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Waffle slab has a thick solid-slab floor from which the bottom layer concrete in
tension is partially replaced by their ribs along orthogonal directions. The ri
bs are reinforced with steel
Single waffle column panel Four-waffle column panel Beam support * Solid column
panels resist shear
WAFFLE SLAB VS
TWO WAY SLAB RIBBED SLAB ONE WAY JOIST SLAB
Waffle slab
Waffle slabs are two-way spanning slabs whose beams are at very close centers ef
ficient structurally for heavier loading situations and longer spans in concrete
. Extra depth of the slab which gives more span/load capacity does not create de
ad weight in the middle of the span. columns dont have to line up. This gives exc
eptional flexibility in column layout. Slab thickness above the pans is usually
4 to 6 Inches
thin topping slab and narrow ribs spanning
wall partitions that have to meet the slab can really only fall on the joists. T
his makes curved partitions very hard to build
Ribbed slab
made up of wide band beams running between columns with equal depth narrow ribs
spanning the orthogonal direction. A thick top slab completes the system.
Longer spans with heavy loads (1215m) Reduction in dead loads due to voids Electr
ical and mechanical installations can be placed between voids Good resistance to
vibrations
DISADVANTAGE Only moderate and uniformly distributed load can be accommodated
Waffle slab
deeper than the equivalent ribbed slab Suitable for heavy loads Only moderate and
uniformly distributed load can be accommodated
the slab is less thicker for two way slab Less concrete in the center, lower dea
d weight
not much reinforcing in the one way slab lighting, ducts are harder to place her
e because it is almost impossible to put a hole big enough for a duct through th
e joist band.
ADVANTAGES
Medium spans Lightweight Level soffit Profile may be expressed architecturally,
or used for heat transfer allows a considerable reduction in dead load as compar
ed to conventional flat slab construction since the slab thickness can be minimi
zed due to the short span between the joists
DISADVANTAGES
Higher formwork costs than for standard moulds and other slab systems Slow. Diff
icult to prefabricate reinforcement Work quality and precision not easy to contr
ol Labour safety at risk Tuff to shorten the construction time.
CASESTUDY
MUSEUM OF ISLAMIC ARTS ..
Architect: I.M. Pei Architect
CONSTRUCTION
Plastic domes
post-tensioned waffle slab construction
NEW TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTION
The number of strands in each rib is typically limited to one or two, with botto
m rebar not exceeding two (12mm). Where design requirements demand more reinforc
ement that is generally assigned to a typical interior waffle stem, solid strips
along the lines of supports is used to accommodate the excess of reinforcement.
With larger loads and longer spans, such as is common in department stores a he
avier solid slab band between the supports accommodates the overage of reinforce
ment from the individual waffle stems in each direction
DEFLECTION AFTER POST TENSIONING