501,

669, 957, ..., +3
[kite]

kte 196
[kite]

kite 204, 311, 692, 693, 737, 937
[ki te]

kite 951
[ki te]

305
kitte 663
[ki tte]

kiybi 552, 606, 977
[kijobi]

koch 527
[kon]

kodo 814
[kondo]

kodomo 8, 117, 306, 487, 506, 581, 751
[kodomo]

kodomotachi 119, 123, 163, 166, 208, 296
[kodomoti ]

kodomotachi 556
[kodomoti ]

ke 166, 681
[koen]

kogetsu 909
[koe ]

kh 317, 318, 320, 321, 370, 480, 593
[kohi]
kj 743
[koo]

kokka 873
[kokk]

koko 178, 265, 408, 538, 556, 763, 849,
889, 905, 913, ..., +5
[koko]
kokochi 14
[kokoi ]

306
kkjidai 809
[kokoidi]

kona 74
[konn]
kono 3, 74, 116, 129, 227, 228, 229, 295,

364, 379, ..., +15
[kono]
konode 307
[kononde]

kop 589
[kopi]
kopyt 497, 502, 953, 966

[kompt]
kore 18, 275, 283, 937

[koe]
korera 4, 14, 72, 88, 113, 125

[koe]
koro 540, 581, 745, 751, 768, 772

[koo]
kosto 521
[kosto]
kosh 230
[koo]

kossetsu 717, 792, 915
[kosse ]

kotae 437, 447
[kote]

kto 18, 204, 578, 693, 853
[koto]
ENJA
koto 274, 302, 330, 343, 359, 435, 436, 438,

439, 442, ..., +56
[koto]
kotoshi 539
[kotoi ]

ktsjky 563
[kooko]

kowakatta 540
[koktt]

kowaremashita 229, 230
[koemi t]

kozutsumi 466
[kozmi]

kudamono 289
[kdmono]

kudasai 5, 164, 203, 425, 497, 498, 499,
500, 501, 528, ..., +6
[kdsi]
kuimase 331
[kimse]

kuji 294, 430, 575, 860, 930
[ki]

kuji 713
[ki]

kujiha 638
[kihn]

kujihagoro 687
[kihoo]

kk 594, 596, 598, 770
[kko]

ENJA
kuni 36, 991
[kni]

kuraku 155
[kk ]

kurashikku 344
[ki kk ]
kuraudosa 810
[kdos ]
kureasa 242
[kes ]
kurrsa 736
[kes ]
kurisu 215
[kis ]
kuro 95, 103, 132

[ko]

kuruma 66, 94, 298, 331, 333, 342, 360,
479, 483, 486, ..., +24
[km]

kurumajiko 944
[kmiko]

kutsu 61, 131, 198, 300, 544, 553, 885
[k ]

kuwashiku 363
[ki k ]

kyakuho 965, 972
[kk hon]

kyarorisa 815
[koi s ]
307
ky 1, 15, 31, 32, 33, 34, 113, 153, 197,
215, ..., +11
[ko]

kydai 482
[kodi]

kydai 501, 505
[kodi]

kymi 29, 30, 44, 115, 363
[komi]

kyone 539, 555, 876
[konen]

kyone 584, 971
[kone]

kyone 963
[konem]

kyjitsu 559
[ki ]

kyjhassai 13
[khssi]

kyjnisai 585
[knisi]

machi 722
[mi ]

machigai 917
[mii]

machimashita 849
[mimi t]

mada 48, 151, 551, 774, 850, 900, 925, 930,
932, 933, ..., +8
[md]
308
made 278, 295, 380, 430, 570, 592, 595,
707
[mde]
mado 454, 455, 579, 654, 661, 735, 742

[mdo]

mae 556, 750, 770, 823, 863, 864, 865, 866,
868, 877, ..., +10
[me]

maiasa 394, 431, 569
[mis]

maiba 292, 601
[mibn]

maiba 769
[mibm]

maiku 266
[mik ]
mainichi 266, 343, 356, 359, 430, 476, 602,

604, 758
[minii ]

maitoshi 762
[mitoi ]

majime 270
[mime]

makemashita 641
[mkemi t]

makushimusa 833
[mk ims ]
manabi 841
[mnbi]

marikasa 961
[miks ]
ENJA
marikkusa 854
[mikk s ]
marutasa 729
[mts ]
mata 167, 224, 923

[mt]
mattaku 298, 866

[mttk ]

mattaku 970
[mttk ]
matte 170, 211, 212, 231, 232, 596, 680,

715, 859, 860, ..., +2
[mtte]

mawatte 273
[mtte]

mazoku 557
[m zok ]

me 481, 519
[me]

megane 756
[mene]

mekishiko 146, 410, 873, 993
[meki i ko]
mekishikoshi 592, 597

[meki i koi ]

mru 914, 970, 973
[me]
mettani 332
[mettni]
ENJA
309

meudri 835
[mendoi]

mi 603, 613, 657, 879
[mi]

michikosa 867
[mii kos ]

migakimashita 569
[mikimi t]

migakimasu 569
[mikims ]

mijikai 747
[miiki]

mikakemase 365, 749
[mikkemse]

mikakemase 614, 618
[mikkemsen]

mikakemashita 614, 749, 980
[mikkemi t]

mikka 868
[mikk]

mikkaka 819, 854, 855
[mikkk ]

mikkaka 870, 888
[mikkkn]

mimase 309, 323, 353, 354, 412, 433, 469,
607
[mimse]

mimase 608
[mimsen]

mimashita 577, 618, 623, 628, 709, 715,

736, 813, 830, 919, ..., +2
[mimi t]

mimashita 937
[mimi t]
mimashitaka 623
[mimi tk]

mimasu 312, 361, 400, 412, 769
[mims ]

mimasuka 472
[mims k]

mina 525, 954
[minn]
mini 291, 304, 406

[mini]

minoru 270
[mino]

mirsa 991
[mis ]
miriasa 886
[mii s ]
miru 769
[mi]

mise 113
[mise]

misherusa 876
[mies ]
mita 776, 783, 807, 813

[mit]

310
mitai 939
[miti]

mite 5, 157, 168, 183, 209, 221, 237, 241,
245, 246, ..., +8
[mite]

mitemo 946
[mitemo]

mitsukarimase 897
[mi kimse]

mitsumeru 243
[mime]

mizu 301
[miz]

mo 6, 159, 250, 330, 359, 363, 364, 391,
561, 573, ..., +19
[mo]
m 13, 155, 181, 213, 214, 223, 244, 286,

471, 475, ..., +44
[mo]
mojesa 891
[monesn]
mokuybi 816
[mokjobi]

moraemasuka 474
[moems k]
moshe 946
[moe]
msukoshi 474
[mos koi ]

motomoto 561
[motomoto]
ENJA
motoriru 784
[montoio]
motte 203, 285, 342, 360, 419, 427, 486,

491, 492, 495, ..., +19
[motte]

motteite 811
[mottete]

mukashi 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 752, 753,
754, 755, 756, ..., +9
[mki ]

mukatta 723
[mktt]

mushiatsui 661
[mii]

muzukashikatta 564
[mzki ktt]

na 28, 274, 801
[n]
na 45
[nn]

na 127, 133, 147
[nn]
naba 75
[nmbn]

nadesuka 19
[nndes k]

nadiasa 750
[ndis ]
nafu 556
ENJA
311
[n ]

nagai 835, 848, 887
[ni]

nagaiaida 861
[niid]

nagakatta 580, 747
[nktt]

nagaku 660
[nk ]

nai 74, 256, 329, 332, 363, 371, 518, 759,
765, 782, ..., +1
[ni]
naite 236
[nite]

naite 674
[nite]

naji 409, 476, 637, 727, 929, 938, 982, 988
[nni]

naka 93, 493, 519
[nk]

nakai 762, 777, 789, 795, 800
[nki]

nakatta 613, 657, 990
[nktt]
nakayoshi 302
[nkjoi ]

nakunarimashita 585
[nknimi t]

nakunarimashita 897, 904, 907, 908, 918
[nknimi t]

nakushimashita 600, 740, 904, 909
[nk imi t]

nakushimasu 600
[nk ims ]

nakushita 787
[nk i t]

nakushite 918
[nk i te]

namae 19, 20, 45, 46, 133, 134, 147, 148,
308, 807
[nme]

namai 658
[nmmi]

nanajijgofu 594
[nnion]

nanajijgofugoro 686
[nniooo]

nanajika 292
[nnikn]

nanasai 124, 894
[nnsi]

nane 993
[nnnem]

nani 29, 159, 206, 208, 233, 235, 237, 249,
250, 383, ..., +24
[nni]

nani 760
[nni]
312
nanro 66, 102, 131
[nnio]

nanode 945, 948, 949
[nnode]
narimashita 155, 255, 873, 903

[nimi t]
narimasu 820, 821, 822, 834, 838, 840, 841,

843, 845, 869, ..., +3
[nims ]
naritai 396
[niti]
naritakatta 581
[nitktt]
nasai 23, 49, 68, 123, 137, 149

[n si]

natarisa 888
[ntis ]
nate 664
[nnte]
natta 878
[ntt]
natte 11, 531, 533, 834, 843, 875, 930

[ntte]
natte 160, 701, 703

[ntte]

nayami 517
[njmi]

ne 16, 61, 72, 544, 554, 583, 937
[ne]
ENJA
neko 485, 516

[neko]

nekorode 172
[nekoonde]

nemashita 532, 632, 898, 988
[nemi t]

nemasu 278, 292, 409
[nems ]

nemuremase 650
[nememsen]

nemuremashita 627, 649
[nememi t]

nensa 898
[nenis ]
nete 533, 716, 739, 947

[nete]

netto 588, 925
[netto]
ni 7, 8, 11, 16, 17, 29, 30, 31, 38, 44, ...,

+312
[ni]
nibu 602
[nib]

nichiybi 279, 374, 538, 582, 603, 615, 619,
962
[niijobi]

nidai 912
[nidi]

niha 466
[nih]
ENJA
nihiki 516
[nii ki ]

niho 671, 794
[nihon]

niji 981
[nii]

nijigoro 689, 738
[niioo]

nijihagoro 713
[niihoo]

nijika 851
[niik ]

nijika 859
[niikm]

nijgosai 50
[niosi]

nijukkai 813
[nikki]

nijne 882
[ninen]

nijne 883
[ninem]

nijnisai 539
[ninisi]

nijuppu 874
[nippm]

nijrokusai 150
[niok si]

313
nijsasai 539
[nis si]

nijyosai 69
[nijosi]

nikai 778, 790, 793, 812
[niki]

nikoraisa 929
[nikoisn]
nikorasusa 884
[nikos s ]
niksa 491
[nikos ]
niku 373, 768

[nik ]

nimai 658
[nimi]

nimananasee 566
[nimnnnseen]

nimotsu 955
[nimo ]

nine 984, 996
[ninem]

nineka 829
[ninekm]

nirajusa 928
[nis ]
niseichine 570
[niseiinem]

niseichine 671
314
[niseiinen]

nisenine 891
[nisenninen]

niwa 523, 622
[ni]

no 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, ...,
+203
[no]
noborisa 864
[nobois ]

node 364, 660, 734, 771, 946
[node]
node 370
[nonde]

nodo 12, 85, 152
[nodo]

noga 769
[no]
nomimase 318, 320, 321

[nomimse]

nomimashita 593
[nomimi t]

nomimasu 317, 320, 321
[nomims ]

nomimono 370
[nomimono]

noni 74, 410
[noni]
norimase 414
ENJA
[noimse]

norimasu 414
[noims ]

noru 356
[no]

notta 782, 788, 796, 880
[nott]

notte 700
[notte]

nuide 578
[nide]

nuretakunai 464
[netkni]

nutte 718
[ntte]

nyi 876
[ni ]

nyjrado 812
[nindo]
nysu 472, 684

[ns ]
nyyku 22, 263, 380, 797, 993

[njok ]
o 11, 13, 25, 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164,

167, ..., +338
[o]
obasa 871
[obs ]

oboete 439, 776, 807
ENJA
[oboet e]

ocha 320, 321, 480
[o]

ochimashita 719
[oimi t]

odorimashita 573
[odoimi t]

odorimasu 284
[odoims ]

ofisu 872
[oi s ]
ofuro 179, 426, 431, 468, 605, 630

[oo]

ogaku 30, 344, 384, 385, 477
[ok ]

ogeki 70
[oeki ]

i 767
[oi]

oikutsu 49
[oik ]
ojsa 585
[ois ]
okane 275, 299, 300, 364, 509, 514

[okne]

okanemochi 2
[oknemoi ]

oksa 7, 55, 63, 110
[oks ]
315

okashite 917
[oki te]

k 36, 523
[oki]

okimashita 575, 629
[okimi t]

okimashita 590
[okimi t]

okimasu 314
[okims ]

kina 288
[okin]

okita 690, 712, 837
[oki t]

okite 593
[oki te]

okorimashita 582, 718
[okoimi t]

okotte 567
[okotte]

okuremashita 636, 849, 874
[okemi t]

okuru 466
[ok]

okusa 143, 916
[ok s ]

okutte 914
[ok tte]

316
omoi 3, 4
[omoi]

omoimasu 624
[omoims ]

omoshiroi 228, 297, 462, 624, 775, 803, 806
[omoioi]

omoshiroku 613, 657
[omoiok ]

ona 108
[onn]

onaji 343, 748
[oni]

onaka 12, 41, 42, 84, 104, 550, 927, 945
[onk]

onsa 405, 463
[ones ]

onsa 393
[onis ]

oreji 125, 604
[oeni]
oribsa 905
[oibs ]
oribiasa 840
[oibisn]
orimashita 720
[oimi t]

orimasu 265
[oims ]

oshiete 296
ENJA
[oiete]

osoi 475
[osoi]

osokatta 903
[osoktt]

osoku 278
[osok ]

sutoraria 779, 871
[os toi]
sutorariaji 135
[os toiin]

otoko 76
[otoko]

otokonohito 776, 783
[otokonoi to]

otonarisa 958
[otonis]

otonarisa 958
[otonisn]

otsa 80, 387, 476, 513
[otos ]

otto 262, 403
[ototo]

owarasemashita 626, 946, 981
[osemi t]

owarimashita 286, 574, 580, 713, 895, 955,
982
[oimi t]

owarimasu 272
ENJA
[oims ]

owarimasuka 476
[oims k]

owatta 541
[ott]

oyoide 177, 667, 758, 956
[ojoide]

pari 555, 974
[pi]
pasupto 787, 897

[ps poto]
pt 307, 548, 560, 572, 574, 616, 624, 660,

915
[pti]
pe 621
[pe]
peki 718
[peki ]
per 790
[pe]
piano 186, 287, 338, 339, 416, 750, 894

[pino]
prisa 892
[poi s ]
prusa 547
[pos ]
purezeto 900
[pezento]
raish 936
317
[i]

ramonasa 949
[mons ]
rarasa 725
[sn]
rarsasa 820
[iss ]
rashumisa 900
[misn]
rebekkasa 539
[ebekks ]
reir 100
[e]
remsa 892
[emisn]
reonarudosa 846
[eondos ]
resutora 357
[es ton]
richdosa 560
[idos ]
rigo 169
[io]
rikai 438
[iki]

rirsa 489
[is ]
ririasa 872
[ii s ]
318
risasa 96
[iss ]
rtisa 983
[iti s ]
rodo 101
[ondo]
rokkagetsu 886
[okke ]

rokkagetsu 892
[okke ]

rokkagetsuka 857
[okke k ]

rokku 346
[okk ]
rokuji 593
[oki]

rokuji 665
[oki]

rokujiha 310
[okihn]

rokune 974
[oknen]

rokune 974
[okne]

rma 974
[om]
romasueiga 352
[om se]

ENJA
roppiki 485
[oppi ki ]

roppo 527
[oppo]

rosazerusu 592
[os zes ]
ruizasa 848
[izsn]
rukasa 665
[ks ]
rush 480
[i]
rushiosa 857, 858

[ios ]
ryoka 74, 364, 542

[ok ]

ryoka 219, 557, 850
[okn]

ryok 358, 541, 543, 565, 584, 617, 762,
781, 804, 814, ..., +2
[oko]

ryri 175, 242, 478
[oi]

ryshi 57, 70, 111, 241, 264, 377, 386, 398
[oi ]

ryshi 71, 617
[oin]

s 520, 783
[s]
ENJA
sabiki 485, 516
[smbiki ]

sabinasa 915
[sbinns ]
sabyakue 126
[smbken]

sadorasa 932
[sndos ]
saifu 918
[si ]

saigo 598, 877
[sio]

saigoni 880
[sioni]

saiki 878
[sikim]

saik 584, 998
[siko]

sajiddosa 984
[sniddosn]
sajigoro 677
[snioo]

sajika 877
[snikm]

sajsasai 138
[sns si]

sakai 577, 759, 805
[ski]

sakihodo 928
319
[ski hodo]

sakk 171, 328, 329, 402, 403
[skk]
sakka 965, 986

[skk]

sakki 926, 927, 945, 952, 956
[skki ]
sakuba 530, 534

[skb]

sakuba 610, 623, 675, 709
[skbn]

sakuba 649
[skb ]

sakuba 736, 740
[skb]

sakuya 551, 572, 601, 985, 988
[skj]

samazama 274
[smzm]

samui 59, 60, 153
[smi]

samukatta 549
[smktt]

samukunai 153, 205
[smkni]

saneka 893, 912
[snnek ]

sapo 681
[smpo]
320

sararma 261
[simn]
saseta 792
[sset]
sashka 863
[s km]

satosa 679
[sntos ]
saynara 181
[sjon]
seberosa 834
[sebeos ]
sedorasa 935
[sendosn]
segetsu 633
[see ]

sehappyakunijichine 873
[sehppkniiine]

seiji 44, 363

[sei]

seikatsu 866
[sek ]

seiri 622
[sei]

sekaikakuchi 804
[sekikk i ]

seki 90, 473
[seki ]
ENJA

sek 893
[seko]

sekyhyakukyjgone 570
[sekk kone]

sekyhyakukyjkyne 688
[sekk kkne]

sekyhyakukyjkyne 833
[sekk kknen]

serujusa 913
[ses ]
sesei 26, 139, 144, 156, 296, 843

[sese]

sesh 536, 538, 552, 558, 565, 568, 577,
582, 587, 592, ..., +8
[se]

sesshi 301
[sei ]

shaberimase 369
[beimse]
shach 77
[o]

shakrasa 775
[kis ]
shrottosa 823
[ottos ]
shashi 129
[in]

ENJA
shashi 448, 449
[i ]

shatsu 658
[ ]
sheikusupia 965, 972

[ek s pi]
shi 330, 363, 573, 597

[i ]
shi 809, 965, 972

[i ]

shiai 709, 734, 789, 795
[ii]

shiatoru 842, 854, 916
[ito]
shibu 158, 199, 207, 602, 851

[imb ]

shibu 359
[imb]

shichiji 771, 872
[i ii]

shichijijgofu 580
[i iio]

shichijimae 314, 629
[i iime]

shidai 440
[idi]

shigatsu 827, 846
[i ]

shig 122
321
[io]

shigoto 17, 25, 112, 157, 164, 215, 270,
280, 297, 305, ..., +44
[ioto]

shigotoch 529, 713
[ioto]

shihaini 766
[i hinin]

shiharai 925
[i hi]

shijimase 371
[inimse]

shijite 445, 446
[inite]

shikago 264, 861, 862
[i ko]
shikamo 542, 811

[i kmo]
shike 564
[i ke]

shimaimashita 663, 716, 717, 735, 915, 917,
918
[imimi t]
shimase 280, 313, 334, 343, 360, 467

[imse]
shimase 622, 734

[imsen]
shimase 732
[imse]
322
shimashita 118, 537, 545, 546, 563, 576,
586, 587, 589, 597, ..., +18
[imi t]
shimash 902
[imo]
shimasu 279, 290, 301, 332, 374, 392, 394,

395, 575, 771, ..., +3
[ims ]
shimasuka 392, 399, 434, 458

[ims k]
shimatta 447
[imtt]
shipi 61, 62
[impin]

shirase 924
[ise]

shirasemashita 950
[isemi t]

shirasete 933, 954
[isete]

shiriai 326, 823
[iii]

shiriaimashita 891
[iiimi t]

shiriatte 822, 840, 887
[iitte]

shirimase 340, 512, 933
[iimse]

shirimase 664
[iimsen]
ENJA

shiritai 437
[iiti]

shishiriasa 585
[i iisn]
shita 429
[i t]

shita 567, 710, 720, 777, 780, 785, 791,
798, 799, 801, ..., +3
[i t]
shitakoto 775
[i tkoto]
shite 16, 25, 47, 141, 142, 151, 157, 164,

171, 195, ..., +67
[i te]
shiteimasu 305
[i tems ]
shtisa 887
[iti sn]
shitte 810, 822, 823, 847, 933

[i tte]

shitte 921
[i tte]
shizuka 425
[izk]

shizukana 369
[izkn]

shizukani 164
[izkni]

shkai 902
ENJA
[oki]

shsetsu 986
[ose ]

sh 759
[]

shubettosa 837
[bettos ]
shukudai 163, 612, 946

[ kdi]

shmatsu 278, 383, 434, 603
[m ]

shuppatsu 597
[ pp ]

shusshi 114
[ in]

shutch 395
[ to]

s 52, 87, 156, 280, 334, 497, 498, 499,
500, 837
[so]
soba 122
[sob]
sobo 984
[sobo]

sji 687
[soi]

soko 637, 638, 815, 825, 835, 854, 856,
872, 996
[soko]
323
sona 462, 660, 732
[sonn]
soniasa 577
[sonis ]
sono 372, 553, 554, 807

[sono]
sore 90, 370, 371, 853

[soe]
sorekara 596
[soek]
soretomo 902
[soetomo]
soshite 272, 420, 485

[soi te]
subete 811
[sbete]

suda 775
[snd]

sude 220, 263, 264, 288, 365, 375, 377,
388, 398, 413, ..., +22
[snde]

sudeimasu 391
[sndems ]

sudeimasuka 391
[sndems k]

sfuka 724
[sk ]

sgaku 296
[sk ]

324
sugoku 12, 152, 553
[sok ]
sugu 471
[s]
suiei 43
[sie]

suite 12, 42, 84, 85, 927
[site]

suiteimase 105
[sitemse]

suiybi 856
[sijobi]

sjitsu 885
[si ]

sukto 672
[s kto]
sukejru 589
[s ke]
suki 27, 28, 227, 228, 260, 267, 302, 306,

319, 328, ..., +32
[s ki ]

suk 128
[s ki]
sukidesuka 441
[s kides k]

sukimashita 41, 104, 550
[s kimi t]

sukina 127, 128, 370, 813
[s kin]

ENJA
sukoshi 60
[s koi ]

sumaho 499
[smho]
sumasete 925
[smsete]

sumtofo 499
[smtoo]
sumimase 176, 368, 460, 473, 474, 849

[smimse]
sumimashita 922
[smimi t]

sne 750, 770
[snem]

sne 763
[sne]

sne 875
[snen]

snichika 834
[snii kn]

sp 678, 744
[sp]
supei 793, 971

[s pen]
supeigo 335
[s peo]

supdo 731
[s pido]
suru 358, 914, 940, 954
ENJA
[s]
sutasa 938
[s t s ]
sutwzu 813
[s toz]
suteki 72, 937

[s teki ]

sutekina 737
[s tekin]
sutbusa 599
[s tibs ]
stsu 692, 979

[s ]
suvetoranasa 833
[svetonsn]
suwari 14
[si]

suwarimashita 578
[simi t]

suwatte 174, 184, 192, 253, 254, 473
[stte]

tabemase 337, 373
[tbemse]

tabemase 768
[tbemsen]

tabemashita 604, 865, 969, 975
[tbemi t]

tabemasu 266, 310, 381, 411, 604, 768
[tbems ]
325

tabemono 299
[tbemono]

tabenagara 596
[tben]

taberu 357
[tbe]

tabeta 877, 927, 945
[tbet]

tabetai 401
[tbeti]

tabete 159, 161, 167, 169, 173, 182, 193,
235, 249, 250, ..., +5
[tbete]

tabetemo 550
[tbetemo]

tachidomatte 724
[tidomtte]

tachimasu 875
[tims ]

tairsa 179
[tis ]
tashita 949
[ti i t]

taishite 557
[tii te]

taitei 361
[tite]

taiwa 994
[ti ]
326

taiya 524
[tij]
taiy 197, 217, 273, 674

[tijo]

taizai 817
[tizi]

tajbi 900
[tnobi]

takai 74, 299, 300, 553
[tki]

takai 984
[tki]

takakatta 544, 554
[tkktt]

takakunai 364
[tkkni]

takakunakatta 542
[tkknktt]

takusa 258, 275, 299, 511, 573, 746, 761,
803, 806
[tk s ]
takusa 289, 300, 370, 505, 972

[tk s]
takusa 297, 485, 517, 525, 573, 576, 775,

965, 972, 986
[tk sn]
takusa 811
[tk sm]
takush 232, 598, 645
ENJA
[tk i]
takushdoraib 9, 754
[tk idoib]
tamani 767
[tmni]

tamarasa 943
[tms ]
tminaru 595
[tmin]
tanosh 112, 624

[tnoi]

tanoshikatta 572, 617, 625, 642, 997, 998
[tnoi ktt]

tanoshikute 584
[tnoi k te]

tatete 180
[ttete]

te 35, 154, 663
[te]

tegami 189, 727, 728
[temi]

teki 1, 15, 165, 324, 536, 543, 549, 568,
583, 652, ..., +3
[teki ]

tenisu 6, 279, 290, 349, 376, 390, 392, 467,
611, 639, ..., +6
[tenis ]
tenisupureiy 467
[tenis pej]
ENJA
teosa 921
[teos ]
terebi 157, 168, 183, 209, 221, 241, 245,

309, 312, 323, ..., +19
[teebi]
terebihs 709
[teebihoso]

ter 570
[tei]
to 124, 220, 501, 516, 560, 573, 591, 601,

624, 635, ..., +23
[to]
tobashite 691, 732

[tobi te]

tobimashita 592
[tobimi t]

tobimasu 283
[tobims ]

tchaku 595, 597, 720
[tok ]

todoite 970, 973
[todoite]

todokimashita 727, 728
[todokimi t]

todokimasu 359
[todokims ]

toire 79
[toie]
tokai 413
[toki]
327

tokei 229, 247
[toke]

toki 274, 404, 515, 543, 621, 670, 676, 678,
679, 690, ..., +13
[toki ]

tokidoki 280, 332
[tokidoki ]

tokkuni 922
[tokkni]
tokoro 359, 896

[tokoo]
tokoro 994
[tokoo]

tky 824
[toko]

tomatte 178, 219, 364, 888
[tomtte]

tomerareta 731
[tomeet]

tomete 595
[tomete]

tomodachi 5, 78, 86, 219, 240, 327, 361,
375, 392, 525, ..., +14
[tomodi ]

tomoni 71
[tomoni]
tomusa 605
[toms ]
torakku 799
328
[tokk ]
torniguset 666
[toenisent]
tori 674
[toi]

tri 748
[toi]

toroto 38, 96
[toonto]
toshi 13
[toi ]

toshi 180
[toi ]

toshiyori 681
[toijoi]

totemo 36, 228, 297, 300, 372, 536, 549,
572, 583, 653, ..., +1
[totemo]
totte 448, 449

[totte]

totte 520
[totte]

totteimasu 13
[tottems ]

tsuita 926, 948
[it]

tsuite 363
[ite]
tsuite 488
ENJA
[ite]

tsuite 869, 870, 932, 938
[ite]

tsj 294
[o]

tsukaremashita 39, 82, 83, 534, 551
[ kemi t]

tsukarete 40, 471, 541, 648, 660
[ kete]

tsukiai 848
[ kii]

tsukimashita 16, 54, 638, 816, 867, 868,
884, 929, 935, 977
[ kimi t]

tsukimashitaka 637
[ kimi tk]

tsukimasu 277, 303, 938
[ kims ]

tsukue 174, 429, 561, 590
[ ke]

tsukutte 175, 242, 478, 685
[ k tte]

tsumaranai 367
[mni]
tsumetai 35, 154

[meti]

tsumetakunai 154
[metkni]

tsumori 960
ENJA
[moi]
tsutaemashita 914, 924

[ temi t]

tsutaemasu 914
[ tems ]

tsutomete 262
[ tomete]

tsuyoi 33
[joi]

tsuyokunai 34
[jokni]

uchi 17, 57, 63, 110, 266, 361, 698, 964
[i ]
uchini 716
[ini]
ude 717, 915

[de]

udedokei 500
[dedoke]

ud 115, 127, 128, 758
[ndo]

ue 174
[e]

ujsa 882, 883
[nesn]
uketorimashita 595
[ketoimi t]

uma 485, 782
[m]
329

umaku 336
[mk ]

umi 651
[mi]

umibe 178
[mibe]

urimashita 750, 765
[imi t]

uru 960
[]

uta 196, 470
[t]

utatte 470
[ttte]

ute 360, 451, 452, 679, 791, 799
[nte]

utsu 903
[ ]

utta 735
[tt]

utta 960
[tt]

vadimusa 940
[vdimsn]
varersa 926
[veis ]
vedasa 980
[veds ]

330
venessasa 592
[venesss ]
visetosa 926
[vi sentosn]
vuradimru 948
[vdimi]
wa 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, ..., +817

[]
wakarimase 368, 461, 474, 520, 556, 561,

656, 669, 783, 994
[kimse]

waratte 187, 238, 462
[tte]

waremashita 654, 655
[emi t]

wareta 656
[et]

wrudokappu 777
[dokpp ]
warui 484, 517, 522

[i]

warukatta 563, 734
[ktt]

wasuremasu 308
[sems ]

wasurenaide 940
[senide]

wasurete 447
[sete]

ENJA
watashi 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, ...,

+160
[ti ]

watashi 65, 89, 90, 128, 130, 389, 390, 442
[ti ]
watashitachi 161, 167, 173, 178, 274, 278,

291, 302, 310, 323, ..., +41
[ti ti ]

watasu 900
[ts ]

watte 735
[tte]

wefsa 882, 883
[ees ]
weit 766
[et]
weje 382
[ene]
ychisa 395
[ji s ]
yaky 348, 735, 753

[jk]

yamanobori 644
[jmnoboi]

yamete 704
[jmete]
yamimashita 571
[jmimi t]

yanikkusa 933
[jnikk s ]
ENJA
331
yrisa 954
[ji s ]
yaru 511
[j]
yasuku 37
[js k ]

yatte 163, 336, 753
[jtte]
yatto 571
[jtto]
yo 16, 71, 81, 107, 120, 222, 520, 547, 548,

564, ..., +24
[jo]
yoda 778
[jond]

yode 158, 185, 199, 207, 233, 257, 258,
702, 716, 746, ..., +1
[jonde]

yfuku 934, 937
[jo k ]

yoga 394
[jo]
yoji 666
[joi]

yojiha 713
[joihn]

yojika 597
[joik]

yokatta 536
[joktt]
yokatta 543, 568, 652, 653, 659, 956

[joktt]

yoko 11, 531, 533, 930
[joko]

yoku 74, 255, 256, 265, 291, 308, 312, 378,
395, 400, ..., +22
[jok ]
yokunarimashita 558
[joknimi t]
yomanai 359
[jomni]

yomimashita 746, 761, 778, 811
[jomimi t]

yomimasu 281
[jomims ]

yomu 704
[jom]

yonaka 574, 738
[jonk]

yoru 272, 312
[jo]

yosee 647
[josee]

yottsu 293, 366, 483, 524
[jot]

ybikyoku 116, 620, 950
[jbikok ]

yubiwa 362
332
[jbi]

ybiyasa 951
[jbijs ]

yuka 172, 184, 253, 254
[jk]

yuki 191, 408
[jki ]

yukkuri 474
[jkki]
ymei 396
[jme]

ymeiji 989
[jmein]

ysh 777
[jo]

zasshi 631
[zi ]

zettai 371
[zetti]

zeze 768
[zezen]

zoisa 601
[zois ]
zubo 658
[zbo]
zubo 672
[zbo]
zuibu 558
[zib ]
zuibu 823
[zibm]
zsha 392
[z ]
zuts 837
[z]

zutto 357, 571, 825, 876, 964
[ztto]
ENJA
ENJA
333
Kanji IIndex
ndex
hyakudo
hyakune
jukkiro
jdoru
jni
juppu
ippu
jmoch
jne
jnemae
jji
jjiyojgofugoro
jjiha
jjihagoro
jjika
jichini
jichiji
jichijijgofu
jichijihagoro
senihyakugojusshitsu
jniji
jnijijuppugoro
jnigatsunijgonichi
jnigatsumatsu
jnishksu
jnishka
jsane
segohyakugojyro
jgone
jgonemae
jrokujika
jrokusai
nisejyone
jnanasai
nijdorusatsu
sehappyakunijichine
nijuppseto
nijni
sehappyakunanajrokune
nijukko
jhassai
nijuppu
nijne
sekyhyakuyro
nijyojika
sekyhyakurokujgone
nisegohyakudoru
nijgosai
sekyhyakuhachijkyne
nijrokumoji
sekyhyakukyjgone nijnanasai
futatsu
sekyhyakukyjkyne futari
ikkagetsu
nibai
hitotsu
kai
tsu
nine
ichima
ninego
hitori
futsukaka
issatsu
nijigoro
ippuka
nijihagoro
ichidai
nijika
dai
nibame
ikkai
nikai
ichinichi
sajukkakokugo
ichinichij
sajuppu
ichijika
sajnichi
ichigatsu
sajussai
ippo
ichimai
sajussainodasei
isshka
sajnido
isshkabu
nisedoru
sabyakuyro
niseichine
sakagetsu
nisenine
tsu
334
mittsu
samtoru
sarittoru
sani
mikkamae
mikkaka
saji
sajigoro
sashka
yojgofu
yoni
yosee
yoji
yojiha
yoba
gohyakudoru
gohyakuyro
gojukko
gochini
gojissai
goni
gofu
hosedoru
godai
gone
goji
gojika
gogatsusajichinichi
gokai
gokaidatenobiru
rokkagetsu
rokumo
rokune
rokunichika
rokuji
nanatsu
nananichi
shichiji
shichijijgofu
nanajijgofu
nanajijgofugoro
shichijiha
jiha
shichijiha
hachijukkiro
yattsu
hakkai
hachiji
ji
hachiji
hachijiyojuppu
hachijiyojgofugoro
hachijigoro
hachijika
kyhyakkiro
kyjussai
kyjnisai
kyne
kuji
kujiha
kujihagoro
kugatsu
kugatsujuichinichi
a
masa
aisukurmu
aidea
airisusa
airo
akushoeiga
akuroporisu
agetai
ageteiru
agemashita
agemasu
ENJA
ageraremase
ajia
asumisa
asoko
atta
attara
atte
ate
atene
ato
aturosa
atode
adobaisu
adoria
adoriasa
adoresu
anasutashiasa
anata
anataha
anatatachi
anaberusa
ano
anohito
apto
afurika
amazogawa
amari
amada
amadasa
amerika
amerikaji
arasuka
ari
ariasa
ariemase
arigat
arigatgozaimasu
arisusa
ENJA
arimashita
arimasu
arimasuka
arimase
aru
arubdo
arubdosa
arufabetto
arupususamyaku
are
arekkushsa
areba
ajerasa
ata
adesusamyaku
atoniosa
ana
anasa
anani
i

e
jesa
tisa
desu
desuka
desuyo
na
iu
ivosa
iunoha
iebugensa
ikaga
ikimasu
ikimase
igirisu
335
ikutsu
ikura
ikenai
ikenakatta
ikemase
igsa
igrusa
isaberasa
ishidorusa
ita
itai
itadakenai
itadakemasu
itadakemase
itara
itaria
itaria
itariago
ita
itsu
itsugoro
itta
ittai
itsudemo
ippai
itsumo
ite
itemo
inai
inaide
inai
inakatta
inakattara
inakute
inesusa
ibnusa
ima
imashita
imashitara
imash
imasu
imasuka
imase
imurasa
iya
iyoiyo
irasshaimasu
irimasu
irimase
irinasa
iru
irus
iru
irudesu
ireba
iremashita
irona
ikuktoridji
igurado
igurisa
itnetto
idirasa
ido
vadimusa
varersa
vareriosa
varerisa
vikutoriasa
u
rusosa
urumasa
visetosa
weit
vedasa
utoresu
wruzu
336
venessasa
weje
wefsa
uchi
uchini
ukkari
umaku
vuradimru
urusai
urusasugimasu
u
ujsa
utsaisa
uyasa
earobikusu
evitasa
evittasa
eunasa
jeto
ejiputo
esutebasa
etto
eferut
ehdosa
efugenisa
efurisa
emiriasa
emir
emirisa
emirusa
erisasa
ere
eresa
egurisa
ezosa
o
oikutsu
oish
oide
sutoraria
sutorariaji
masa
okakeshite
okash
oki
okimash
okimasu
ojsa
osuksa
onaka
obasa
ofisu
omotenashi
oribsa
oribiasa
orugasa
oreji
orejijsu
otagai
otagaini
ogeki
onsa
onsa
otaku
omachi
otetsudai
omochi
osagashi
oksa
otsa
ojcha
oshirase
orei
okotaeshimasu
onaka
ocha
ENJA
omimai
okane
okanemochi
otonarisa
onegaishimasu
ofuro
ka
ga
gshiasa
krasa
gaido
gaidosa
kairo
kaut
kakatte
kakarimashita
kakarimasu
kakarimasuka
kakarimase
kakaru
kagiri
kakete
kaketemo
kakenakereba
kakemashita
kakemasu
kakeru
kakewasureru
kakemachigaemashita
kashimusa
gasu
kasupsa
gasori
gasorisutado
kanada
kanadaji
ENJA
kanari
ganisshusa
ganesshusa
kano
kaba
gaburiresa
kamaimase
kamirasa
kamera
kamo
kamoshiremase
kara
karakasu
garasu
kariforuniadaigaku
karimusa
karusosa
garji
karorisa
kawais
kasutadisa
gatasa
kanigu
kita
git
kitara
kitchi
kitto
kite
kitemo
kinoko
kimashita
kimasu
kyarorisa
kyaseru
kr
337
gusutavosa
kudasai
kudaranai
guchagucha
kutsu
guggehaimubijutsuka
gurdosa
gurai
kuraiato
kuraudosa
kurashikku
kurashikkumyjikku
kurasu
kuradiosa
kurabu
kurniguya
kurisu
kurisusa
kuru
kurzu
guruharudosa
gurume
kureasa
kurmu
kurrsa
kurejittokdo
kureta
kurete
kurenakattara
kuremashita
kuremasu
kuremase
kuremurikyde
kurerasa
kureru
kurereba
kki
ksu
gto
gmu
grisa
kekk
kedo
kenia
ker
kersa
gersa
kereba
gguru
ksu
kto
kh
gru
koko
kosutarika
koto
goto
kotoni
kono
konoshai
gohadosa
kop
gomi
komyuniksho
gomibako
gorufu
kore
korekara
korede
korera
korerano
koreij
koro
goro
338
korobia
kosto
kosutadisa
koseto
kotakuto
kotorru
kona
konani
konichiha
kobini
kopyt
koro
goshuji
gojiyni
s
sjisa
sbaisa
sbisu
sainasa
saimosa
sakutsa
sakurabo
sashite
saseta
sasete
sasemashita
sasemasu
sakk
sakkchmu
sakki
sappari
saharasabaku
zabiasa
zahidasa
sabinasa
samiasa
saynara
sarsa
sarasa
sararma
sareta
saretara
sarete
sarenai
sarenakatta
saremashita
saremase
sa
sagurasu
sajittosa
sajiddosa
sazusa
satiago
sadoitchi
satosa
sadorasa
shi
shiatoru
jesa
shtisa
shtoberuto
jrosa
jzu
sheikusupia
jeshikasa
jemirasa
jerdosa
jerarudosa
jeusa
jeha
sa
jehosa
sherosa
shiosa
shika
shikago
shikashi
ENJA
shikamo
shishiriasa
jizerusa
shita
shitai
shitaku
shitakunai
shitakoto
shitara
shita
shitadesu
shitte
shite
shithru
shiteita
shiteite
shiteimasu
shiteiru
shitekuru
shiteshimatta
shiteha
shitemo
shinai
jinaidasa
shinaide
shinakuteha
shinakutemo
shinakereba
shinakerereba
shinasai
shimainasai
shimaimashita
shimau
shimashita
shimashimashita
shimash
shimasu
shimasuka
ENJA
shimase
shimatta
shimatta
ja
shrottosa
shakrasa
shakirasa
jaketto
jazu
jasumisa
shatsu
jakku
jakkusa
shatorubasu
janai
shaberimase
shaberisugi
jamrusa
jamirasa
jab
jsu
shubettosa
jurianasa
juriususa
juriusa
juhosa
shiy
jovanisa
shganakatta
jogigu
shotch
shoppasugimasu
shoppigu
339
shoppigumru
jobanisa
jo
josa
shiruvsa
shiruverosa
shirubiasa
shirubeosa
shiremase
shigapru
shigurumaz
shitsuzukete
suisu
suitchi
zuibu
suvetoranasa
zsha
zshasa
stsu
stsuksu
sp
spu
smeisa
zrosa
sukto
suk
sugite
sukyadaru
sugu
suguni
sukejru
sugoku
sukottorado
sut
wzu
sutasa
zutsu
sukkari
zutto
sutbusa
sutekina
sutr
sutoraiki
sutoresu
supai
supchi
supdo
supei
supeiji
supeigo
supsu
subeki
subete
subetoranasa
suptsu
suptsuk
zubo
sumtofo
sumaho
sumimase
surasugo
suru
suru
sureba
sei
seide
st
sezaru
seberosa
serujusa
sedorasa
zoisa
s
ssureba
soko
340
soshitara
soshite
sochira
soniasa
sono
soko
sonomama
soba
sof
sore
sorekara
sorede
soredemo
soretomo
soreha
sorehodo
soreyori
sorera
sorosoro
sona
sonani
da
tminaru
tai
tai
daianasa
daietto
taiya
daiyamodo
tairsa
tairasa
dautau
dautauiki
taoru
dakara
takusa
takush
takushdoraib
dake
das
tachimase
tatta
datta
datta
dato
tabako
tabu
tamatama
tamarasa
tame
dame
tara
darake
dar
dada
tapusosa
chiesa
chzu
chmu
chesu
chiki
chiketto
chato
chokorto
chotto
tsu
tsuite
tsuide
tsuiteha
tsptomodai
tsukimasu
tsukete
tsukenakereba
tsukemash
tsukemasu
tsukero
tte
tsunaide
tsumaranai
ENJA
tsumaranakatta
tsumaranaku
tsumori
te
de
digosa
dpakkusa
deividdosa
tisshu
dimidorsa
dt
tburu
teosa
dekakemasu
dekita
dekite
dekinai
dekinai
dekinakatta
dekinakatta
dekimashita
dekimasu
dekimase
dekiru
dekiyasui
deshita
deshitane
deshitara
desh
deshka
desu
desuka
desuga
desukara
tesuto
detorikkusa
ENJA
denakereba
tenisu
denisusa
tenisupureiy
tenisuseshu
dewa
deha
depto
debittosa
demo
ter
terebi
terebikyoku
terebihs
to
doa
toiu
toiukoto
doitsugo
toire
d
diu
dka
dshite
dshimashita
dsuru
dzo
dyatte
dyara
tmasusa
drasa
dri
toki
doko
dokoni
tokoro
dochira
tokkuni
dotchi
totte
341
totemo
donaderasa
dono
donogurai
toha
dobai
domitorisa
tomusa
tomo
tomoni
doraib
torakku
toraku
doru
torundo
dore
tornigu
torniguksu
torniguset
doregurai
doresu
doredake
toroto
do
dodo
dona
donasa
na
nai
naito
naifu
nai
nakatta
nakatta
nakanaka
nagara
naku
nakute
nakunatta
nakereba
naze
nazenara
natarisa
natta
nattara
natte
nadiasa
nado
nani
nanode
nanoni
nara
naranai
naraba
naritai
naritakatta
naritakunai
narimashita
narimasu
narimase
narihajimetara
naru
naremase
na
nate
ni
niksa
nikosa
nikoraisa
nikorasusa
niha
nimo
nyjrado
nysu
nyyku
nyykudaigaku
nirajisa
nirajusa
nuriasa
342
ne
negatibu
netto
nensa
no
noasa
noga
node
noni
noha
nowo
wa
ha
b
bsudikdo
pti
pt
hdodisuku
bbara
bbarasa
hmasa
hai
baiorettasa
baiku
haidsa
haidisa
pairotto
haurusa
paverusa
baurisa
p
risa
hagaki
bakani
bakari
bakasu
bakasuch
hakimusa
bagutta
baksho
hazu
basu
pasu
basuke
pasupto
basutei
pasoko
bat
hakkiri
baggu
bakkuappu
hassasa
hadiasa
hadorisa
banana
habdosa
habana
paberusa
paboro
paborosa
hamete
pari
harik
hariddosa
baruserona
barbru
baretinasa
hawdosa
pa
bakoku
hanasa
piano
bchi
pietorosa
hikareta
bikutsa
bikutoriasa
bikutorusa
ENJA
bikuramusa
bitaresa
bikkuri
hidoi
hidokatta
hidoku
hitotsu
binrubukuro
hima
biru
bi
bisetosa
fausutosa
fashimusa
fasutosa
fassho
fatimasa
fadorisa
fabiasa
fabiusa
fabiosa
fahimusa
famirk
farukosa
fa
fiodosa
firippasa
firipi
pru
feodrusa
buenessasa
buenosuairesu
ferishianasa
butsukatte
butsukari
ENJA
butsukarimase
futtobru
buraia
furaito
puraibto
burajiru
burajiruji
furazzusa
furadimrusa
furaremashita
pura
furakufuruto
furasu
furazusa
furasuji
furasugo
furi
purishirasa
buritchisa
purit
bur
burki
fureshianasa
purezeto
fureddo
puro
furrasa
puroguramu
purojekuto
purodakutonzu
furoratisa
furorida
e
beki
bejitaria
bedasa
343
beddo
beddofdo
beddormu
peteruburugu
benaodosa
heno
perapera
herikoput
beru
per
berundosa
beruri
heresa
pe
peki
petago
herikkusa
h
hga
hni
hmusutei
hmuresu
hru
bru
prusa
hoka
bokushigu
poketto
bogota
hosh
bosutomaraso
hosesa
bota
bottakuri
hottojsu
bodigdo
hoteru
hoterujh
hodo
hotodo
hotodono
hobitto
hohesa
horeiga
borisusa
boyari
mketigu
mtasa
mtisa
maiami
maiku
mairu
makishimusa
makushimusa
magudasa
makosa
mashita
mazu
masuku
mata
mada
mattaku
made
madeni
matomo
madordoiki
mahamdosa
mama
maraso
marikasa
marikusa
marisorusa
marikkusa
marukosa
344
marutasa
marude
misherusa
misu
mitai
mite
minasa
mimashita
mimash
mimasu
myuhe
mirsa
mirano
miriasa
miruku
mirukuchokorto
mirenasa
mina
meudri
mtoru
mru
megasa
mekishiko
mekishikoshi
mechakucha
messji
meny
metenasu
meb
mo
m
msugu
michido
msukoshi
moshi
moshikashitara
moshiku
moshimoshi
mosukuwa
motarashimashita
mochiro
mottainai
motte
motto
motomoto
monikasa
mono
moraitai
moraimashita
moraimasu
morau
moraemasu
moraemasuka
moraemase
moratta
moratte
morattemo
moraremase
morawanakereba
moshe
mojesa
mossa
motoriru
ya
ychisa
yrisa
yatte
yatto
yappari
yanikkusa
yameta
yamete
yamenaide
yamemashita
ENJA
yaranakereba
yarimashita
yarimash
yarimasu
yarimase
yaru
yaruki
yukkuri
yurianasa
yo
yoi
y
yni
yniha
yroppa
yoga
yokatta
yoku
yokute
yokunarimashita
yoshimash
yotte
yoradasa
yori
yoru
rairasa
raigawa
ravsa
rakushimisa
rash
rashdosa
rajio
rajisa
rashidosa
rashumisa
razusa
ratifasa
ramonasa
rarasa
ENJA
rarsasa
rarisasa
riakusho
rtisa
riodejaneiro
risaikuru
risasa
ritasa
richdosa
rinayasa
ribigu
rima
rirsa
rirakkusu
ririasa
rigo
ridasa
ruisasa
ruizasa
rshsa
rukasa
rush
rushiosa
rudsa
rud
sa
reir
reirasa
rshigu
rsuka
reonarudosa
reoporudosa
reshumisa
rejigakari
resutora
renatasa
reniasa
rensa
345
rebekkasa
remsa
refasa
rma
rosaitasa
rosazerusu
roshia
rosettasa
rokku
rokkusut
robisa
robettsusa
romasueiga
rodo
wrudokappu
wrudotsu
wakarimasu
wakarimase
wake
washito
wazuka
wazurawash
watashi
warutsa
o
1 Stroke
ichikiro
hitotsu
ichidorudesu
ichimairu
hitori
ichini
ittai
ikko
issatsu
ippiki
ichiraseisseiji
ikku
ichidai
ikkai
ikka
ichine
ichido
ichinichi
ichinichich
ichinichij
ichijika
hitobach
ichigatsu
ippo
ichiho
ippai
ichimai
issh
isshkemei
ichiba
isshoni
ikke
isshka
ichirsa
ichibu
2 Strokes
teich
shichiji
shichijimae
shichijiha
nanajika
nanasai
kyjhassai
kuji
kugatsu
futatsu
nimananasee
futari
nihiki
nijsasai
nijnisai
nijgosai
346
nijrokusai
nijuppu
nijyosai
nijukkai
hatachi
nidai
nikai
nine
nineka
nido
nidoto
niji
nijika
nimai
nike
jirsa
nibu
hitobito
hitotachi
jik
niki
nikisha
haitta
haitte
hairitai
hairitakattara
hairimashita
hairimasu
irimase
hairu
ireta
irete
hairemashita
iremashita
iremasu
iremase
irerareta
ireru
nyj
nygaku
nyi
nyich
hachiji
jichijiha
jniji
jussatsu
juppu
jfu
jbu
jne
jji
jjiha
jjihagoro
jgatsu
jussai
3 Strokes
magaichi
barinochj
sani
sabiki
sajsasai
sakai
saneka
mikka
mikkaka
saji
sajika
sabyakue
sashka
ue
agatte
agaru
ageru
jzu
umai
umaku
jk
shita
sagaremasu
kudashita
gesuid
ENJA
atae
ataeraremasu
ataeru
nakunarimashita
seni
kuchi
kuchigeka
doybi
ygata
yshokudai
k
kiku
kisugite
kina
kisugimasu
daijbu
daiji
daisukesa
taisetsu
goe
taihe
taihena
daisuki
daigaku
daigakukyiku
daigakujidai
daigakusei
haba
kega
taitei
moji
mono
daitry
daishize
daikumo
nishihiroshi
dri
daibubu
daitoshi
tairy
ENJA
tairiku
ame
ona
onanohito
onanoko
josei
kodomo
kodomotachi
kodomotachi
chsa
chsai
chsakute
chsana
chsasugite
kogitte
kozutsumi
kogoe
shsetsu
kozeni
kotoritachi
komugiko
yama
yamanobori
kawa
kj
kjkegaku
kgaku
4 Strokes
fube
fukhei
fukan
mazukute
fuatei
fukeiki
fuma
naka
chgoku
chgokuji
chgokugo
chshibu
chshi
347
nakami
chtaisei
chbu
chka
arakajime
yosgai
yosoku
tagai
gokakokugo
gokagetsu
gokai
gonemae
goji
gojiha
gosai
gohyakuni
hitomisa
ima
imakara
imamade
kokai
koya
kogakki
kotoshi
kodo
ky
koba
kogetsu
kesa
kosh
imagoro
motte
ij
inai
ize
igai
geki
uchi
naiy
ke
rokkagetsu
rokkagetsuka
rokuni
roppiki
rokuji
rokujiha
roppo
jda
wakatte
wakaranakatta
wakarimasu
wakarimase
wakarete
kitta
kitte
kiraremashita
kiru
kires
kitte
katte
nioi
kagakuhakubutsuka
goze
gozech
gogo
ykteki
yko
ykosa
tomodachi
sgaky
hatai
han
teki
futorimashita
taiheiy
taiy
taiykei
otto
ffu
348
shsh
sukoshi
sukunai
sukunakatta
sukunakereba
sukunasugite
hte
hteite
hikinobasu
hikiyosemashita
hikiokoshimashita
hikkoshita
hikkoshite
hikkoshimashita
hikkosu
hikkoshite
hikkoshimashita
itai
kokochi
shirigakka
shizby
shipai
te
tenremashita
tenreru
tetsudai
tetsudaimase
tetsudau
tetsudaemase
tetsudatte
shud
tegaki
tegami
shujutsu
shujutsuch
tehai
shiharai
shihaini
buka
moji
bugaku
bush
kata
hizu
hh
hi
nichiybi
niho
nippo
nihoji
hiyaketome
hikage
tsuki
getsuybi
ki
mokuybi
kessekisuru
kette
yamanakereba
tomarimase
yamimashita
yamu
tomete
yamemash
tomeru
mfu
mizu
suiybi
suiei
hi
kaji
kaybi
chichi
katazukete
katazukemasu
katazukeru
ENJA
gyny
inu
5 Strokes
sekai
sekachi
sekaij
sekaikakuchi
sewa
shuji
shuysagy
shigoto
shigotoch
shigototaido
ta
hoka
tani
takai
tsuite
tsukiai
tsukiatte
fuki
ani
kydai
shashi
fuyu
dekakesasemase
dekaketa
dekaketai
dekaketaku
dekaketara
dekaketa
dekakete
dekakenai
dekakenaide
dekakenai
dekakemashita
dekakemash
dekakemasu
ENJA
dekakemase
dekakeraremase
dekakeru
dekakerutsumori
dasanaide
dasareta
dashi
dashita
dashitakattara
dashita
dashite
dashimashita
dasu
deta
dete
detekita
demashita
demase
deru
deaimashita
deaemasu
shusseki
shussekisuru
shutch
shutchshite
dekimasu
dekiru
dekirudake
shuppatsu
shuppatsushimasu
shusshi
kitayroppa
peki
hokubu
habu
hatoshi
hatoshimae
349
hatoshigo
shimete
isatsugijutsu
ish
kyone
furui
sakebi
sakebihajimemashita
kawaisni
taipei
daidokoro
taiwa
taif
kanawanaiyume
yottsu
yojika
shigatsu
shorisuru
soto
gaikseisaku
gaikoku
gaikokuji
gaikokugo
gaike
ushinatta
shippaisha
shitsugy
shiss
yatsura
hidarigawatsk
shinai
heiwashugisha
bego
begoshi
kanarazu
hitsuy
utanakereba
uchidokoro
utsu
utta
haraitagatte
haraimashita
haraimasu
harau
haraemasu
haraemase
haratta
harawanakereba
imadani
ho
hot
hotni
hotha
hodana
tadashikatta
shgo
seij
shgatsu
shjiki
seikai
haha
bogokugo
okashita
okashite
hani
hazai
hazaijike
hazaisha
tamanegi
tamatsukijiko
ikikata
ikikaeru
umare
umaremashita
umaresodatta
seimei
seito
seikatsu
seikatsuhi
350
seisa
inaka
mshiwake
shisei
hifu
me
mokugeki
mokugekisha
mokuteki
ishi
sekiyukaisha
sekiyugaishasukyadaru
sekiyugykai
reigi
shimesu
tachidomatte
tatte
6 Strokes
rygawa
ryh
ryshi
arasoi
arasottara
ksate
kts
ktsrru
ktsjiko
ktsjky
ktsdgu
naka
nakatagai
nakanaori
nakayoshi
fusero
yasumu
yasude
kykei
kyjitsu
ai
aitakatta
aitagatte
aini
aimashita
aimash
aimasu
aimase
au
aetara
aete
aenai
aenakatta
aenakutemo
aemasu
aemase
atta
atte
atteimasu
awanakereba
ka
etoku
kaisha
kaishah
kaikei
kaiwa
kaida
kaigi
kaigich
tsutaete
tsutaemashita
tsutaemasu
niteimasu
niawanai
jde
saki
segetsu
sesei
sakihodo
sesh
hikari
mitsukosa
mattaku
ENJA
subete
zetaiteki
zeryoku
zei
zeze
zebu
keimusho
abunai
kike
kaku
atte
gi
griteki
onaji
dry
drytachi
dj
di
dji
meishi
namae
meiyosogai
mukai
mukatta
mukatte
mukete
muk
mukgishi
s
mawatte
zaiko
chikatetsu
chizu
chki
chih
chiky
chikyodaka
jime
i
ku
ENJA
kute
kunai
me
tabu
sukarete
suki
sukidesuka
sukina
sukikatte
konode
ji
sozai
uch
mamotte
mamoranakereba
mamori
mamoru
yasuku
aze
azeute
asei
ataru
ateta
tkyoku
tze
tsukusanakereba
tsukushite
sh
toshi
toshiyori
toshioita
eki
isogash
isogashikatta
isogashiku
naru
seibu
seiseki
seich
hayai
351
hayaihodo
hayaku
hayakereba
hayame
hayameni
sch
hayaoki
ymei
ymeiji
tsukue
tsugi
shidai
jir
shinareta
shida
shide
maikai
maitoshi
mainichi
maiba
maitsuki
maiasa
ki
kizukimashita
kini
kinishinai
kinishimase
kininarimasu
kinranai
kinru
kiwo
kiwotsukete
kibu
kimae
kimochi
kimochiwarui
kitanai
kitanakatta
kitanaku
yogos
yogoremashita
hyakune
rjihmu
kagaeta
kagaete
kagaeteimasu
kagaenaide
kagaeba
kagaeru
kagaedasu
kagaekata
mimi
niku
nikurui
jitai
jibu
jibutachi
jibukatte
jibugatte
jibusey
jidsha
jidshakyshjo
jikoshkai
jisatsu
jiy
jiritsu
jishi
jitesha
iroiro
iroirona
irona
shibafu
chi
ikanai
ikanaide
ikanai
ikanakatta
ikanakutemo
ikanakereba
ikitai
352
ikitai
ikitakatta
ikitakatta
ikitaku
ikinasai
ikimashita
ikimash
ikimasu
ikimase
ikikata
iku
iku
iketara
ikenakatta
ikemasu
ikemase
ikeru
ik
itta
itte
gyretsu
yukuefumei
ki
ifuku
jama
bka
7 Strokes
obasa
hikukutemo
sumanai
sumitai
sumitaku
sumu
sumetara
sumeru
sum
suda
sude
sudeimasu
sudeimasuka
sudeiru
sudemo
jsho
sachikosa
karada
nani
na
nanika
nadesuka
nanidemo
nanimokamo
nani
nasatsu
nafu
nakai
nagakki
nane
naneka
nanichi
nanichika
naji
itsu
najika
naybi
naho
namai
nasai
naba
nanro
nasoku
nake
nashka
tsukutta
tsukutte
tsukurarete
tsukuraremashita
tsukurareru
tsukurimashita
tsukuru
sakuhi
ENJA
sakka
mekyo
mekyotorikeshi
heieki
tsumetai
tsumetakunai
reizko
hajime
hajimete
betsubetsu
wakarete
wakaremashita
tasuke
igaku
igakubu
iry
isha
tamago
hitei
komatte
komarasemasu
kowakushite
koe
utta
utte
uritai
urimashita
urimasu
uriage
urikiremashita
uru
ureru
ane
kydai
kaze
kazeni
kabai
kasei
taishite
taisuru
ENJA
yuka
otto
yaku
wasurete
wasureteha
wasurenaide
wasuremashita
wasuremasu
wasuremase
wasurerukamo
wasuremono
bo
boshimasu
boshimase
bodekiru
kaiteki
gama
hiha
nagetsuketara
nagemashita
nageru
thyke
oraremashita
kyohi
kgeki
jke
koi
kita
kite
konai
konai
konakereba
kinasai
kimashita
kimashitaka
kimasu
kimase
koraremase
korareru
kuru
353
kuru
koremase
raine
raigetsu
raish
raishmatsu
kimeagunete
kimeta
kimete
kimeteimase
kimemashita
kimeraremasu
kimeraremase
ketsuda
ketsuretsu
kisha
saina
rya
rgoku
jky
kurutta
otoko
otokotachi
otokonohito
otokonoko
dasei
machi
shakai
shach
hidekisa
watashi
watashitachi
watashitachi
hijikakeisu
yokatta
ryk
hana
hanako
hanakosa
kabi
geijutsu
mi
miemashita
miemasu
mikaketa
mikakemashita
mikakemase
misete
misebirakashimasu
misemasu
mita
mitai
mitaku
mitakoto
mitsukaranai
mitsukaranai
mitsukaranakattara
mitsukarimashita
mitsukarimase
mitsuketa
mitsuketa
mitsukete
mitsukemashita
mitsukeraremasu
mitsukerareru
mitsukeru
mitsukedasemase
mitsumeru
mite
miteita
miteimasu
354
miteimase
miteiru
mitemo
minakatta
minagara
mini
mimashita
mimashitaka
mimash
mimasu
mimasuka
mimase
mirareta
miru
miru
mireba
miagereba
kegaku
miwatasu
miowatte
miokurareta
kado
kaku

mashita
mash
masu
masuka
mase
iu
iu
ieba
itta
ittakoto
ittara
itte
ittenai
iwanai
iwanaide
iwanakutemo
iwarete
iwaremashita
kotoba
gego
gegonryoku
aka
akai
akacha
sekid
hashirimawatte
hashiritsuzukemashita
hashiru
hashiremasu
ashi
tarinakatta
tarimasu
tarimase
mi
shitai
kuruma
kurumano
kurumajiko
shib
mukae
mukaeni
chikai
chikaku
chikasugimasu
kijo
kaeshimashita
kaeshiwasureta
kaesu
kaettekimasu
heji
satomisa
8 Strokes
narabanaide
koto
jike
ENJA
jikenonetsuz
jimusho
jijitsu
jijitsuj
jiko
kotogara
kasumisa
tsukai
tsukaimasu
tsukaimase
tsukau
tsukaemasu
tsukaemase
tsukatte
tsukawanai
tsukawarete
shiy
tatoeba
kachi
guai
tchaku
sotsugy
sotsugyshita
saka
totta
totte
totteimasu
torarete
torareru
tori
toritsuketa
torikowasare
torikowasarete
torikakarimashita
toru
torenai
toremase
toreru
ukaranai
ENJA
ukaranakereba
ukaru
uketa
uketai
ukenakereba
ukemashita
ukeru
ukeiremase
ukeireraremase
uketorimashita
uketoreru
aji
kuni
kokunai
kokka
kokusaikk
yoru
yonaka
imto
imtosa
hajimatte
hajimari
hajimarimashita
hajimarimasu
hajimaru
hajimeta
hajimete
hajimenakereba
hajimemashita
hajimemasu
hajimeraremasu
hajimeru
manabanai
manabi
manabimashita
manabu
355
manade
gakui
gakumo
gakk
gakusei
gakuseis
ate
takarakuji
mi
jitsu
shjisa
inemuri
todoite
todokimashita
todokimasu
saiwai
saiwaina
mise
misega
tech
tatete
taterare
taterarete
tateraremashita
tatenaosarete
tatemono
kechiku
kesetsukikaku
kez
kare
karera
kanojo
kareshi
kowai
kowakatta
kega
tokoro
iwayuru
shdaku
kakaekode
teik
oshite
tat
shtai
shtaij
hs
hssaremashita
hssaremasu
koch
noborisa
akiraka
ashita
mukashi
fuku
fukus
higashiafurika
tky
kudamono
aruite
aruiteru
arukanakereba
arukimasu
aruku
hod
nagutta
nagurare
wakashite
futt
futtshimasu
sotte
tomatte
tomattemo
tomari
tomarimashita
tomaru
hgakubu
naite
dorob
356
chi
chmoshita
oyoide
oyogi
oyogimashita
oyogimase
oyogemasu
mono
bukka
monogatari
gaka
naoshimashita
naoshimasu
naoseru
chokuts
shitta
shitte
shirase
shirasete
shirasemashita
shiraseru
shiranai
shiranai
shiritai
shiritagatte
shirimashita
shirimase
shiriai
shiriaimashita
shiriatte
inotte
inotteiru
sora
suite
aite
aiteimasu
suiteimase
aiteiru
sukimashita
akiya
ake
karappo
kki
kk
kata
sodatta
sodatete
wakai
wakakatta
wakasugimasu
kurushide
nigate
hidekisa
eigo
eigonoshsetsu
hy
kanemochi
kiybi
nagai
nagaiaida
nagakatta
nagaku
nagakusuru
nagakute
mo
futte
futtemo
furanai
furanaide
oris
furis
furimashita
orimashita
orimasu
furimasu
furimasuka
furimase
oriru
furitsuzuite
furu
ENJA
kagiri
ame
ao
aoi
aoiro
hi
9 Strokes
nosete
notta
notte
notteiru
notteha
noranaide
norimashita
norimash
norimasu
norimase
norikaenakereba
noru
noremasu
noreru
shiny
hozo
hoka
hokekaisha
shijite
shijimase
shijirarenai
shijiru
shig
shirai
shri
shrich
shridai
shrikj
shrihiy
bke
bkeryok
sotte
mae
ENJA
yki
beky
bekyshi
bekyshite
minamiamerika
nabei
nabu
kaeru
kaekata
hena
kawatte
kawaranakereba
kawarimase
kawaritsuzukete
kawaru
keiyaku
keiyakuki
sugata
kyaku
ft
sek
sey
semo
okuj
yane
hiru
hirugoha
hirugoha
hiruma
niwa
teie
teiezetai
matasaremashita
matasemasu
matanakutemo
matanakereba
357
machitai
machitaku
machimashita
machimash
machimase
machitsuzukete
machitsuzukeru
matsu
matta
matte
matteimasu
matteiru
mattemo
matsu
taiki
ato
go
nochi
atode
ushiro
kretsu
kkai
okotte
okorasetara
okoranaide
ikari
donatte
donarimashita
omoi
omoitsukanakatta
omoimasu
omoimase
omoiyari
omoidasasete
om
omottaij
omotte
omotteimashita
omowazu
omowarete
namakesugi
isoida
isoide
isoganai
kyge
kysoku
ksei
fukimashita
motanaide
motanakutemo
mochimashita
mochimasu
mochimase
motte
motteite
motemase
shitei
shiteki
shiji
yubiwa
hasamaretemo
hasade
seifu
seiji
seijika
kosh
hoshi
hoshitachi
eiga
eigadai
eigaka
sakuya
kin
sakuba
nokoshimashita
nokotte
358
nokorimasu
zane
yfuku
arai
araimashita
araimasu
araimase
arau
aratta
aratte
setakki
setakuzumi
te
shrai
hitori
hitorizumai
hitorigoto
dokuritsu
dokushi
semai
semakute
hatsumei
happ
hakke
aite
kagoshi
suna
sat
keky
sobo
sofu
iwaimashita
shukufuku
kagakusha
kagakushatachi
kamoku
totsuze
kimikosa
yakusoku
yakusokushite
oish
michikosa
taenakereba
yky
ykyshi
keikaku
oimashita
makemashita
futa
mayoimase
maigo
meiwaku
oitsukimasu
oikosu
doite
tashita
okutte
okuraremashita
okurimashita
okurimasu
okuru
okur
nigedasu
nogarey
gyaku
omoi
jsh
jdaisa
jyna
jryage
med
mesetsu
omoshiroi
omoshirokatta
omoshiroku
meda
meshiki
oto
ogaku
kaze
kaze
ENJA
tobasanai
tobashite
tobashisugi
tobasu
tobimashita
tobimasu
tobimase
tobidashite
tobikode
tobu
tode
hikki
kuimase
tabe
tabeta
tabetai
tabetaku
tabetakunai
tabeta
tabete
tabetemo
tabenai
tabenaide
tabenai
tabenagara
tabenakereba
tabeni
tabemashita
tabemash
tabemasu
tabemase
taberaremase
taberareru
taberu
tabekiremase
tabemono
tabesugi
shokujidai
shuto
ENJA
hoko
kossetsu
10 Strokes
haiysa
taosareta
taoshite
taores
karisugita
karita
karite
karitemo
karinakereba
karimasu
kariru
kariru
neda
keichi
keichisa
kek
kekmodai
kejisa
ktte
gei
tetsugaku
maissuru
natsu
natsuyasumi
ie
ieni
ienushi
ienushitachi
kagu
kazoku
yachi
yi
ygisha
shasatsu
tejikaij
shima
seki
kaetta
359
kaetta
kaette
kaetteiru
kaeranakutemo
kaeranakereba
kaeritai
kaeritagatteimasu
kaeritaku
kaerimashita
kaerimash
kaerimasu
kaerimasuka
kaerimase
kaeru
kaeru
kaeremasu
suwatta
suwatte
suwattenaide
suwatteha
suwattemo
suwatteru
suwari
suwaritai
suwarimashita
suwarimasu
suwaru
suwareru
suwar
itoko
koi
osoraku
osorete
osorosh
osoroshiku
hajiteimasu
musuko
keiko
keikosa
emi
emisa
nayami
aisatsu
futtara
futte
furikaeru
tsukamarimashita
ssaha
ryri
ryki
tabi
ryok
ryoksuru
ryokpura
ryokkaisha
ryoka
tokidoki
jidaiokure
jikoku
tokei
jisoku
jisokunihyakkiro
jika
jikadri
kaita
kaita
kaite
kakimashita
koki
anaijh
satsuji
satsujijike
satsujiygisha
satsujiha
rych
umi
umibe
keshita
keshitemo
360
keshimashita
keshiwasureteha
shsoku
shbtai
shbta
tokubetsuna
tokku
tokky
tsukare
tsukareta
tsukarete
tsukaremashita
tsukaremasu
tsukaremase
tsukareru
tsukarehatete
byki
byi
manaka
shikena
majime
nemuku
nemuri
nemurenaku
nemuremashita
nemuremase
himitsu
warai
waratte
egao
juko
jukosa
kami
kamibukuro
suteki
subarash
subarashikatta
soboku
nbe
nioi
nimotsu
kabutte
higai
tro
kiny
zaimumodai
zaimujky
saifu
zaisa
okita
okite
okinai
okinakereba
okimashita
okimasu
okiru
okiremase
okosanai
okosaremashita
okosaremase
okoshita
okotta
okotte
okotteha
okoranakatta
okorimashita
okorimasu
okorimase
okoru
toch
tri
trimasu
trimase
trisugita
tsj
tskni
tsrogawa
tska
hayai
ENJA
hayakatta
hayaku
sokudo
tsukutte
tsukurareteimasu
tsukuraremashita
tsukuritai
reraku
rerakusaki
bubu
heya
ybiposuto
ybikyoku
ybiyasa
ybibag
tokai
tsug
toshi
kubatte
kubararemashita
chisa
uejini
uma
bakana
takai
takaimono
takakatta
takakunai
takakunakatta
takakunatta
takasugimasu
takahirosa
kk
kkjidai
kkseitachi
ksokudro
takasugimasu
11 Strokes
ENJA
kawaite
tomesasete
tometara
tometemo
tomerareta
tomeraremase
tomeru
soba
gawa
tamani
fukushihaini
ugoite
dki
dbutsu
dbutsue
yutsu
modai
motozuki
ogotte
ogoritai
shukudai
sabish
kifu
tsuyoi
tsuyokatta
tsuyokunai
gt
gtjike
enakereba
emashita
emase
erareru
eru
warui
warukatta
waruku
warukushite
warukutemo
warukunai
waruguchi
361
jh
sji
sjich
jugy
kakete
saiy
saiysaremase
sagashita
sagashite
sagashimashita
sagashimash
sagasu
suiseshita
oshiete
oshiemasu
oshiemase
oshieraremase
oshieru
osowarimashita
kyiku
kotowaru
dage
hashigo
hosh
hoshiku
hoshikereba
kode
kawaite
kawakimashita
sumasete
sumimashita
jtai
neko
sotchokuni
gezai
gebakatoku
gej
geki
ris
riy
rikai
nusumareta
nusumarete
nusumarenai
nusumaremashita
nusumaremase
nusumimashita
nusuda
megane
tsuita
tsuitatoki
tsuite
tsukanakereba
tsukimashita
tsukimashitaka
tsukimasu
tsuku
tsukemasu
tsukemase
kita
kite
kiteimasu
kinakatta
kimashita
kireba
kigaemashita
chakuriku
imi
mado
shkai
oeta
owatta
owatte
owarase
owarasete
362
owarasenakereba
owarasemashita
owari
owarimashita
owarimasu
owarimasuka
owaru
owareba
soshiki
tachimasu
tattemo
keireki
keizai
keizaikiki
keizaimodai
keizaijky
keike
keikefusoku
shka
kyakuho
nuide
fune
fukuro
hmo
yurusarete
yurushite
yurusu
kyoka
mazush
kahei
semeteimasu
sememashita
sekini
kyori
korogeochita
korobimashita
korode
taiho
taihosaremasu
sh
shmatsu
shigaku
shipo
shiksokudo
sugite
sugimasu
ayamachi
kako
kasakasuiso
shakuh
yajiuma
yajiumatachi
yaky
yasai
shimatte
shimarimasu
shimeta
shimeta
shimetemo
shimenakute
shimemash
shimedashite
shimewasuremashita
heisa
hi
yuki
koro
sakana
tori
masui
kuro
12 Strokes
kasa
sonaete
watte
wararemashita
warimashita
ENJA
wareta
waremashita
katsusa
kachimashita
kachimase
katta
kateru
katte
hakubutsuka
nodo
yorokobasete
yorokode
keka
kissate
hd
basho
okusa
samui
samukatta
samuku
samukunai
jimo
tsukimashita
shshoku
arashi
bshi
hte
hiki
hikimasu
hikemasu
hikemasuka
hikemase
hikeru
kanash
kanashiku
gakuzeto
teiky
teikyshi
teikei
teia
kaete
ENJA
chirakashite
sapo
bagoha
bagoha
bameshi
fuda
futs
harete
hareru
atsui
atsukutemo
atsukunai
atsusugimasu
atsusugiru
saich
saitei
saiteishiharaidai
saisho
saigo
saigoni
saiaku
saish
saiki
saik
asa
asagoha
kitai
isu
ueru
shokubutsu
kesa
yashi
kassro
hette
watashite
watashimashita
watashimasu
watasu
wataru
atatakakute
363
mizmi
majrokusai
mitashite
michiafurete
mazoku
taizai
nai
nakushita
nakushite
nakushiteha
nakushimashita
nakushimasu
nakunarimashita
mujitsu
muri
burei
museyobidashiki
muda
kogeta
aseranakutemo
bag
bagumi
itai
yaseta
yaseteimasu
tk
troku
mijikai
mijikaku
mijikakunatta
zeiki
kotae
kotaemase
kotaeraremase
kotaeru
shigaise
kekko
kekkoshite
kekkoshiki
kekkyoku
ketsumatsu
kekka
kekk
kyry
e
zettai
ude
udedokei
ochita
ochite
ochinaide
ochimashita
ochitsuite
ochitsukaseru
otoshita
oboe
oboete
oboeru
uttaemashita
mite
mitemorau
shko
shmei
choki
kai
kaitai
kaitai
kaini
kaimashita
kaimash
kaimasu
kaimase
kaimono
kau
kauto
kaemasu
katta
364
kattara
katta
katte
kawanai
kawanaide
kawanakereba
kashita
kashite
kashitemo
kashimashita
koeru
osoi
osokatta
osoku
osome
okureta
okurete
okurenai
okurenaide
okuremashita
okuremasu
okuremase
okureru
chikoku
chie
asobi
asobu
asoberu
asode
asodeita
u
hakobare
hakobaremashita
hakobu
hakobenai
ud
udsuru
ute
utesuru
utemekyo
uteshoyjikanijika
uteshu
michi
michibata
dro
chigaimashita
chigaimasu
chigau
chigatte
iha
aite
akimashita
akimasu
hirakimasu
ake
aketa
akete
aketemo
akemashita
akemash
akemasu
akeraremase
akerareru
aida
ma
maniaimashita
maniaimasu
machigai
machigaemashita
machigaeru
machigaeyasui
machigatta
shch
yatoimashita
juba
nomanaide
nomitai
nomimashita
ENJA
nomimasu
nomimase
nomimono
nomu
noda
node
ishokushka
ha
haisha
hamigaki
13 Strokes
wazuka
hataraite
hatarakanakereba
hatarakitsuzuketai
hataraku
tsutomete
susumete
nutte
nutteimasu
nutteiru
nuraremashita
nurinaosaremashita
nurinaoshite
nurinaoshimashita
shio
bochi
shittoshitari
iya
kirai
netai
netara
neta
nezurai
nete
netemo
nemashita
ENJA
nemasu
neru
nereru
nekorode
jizejigy
sz
szryoku
imi
ike
ishiki
oroka
ai
aishite
aikosa
kaji
kajimashita
kajimasu
kajimase
kasha
ses
sosh
keitai
keitaidewa
sesshi
skagetsu
sfu
sfuka
sgaku
sne
snemae
sjitsu
snichi
snichika
shyakuma
shyakumako
atarash
atarashiku
shipi
shikase
shibu
shibukisha
365
shisha
shise
hima
himana
atatakai
atatakakute
kurai
kurakatta
kuraku
gymukeikaku
gymubumo
gyseki
raku
tanosh
tanoshikatta
tanoshikute
tanoshimi
tanoshimu
tanoshimemase
tanoshide
gakki
jubi
mettani
urusasugimasu
minoru
setsuyaku
tsuzuite
tsuzukimase
tsuzuku
tsumi
oite
okimashita
oku
urayamashigattari
hara
yameta
yamemashita
jihy
mushiatsui
futa
toku
kaiketsu
kaityshi
sawaruna
fureta
furemashita
shiai

shichaku
shike
shikeseiseki
shi
hanashi
hanasanakatta
hanasanaku
hanasanakereba
hanasarete
hanashita
hanashitai
hanashitakatta
hanashitakunai
hanashite
hanashitemo
hanashimashita
hanashimasu
hanashimase
hanashiai
hanashiaimashita
hanashihajimemashita
hanashitsuzukete
hanashitsuzukemashita
hanasu
hanasete
hanasenai
hanaseba
366
hanasemasu
hanasemasuka
hanasemase
hanaseru
hanashitaku
wadai
kuwashiku
shsai
hokori
tajbi
yutaka
shiry
shikaku
shiki
roj
notteimasu
nj
nso
ti
tsugimasu
tzakeru
tsakeru
tetsudrdshatachi
shheki
kakus
deshikgaku
deki
dewa
dewadai
dewabag
desha
kutsu
gabatte
gabaranakutemo
gabarimashita
gabaru
ame
katte
katteimasu
14 Strokes
akimashita
uso
usotsuita
kychi
fuete
fueteiru
fuemashita
zka
ubatte
kafu
minorusa
narete
narenakatta
narenakereba
naremashita
nareru
samazama
uta
utatte
kashutachi
rekishi
eshutsu
ezetsu
ezetsusha
utagaimase
utagatte
utagawarete
kagoku
katoku
kirei
kireina
kich
sjik
midorro
bakki
kta
kte
ktekimashita
kikanaide
ENJA
kikaremashita
kikitai
kikimashita
kiku
kikoemashita
kikoemasu
kikoemase
kumo
seihi
seizsuru
fukuzatsu
fukuzatsusugimasu
mitomete
mitomemashita
sasoimashita
sasoimash
sasoimasu
sas
sasotta
sasowaremashita
goi
ayamatte
gokai
setsumei
yomanai
yomanakereba
yomimashita
yomimasu
yomimase
yomiyasui
yomu
yoda
yode
dokusho
gseina
nigiyakana
odori
ENJA
odorimashita
odorimasu
tekiy
sg
gik
j
kashite
kasuru
kakei
tonari
zasshi
shizuka
shizukana
shizukani
gyza
eki
kami
kaminoke
naite
natte
narimashita
hana
15 Strokes
kamaremashita
kamareru
uresh
ureshikatta
haite
haku
rishshite
eiky
totte
torimashita
satsuei
bryokuhazai
bfu
yoko
yokogitta
sezaiteki
jukushite
367
netsu
atsui
netsuretsu
kakushi
kakuni
hiza
home
dare
dareka
daredemo
kasaremashita
katei
chshi
chsa
shot
sh
baishki
kashikoi
shitsumo
fumimashita
erade
surudoi
chsha
chshaj
16 Strokes
kabe
kowasarete
kowasaremashita
kowareta
kowarete
kowaremashita
seiri
kumori
hashi
kikai
kikai
kin
koi
moete
moetsukiru
nesh
kakutokushimashita
kakutokudekinai
migakimashita
migakimasu
sekkyokuteki
kymi
oya
shitash
shisetsu
shiy
nazo
akirameteha
akiramemashita
yuny
yushutsu
sakeru
nabe
kagi
atama
zuts
tayotte
tayottemo
tanode
hige
17 Strokes
yasash
yasashisa
ysh
ykosa
odokashita
nuretakunai
nurete
nuremasu
kaky
hitomisa
tsunageteiru
kte
kteita
368
kikimasu
kikoemashita
ke
ayamatte
ayamattemo
ayamaranai
ayamaranakereba
ayamarimasu
ayamaru
kakoku
18 Strokes
kata
hoyaku
shokuni
kakkyaku
kakgy
kakyaku
hanareta
hanarete
hanarenakereba
hanaremashita
hanaremasu
hanareru
hanarereba
kao
so
19 Strokes
korashimemashita
bakuhatsu
kurikaesanakereba
keikoku
ENJA
keisatsu
muzukash
muzukashikatta
muzukashiku
negaimasu
negatte
negatteimasu
20+ Strokes
kys
osowareta
osowarete
odoroite
odoroki
odorokimashita

Campbell M Shirakawa Glossika Japanese Fluency 1 2015

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Campbell M Shirakawa Glossika Japanese Fluency 1 2015

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GMS

Complete Fluency Course

GMS INTENSIVE METHOD

GSR RELAXED METHOD

Features: Sound files have A/B/C formats.

Features: Our sound files include an

English - Target language 2x

English - space - Target 1x

Target language only 1x

Useful for students with more

Useful for people with busy

Set up your schedule. It's your

Set up your schedule. You can

Training Step : Dictation: use

Glossika Mass Sentence Method

FA Persian, PRS Persian-Dari, TGK Tajik,

Glossika Mass Sentences

Glossika Mass Sentences

The majority of foreign language learners are satisfied at a B

way. For example, to say // (IPA writes it as /y/) those books

How to Use GMS and GSR

If this schedule is too difficult to adhere to, or you find that

Build a bridge to your new language through translation. The

Memory, The Brain,

What is the relationship between memory and sleep? Our brain

I dont confuse languages because in my mind every language

hurting yourself in the long run by creating false realities.

If you ever learn new in isolation, you have to start using it

Japonic, possibly Altaic

on [top of], above

jyna, taisetsuna, daijina

when (it happened)

how long, how often

dshite, naze, nande

watashi, boku, atashi, ore, ware

anata, kimi, omae

watashitachi, bokutachi, warera

have done (Perfective)

been there/done it experience

-ta koto wa aru

finished action, to sense

sounds/looks like, seems

must, have to, need to

-ta koto ga aru

-ta koto ga aru

-ta koto wa nai

-ta koto wa nai

or (in questions), or else, otherwise

Glossika Mass Sentences

I'm not rich.

This bag's heavy.

These bags are heavy.

Look, there's my friend.

The weather's nice today.

His mother's at home. He's at school.

kare no oksa wa ie ni ite, kare wa gakk ni imasu.

Her children are at school.

I'm a taxi driver.

My brother and I are good tennis players.

I'm not hungry, but I'm thirsty.

He's sick. He's in bed.

kare wa kaze o hteite, beddo de yoko ni natte imasu.

onaka wa suite imase ga, nodo ga sugoku kawaite imasu.

You're late. No, I'm not! I'm early.