trauma

Systemic inflammation response system

The damage incited by the inflammatory
response is widespread and has been described
as a pan-endothelial effect because of the
distribution of endothelial tissue in blood vessels
throughout the body; this effect appears to
explain the systemic nature of sepsis.

SIRS + infection =
Sepsis

cytokines, in turn interact with endothelial cells and thereby

cause injury to the endothelium and possibly the death
(apoptosis) of endothelial cells. These interactions lead to
the activation of coagulation factors. In very small blood
vessels (microvessels), the coagulation response, in
combination with endothelial damage, may impede blood
flow and cause the vessels to become leaky. As fluid and
microorganisms escape into the surrounding tissues, the
tissues begin to swell

Cell
death

Cytokines causes
vasodilation

Severe hypotension and increased capillary

permeability

= decreased BP
Leakage of blood and fluid shift causing poor
perfusion of blood in other organs

Tissue hypoxia

Lactate by product

Decreased renal blood flow

Lactate is a natural byproduct of a

body's metabolism a and buildup in the
muscles and blood when cells are not
getting enough oxygen.

Lactic acidosis
.

Death

Renal failure

sodium and water retention

edema
blood in urine
hyper or hypokalemia

Hyperbilirubenima
Liver perfusion is
represented by 25%
cardiac output

Impaired motility
Changes in bacterial
flora
Ulcers

Increased Cardiac Output for

compensation
Will eventually lead to muscular
exhaustion

Shortness of breath

Possible cardiac failure or myocardial

infarction @ right side of the heart d/t
hypoxia and compensation

Pulmonary edema
Weakness in muscles
Hypoxemia / arterial
hypoxemia
Lung diseases such as
pneumonia

Consciousness
gets disturbed
Reduction in the
ability to focus
Problems related
to memory,
perception, and
orientation takes
place