Eccentric Connections Shear

Eccentrically loaded bolt groups

Ultimate Strength (Plastic Analysis)

Uses

Instantaneous Center of Rotation (I.C.)

most rational method

Elastic (Vector) Analysis

Assumed rotation about the C.G. of bolt group

Pu

CG

Instantaneous Center (I.C.)

Accounts for translation and rotation

Pu

CG

CG

IC?

Pu

IC?

CG

P
d

yo

CG

IC?

xo

Ri
di

IC

CG

qi

How do we know if our guess

for the I.C. is correct?

P
d
Ri

di

qi

Fx 0
n

R sin q P sind 0
i

i 1

Fy 0
n

yo

CG

R cos q P cosd 0
i

i 1

IC

M 0
xo

R d P(e x cosd y sin d ) 0

i i

i 1

Load-Deformation (AISC Fig. 7-3)

Ri Rult(1 e

10 0.55

2.718
tuAb
where tu is ~70% of Fub
(from experiments)

Alternatively, use shear

strength of bolt as calculated
by LRFD for Rult
Fig. 7-3, for one ASTM A325 bolt
in single shear, from tests (Fisher)

NOTE max

P
d
Ri

di

qi

Fx 0
n

R sin q P sind 0
i

i 1

yo

Fy 0

CG

IC

R cos q P cosd 0
i

xo

i 1

M 0
n

Ri Rult(1 e

10 0.55

R d P(e x cosd y sin d ) 0

i i

i 1

Iterative process required to solve!

P
d
R

i
Shear) - Ultimate Strength
Method
e

=0

di

yo

CG
0.875

Dia.

qi

Eccentricity (in)
de i
max 7.5

in

d max

IC
xo

max
dmax

0.34
6.80

Spacing (in)
x

From tests
~ 0.34

cos q

wrt IC
xi

yi

di

Ri

0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2

-3
0
3
6

3.01
0.20
3.01
6.00

0.15
0.01
0.15
0.30

25.13
7.92
25.13
28.07

Rixi/di

Ridi

1.67
75.57
7.92
1.58
Fy and75.57
M
1.67
0.93
168.49

Salmon et al., 4.11 (b)

Pu

3 @ 3

A36 Plate
Calculate maximum
load, Pu
Use ultimate
strength method
7/8 A325N bolts

Plate
3

Suppose, for this example, that we

have determined that bolt shear
capacity controls over bolt bearing

Spreadsheet

Define bolt group, etc.

e
Pu
5

y
6

IC

CG

7
8

Bolt Properties, define bolt group, eccentricity, etc.

Locate bolts wrt C.G. Calculate wrt guess for I.C.

Note, maximum defined as 0.34, as shown in tests

Note: Ri calculated based on Rn according to AISC

0.563Fub for X or 0.450Fub for N (instead of tu)

Fy, M, Fx
f applied here

M=
(Pu)(e+xocosd+yosind)

Note: this spreadsheet set up for yo = 0 and d = 0

AISC Table 7-7

(Tables 7-6 to 7-13 for Bolt Groups)

Interpolate for ex = 7.5 in C=3.1

Interpolation within tables OK; interpolation between

tables not OK (use next lower angle of loading)

7/8 A325N bolts

3 @ 3

Pu

f Rn Cf rn
f Rn 3.1x 24.3 75.3kips

Plate
3