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2X2
2X6
2x3
Extended deltaconnection
2X2
3 Phase 3 winding
2X2
Converter Transformer....
Design
active part
Valve Winding (Y)
Tap Winding
Line Winding
HV-Terminal
Neutral-Terminal
Simplified connection of
line windings and tap windings
Winding and core arrangement
Polarity Reversal
Voltage Distribution in Oil Barrier System
Impedance variation influence
On load Tap Changer
Harmonic Currents
Losses
DC Magnetisation
Short Circuit Forces
DC Bushings
AC
DC
Insulation Design
When changing over from one tap to next, the current in the leaving
tap has to be broken during the normal current zero passage.
Yoke shunts are used to contain and direct the above leakage
flux to core
Losses.
Load Losses I2R + Stray loss from circulating currents in windings & metallic parts
from leakage flux
Circulating current depend on rate of change in winding current and thus leakage
flux.
With stepwise change in load current during commutation from one valve to
another, the induced voltages will be fairly high to create circulating currents. So
stray losses are increased compared to conventional power transformers.
High percentage of harmonic currents in the load current causes higher load losses
compared to normal transformers
DC Magnetization.
Resulting forces on the winding can be larger than for the normal power
transformers where the asymmetry decays rapidly.
DC Bushing.
To avoid chances of phase to ground short circuits, valve side bushings are
located inside the valve hall. This also reduces the pollution related
flashovers and consequent short circuit.
Converter Transformer
Design
Interface: DC bushings (Basslink)
Converter Transformer
Few Formula..
Rectifier mode
U d = 1 . 35 U cos
L Id
Inverter mode
U d = (1.35 U cos
L I d )
Overlap
cos( + ) = cos
+ + =
2 L I d
U
Converter Transformer
Tests
required acc. to IEC 60076-1, ~-3, IEC61378-2
routine
tests
meas of DC wind. res.
meas. of voltage ratio and check of phase
displacement
meas. of s/c imp. and load loss
meas. of no load loss and current
at fr and Ur
dielectric routine tests (for
Um>300kV)
LI (for line & neutral, principal and extr. neg. Ut
taps)
SI
ACLD (AC long duration), sine wave>>fr,
100%Utrms(60s)
seperate source AC (applied potential
test)
seperate source DC volt. withstand incl
PD meas.
polarity reversal test
Converter Transformer
Tests
type
tests
temp.rise
test
dielectric type tests
IEC 60076-3
sound
power level
sound power level of cooling
equipment
IEC 60076-10
IEC 60076-3
IEC 60076-10
special
tests
1-ph.:
IEC 60076-3, cl.12.2 &
U2=1.5*U 12.3
m/Wurzel
(3)
IEC 60076-5
IEC 60551
IEC 60076-1, 10.6
Standards:
Standards:
6) IEEE Std. 1158-1991 (R 1996) Recommended Practice for
Determination of Power losses in HVDC converter stations.
7) IEEE Std. C57.19.03 - 1996 Standard Requirements,
Terminology and Test Code for Bushings for DC applications.
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