Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Part
Topic Collection
Parametric Technology Corporation
6 September 2000
Table of Contents
About Holes........................................................................................................ 23
To Create a Straight Hole.................................................................................. 23
Example: Creating a Straight Hole................................................................... 24
To Create a Sketched Hole ............................................................................... 25
To Create a Standard Hole................................................................................ 26
Hole Charts......................................................................................................... 26
Thread Note Formatting .................................................................................... 27
To Place a Hole .................................................................................................. 28
Specifying Dimension References for Placing a Hole ................................... 28
To Specify References for a Radial Hole......................................................... 29
Tip: Placing a Hole on a Concave Surface ...................................................... 29
To Create a Shaft ............................................................................................... 30
Example: Creating a Shaft ................................................................................ 30
To Create a Neck................................................................................................ 30
Example: Neck Feature ..................................................................................... 31
To Create a Flange............................................................................................. 31
Example: Creating a Flange.............................................................................. 32
To Create an Edge Chamfer.............................................................................. 33
Example: Defining an Edge Chamfer............................................................... 33
To Create a Corner Chamfer............................................................................. 33
Example: Corner Chamfer ................................................................................ 34
About a Rib Feature........................................................................................... 34
Example: Straight and Rotational Ribs ........................................................... 35
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About Holes
Use the Hole dialog box to create many types of axially-revolved cutout geometries. Holes can be straightsided, user-sketched custom shapes, or based on engineering standard fasteners. Holes can be treated with
standard counterbores and countersinks, can extend to many different depth constraints, and can have
different tip geometries. Holes by definition create axes of revolution. The user can choose whether to
create surfaces that represent threads.
- Straight holeAn extruded cut with a circular section. It begins at the placement surface and
extends to the specified end surface or user-defined depth.
- Sketched holeA revolved feature defined by a sketched section. A tapered hole could be created
as a sketched hole.
- Standard holeA combination of sketched and extruded geometry. It is based on industrystandard fastener tables. You can calculate either the tapped or clearance diameter appropriate to
the selected fastener. You can use system-supplied standard lookup tables for these diameters or
create your own.
The Hole feature is different from a cut in the following ways:
- The Hole feature has a predefined placement scheme that can be more desirable than the
dimensioning scheme of a cut.
- Straight holes do not require a sketch.
You must select the options to determine the dimensioning scheme for placement, whether it is straight or
sketched. If you choose straight or standard, you must also specify where the hole terminates. You can
change the placement constraints for an existing hole and the dimensioning scheme for a blind hole.
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6. Click the checkmark button at the bottom left of the dialog box to create the hole. If you want to create
another hole, click the repeat button at the bottom right of the dialog box.
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Right
The bottom surface will be aligned with the primary reference and the hole cut from the part interior.
Right
The "top" surface will be aligned with the primary reference.
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Hole Charts
Hole charts are used to lookup diameters for a given fastener size. You can create custom hole charts and
specify their directory location with the configuration file option hole_parameter_file_path.
Note: UNC, UNF and ISO hole charts are supplied with Pro/ENGINEER. These charts are located in the
loadpoint and should not be changed.
Create hole charts as space-delimited text files with names in the following format:
????.hol
where '????' is a string of no more than four characters that appears in the Thread Series list box in the
HOLE dialog box (for example, UNC), and is usually the thread series for the chart.
Hole charts have two main portions, TABLE_DATA and THREAD_DATA.
TABLE_DATA portion
TABLE_DATA contains the following rows:
PROE_VERSIONThe release for which the hole chart was created (for example, 2000i2).
THREAD_SERIESThe name of the hole chart; this usually corresponds to the filename.
THREAD_CLASSThe tolerance class for the hole chart and a parameter that will be visible in the
Thread Note (for example, 2b or H).
TABLE_UNITSThe measurement system for the hole chart; value is either inch or metric.
DEPTH_RATIOThe relationship between the thread depth and the drill depth (for example, 1.25).
When you enter either the thread depth or the drill depth in the HOLE dialog box, the other value is
calculated automatically using this ratio. Drill Depth is Thread Depth multiplied by Depth Ratio.
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Note: You can override the default relationship of the depth ratio by entering both the Drill Depth and
the Thread Depth values in the HOLE dialog box. The limit on the values is as follows:
- Drill Depth must be greater than or equal to Thread Depth.
CALLOUT_FORMATThe format of thread notes created or shown in the model and drawing. This is
not a place to add text to a note, but a place to define the way that the text of a note appears.
THREAD_DATA portion
THREAD_DATA is a table of the values for the hole parameters. The first row of this portion is the
column headers, and the following rows are unique records whose first column represents the screw sizes
that will appear in the Screw Size list in the HOLE dialog box according to the chosen standard. The
column headers are:
FASTENER_IDWhat shows in the Screw Size list in the HOLE dialog box.
BASIC_DIAMThe fastener diameter.
THREADThreads per inch, or pitch (if metric).
TAP_DRLetter, fraction, number, or metric drill standard size.
TAP_DECDecimal size in inch or metric of the tap drill. This value appears in the diameter list box
in the Dimension area of the HOLE dialog box. (See Note below.)
PERCENT_THREADRatio describing the actual engagement of fastener threads.
CLEAR_DR_CLOSEClearance drill, for close clearances.
CLOSE_DEC Decimal size in inch or metric of the close clearance drill. This value appears in the
diameter list box in the Dimension area of the HOLE dialog box. (See Note below.)
CLEAR_DR_MEDClearance drill, for medium clearances.
MEDIUM_DEC Decimal size in metric of the medium clearance drill. This value appears in the
diameter list box in the Dimension area of the HOLE dialog box. (See Note below.)
CLEAR_DR_FREEClearance drill for free clearances.
FREE_DEC Decimal size in inch or metric of the free clearance drill. This value appears in the
diameter list box in the Dimension area of the HOLE dialog box. (See Note below.)
Each row requires a value in each column.
If a value requires spaces, fill the space with a dash. For example, the screw size 1.125 inch (1 and 1/8
inch) should look like 1-1/8 in the THREAD_DATA table.
Note: For the TAP_DEC, CLOSE_DEC, MEDIUM_DEC, and FREE_DEC values, the user cannot edit
the value in the list box, unless the configuration file option hole_diameter_override is set to
yes. The default for this configuration file option is no. To prevent overrides of the system setting,
include the hole_diameter_override option in a config.sup file.
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Use the following text in the CALLOUT_FORMAT field of the hole chart:
&Screw_size &Thread_Series - &Thread_Class TAP <CTRL-a>x<CTRL-b>
&Thread_depth / &Number_Size DRILL (&Diameter ) <CTRL-a>x<CTRL-b>
&Drill_Depth -- (&Pattern_No ) HOLE
Example of Metric Countersink Note
To display the following note,
Use the following text in the CALLOUT_FORMAT field of the hole chart:
&Diameter DRILL THRU, <CTRL-a>?<CTRL-b> - &Cbore_diameter x
&Cbore_angle <CTRL-a>?<CTRL-b> / &Metric_size x &Pitch PLUG TAP
<CTRL-a>x<CTRL-b> &Tap_Depth
To Place a Hole
The placement sequence involves two stepsselecting the placement surface on which the feature is
created and determining the dimension references.
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Linear References
To specify the references for a linear scheme, pick two edges, planar surfaces, or axes, or any combination
thereof (see the next figure).
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To Create a Shaft
Shafts are analogous to sketched holes. Both are created by sketching sections of revolution then placing
them on the model. However, shafts add material instead of removing it.
1. As with sketched holes, you must sketch the centerline axis of revolution as vertical, and
2. Place the topmost portion of the section on the placement plane.
3. Because material is added for a shaft, the shaft projects away from the part instead of into the part.
Note: The Shaft option on either the SOLID menu or the Insert menu is available when the configuration
file option allow_anatomic_features is set to yes.
To Create a Neck
A neck is a special type of revolved slot that creates a groove around a revolved part or feature.
You always create a neck on a Through > Axis datum plane and sketch it inside the part. You must align
both ends of the section to the revolved surface of the parent feature.
1. Choose Neck from the SOLID menu, or choose Insert > Advanced > Neck.
2. Choose an option from the ANGLE menu to specify the number of degrees in the revolution.
3. Create or select a Through > Axis datum plane as the sketching plane.
4. Sketch the neck cross section open with the ends aligned to the silhouette edge of the part or feature.
5. Sketch the centerline that becomes the axis of rotation.
In creating a neck, Pro/ENGINEER revolves the section around the part to the specified angle measure,
removing the material inside the section.
Note: The Neck option on either the SOLID menu or the Insert menu is available when the configuration
file option allow_anatomic_features is set to yes.
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Section
Section
To Create a Flange
Choose Flange from the SOLID menu, or choose Insert > Advanced > Flange.
Choose an option from the ANGLE menu to specify the number of degrees of revolution.
Set up or select a Through/Axis datum plane as the sketching plane.
Sketch the flange cross section open with the ends aligned to the silhouette edge of the revolved part or
feature.
5. Sketch the centerline that will become the axis of rotation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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A flange is analogous to a neck, except it adds material to the revolved solid. Therefore, you should sketch
the section outside the part.
Note: The Flange option on either the SOLID menu or the Insert menu is available when the configuration
file option allow_anatomic_features is set to yes.
Section
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Part
d
d
d
45
90
45 x d
dxd
d1
d
d2
angle
Reference
surface
Reference
surface
d1 x d2
Ang x d
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3. The system displays the PICK/ENTER menu, which allows you to specify the location of the chamfer
vertex on the highlighted edge. The PICK/ENTER menu options are as follows:
- Pick PointPick a point on the highlighted edge to define the chamfer distance along that edge.
- Enter-inputType in a value for the chamfer distance along the highlighted edge.
4. Pick or enter values to describe the chamfer lengths along the edge. After you have selected the first
vertex, Pro/ENGINEER highlights the other edges, one at a time, so you can place the other two
vertices
5. Click OK in the dialog box.
Straight Ribs
Ribs that are not created on Through/Axis datum planes are extruded symmetrically about the sketching
plane. You must still sketch the ribs as open sections.
Because you are sketching an open section, Pro/ENGINEER may be uncertain about the side to which to
add the rib. The system displays the DIRECTION menu after the rib section has been regenerated.
Pro/ENGINEER adds all material in the direction of the arrow. If the incorrect choice is made, modify the
arrow direction using the FEAT menu option Redefine.
Rotational Ribs
You create rotational ribs on Through > Axis datum planes. You sketch the rib to the silhouette of the
parent feature. To create the solid geometry, Pro/ENGINEER revolves the section about the axis of the
parent, making a wedge that is symmetrical about the sketching plane. Pro/ENGINEER then trims the
wedge with two planes parallel to the sketching surface; the distance between these planes corresponds to
the thickness of the rib.
You can place a rotational rib on any surface of revolution. Note that the angled surface of the rib is
conical, not planar.
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Result
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Rotational rib
Top view (conical surface is indicated by arrow)
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Definition
Uses
USER-DEFINED
FEATURE (UDF)
GROUP
Definition
Uses
Important aspects
of UDFs
Definition
Uses
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copy feature will not be copied. To avoid this, use Mirror Geom.
- You may not mirror or use the Same Refs option without also copying the features that own the
references if those references have been consumed in the process of feature creation (for example,
the edge reference of a round is consumed after the round is created).
- When you copy a round with user-modified transitions, only default transitions are copied with the
round.
- If there is ambiguity between the new and old references, the system will issue additional prompts
(for example, if one of references is a datum plane, the system will ask you to select the side of the
plane to use).
For specifics of copying features in Assembly mode, see the following section.
To Copy Features
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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external references.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Retrieve the part or assembly from which you want copy features.
Return to your destination model and choose FEAT > Copy.
Choose Same Refs, FromDifVers, and Done from the COPY FEATURE menu.
Select a model from which to copy the features. To indicate the source model, the system prompts you
to click in the model window; this activates this model so you can select the features to copy.
5. Select the features to be copied and choose Done from the SELECT FEAT menu. After you select the
features, the destination model becomes active again.
6. The dialog box appears.
7. The system prints the units in the Message Window. Specify the placement scale. Choose Done from
the SCALE menu.
8. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system copies the selected features into the current model,
keeping the same references.
Note: If a reference is missing in the destination model, the system instructs you to respecify all feature
references. To define a missing reference, choose Alternate and pick a reference on the model.
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The copy and translation process automatically creates a group for the geometry and its dimensions. You
can use the Ungroup option in the GROUP menu to allow independent selection of the individual
dimensions and redefinition of the features.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
- X-hatching(Optional) Add cross-hatching to the area bounded by the curve. This element is
available only for closed sections.
Set up a sketching plane using the SETUP SK PLN and SETUP PLANE menus.
Select the direction of viewing by choosing Flip or Okay from the DIRECTION menu.
Set up a horizontal or vertical reference for sketching.
Sketch the curve and dimension it. Choose Done to exit Sketcher.
To add cross-hatching, choose X-hatching and Define from the dialog box. Choose one of the options
in the DISPLAY HATCH menu, followed by Done. The options are as follows:
- DisplayCrosshatch the area bounded by a closed loop section. The cross-hatch will be visible in
all modes (if you have Pro/DETAIL), but is modifiable in Drawing mode only.
- No DisplayDo not create any crosshatching.
Choose OK from the dialog box.
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The ".ibl" file format is very much like that of a blend file, except you should precede the coordinates of
each segment of the curve with both "begin section" and "begin curve". Two points in a section define a
line, while more than two define a spline.
To connect curve segments, make sure the coordinates of the first point are the same as the last point in the
previous section.
You can redefine datum curves that are created from a file and you can trim or split them with other curves
that are imported from a file.
Choose Insert > Datum > Curve or click the curve button on the datums toolbar.
Choose Use Xsec and Done from the OPTIONS menu.
Select a planar cross section from the namelist menu of all the available cross sections.
The cross-section boundary is used to create a datum curve. If a cross section has more than one chain,
each chain has a composite curve.
Note: You can not use a boundary from an offset cross section to create a datum curve.
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a. Offset direction
b. Reference curve, on surface
c. Surface from which to offset
d. Start point
The graph feature controls the offsets from the surface. A value of 0 on the graph causes the curve to touch
the surface.
a.
Start point
a.
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Start point
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a.
b.
Choose Insert > Datum > Curve > From Curve > Done.
Select a curve to offset from.
Select a surface along which to offset the curve.
A red arrow shows the direction of offset. Choose Flip or Okay from the DIRECTION menu.
Enter the offset distance.
a.
b.
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Reference boundary
Vertices
Part
After
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For example, when three patches meet at a common vertex on the boundary of a quilt and there is more
than one two-sided edge at the vertex, the system will not know your design intent if you are trying to
offset inside the boundaries.
Choose Insert > Datum > Curve > 2 Projections > Done.
Select a sketching plane and reference plane for the first curve.
Sketch the curve and choose Done.
Select a sketching plane and reference plane for the second curve. Sketch the curve and choose Done.
Pro/ENGINEER creates the two-projection datum curve.
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Z
Z
Cylindrical
Z
Z
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Spherical
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New coordinate
system origin
Y
Ty
Tz
Tx
Y1
X1
Z1
The X-axis direction is determined from the matrix file and is then translated to the new coordinate system
origin.
The XY-plane is constructed from the second vector in the file and translated to the new coordinate system
origin.
X1 X2 X3 TX
Y1 Y2 Y3 TY
Z1 Z2 Z3 TZ
d
c
b
a
a. Determines the X-axis direction.
b. Determines the vector that lies in the XY-plane and the general direction of the Y-axis.
c. Can be anything, because the Z-axis is determined using the right hand rule.
d. Translation coordinate locates the origin of the new coordinate system.
For example, the file below creates a new coordinate system with the origin at (200, 0, 150), as determined
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from the reference coordinate system. The new X-axis is pointing in the negative X-direction and the new
Y-axis is pointing in the positive Z-direction, all relative to the reference coordinate system.
Sample Transformation File
About Graphs
A graph feature allows you to associate a function with the part. Graphs are intended for use in relations,
especially in multi-trajectory sweeps.
Pro/ENGINEER usually evaluates a graph feature for its defined X-axis values. When the graph is
evaluated beyond the defined range, Pro/ENGINEER extrapolates the Y-axis values.
The system calculates the extrapolated value for values of X lower than the initial value by extending a
tangent line back from the initial point.
Similarly, the system calculates the extrapolated value for values of X greater than the final value by
extending a tangent line out from the final point.
A graph feature is not displayed anywhere on the partit is not part geometry. Its existence is reflected in
the part information. Use Sel By Menu to pick the name of the graph feature.
You can view or modify existing graph features using the Modify and Redefine commands.
To Create a Graph
1. Choose Datum > Graph.
2. Enter a name for the graph.
3. Sketch the graph. The section must be open and can contain only one contour (chain) that can consist of
lines, arcs, splines, and so on. Each point along the X-axis can have only one corresponding Y value.
4. Create a coordinate system.
5. Choose Done to exit Sketcher. Pro/ENGINEER creates the graph feature.
y
x
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Invalid graph
Multiple solutions
y
x
To Redefine a Graph
Redefining a graph feature allows you to change its name as well as its section.
1. Choose Redefine from the FEAT menu.
2. Select the graph feature using the options Sel By Menu and Name. Select the name from the NAMES
menu.
3. The system prompts you to enter a new name for the graph. You can enter a new name without
invalidating relations. To keep the same name, press ENTER.
4. Choose one of the following options from the REDEFINE menu, followed by Done:
- SectionRedefine the section of the graph. This allows you to modify sketcher geometry.
- SchemeRedefine the dimensioning scheme for the graph.
5. Modify the section or dimensioning scheme.
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- Min RadiusMeasure the minimum radius of any revolved surface using the MIN RADIUS and
GET SELECT menus. The system places a red circle or cross hair marker temporarily at a location
on the minimum radius.
- Srf ClearanceMeasure the clearance between two surfaces.
DeleteDelete an existing measurement parameter.
RedoRedefine a measurement parameter.
InfoDisplay measurement information for all the parameters.
ShowHighlight the references of the selected measurement parameters.
3. Choose Create from the MEASURE PARAM menu and name the measurement parameter.
4. Choose the GET MEASURE option.
5. When you have made all the desired measurements, choose Done from the MEASURE PARAM menu.
Creating Features
There are many kinds of features that you can create on a part. There are solid features and surface
features, and features specific to applications. Part modeling refers to the creation of solid features and
some user-defined features.
Some features add material and some remove material. The most basic way to add material is through a
protrusion. The most basic way to remove material is through a cut. Click the See Also link to access help
on these features.
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Extrude
Revolve
1
Axis of revolution
Smooth Blend
1
2
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Subsection 1
Part
2
3
Subsection 2
Subsection 3
Straight Blend
1
2
1
2
3
Subsection 1
Subsection 2
Subsection 3
Sweep
Trajectory
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Thin features follow the contour of the part if an endpoint of the section is on a part edge.
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1
2
3
Into screen
Out of screen
2. Pro/ENGINEER also displays the ARROW FLIP menu. Choose Flip to reverse the direction of feature
creation, or Okay to accept the direction shown.
Note: To reset the size of the flip arrow, set the configuration option "flip_arrow_scale". The default
size is 1.
After you specify the reference plane, the system orients the sketching plane so it is parallel to the
screen.
If you are creating a feature that adds material to the part (such as a protrusion), the system orients the
plane so the feature "grows" towards you.
If you are adding a feature that removes material (such as a slot), Pro/ENGINEER orients the plane so
the feature extends away from you.
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Thin features can be used as a base feature or as cuts, slots, and protrusions in secondary features. You can
add material to create a thin feature to either side of the sketched section. Choose Flip or Okay from the
THIN OPT menu to specify the side or Both to add material equally to both sides of the section. You can
modify both the section and thickness after the feature is created.
Thin features follow the contour of the part if an endpoint of the section is on a part edge.
If only one endpoint is on the part edge, the corresponding created surface will follow that edge.
If a thin section endpoint is located at a vertex, it lies on multiple edges. In this case, Pro/ENGINEER
prompts you (with a small red circle and crosshair at the section endpoint) to select the edge that the end
surface will follow.
You cannot include text in a sketch of a thin feature.
To Create a Groove
A groove is a projected cosmetic feature. You create a groove by making a sketch and projecting it onto a
surface. However, the groove feature cannot cross surface boundaries.
You can use the groove feature in the manufacturing process with the Groove option, where the tool
follows the groove path.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Choose Feature > Create > Cosmetic > Groove, or Insert > Cosmetic > Groove.
Select the surface onto which to project the feature.
Set up the sketching plane and reference.
Sketch the groove section.
Choose Done after the section is successfully regenerated. The groove feature is projected onto the
selected surface and has no depth.
Note: Because a groove is a cosmetic feature, you can modify the display of its geometry using Redefine >
Line Style. Groove features can be patternized.
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Result
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About Drafts
The Draft feature adds a draft angle to individual surfaces or to a series of selected planar surfaces.
The following table lists the terminology used in drafts.
TERM
DEFINITION
Draft surfaces
Neutral plane
(or Pivot plane)
Neutral curve
Draft direction
Draft angle
Direction of rotation
(or Reference
direction)
Split areas
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- You can draft only the surfaces that are formed by tabulated cylinders or planes.
- The draft direction must be normal to the neutral plane if a draft surface is cylindrical.
- You cannot draft surfaces with fillets around the edge boundary. However, you can draft the
surfaces first, then fillet the edges.
Drafts are created by pivoting draft surfaces around a neutral plane or a neutral datum axis. Choosing Draft
from either the Insert menu or the TWEAK menu brings up the DRAFT OPTS menu with the following
options:
Neutral PlnDraft the surfaces by pivoting around a neutral plane.
Neutral CrvDraft the surfaces by pivoting about a neutral datum curve or edge.
Surfaces selected for drafting can be split; the following types of split drafts are supported:
Drafts that are split at a plane
Drafts that are split at the neutral curve:
- one-sided Split at Crv drafts
- two-sided Split at Crv drafts with one dependent angle
- two-sided Split at Crv drafts with two independent angles
Drafts that are split at a parting quilt:
- one-sided Split at Srf draft
- two-sided Split at Srf drafts with one dependent angle
- two-sided Split at Srf drafts with two independent angles
Drafts that are split using sketched geometry
Different variations of the draft feature are shown in the following figure.
No Split
Neutral Plane
Split at Plane
Split at Sketch
No Split
One Side
Neutral Curve
Independent Angle
Split at Curve
Both Sides
Dependent Angle
One Side
Independent Angle
Split at Surface
Both Sides
Dependent Angle
Drafts may use a variable or constant draft angle. Specify the type of angle by selecting one of the
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Intersect Drafts
Use the Intersect draft option when a resulting draft surface will encounter an edge of the model. The
Extend option and the No Extend option are available for intersect drafts.
Extendcreates an intersection with an existing edge of the model. If possible, the draft will extend to
meet the adjacent surface of the model. If the draft cannot extend to the adjacent model surface, then
the model surface extends into the draft surface. If neither of these cases exist, the system will create
the same overhang created by the No Extend option.
No Extendcreates a draft surface that overhangs the edge of the model.
In the following pictures, a draft surface is added to a cylindrical protrusion near the edge of a box.
The draft below was created with the Extend option. The surface that would be overlapped by the draft is
extended so that the draft intersects that surface.
The draft below was created with the No Extend option. The draft surface overhangs the model surface.
There is no intersection; the model surface is not extended to the draft, and the draft is not extended to the
model. The model face that is overlapped by the draft keeps the same dimensions.
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Part
a. Draft surface
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67
Using No Split
a
a. Neutral plane
Using Split at Pln
b
a. Neutral plane
b. Reference plane for defining the draft direction
Using Split at Skt
a.
b.
Neutral plane
Sketch of the split
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Choose Feature > Create > Tweak > Draft, or Insert > Draft.
From the DRAFT OPTS menu, choose Neutral Pln and Done.
Pro/ENGINEER displays the feature creation dialog box for drafts.
Using the ATTRIBUTES menu, select the draft options as follows:
- Choose the type of draft by selecting Tweak or Intersect.
- (Intersect only) Choose the type of intersect by selecting Extend or No Extend.
- Choose the type of split by selecting No Split, Split at Pln, or Split at Skt.
- Choose the type of draft angle by selecting Constant or Variable.
- Choose Done.
Part
5. Select the draft surfaces to include using the SURF OPTIONS menu.
6. Select or create the neutral plane for the draft using the Plane or Make Datum option in the SETUP
PLANE menu. The intersection of the neutral plane and draft surfaces determines the axis of rotation.
7. Continue with the specific procedure for the required draft type.
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70
Part
b
a
Closed section
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a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
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Part
Part with drafts (The draft angle is the same for all the surfaces.)
a. Material added
When you select multiple loops, the system rotates the inner and outer surfaces in the opposite directions
(see the next figure).
Part with Two Draft Loops
b
a
a.
b.
c.
Loop edge
Face for loop and reference plane
Material removed
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Drafts created with Split at Crv or Split at Srf option can be one-sided or two-sided. Select the desired
type by choosing one of these options in the ATTRIBUTES menu:
Both SidesCreate a draft on both sides of the neutral curve (if you are using Split at Crv) or parting
quilt (if you are using Split at Srf).
One SideCreate a draft on one side of the neutral curve (if you are using Split at Crv) or parting
quilt (if you are using Split at Srf).
For drafts created on both sides of the split, you can specify a single or two independent draft angles for
both portions of the split draft. To indicate how you want to enter the draft angle, choose one of the
following options in the ATTRIBUTES menu:
IndependentSpecify a draft angle on each side of the split. The angles are independent of each other
such that the drafts do not necessarily meet at the parting curve or quilt. The surfaces pivot about the
neutral curve.
DependentSpecify a draft angle on one side of the split. The system determines the other draft angle
such that the two drafts meet at the parting curve or quilt.
b
c
d
c
d
e
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Part
f.
g.
Neutral curve 1
Draft direction
a. Neutral curve
b. Draft surface
c. Draft angle (q = -15)
d. Draft direction
a.
Draft surfaces
Using No Split
a.
Part
Neutral curve
75
a.
Neutral curve
a. Parting quilt
b. Neutral curves
A sample draft feature created with a neutral plane and a draft angle -8o.
Original part
a
b
c
a. Neutral plane
b. Draft direction
c. Positive direction of rotation (yellow arrow)
d. Both surfaces of the cylinder are selected for drafting.
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Part
With draft
-8
a. Draft surfaces
RIGHT
A neutral curve cannot be shorter than the drafted surfaces (see the following figure).
Part
77
a. Neutral curve
b. Draft surface
RIGHT
a
a.
Neutral curve
78
Part
When you have finished, choose Done from the SURF SELECT menu.
Specify a neutral curve using the CHAIN menu.
For a draft using Split at Srf and Both Sides, specify a second neutral curve.
For a Split at Srf draft, specify the parting quilt.
Specify the draft direction using the GEN SEL DIR menu. The menu options are as follows:
- PlaneSelect a plane or create a new datum plane to which the draft direction will be normal.
- Crv/Edg/AxisSelect an edge, curve, or axis in the draft direction. If you select a non-linear edge
or curve, the system prompts you to select an existing datum point on the edge or curve to specify
a tangent.
- CsysSelect an axis of the coordinate system to indicate the draft direction.
10. For a one-side draft, specify the side on which to create the draft. The system displays an arrow, along
with the DIRECTION menu. Choose Flip or Okay.
11. Enter the draft angle as follows:
- For a no-split draft or the draft on one side, specify the draft angle, with material removal in the
direction of a displayed arrow. To add material in the direction of the arrow, enter a negative angle.
- For a draft on both sides, specify the draft angle on each side of the neutral curve, with material
removal for each portion in the direction of a displayed arrow. To add material in the direction of
the arrow, enter a negative angle. The draft surfaces will pivot about the neutral curves at the
specified angle.
- For a draft on both sides with a dependent angle, specify the original angle. The system calculates
the draft angle that corresponds to the second neutral curve such that the two drafts meet at the
parting curve or quilt.
12. Click OK in the dialog box to create the draft.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Part
79
80
Part
a
b
c
a.
b.
c.
Part
81
82
Part
a.
b.
Feature to be bent
Spine
Part
83
If you use Query Select in a GET SELECT menu, you can pick on the spinal bend and choose Next to
display the original solid/quilt, highlighted in red (see the following figure).
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Part
About Rounds
Use the Round option to create a round between surfaces or in place of a middle surface. Surfaces can
mean traditional Pro/ENGINEER zero-thickness quilts and surfaces, and also surfaces of solid models.
Consider these recommendations for creating rounds:
Try to add rounds as late in the design as possible (but before machining features).
You can place all the rounds on a layer and then suppress that layer to speed up your working session.
To avoid creating children dependent on the round features, do not dimension to edges or tangent edges
created by rounds.
Part
85
a. Non-tangent edge
Creating a simple full round is similar to creating an advanced full round, except that when you create a
simple full round, you can specify only a single set of references and you can not modify the transition
type.
A simple round uses the rolling shape and circular cross section. When you create an advanced round, you
can define several "round sets" (segments of the round feature). The system creates default transitions
between the round sets, allowing you to modify the transitions later.
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Part
SIDE EDGESThe edges that appear as a result of the path of the protrusion. These edges exist from
the start edges to the end edges.
In some cases, there are also other sets of intent chains:
START INTERNAL EDGESFor an extruded quilt, the edges that appear at the beginning of the
extrusion of the internal edges.
END INTERNAL EDGESFor an extruded quilt, the edges that appear at the end of the extrusion of
the internal edges.
Intent surfaces
There are three sets of intent surfaces:
START SRFSThe side of the protrusion containing the original sketched section or surface.
END SRFSThe side of the protrusion where the section or surface ended its path.
SIDE SRFSThe sides of the protrusion between the start surface and the end surface.
Note: If you create a feature based on an intent chain or surface, and the underlying edge or side changes,
the feature based on the intent chain will not fail regeneration. Only the intent object will fail, but
when you rebuild the intent object, all the associated geometry will reappear.
Reference Features
A reference feature is a user-defined collection of existing edges or surfaces in a model. Like an intent edge
or an intent surface, you can use the reference feature as a basis for another feature.
For example, if you want to create a round based on a set of edges in a part, you can collect that set of
edges as a reference feature, then create your round.
If the geometry within the reference feature changes, any other features based on the reference feature will
not fail regeneration. Only the reference feature itself will fail.
Part
87
88
Part
2. Possible locations of the round set. Select the appropriate checkbox in the AMBIGUITY menu.
a. Select these surfaces as Surf-Surf references. The round terminates when it encounters the sharp
edge.
Part
89
a.
b.
The following figures demonstrate the use of the Auto Blend option.
Original part
b
a.
b.
Note: the round is shown with a surface mesh for illustration purposes. Find this option in the View menu.
90
Part
For an advanced variable round, within each round set the system can calculate the minimum radius of the
round between points with known radii. This can be done in one of the following waysby approximating
the radius value along the spine with a standard spline function (default), or by using the smallest userspecified value as the minimum radius value for each round set.
To select the desired method, define the Round Shape element in the Round dialog box and select Spline or
Min Radius from the ATTRIBUTES menu.
SplineTells the system to interpolate the round radius values between those specified, with a smooth
spline curve.
Min RadiusTells the system to interpolate the round radius values, restricting the round radius to
some minimum value. This effectively sets a lower bound.
When you create an advanced round with variable radii, you define the variable radii within each round set.
After you have defined the attributes for the current set, the system prompts you to do the following:
Specify the spine, if required.
Select and/or create additional points.
Enter radius values for all selected points.
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91
a.
b.
About Patterns
When you create a pattern, you create instances of the selected feature by varying some specified
dimensions.
Except for the pattern dimensions that describe the placement of the pattern instances, each instance in a
pattern has the identical dimensions as the pattern leader.
You can pattern most features using the Pattern options from the FEAT menu.
Patterns offer the following benefits:
Creating a pattern is a quick way to reproduce a feature.
It may be easier or more effective to perform operations once on the multiple features contained in a
pattern, rather than on the individual features. For example, you can easily suppress a pattern or add it
to a layer.
A pattern is parametrically controlled. Therefore, you can modify a pattern by changing pattern
parameters, such as the number of instances, spacing between instances, and original feature
dimensions.
Modifying patterns is more efficient than modifying individual features. In a pattern, when you change
dimensions of the original feature, the system automatically updates the whole pattern.
The system allows you to pattern a single feature only. To pattern several features, create a "local group",
then pattern this group. After the group pattern is created, you can unpattern and ungroup the instances,
then make them independently modifiable using the option Make Indep.
Notes:
The system does not transfer the line style attributes of a datum curve to its patterns.
A thin feature "remembers" the surface to which it is attached and patterns to this surface.
Pattern Types
There are two ways to pattern a feature using the PRO PAT TYPE menu:
Dim PatternControl the pattern using driving dimensions to determine the incremental changes to
the pattern. The dimension pattern must also exist before you can create the next pattern type.
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Part
Pattern Options
Pro/ENGINEER defines patterns based on the complexity of features and surfaces involved in the pattern
creation. Moreover, the system makes certain assumptions for each type of pattern.
The less complex the pattern is, the more assumptions Pro/ENGINEER can make and the faster it creates
the pattern. Pro/ENGINEER categorizes patterns into three types, using the options Identical, Varying,
and General (available in the PAT OPTIONS menu).
Identical Patterns
Identical patterns, the most simple, have the following restrictions:
All instances are identical in size.
All instances are placed on the same surface.
No instance intersects the edges of the placement surface, any other instance, or any feature other than
the placement surface.
Note that identical patterns regenerate the fastest of the three options. For an identical pattern, the system
generates the first feature, then copies it exactly, including all the intersections.
Varying Patterns
Varying patterns are more complicated than identical patterns. The system makes the following
assumptions about varying patterns:
Instances can vary in size.
Instances can be placed on different surfaces.
No instance intersects any other instance.
For varying patterns, Pro/ENGINEER generates geometry for each feature individually, then generates all
the intersections at one time.
A varying pattern intersects part geometry as a whole group. As a result, if you were to use Thru Next with
a varying pattern, there would be only one creation direction for determining which is the next surface and
you could get undesired results. To avoid this, use only general or identical patterns with the Thru Next
option.
General Patterns
General patterns allow you to create the most complex patterns.
The system makes no assumptions about the instances of general patterns. Therefore, Pro/ENGINEER
calculates the geometry of each individual instance and intersects each feature separately.
Use this option when you expect the feature to touch other instances, intersect itself, or cross surface
boundaries as it gets patterned. General patterns are required even if instances intersect inside the base
feature and the intersection is not visible.
Part
93
4. To specify the pattern direction, choose First Dir or Second Dir from the PATTERN DIR menu.
5. For the selected direction, the system lists driver dimensions in the DRIVER DIM menu. As you place
the cursor on the dimension listed in the menu, the system highlights the corresponding dimension on
the screen. Select the desired dimension.
6. The RELATIONS menu appears. Use options from the RELATIONS menu to edit the relations. When
you have finished editing, choose Done from the PATTERN DIR menu.
7. Regenerate the model to update the pattern.
Note: Pattern member relations are independent from pattern leader relations. For example, if you want
to change the relation of a pattern leader, you must change it explicitly.
To Redefine Patterns
1. Select Feature > Redefine, or Edit > Redefine.
2. Select any member of the pattern.
3. For pattern members that normally use a dialog box, the corresponding feature creation dialog box
appears. Select the Pattern element and click on Define.
For pattern members that do not use the dialog box interface, the REDEFINE menu appears; choose the
Pattern option from the menu.
4. The system displays the REDEF PATT menu, which lists the following options:
- Pat OptionsRedefine the type of pattern (identical, varying, or general).
- Pat Incr TypeSpecify whether a pattern dimension is controlled by a value or a relation.
- To TableConvert the pattern to a table-driven pattern (that is, a pattern with variable dimensions
controlled by a table). You cannot redefine a table-driven pattern to become value- or relationdriven. The system prompts you to name the table.
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Part
6. Specify pattern direction by choosing First Dir or Second Dir from the PATTERN DIR menu.
7. The DRIVER DIM menu lists driver dimensions for the selected direction. Only driver dimensions
whose relations have been modified are available for selection. Place a checkmark in front of the
dimensions that you want to restore, and choose Done.
8. Choose Done/Return from the RESTORE menu.
9. Regenerate the model to restore pattern relations.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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95
5. If you are creating a table pattern, select all dimensions that you want to include in the table and choose
Done in the EXIT menu. For other than a table pattern, continue the procedure as follows.
6. Select a dimension to vary, then enter a value or relation for its increment (spacing). Repeat this for
every dimension driving the pattern in this direction.
7. When you have finished, choose Done from the EXIT menu. Enter the number of instances of the
pattern for this direction.
8. If this is a unidirectional pattern, choose Done from the EXIT menu again, and the system creates the
pattern. For a bidirectional pattern, perform Steps 4 through 6 again. Choose Done again to create the
pattern.
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Part
Part
97
pattern, p0. Choose Done again and the system creates the pattern.
Note: Make sure all dimensioning references still make sense when the angular dimension increases or
decreases within the range of the pattern member variation.
98
Part
DTM3
DTM1
d2
DTM2
Pattern Directions
Unidirectional
a. direction 1
Bidirectional
a.
b.
Part
direction 1
direction 2
99
Pattern Configurations
Linear
Angular
100
Part
Pattern of Holes
d3
d4
d8
d7
d5
d6
P0 HOLES
Part
101
2
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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Part
else
memb_v = lead_v + idx1 * INCREMENT
endif
Note: The function floor returns the next integer lower than its argument.
In this example, floor is used to determine whether idx2, the row number, is an even or odd number. If
idx2 is even, then 2*TEMP will be equal to idx2. If idx2 is odd, then 2*TEMP will be one less than
idx2. Using the "if/else" statement we can control the offset for the odd rows, because idx2 starts with
zero. If idx2 is odd, then the first expression is evaluated for memb_v. If idx2 is even, then the second
expression is evaluated for memb_v.
4. Choose Done for the first direction and then select the dimension in the other direction. In this example,
d4 is selected. Enter the increment between rows. This increment is shown as d7 in the next figure.
5. Select Done for the second direction to finish the pattern.
If you want to keep the rows centered on the part, enter the following part relation.
d7 = (d0- (2*d4))/(p1-1)
In this relation d7, the incremental dimension in the second direction, is driven by the relation. d7 is
determined by subtracting twice the initial offset d4 from the width of the part d0 and dividing by the
number of holes one less in the second direction p1. With this relation, you can modify the number of holes
and/or the length of the part, and the pattern will still remain centered with respect to the width of the part.
memb_i = (d1-(2*d5))/10
d5
d4
incr=10
memb_v = lead_v + 5 * sin(incr*idx1)
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103
The resulting pattern for these relations is shown in the following figure. The pattern maintains the same
relationship to the part, regardless of the change in the length d1, or the change to the number of instances
in the pattern.
Resulting Pattern
a.
p3 modified to 10
b.
p3 modified to 5
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Part
instances). In this case, whenever you modify the number of instances, the system calculates the
spacing according to the formula you entered.
To Delete a Pattern
Use Del Pattern to delete the pattern without deleting the feature that was patterned.
1. Choose Del Pattern.
2. Select any member of the pattern and select any number of patterns.
3. When you have finished, choose Done.
Note: Del Pattern deletes the pattern definition. To reduce the pattern to one feature without deleting the
pattern definition, modify the pattern quantity number to 1.
Part
105
icon.
106
icon.
icon. You can also select a table by double-
icon.
icon.
Part
- To save a table to disk in a separate file, select a table and click the
icon.
- To retrieve a table from disk, select a pattern or one of its tables from the TABLES dialog, press
, and then select the .ptb from the OPEN dialog box.
4. If you want to save the changes and continue working with the TABLES dialog box, click the Apply
button. To finish and save changes to the pattern tables, click OK. To cancel and remove any changes
press Cancel.
Part
107
You want to create an instance of the part with this pattern of holes:
In addition, you want the location of each of the corresponding holes in the two patterns to be linked such
that if the location of one of the holes in either of the instances moves, the corresponding hole in the other
instance also moves.
Rather than create each hole as an independent feature, the following method allows you to use reference
patterns and a single entry in the family table, regardless of the number of instances in the pattern.
To Create a Pattern that Has Several Variations, Each of Which is Driven by the Same
Dimensions
1. Create a table-driven pattern with the maximum number of instances this pattern can possibly have, and
every dimension selected that will be changed between pattern instances or pattern table files. If you do
not enter an instance now, you can not add it later without recreating the pattern.
2. Create a relation (for example, d7=2.0) for every dimension in the pattern table.
Note: Adding a relation affects all tables that use dimensions referenced in the relation.
3. Choose Modify > PatternTable.
4. Select a table from the TABLES dialog.
5. Save the table to disk as ".ptb" file.
6. Choose Window > Open System to open a window. Copy the ".ptb" pattern table file you have just
saved to as many new names as there are different pattern table variations. You can repeat this step each
time you need more pattern tables. Exit the system window.
7. Retrieve new pattern tables, edit them, and activate the desired table.
8. Choose OK to regenerate the pattern.
The pattern table can be used in family tables. You can substitute the different variations by entering their
names as family table instances.
d24
d22
To illustrate redefining patterns, this pattern is initially defined as Identical. However, in an actual
application, if you may want to vary the size of the instances, define the pattern as Varying.
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Part
Select the hole dimensions to enter them into the pattern table. Select the diameter dimension, the distance
from the left edge, and the distance from the top edge. Choose Add from the PATT TABLE menu and enter
the name "hole_1" as the name of the pattern table.
The system displays the default part table editor window (Pro/TABLE was used for this example). Edit the
pattern table and add seven pattern instances. Enter the values for the index number (idx), diameter,
distance from the left edge, and distance from the top edge. Index numbers need not be consecutive or in
any order, but they must be unique within a table to correspond to each instance.
The figure Pattern Table for Hole_1 Example shows these values as they would appear in the Pro/TABLE
editor. To save the values, exit from Pro/TABLE. Choose Done from the PATT TABLE menu to create the
pattern (see the next figure). In this example, the pattern instances run clockwise, but it is not necessary to
create the instances in any particular order.
Pattern Table for Hole_1 Example
Later, you modify the table, as shown in the figure Modified Pattern Table for Hole_1 Example. In
addition, because the diameters of the holes in the pattern will now vary, you must redefine the pattern
options from Identical to Varying. To do this, choose Feature and Redefine and pick on a hole in the
pattern. Choose Pattern and Define in the dialog box. Choose Pat Options from the REDEF PATT menu.
In this case, choose Varying and Done from the PAT OPTIONS menu, followed by Done/Return from the
REDEF PATT menu.
Note (see the following figure) that there are fewer instances, some of the diameters and distances from
references have been changed, and one hole has been located in the middle of the part. After you edit the
pattern table, regenerate the part to implement the change.
Part
109
110
Part
Part
111
The Line Style dialog box is divided into three sections: Copy From, Attributes, and command buttons.
The Copy From section contains the following test boxes:
- StyleAllows you to set the line style name by selecting a from a list of existing line style names.
- Existing LineAllows you to use Select Line... to select an existing line.
- The line style Attributes section contains the following text boxes:
- Line FontAllows you to set a line font by selecting from a list of all available line fonts.
- ColorAllows you to set the color of selected lines. The system displays the Color dialog box.
The command buttons for the dialog box are as follows:
- ApplyApplies the line style (as defined in the dialog box) to the selected lines. It does not close
the dialog box.
- CancelIf you did not make a change and did not select Apply, this option closes the dialog box
without making any changes. If you select this button after you make a change and select Apply, it
changes to Close and closes the dialog box without making further changes.
- ResetResets the dialog box controls to their initial values. If you select Apply immediately after
you select Reset, the system resets all the selected lines to the style they had before you selected
the Modify option.
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Part
highlights the associated features in turn. The system displays the CONFIRM menu, which lets you step
back and forth through the highlighted features to accept the ones you want.
Notes:
Assembly features that are visible in Part mode do not contain dimensions unless the assembly in which
they were created is also in session.
If you created a feature using the commands Copy, Dependent, modifying the original feature changes
the copied feature.
When you select a mirror copy of a feature to modify, the system displays the dimensions and section
on the original feature.
Part
113
Note: Modifying the number of decimal places for a dimension rounds the value of the dimension.
114
Part
Part
115
116
Part
- ReferencesRespecify the placement references of the feature (such as Until, From, and To
surfaces), removing edges from a round definition, and so on.
- BoundariesResize the selected surface.
- SchemeChange the dimensioning scheme without revising the feature section so there is no
chance you could delete entities referenced by other features.
- CurvesRedefine curves created from file.
- PatternRedefine the pattern type and the pattern increment options.
- Style CurvesRedefine a scan curve feature or scan curves of a blended surface.
Note: Not all options are available for all features.
Part
117
4. Choose the appropriate option. As soon as you have selected an instance name, Pro/ENGINEER
replaces the reference member with the new instance.
118
Part
Part
119
120
Part
Part
121
122
Part
Part
123
For features that use the dialog box interfaceIf the feature fails after you press OK or Preview, the
Resolve button appears in the feature creation dialog box.
You can either
- Stay in the dialog box environment and redefine feature elements with the Define button, or
- Click Resolve to access the Resolve environment so you can obtain diagnostics or make changes
to other parts of the model.
For features that do not use the dialog box interfaceIf the feature fails, the system brings up the
FAILED FEAT menu.
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Part
- Attempt a quick fix of the problems using shortcuts for performing standard operations on the
failed feature, including redefine, reroute, suppress (for parts), and freeze (for assemblies).
For both diagnosing and fixing the problem, you can choose to work on the current (failed) model or
backup model. The backup model shows all features in their pre-regenerated state, and can be used to
modify or restore dimensions of the features that are not displayed in the current (failed) model.
If the ENVIRONMENT menu Regen Backup option is toggled on, Pro/ENGINEER uses the regenerated
backup model.
If you specify this option, the system saves a copy of the model to disk with the name
regen_backup_model####.prt prior to each regeneration and removes it after successful regeneration of the
feature. Otherwise, the system uses the last pre-failure version of the current model saved on disk.
The failed feature diagnosis window displays the following options:
- OverviewDisplay an overview of the Resolve environment.
- Feature InfoDisplay the feature Information Window.
- Resolve HintsIf a resolve hint exists, the system displays this button. Click on it to see a hint on
how to fix the problem.
If you select any of these options, Pro/ENGINEER opens a new window and displays information on the
selected topic.
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125
List ChangesShow the modified dimensions in the Main Window and in a pre-regenerated model
window (Review Window), if available. Also, display a table that lists all the modifications and
changes.
Show RefDisplay the SHOW REF menu to show all the references for the failed feature in the
models, in both the Review Window and the Main Window. The system highlights the first reference in
the reference color (such as magenta), and displays the SHOW REF menu, which lists the following
options:
- NextHighlight the next reference.
- PreviousHighlight the previous reference.
- InfoDisplay an Information Window that provides information about the entity and the feature
to which it belongs.
Failed GeomDisplay the invalid geometry of the failed feature. This command may be unavailable.
The FAILED GEOM menu displays a list of features with failed geometry and a restore command.
Roll ModelRoll the model back to the option selected in the ROLL MDL TO submenu. The options
are as follows:
- Failed FeatRoll the model back to the failed feature (for the backup model only).
- Before FailRoll the model back to the feature just before the failed feature.
- Last SuccessRoll the model back to the state it was in at the end of the last successful feature
regeneration.
- SpecifyRoll the model back to the specified feature.
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Part
MODEL REL and RELATIONS menus (for more information, see Introduction to Pro/ENGINEER).
Set UpDisplay the standard PART SETUP menu to perform additional part setup procedures.
X-SectionCreate, modify, or delete a cross-sectional view using the CROSS SEC menu (for more
information, see Introduction to Pro/ENGINEER).
ProgramAccess Pro/PROGRAM capabilities using the PROGRAM menu (for more information, see
Introduction to Pro/ENGINEER).
Part
127
Compute CL(Available in Manufacturing Mode only) When selected, the CL data is recalculated for
each NC sequence during regeneration. If cleared, no CL data is calculated during regeneration.
3. Select where (at which feature) to start regenerating the part by choosing one of the following options
on the Model Player:
-
Start part regeneration at the beginning of the model, with feature number 1. Then use (pic
of forward button) to step through the features one at a time. (This replaces the Beginning option
in the START OPTS menu.)
Start part regeneration at the very end of the model (at the last feature), and move
backwards through feature regeneration. Then use (pic of backward button) to step through the
features one at a time.
Step backward through the model one feature at a time. Click this button to regenerate the
preceding feature in the model. This option is new in version 2000i2.
Step forward through the model one feature at a time. Click this button to regenerate the
next feature in the model. (This replaces the Continue option in the START OPTS.)
- Slider BarDrag the slider handle to the first feature at which you want model playback to begin.
The features are highlighted in the Graphics window as you move through their position with the
slider handle. The feature number and type are displayed in the selection panel (such as #16
(CHAMFER)), and the feature number is displayed in the Feat # box.
-
Lets you select a starting feature from the Graphics window or the Model Tree. Opens the
SELECT FEAT and GET SELECT menus. After you select a starting feature, its number and ID
are displayed in the selection panel, and the feature number is displayed in the Feat # box.
- Feat #Lets you specify a starting feature by typing the feature number in the box. Then use
and
to step backward or forward through the playback operation one feature at a time.
The feature you specify becomes the starting feature, and all features that occur after it (if you are using
forward playback) or before it (if you are using backward playback) are suppressed.
- Stop the model playback at the current feature.
Pro/ENGINEER begins the model playback process.
4. To stop the playback, click the Stop button.
5. For the current feature, choose from the following options:
- Show DimsDisplay the dimensions of the current feature.
- Feat InfoProvide regular feature information about the current feature. If you choose this
option, the system displays a window with the feature information.
- Geom CheckInvestigate the geometry error for the current feature. This option is accessible
only when the system encounters a geometry error.
- Fix ModelActivate Resolve mode by forcing the current feature to abort regeneration. When
you exit Resolve mode, Pro/ENGINEER brings you back to the Model Player at the current
feature. You can then continue to move backward or forward through the model.
- CloseClose the Model Player and enter Insert mode at the current feature (the last feature to be
generated). You can choose this option at any time during model playback mode.
- FinishClose the Model Player and return to the last feature in the model (this replaces the Quit
option in the INFO REGEN menu). Pro/ENGINEER restores all features. You can choose this
option at any time during model playback mode.
Note: The preceding options replace the options found in the INFO REGEN menu. This is new for
version 2000i2.
6. If a feature is one that intersects any other feature on the part, the system displays the geometry of the
feature in red wireframe before intersection.
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Part
Prev ItemHighlight information for the previous item that causes a geometry check.
Next ItemHighlight information for the next item that causes a geometry check.
All ItemsHighlight information for all items that cause a geometry check.
Feature InfoOpen an Information Window for the selected feature.
Item InfoOpen an Information Window to describe the error.
Hide ItemSuppress the warning that the system had issued as a possible design error, because the
feature is designed as intended.
Note: The option Hide Item applies only to the SHOW ERRS window processing and does not affect
the regenerated geometry.
If you choose Restore from the GEOM CHECK menu, the system displays the RESTORE ERR menu. This
menu allows you to restore specific geometry checks that you have hidden with the Hide Item command.
The options are as follows:
Select AllRestore geometry checks for all features.
Unsel AllRemoves the checks from the entire list, allowing you to select individual features again.
For example, the following cases might cause the system to issue a geometry check warning:
Using blind features to extrude all the way through a part or intersect another surface
When the blind depth is not quite enough, there will be a little gap, which will be detected by
Pro/ENGINEER. Do not modify the extruded value onlyredefine the feature to use one of the "Thru"
depth options.
Sketching intersecting features on drafted surfaces
You may not notice the slight angle of the draft, but the feature you sketch will not quite align with the
feature to be intersected. You should either sketch the feature on the original non-drafted surface or use
the option Use Edge so the entities align exactly.
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129
...or...
Replace the round with a round through point. Then, no matter how the cut changes, the round will be
resized so the sharp intersection is maintained.
Checking Geometry
a.
b.
c.
Cuts
Feature creates a tiny edge
Should these be aligned at vertices?
a.
b.
Sketching plane
Surface to be pushed
c
130
Part
c.
Sketched boundaries
d
Part
131
a.
b.
Reference edge
Surface to be domed
Choose Feature > Create > Solid > Tweak > Radius Dome, or Insert > Advanced > Radius Dome.
Pick a surface to dome. The surface to dome must be a plane, torus, cone, or cylinder.
Select a datum plane, planar surface, or edge to which to reference the dome arc.
Enter the dome radius. The radius value can be positive or negative, resulting in a convex or concave
dome.
5. Pro/ENGINEER creates the domed surface using two dimensions the radius of the dome arc and the
distance from the arc to the reference datum plane or edge. The radius of the dome is the radius of an
arc that passes through the two edges of the domed surface. Thus, a larger radius value results in less
elevation from the original surface. The placement dimension affects the dome steepness: The closer
the dome arc to the middle of the domed surface, the less the dome elevation.
6. On non-rectangular surfaces, Pro/ENGINEER trims the dome to the part edges (see the next figure).
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Part
Note: The Radius Dome option on either the TWEAK menu or the Insert > Advanced menu is available
when the configuration file option allow_anatomic_features is set to yes.
Part
133
a.
b.
Section
Profile
c.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Part
plane, the viewing direction arrow indicates the positive direction for offset sections. Choose Done
when you have finished.
4. Enter the distance between the first section and the new section to sketch. The orientation of the
sections is the same. Sketch the new section and choose Done when you have finished. At least two
sections must be used for this option. Note that the previous sections are toggled to a light gray color
when you sketch the new section.
Be sure to orient the start points of the sections so the correct points are connected for the dome. The
start point is displayed as a small circle on the sketch. To reorient the start point, select Start Point
from the SEC TOOLS menu and pick a new start point on the section.
5. If other sections are required, enter "yes" to continue and enter in new sections as needed. If no other
sections are required, answer "no" to the prompt. Pro/ENGINEER then generates the dome.
a.
b.
Section 1
Section 2
Note that the entire surface was domed, even thought only two sections were sketched.
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135
Whether material is added or removed depends on the sections being sketched. A section that dips below
the surface removes material. A section that is above (to the positive side of) the surface adds material.
The profile and the sections of a single-profile blended dome are not necessarily related. This feature
allows you to dimension to the profile by selecting the horizontal and vertical centerlines displayed while
sketching a section.
The centerlines are put there for your convenience, but you do not have to dimension to them.
If you do not dimension to the profile, you can modify the profile without affecting the resulting dome. If
you dimension to the profile, modifying the profile automatically moves the sections and modifies the
dome.
b
a
a.
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Part
b.
c.
d.
Centerlines
Profile
Section dimensioned to part
To Create an Offset
You can create an offset feature on a surface by choosing Feature > Create > Solid > Tweak > Offset, or
Insert > Advanced > Area Offset. This displays the OPTIONS menu. The OPTIONS menu commands are
grouped in mutually exclusive pairs, as follows:
Normal OffOffset in a direction normal to the original surface.
Transl OffFor selected surfaces, translate the offset a specified distance in a given direction. For
sketched regions, translate the offset a specified distance normal to the sketching plane. Curved
surfaces do not change shape when they are translated.
Sket RegionOffset an area of the surface defined by a section.The section of an offset feature is
sketched on a plane. The section is projected onto the selected surfaces along the sketch plane normal
direction. Then, the offset is applied to give the feature depth.
Whole SurfOffset a whole surface, defined by a loop selection.
SideNrmToSrfMake the side surfaces of an offset area normal to the original surface.
SideNrmToSktMake the side surfaces of an offset area normal to the sketching plane.
Whether you are offsetting a whole surface or an area of the surface, you can select several surfaces to
offset. A positive offset value adds material to the surface, while a negative offset value removes material
from the surface (see the following figure).
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137
a
DTM2
a.
138
Part
b
a
a.
b.
a.
b.
Straight edge
Parallel lines perpendicular to edge
a.
Part
139
The radius of the bend is measured from the sketching plane out of the screen.
Pro/ENGINEER bends the ear at the specified angle, measured from the surface from which the ear is
extruded. The ear bends towards you, out of the screen, and is extruded into the screen to the specified
thickness.
b
c
f
140
Part
a.
b.
Part
141
a.
b.
About Sweeps
A sweep is created by sketching or selecting a trajectory and then sketching a section to follow along it.
You can create more advanced sweeps using the Advanced option.
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Part
- If you extend the chain with Trim/Extend in the CHAIN menu, the system accepts that chain if it is
planar.
Note that a sweep may fail if
- A trajectory crosses itself
- You align or dimension a section to fixed entities, but the orientation of the section changes when
its is swept along the 3-dimensional trajectory
- An arc or a spline radius is too small, relative to the section, and the feature intersects itself
traversing around the arc.
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143
Example: Sweeps
Solid Sweeps with Closed Trajectories
Closed Trajectory, No Inn Fcs. Section must be closed.
Note: When creating a surface sweep with a closed trajectory, the No Inn Fcs option may be used with
an open or closed section, but the Add Inn Fcs option requires only an open section.
Constant Section Sweep
A constant section sweep can use either a trajectory sketched at the time of feature creation or a trajectory
made up of selected datum curves or edges. As a general rule, the trajectory must have adjacent reference
surfaces, or be planar.
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Part
DTM1
a. Sweep uses as a trajectory a datum curve created from the intersection of two surfaces.
A sweep may fail if
A trajectory crosses itself
You align or dimension a section to fixed entities, but the orientation of the section changes when its is
swept along the 3-dimensional trajectory
An arc or a spline radius is too small, relative to the section, and the feature intersects itself traversing
around the arc (see the following illustration)
Self-Intersecting Feature
a
a.
b.
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145
a.
b.
c.
Merged ends
Free ends
The trajectory ends at intersection with solid geometry, but the sweep end is unattached.
Sweep Geometry
The sweep will have a mitered corner if the trajectory has straight line segments that form an angle (see the
following illustration).
Sweep with Mitered Corner
1
1
Trajectory
Incorrect Sweep
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Part
1
2
Trajectory
Gap in the sweep geometry
Three-Dimensional Sweeps
With Pro/FEATURE, sweeps can be created along a three-dimensional path with a three-dimensional
spline for the sweep trajectory. That is, Pro/FEATURE allows you to modify the Z-coordinates of spline
points. All other Sketcher entities must lie on a two-dimensional sketching plane.
In all other respects, three-dimensional sweeps are created in the same way as two-dimensional sweeps. For
such applications as creating springs, you can also create an advanced feature helical sweep by sweeping a
section along a helical trajectory.
a.
b.
3-D spline
Cross section
About Blends
A blended feature consists of a series of at least two planar sections that Pro/ENGINEER joins together at
their edges with transitional surfaces to form a continuous feature.
Blends with parallel sections can be created in basic Pro/ENGINEER, but the Pro/FEATURE and
Pro/SURFACE modules are required to create blends from non-parallel sections.
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147
Blend Types
ParallelAll blend sections lie on parallel planes in one section sketch.
RotationalBlend sections are rotated about the Y-axis, up to a maximum of 120 degrees. Each
section is sketched individually and aligned using the coordinate system of the section.
GeneralSections of a general blend can be rotated about and translated along the X-, Y-, and Z-axes.
Each section is sketched individually, and aligned using the coordinate system of the section.
Start points
Smooth Blend
Straight Blend
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Part
Blend Sections
With the exception of capping a blend, blends must always have the same number of entities in each
section. It is possible to make surfaces of non-parallel blends and parallel smooth blends disappear using
Blend Vertex.
Part
149
2
3
+ 1
4
Section 1
2 (blend vertex)
4
Section 2
3
4
Section 3
To Import a Blend
1. Choose ADV FEAT OPT > From File.
2. Select or create a coordinate system to locate the imported blend data.
3. Enter the file name. The file's extension must be .ibl.
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20
20
30
20
30
40
0
0
0
begin curve ! 2
1
2
3
30
50
60
40
40
30
0
0
0
begin curve ! 3
1
2
3
60
60
50
30
20
10
0
0
0
begin curve ! 4
1
2
3
50
30
20
10
10
20
0
0
0
begin curve ! 1
1
2
25
30
25
30
50
50
begin curve ! 2
1
2
30
50
30
25
50
50
begin curve ! 3
1
2
50
40
25
15
50
50
begin curve ! 4
1
2
40
25
15
25
50
50
begin section ! 2
Part
151
152
Part
Part
153
After
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Part
Capping a Blend
The first and last sections of a blend can each be a point. This caps the end of the blend feature with either a
sharp or smooth transition to a tip. The end subsection of a parallel blend must always form a sharp cap.
Smooth and sharp caps create very different features. The smooth cap is created by forcing all geometry to
be tangent at the point section. The sharp cap allows the geometry to flow straight towards the point
section.
The best way to control the shape of the feature as it approaches the cap is to use as many sections as are
necessary to achieve the desired result.
Note the following information about capped blends:
The Z-axis is normal to the surface at the point entity. Entering rotation values for the X- and Y-axis
affects the feature definition of a smooth cap.
For a smooth cap, the point entity must be located within the boundaries of the previous section (picture
where it would be if you used the same dimensions, but had sketched it on the previous section).
To Cap a Blend
1. For the last section of the non-parallel blend, create a coordinate system and a point entity. Dimension
the point, if necessary.
2. Regenerate the section and choose Done.
3. Choose an option from the CAP TYPE menu:
- SmoothCreate a cap that is smooth.
- SharpCreate a cap that is sharp.
Part
155
156
Part
a.
b.
c.
SEC1
SEC2
SEC3
Blend
Part
157
"Sharp" cap
Open Blend
Closed Blend
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Part
OPTION
DEFINITION
NrmToOriginTraj
Norm To Traj
Pivot Direction
Part
159
a. Pivot plane
Side view
a
a. Origin trajectory
The following figure illustrates a variable section sweep that uses the NrmToOriginTraj option. The
section remains normal to the Origin trajectory.
Perspective view
Side view
160
Part
a.
b.
Origin trajectory
X-trajectory
a
b
c
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
Part
161
c
d
a.
b.
c.
d.
Additional trajectories
Origin trajectory
X-trajectory
Section: section vertices are aligned to trajectories.
162
Part
Select TrajDefine a chain from curves and edges (such as a datum curve) to use as the sweep
trajectory.
Sel Tan TrajDefine a chain from curves and edges to use as a trajectory and specify a tangency
condition by selecting tangency reference surfaces.
Remove TrajRemove a trajectory that you previously sketched or selected. You cannot remove the
Origin Trajectory.
5. If you chose Pivot Dir in Step 3, go to Step 8; otherwise, proceed as follows:
Sketch or select the X-Trajectory, which defines the horizontal vector of the section. The sketching
plane is located at a datum point or the endpoint of the Origin Trajectory. The orientation of the sketch
plane is such that the positive X-axis passes from the endpoint of the Origin Trajectory through the
point at the intersection of the second trajectory with the normal plane.
6. If you chose Norm To Traj in Step 3, select the trajectory to which the section will be normal. Choose
an option in the SEC ORIENT menu, followed by Done:
Norm to SurfSelect a surface that determines the sections upward direction, then select or sketch
the trajectory that defines the section plane normal. Choose Flip an Okay to select the upward
direction. This option is available only if the Origin Trajectory belongs to a surface.
Use Norm TrajSelect a trajectory that defines the section plane normal.
7. If the Origin Trajectory has datum points, the system highlights an endpoint of the Origin Trajectory so
you can define the start point. Choose an option from the SEC POINT menu to select the start point:
Origin StartUse the highlighted endpoint as the start point for the Origin Trajectory.
Pick PointPick a datum point on the Origin Trajectory to be its start point.
Note: For a Norm To Traj variable section sweep, the system checks if the normal plane to the
selected trajectory has a defined intersection with the Origin Trajectory. If the intersection cannot
be found, the system issues a warning so you can redefine the normal trajectory.
8. You can sketch or select as many additional longitudinal trajectories as you want, such that if the
section is dimensioned to or aligned to these trajectories, the sweep feature also follows these
trajectories as it travels along the origin. The trajectories can be accessed by selecting the Trajectories
element in the dialog box. You can remove a trajectory by choosing Remove Traj from the VAR SEC
SWP menu.
9. Choose Done to complete the trajectory definitions.
10. Sketch the sweep section. The section can be dimensioned to known points (to the points of intersection
of the longitudinal curves with the sketching plane). The section remains aligned and dimensioned to
the point as it sweeps along the curve.Use relations to create a meaningful parametric section.
11. 1Choose Done to exit Sketcher.
12. 1Click OK in the dialog box.
Part
163
a.
b.
The section created with Use Edge follows the Origin Trajectory.
Origin Trajectory
a. Origin Trajectory
a
c
d
b
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Part
a. X-trajectory
b. Origin curve
c. Sweep section
d. Aligned entities
Notes:
When you dimension the section to known points or part edges, consider the relative position of the XTrajectory throughout the length of the Origin Trajectory. Dimensions that are valid at the start point of
the sweep could become meaningless as the section turns around the origin.
To capture your design intent when sketching a variable section sweep section, you can use known
dimensions and graph evaluation. You can map a graph, or any function, along the variable section
sweep Origin Trajectory using the trajectory parameter, trajpar, in a relation.
b
d
a. Origin trajectory
b. X-vector trajectory
c. Control surface
d. Additional trajectory
Side View
Part
165
a. Sweep section
b. Tangency centerline
After Creation
a
a.
166
Part
DEFINITION
NrmToOriginTraj
Norm To Traj
Pivot Direction
Part
167
3.
4.
5.
6.
168
Part
Section Definition
The sections must be sketched at the first and last Origin Trajectory points.
a.
b.
Part
169
170
Part
d
c
a.
b.
c.
d.
Section 1, Perimeter 1
Section 2, Perimeter 2
Perimeter 3. If Per. 1 = Per. 2, then Per. 3 = Per. 1 = Per. 2.
Origin Trajectory
c
d
b
a. csys
b. Area values
c. Area graph
d. Solid lines at user-defined locations
e. Dashed lines at fixed cross section locations
Part
171
172
Part
a.
a.
b.
Part
173
174
Part
d
a
a.
b.
c.
d.
a
b
Part
175
a.
b.
c.
a. Axis of revolution
b. This section is normal to the trajectory
Using the Thru Axis option
176
Part
a. Axis of revolution
b. This section is in a plane that passes through the axis of revolution.
Using the Left Handed option
Part
177
4. Select or create the sketching plane, then specify the direction of viewing the sketching plane by
choosing Flip or Okay.
5. The system prompts you to specify a direction of feature creation, and displays a corresponding arrow.
Choose Flip, if desired, then choose Okay.
6. Specify a view orientation by picking a Sketcher reference plane.
7. Sketch the datum curve. Using the Adv Geometry option, include in the sketch a coordinate system
that determines the curve reference point.
Locate it on the sketch where you want curve projection to start (the curve will be formed outward from
that point). Make sure the location does not correspond to a point on the surface that is perpendicular to
the screen (for example, do not align it to the silhouette edge of a cylinder).
8. When you choose Done from Sketcher, Pro/ENGINEER creates the curve by projecting the reference
point onto the part surface. Pro/ENGINEER forms the curve onto the first surface it encounters in the
feature creation direction, with the length of the curve segments preserved.
a. Sketched curve
b. Projected curve
c. Formed curve
This example shows the creation of the formed datum curve.
a
b
c
d
e
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Formed curve
Sketched curve
Reference point (sketch coordinate system)
Sketching plane
Feature creation direction
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Part
4. Set up the sketching plane and direction of feature creation, then sketch the datum curve.
Include in the sketch a coordinate system that determines the curve reference point. Locate it on the
sketch where you want curve projection to start. Pro/ENGINEER will form the curve outward from that
point.
5. Choose Done from the SKETCHER menu. Pro/ENGINEER creates the curve.
Section in Sketcher
Part
179
180
Part
Choose Datum > Curve or click the curve button on the datums toolbar.
Choose CRV OPTIONS > Projected > Done.
Choose PRJCRVTYPE > Select > Done.
A feature creation dialog box appears with the following feature elements:
Part
181
5.
6.
7.
8.
182
Part
Part
183
184
Part
Part
185
edges and curves. Therefore, you could have the following problems:
Gaps between the original reference and the approximate curve, which prohibits Merge by joining or
intersecting of surfaces.
For example, a surface that is swept along the approximate curve might not attach directly to the
original surface, so the two surfaces cannot be quilted together.
The solution to this problem is to extend one or both surfaces so they intersect. However, the surfaces
might never intersect, such as when the surface normals are parallel.
Alternatively, do not use the Approximate option if you need to merge the corresponding surfaces.
No reference to the original edge and surface.
For instance, this prevents you from creating a sweep feature that references the edge and surface
normal.
One solution to this problem is to create a variable section sweep using the Pivot Dir option. This also
prevents you from creating a variable section sweep feature with tangency to the surface.
Undesired inflection in the approximate curve.
186
Part
3.
boundaries.
- ClearClear the tangency conditions.
SelectSelect a chain by using options in the CHAIN menu.
UnselectRemove a curve or edge from the current selection for a chain. For chain types other than
One By One, use the CONFIRMATION menu to confirm or cancel the Unselect command. For the
chain type One By One, select the curves or edges to remove from the chain.
Trim/ExtendTrim or extend the chain ends. Use the CHOOSE menu to determine the end to be
processed. The system displays the TRIM/EXTEND menu, which lists the following options:
- Enter LengthTrim or extend by a specified amount. Enter a negative value to shorten the curve,
or a positive value to extend the curve.
Note: A negative value is not allowed for trimming a spline curve.
- DragUse the mouse to adjust the chain end interactively (the left button finalizes the position,
the middle button aborts the move, and the right button toggles between pausing or continuing the
operation).
- Trim AtTrim the end segment of the curve using the TRIM AT menu. Choose Point to trim to a
specified point (such as a datum point, vertex, or curve end. Choose Curve to trim to an
intersecting datum curve. Choose Surface to trim to an intersecting surface or datum plane.
Start PointSelect the start point of the chain.
When you have finished, choose Done from the lower part of the CHAIN menu.
Part
187
Round Sets
An advanced round is made up of one or more "round sets", or segments of the round. Each round set may
have unique attributes, references, and radius values.
As you define each round set, the system generates intermediate geometry. After all round sets are defined,
the system creates default transitions between round sets, which you can then customize.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Choose Round from the SOLID menu, or choose Insert > Round.
Choose Advanced and Done from the ROUND TYPE menu.
A dialog box appears, listing elements of the round feature.
The dialog box for the first round set appears automatically.
Define the attributes of the current round set, as you do for simple rounds.
Specify references for placing the round set.
For rounds other than a full round or a thru curve round, enter the radius or radii for the round set.
Optionally, you can define the Round Extent element if you want to extend the round set beyond its
188
Part
current boundaries.
9. After the round set is defined, click OK in the Round Set dialog box.
10. To add another round set, choose Add from the ROUND SETS menu, and then define the round set by
repeating the Steps 5 through 9.
11. When you finish defining the round sets, choose Done Sets from the ROUND SETS menu.
12. If you want to define the transition type between round sets or change the system-supplied transitions,
select the Transitions element and then click Define.
13. If you want to define the round shape, select the Round Shape element and then click Define.
14. If necessary, change the Attach Type element.
Note: At this point, you can pre-set attributes of the round by choosing Done Sets from the ROUND
SETS menu, selecting the Round Shape element, and then clicking Define in the dialog box.
Alternatively, you can redefine the Round Shape element later in the process of round creation.
15. To complete the round feature creation, click OK in the dialog box.
Part
189
IntersctSrfsThe system extends the two or more selected round set edges as far as possible towards
each other, and attempts to merge them, with a sharp boundary.
ContinueThe system attempts to extend the round set edges towards each other without creating
additional tangent edges.
Corner SphereThe system creates a corner round as a sphere whose radius equals that of the largest
round set. You can modify the radius of the sphere and the distance along each edge to blend into the
smaller radii.
Corner SweepThe system creates a corner round as a sweep that wraps around the edge with the
largest radius.
PatchThe system creates a corner round as a patch tangent to all the edges between three or four
intersecting round set edges. You can add another radius to the transition by selecting a surface on
which to create an arc, or a radius you specify. This becomes the fourth edge of the resulting patch, and
is tangent all around.
Note: The Corner Sphere and Corner Sweep transitions apply only to corner intersections between three
round set edges. The Patch transition applies to corner transitions between three or four round edges.
a. Stop transition
Round geometry terminates at the selected surface.
IntersectSrfs
a
a. Intersect transition
Round set geometry extends until it is intersected by an adjacent round set.
Blend (for corner intersections of two round sets)
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Part
a. Blend transition
Blend Srfs (for blending two collinear round sets)
a
a. Blend transition
b. Tangent edge maintained
This is a true Rolling Ball model - as if a marble were rolled along the references, and the resulting
round geometry is the area that the marble could not intersect. Pre-existing edges of the part are
maintained, as well as tangency, as applicable.
Continue (for blending two collinear round sets with the same radius value)
a
Part
191
a. Transitions
b. Sphere
This type of corner transition was referred to as Corner Round in previous releases. The system creates
a Ball corner at the intersection of three round sets. By default, the sphere has the same radius as the
largest round set. You can modify the radius of the sphere as well as the transition distance along the
existing round radii.
Corner Sweep (for corner transition of three intersecting round sets)
a. Tangent edges
Patched surface is created between intersection points of three or four round sets. You can select three
or more round reference edges to create a patch transition, and you can select one surface on which
you want to place fillet curves.
Patch (for corner transition of four or more converging round sets)
192
Part
Part
193
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
R1 < R2 < R3
a.
b.
194
Corner Sphere
Corner Sweep
Part
c. Patch
d. Modified Patch (one fillet surface)
Notes:
1. R1, R2, and R3 are radii of respective round sets.
2. A patch corner transition can be created on three or four round edges.
3. You can modify a patch corner transition to add a fillet curve to one surface between round
edges (fillet surfaces are indicated with an arrow in this illustration).
Patch Transition
Part
195
a.
b.
c.
9.
196
Part
of the reference surfaces, and caps the round according to the geometry of the next non-tangent
surface.
- GeometryExtends the round piece by adding a round surface past the trimming boundaries that
you select.
- Stop At PntTruncates the round piece at an internal datum plane normal to the reference edge
and through a datum point on the reference edge. You can select an existing datum point, or create
one on the fly, using Datum > Point.
- Stop At PlnTruncates the round piece at a datum plane or planar surface. You can either select
an existing plane or create one on the fly, using Datum > Plane. This plane does not need to be
normal to the driving edge or surfaces of the round set.
- IsolinesTruncates the round piece at an internal plane normal to the spine of the round curve,
and through a datum point. You can select an existing datum point, or create one on the fly, using
Datum > Point.
6. Choose Done Trans from the TRANS TYPE menu to finalize the transition.
Tip: Defining a Stop Transition
When you create a stop transition, you can select adjacent surfaces whose extensions will be used to
terminate the round.
This enables you to create a different round geometry depending on which surfaces you select to define
the transition.
Part
197
198
Part
DEFAULT ATTACHMENT
TYPE A
OPTIONAL
ATTACHMENT TYPE B
OPTIONAL
ATTACHMENT TYPE C
Solid-Solid
Quilt-Quilt
(same quilt)
Quilt-Quilt
(different quilts)
N/A
N/A
Solid-Quilt
N/A
N/A
Part
199
5.
6.
7.
Select the Transitions element in the dialog box and click Define.
From the ROUND TRANS menu, click Add By Select.
Select green edges of round sets, where you want to make user-defined transitions.
If there is more than one valid transition type, move through the types and select one. If there is only
one valid transition type, it will be the default. If there is no valid transition type, the system returns to
the ROUND TRANS menu without creating any transition.
If the selected transition can be modified by additional references or dimensions, you will be prompted
to Accept or Modify the transition.
Select Accept > Done to finish the transition using the default values.
Select Modify > Done to add more references and dimensions.
Note: If the round set cannot be created with these additional or alternative constraints, the round
set geometry will disappear and you must redefine the transition or remove it.
Click Done Sel to finish the transition.
The system creates the specified transition.
To Redefine Sections
When you redefine a section, you can resketch any portion of the section. When you are about to delete an
entity that is referenced by another feature, the system asks for confirmation. You can respond in one of the
following ways:
YesThe system suspends the child feature, and regeneration may fail after you have redefined the
parent. If regeneration fails, Pro/ENGINEER enters the Resolve environment.
No (carriage return)The entity will not be deleted. You can then replace the sketched entity with
another entity, thereby keeping the reference that the child feature needs.
Abort the section redefineReroute or modify the scheme of the child feature so that the section
redefinition is successful.
You can redefine features that were created using the Sketcher text just as any other features of the same
type.
Redefining the section allows you to edit the text, modify the font, and so on.
Note: Redefining the section of a copied feature is synonymous with redefining its parent. When you
attempt to redefine a copy, Pro/ENGINEER displays the section used to define the parent.
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The following procedure explains how to replace a sketched entity with another one.
1. Sketch the entity that will be used to replace the current section entity. You can replace existing entities
with new entities only. (When an entity is split using Intersect, one part of the entity is old, and the
other is newand can be used to replace another entity of the section).
2. Choose Geom Tools from the SKETCHER menu, then Replace.
3. Select the existing entity to be replaced.
4. Select the new entity. The system deletes the old entity and any dimensions associated with it. You can
not restore the deleted entity or its dimensions.
Note: You can intersect or fillet all entities except circles without losing the children.
Old section
Step 1: Sketch 2.
Step 2: Replace 1 with 2.
Step 3: Delete 1.
Removing
To remove a section of a parallel blend,
1. Choose Redefine from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Redefine, and choose the blend feature. The system
displays the feature creation dialog box.
2. Select the Section attribute, then click Define. Pro/ENGINEER displays the SECTION menu.
3. Choose Sketch from the SECTION menu. The system displays the SKETCHER menu and displays the
blend subsections on the model.
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Use the SEC TOOLS menu Toggle option to toggle to the subsection that you want to remove.
To delete the subsection, delete all the sketcher entities that comprise it.
When you have finished, choose Regenerate to solve the section.
Choose Done. The system prompts you to enter new values for the distance between each section.
Click OK in the dialog box to regenerate the blend feature.
Adding
To add a section of a parallel blend,
1. Choose Redefine from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Redefine, and choose the blend feature. The system
displays the feature creation dialog box.
2. Select the Section attribute, then click Define. Pro/ENGINEER displays the SECTION menu.
3. Choose Sketch from the SECTION menu. The system displays the SKETCHER menu and displays the
blend subsections on the model.
4. Toggle to a blank subsection.
5. Choose Sketch, and sketch the entities for the new subsection.
6. Regenerate the sketch. Choose Done from the SKETCHER menu.
7. Enter the depth between each blend section.
8. Click OK in the dialog box to regenerate the feature.
Adding
1. Choose Redefine from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Redefine, and choose the blend feature. The system
displays the feature creation dialog box.
2. Select the Section element, then the Define button. The system displays the SECTIONS and SPECIFY
menus. The SPECIFY menu lists the existing blend sections.
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3. Choose Add from the SECTIONS menu, then choose the number of the section you are adding from
the SPECIFY menu. This allows you to insert a new section after an existing one.
For example, if you are adding a section to a blend that already has three sections, the options in the
SPECIFY menu are Section 2, Section 3, and Section 4. The Section 2 option inserts your new section
between the existing sections 1 and 2. The Section 3 option inserts your new section between the
existing sections 2 and 3. The Section 4 option places your new section after the existing section 3.
4. Enter the x-, y-, and z-axis rotation angles for the section you are creating.
5. The system displays a subwindow with the sketcher grid. Sketch the new section and regenerate it.
6. Enter the depth value for the new section.
7. Pro/ENGINEER redisplays the SECTION and SPECIFY menus, so you can redefine another section, if
desired. When you have finished, click OK in the dialog box to regenerate the feature.
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- CreateAdd additional curves to the same feature by selecting points on the model (datum points,
vertices, curves, and coordinate systems).
- Spline PntsDisplay the SPLINEPNTS menu.
- AdjustAdjust the datum curves so they intersect.
- Trim/ExtendTrim or extend selected curves up to a curve or surface.
- SplitSplit a curve at the intersection with another.
- MergeMerge curves together.
- DeleteDelete all the curves selected.
- MeasureMeasure a curve.
Note: When you redefine a From File curve with children, the Merge and Delete options are not available.
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1
2
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
To Adjust a Curve
To adjust imported datum curves so they intersect, redefine the datum curve using the Adjust option in the
EDIT CURVES menu. All curves to be adjusted must belong to the same curve feature.
1. Choose Adjust from the EDIT CURVES menu. Select one of the options from the ADJUST TYPE menu:
- FixedThe curves selected remain fixed. If you select this option for the first set of curves, the
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To Split a Curve
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Trim/Extend.
Select the curves to trim or extend. Choose Done Sel.
Select the reference curve or surface.
The system lengthens or shortens the curves, as needed, to the reference. If the curve is satisfactory,
choose Accept.
To Merge Curves
Merging curves connects imported curves at their endpoints and merges them into one curve.
1. Choose Merge.
2. Choose an option from the PICK CURVES menu, and select the curves. The PICK CURVES options are
as follows:
- Two CurvesMerge any two imported curves.
- ChainMerge connected curves that form a chain with no gaps.
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1
2
3
4
To Insert Features
Normally, Pro/ENGINEER adds a new feature after the last existing feature in the part, including
suppressed features. Insert mode allows you to add new features at any point in the feature sequence, other
than before the base feature or after the last feature.
1. Choose Insert Mode from the FEAT menu, then choose Activate.
2. Select a feature after which the new features will be inserted. All features after the selected one will be
automatically suppressed.
3. Choose Create and create the new features as usual.
4. Cancel insert mode in one of the following ways:
- Choose Resume from the FEAT menu and select to resume the features that were suppressed when
you activated insert mode.
- Choose Cancel from the INSERT MODE menu. Pro/ENGINEER asks you whether to resume the
features that were suppressed when you activated insert mode, then automatically regenerates the
part.
Note: The system grays out the Cancel and Activate options in the INSERT MODE menu in turn,
depending on whether the insert mode is currently active.
At any time, you can choose the Return option from the INSERT MODE menu to return to the previously
active menu.
If the feature after which the new features will be inserted is a merged-by-copy feature, the system
redisplays the part to show only merged features. The INSERT FEAT menu appears with the options Create
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Copy and Mirror Geom. Once you choose Done from the INSERT FEAT menu, the system redisplays the
whole part and exits Insert mode.
Reordering Features
You can move features forward or backward in the regeneration order list, thus changing the order in which
they are regenerated. You can reorder multiple features in one operation, as long as these features appear in
consecutive order.
Feature reorder cannot occur under the following conditions:
Parents cannot be moved so their regeneration occurs after the regeneration of their children.
Children cannot be moved so their regeneration occurs before the regeneration of their parents.
To Reorder Features
1. Use the command sequence Part, Feature, Reorder.
2. Specify the selection method by choosing an option from the SELECT FEAT menu:
- SelectSelect features to reorder by picking on the screen and/or from the tree tool. You can also
choose Sel By Menu to enter the feature number. When finished selecting, choose Done Sel.
- LayerSelect all features from a layer by selecting the layer. When you finish, choose Done Sel
from the LAYER SEL menu.
- RangeSpecify the range of features by entering the regeneration number of the starting and
ending feature.
3. A system message lists the selected features for reorder and states the valid ranges for the new insertion
point.
4. Choose Done from the SELECT FEAT menu.
5. Choose one of the options in the REORDER menu:
- BeforeInsert the feature before the insertion point feature.
- AfterInsert the feature after the insertion point feature.
6. Pick a feature indicating the insertion point, or choose Sel By Menu to enter the feature number.
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To Suppress Features
1. Choose Suppress from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Suppress. The system displays the SELECT FEAT
and GET SELECT menus.
2. Choose one of the following options from the DELETE/SUPP menu:
- NormalSuppress the selected feature and all its children.
- ClipSuppress the selected feature and all the features that follow.
- UnrelatedSuppress any feature other than the selected ones and their parents.
3. Select a feature to suppress by picking on it, selecting from the Model Tree, specifying a range,
entering its feature number or identifier, or using layers.
4. If any children are present and are not currently selected, the system highlights them in blue and
displays the CHILD menu. Select one of the following options:
- Show RefShow the reference identifier and highlight the reference geometry for each reference
of the highlighted child. step through the references using Next and Previous. You can also obtain
information about the reference, showing the reference identifier and the total number of
references, and what type of reference it is (feature or entity).
- RerouteReroute the references of the highlighted child feature to break the parent-child
relationship.
- Mod SchemeModify the dimensioning scheme of the child.
- SuppressSuppress the highlighted child.
- Suppress AllSuppress the highlighted child and all its children (not just children of the
childrenthis includes other children of the feature being suppressed).
- SuspendSuspend action on the highlighted child. The system retains the feature until it is
actually regenerated, at which time you must decide how to handle it (by deletion, rerouting, and
so on).
- Suspend AllSuspend action on all children of the feature being suppressed until they are
actually being regenerated.
- FreezeKeep the highlighted feature in its current location. This option is available for
components only.
- InfoProvides information about the highlighted child feature.
5. If you create a feature in a part and dimension it to another part in the assembly, the other part becomes
the external parent. If you then suppress that external parent, the system highlights all the dependent
children in blue, and displays the EXTCHILD menu. This menu allows you to abort the suppression of
the feature, or suspend all the external children.
6. Repeat Step 3 for every feature you want to suppress.
7. Choose Done when you have finished selecting features.
To Resume Features
You can resume features (restore them to a fully updated state) by choosing Resume from the FEAT menu,
or Edit > Resume. The system displays the RESUME menu, which lists the following options:
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Note: Normally, Pro/ENGINEER regenerates all the features from the first modified feature or the first
feature with an external reference, onward, when you select Regenerate. In calculating where to begin
regeneration during Delete operations, Pro/ENGINEER does not consider features with an external
reference.
To Delete Features
1. Choose Delete from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Delete.
2. Select a feature to delete.
3. If any children are present and not currently selected, follow Step 4 in the procedure for suppressing
features.
4. Choose Done when you have finished selecting features. Pro/ENGINEER deletes the selected features.
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To Reroute Features
You can either reroute features or replace references using the following steps.
1. Choose Reroute from the FEAT menu, or Edit > Reroute. The system displays the REROUTE REFS
and SELECT FEAT menus.
2. Choose one of the following options from the REROUTE REFS menu:
Reroute FeatReroute a feature by selecting new references. If the feature has missing references,
first choose one of the following options from the FEAT REROUTE submenu:
- All RefsReroute all the feature references.
- Missing RefsReroute only the missing references for the feature.
Replace RefSelect a referenced entity and replace it with another entity, as prompted. Choose an
option from the SELECT TYPE submenu. When you have replaced the references, go to Step 5.
The SELECT TYPE submenu options are as follows:
- FeatureSelect a feature, then replace all the referenced (parent) entities.
- Indiv EntitySelect an individual reference entity, such as an edge, vertex, or plane.
3. If you chose Reroute Feat in Step 2, you have the option to roll back the part to just before the feature
was created. This removes any feature created after the one being rerouted from the display. Roll back
the part if many of the features are younger than (created after) the feature being rerouted. This prevents
a younger feature from being used as a reference, which would void the reroute process.
4. Pro/ENGINEER highlights each reference of the feature, in turn. From the REROUTE menu, choose the
appropriate options then Done, and go to Step 6.
The REROUTE menu options are as follows:
- AlternateSelect or create an alternate reference for the feature. Use the Make Datum option, if
necessary, to construct new references. Make sure the datum planes themselves do not reference
the parent feature.
- Same RefThe current reference remains the same.
- Ref InfoShow information about the highlighted reference. This option gives the reference
identifier and the type of reference. This is important because you can only reroute to like
reference types.
- DoneFinish the rerouting process.
- Quit RerouteQuit the reroute for the current feature. Even when you quit the reroute process,
any datums created during feature reroute remain in the model.
5. If you chose Replace Ref in Step 2 and have successfully selected the referenced entity, the system
displays the REF REROUTE menu. Choose one of the REF REROUTE options:
- Sel FeatReroute to the new reference a selected feature only.
- All ChildrenReroute to the new reference all features that used the old reference.
6. After all the features have been rerouted, or all the references replaced, Pro/ENGINEER regenerates the
feature. If the automatic regeneration is successful, the new parent-child relationships are established; if
not, the original references are restored.
Note: To permanently retain the references defined with the automatic regeneration, you must explicitly
choose Regenerate from the PART menu before you save the part.
To Create a Shell
The Shell option removes a surface or surfaces from the solid then hollows out the inside of the solid,
leaving a shell of a specified wall thickness.
When Pro/ENGINEER makes the shell, all the features that were added to the solid before you chose Shell
are hollowed out. Therefore, the order of feature creation is very important when you use shell.
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1. Choose Shell from the SOLID menu, or choose Insert > Shell.
2. The system displays the feature creation dialog box. If desired, select the optional element Spec Thick
to specify thicknesses individually. Click Define.
3. Select a surface or surfaces to be removed. When you have finished, choose Done Refs from the
FEATURE REFS menu.
4. Enter the thickness of the wall. This thickness applies to all surfaces except those to which you assign a
different thickness.
5. If you chose the Spec Thick element, Pro/ENGINEER displays the SPEC THICK menu, which lists the
following options:
- Set ThicknssSet thicknesses for the individual surfaces.
- Reset to DefReset the surfaces to the default thickness.
Choose Set Thicknss. Select a surface and enter the thickness. Continue this process until you have
specified all the surfaces you want. When you have finished, choose Done from the SPEC THICK menu.
6. To create the shell, select OK from the dialog box (see the following figure). If you entered a positive
value for the thickness, material will be removed, leaving the shell thickness "inside" the part.
However, if you entered a negative value, the shell thickness is added to the "outside" of the part.
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Restrictions
Note the following restrictions on creating shell features:
You cannot add shells to any part that has a surface that moves from tangency to a point.
You cannot select a surface to be removed that has an adjacent surface to which it is tangent.
You cannot select a surface to be removed that has a vertex created by the intersection of three curved
surfaces.
If the part has a corner between more than three surfaces, the shell feature may be geometrically
undefined; in this case, Pro/ENGINEER highlights the trouble area. The surface to be removed must be
surrounded by edges (a fully revolved surface of revolution is not valid) and the surfaces that intersect
the edge must form an angle through the solid geometry of less than 180 degrees. As long as this
condition is met, you can pick all the sculpted surfaces as the surface to be removed.
When you select surfaces that have other surfaces tangent to them for independent thickness, all
surfaces that are tangent must have the same thickness, or the shell feature fails. For example, if you
shell a part that contains a hole and you want the thickness of the hole wall to be different from the
overall thickness, you must pick both surfaces (cylinders) that make up the hole, then offset them the
same distance.
By default, a shell creates geometry with constant wall thickness. If the system cannot create a constant
thickness, the shell feature fails.
To Create a Pipe
The pipe feature is a three-dimensional centerline that represents the centerline of a pipe.
Given the diameter of a pipe (and, for a hollow pipe, the wall thickness), a pipe connects selected datum
points either with a combination of straight lines and arcs of specified bend radius, or a spline.
After the pipe feature has been created, you can determine its length by using Info from the toolbar.
Before you start to create a pipe feature, reference datum points must already exist.
1. Choose PART (or ASSEMBLY) > Feature > Create > Solid > Pipe, or choose Insert > Advanced >
Pipe.
2. Choose from the following option pairs:
- GeometryCreate a pipe feature with a hollow or solid geometry.
- No geometryCreate the pipe trajectory only.
- HollowCreate a hollow pipe with a specified wall thickness.
- SolidCreate a pipe with solid geometry (a rod).
- Constant RadThe bend radius for all arc segments of the pipe will be the same.
- Multiple RadThe bend radius for each arc segment is specified and can be modified separately.
3. Choose Done from the OPTIONS menu.
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4. If you selected Hollow, enter the values for the outside diameter and wall thickness in response to the
prompts.
5. The system displays the CONNECT TYPE menu, allowing you to add, delete, and insert points to
redefine a pipe trajectory, as well as specify tangency to a linear trajectory.
6. You can create the pipe trajectory by connecting the datum points. One of the CONNECT TYPE menu
options can be used interchangeably on the same pipe to construct the trajectory. The options are as
follows:
- SplineCreate the trajectory as a three-dimensional spline passing through the datum points.
- Single RadCreate the trajectory by connecting datum points with alternating straight lines and
arcs with a constant radius, starting and ending with straight lines. The datum points are connected
with straight lines, then the breakpoints are filleted with the arcs of the specified bend radius.
- Multiple RadCreate the trajectory by connecting datum points with alternating straight lines
and arcs with a variable radius, starting and ending with straight lines. The datum points are
connected with straight lines, then the breakpoints are filleted with the arcs of the specified bend
radii.
You can connect datum points in a datum point array using one of the CONNECT TYPE menu options:
- Single PointSelect individual datum points. These points can have been created individually or
as part of a datum point array.
- Whole ArrayConnect in consecutive order all the points in a datum point array.
7. You can add, delete, or insert points while creating or redefining the pipe feature using the following
options:
- Add PointAdd to the definition of the curve an existing point, vertex, or curve end through
which the curve will pass.
- Delete PointDelete from the definition of the curve an existing point, vertex, or curve end
through which the curve currently passes.
- Insert PointInsert a point between already selected points, vertices, and curve ends. This
modifies the curve definition to pass through the inserted point. The system prompts you to select a
point or vertex before which to insert.
8. Use one of the techniques below to complete the creation of the pipe trajectory, depending on the
option you chose:
- SplineStart picking points; the system connects them with a spline.
- Single RadPro/ENGINEER prompts you to enter a bend radius value after you have selected the
third datum point of the trajectory. The system uses this radius for all the other bends in the current
pipe feature.
- Multiple RadPro/ENGINEER prompts you to enter a radius value for each bend defined by
three consecutive points. The SEL VALUE menu lists all the existing radius values for this pipe.
Either select one of the listed values, or choose the New Value option and enter the new value.
- Spline (alternating with either Single Rad or Multiple Rad)Create a trajectory for the first
option, then the other. Connect the trajectory points accordingly.
Note: As you select datum points, the system constructs segments of the pipe feature. If a segment
cannot be constructed, Pro/ENGINEER ignores the last datum point selection.
9. When you have finished creating the trajectory, choose Done.
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Example: Pipe
Hollow pipe feature with geometry
Side view
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Part
Pipes
When the pipe has been created, you can modify the diameter, wall thickness (if any), and bend radii.
You can redefine the feature attributes by toggling between the following OPTION menu options:
- Geometry and No geometryIf you choose Geometry, Pro/ENGINEER constructs the pipe
feature with hollow or solid geometry. If you choose No geometry, the system constructs the pipe
trajectory with no hollow or solid geometry.
- Hollow and Solid.
You cannot redefine the pipe trajectory type. In addition, you cannot toggle between the following pipe
attributes:
- Line/Arc and Spline
- Constant Rad and Multiple Rad
You can redefine the feature references. When you choose References from the REDEFINE menu,
Pro/ENGINEER redisplays the CONNECT TYPE and GET SELECT menus.
Note: You can insert datum points as you redefine a pipe feature. To do this, the datum points must be
older than the pipe feature. If they are not, you can reorder them.
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Compound pipe
1
3
4
1
2
3
4
First array
Intermediate point, located on the line connecting points 2 and 3
Second array
First pipe created through points 0, 1, 2, and 6 with bend radius R1; second pipe created through points
6, 3, 4, and 5 with bend radius R2
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Each individual geometry segment of the feature, whether a single feature or a pattern, can be set to a line
style; they do not all have to be the same.
When you redefine a cosmetic feature, the line style can not be changed. If the line style does not have the
default width, or if it uses a user-defined font, it is replaced with the appropriate default values.
Choose Feature > Create > Cosmetic > Sketch, or Insert > Cosmetic > Sketch.
Choose Regular Sec, and Xhatch or No Xhatch.
Set up sketching references and sketch the feature. Choose Done when finished.
The system displays the cosmetic feature in cyan. If you selected Xhatch, the cross-hatch is displayed
in yellow.
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Choose Cosmetic from the FEAT CLASS menu, then Sketch from the COSMETIC menu.
Choose Project Sec and Done.
Select the surfaces onto which the feature will be projected and choose Done Select and Done Refs.
Set up the sketching plane.
Specify section references, sketch the section, and choose Done.
a.
b.
c.
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Sketched section
Surface for projection
Resulting feature
Part
PARAMETER VALUE
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
MAJOR_DIAMETER
Number
THREADS_PER_INCH
Number
THREAD FORM
String
Thread form
CLASS
Number
Thread class
PLACEMENT
Character
Thread placement
(A-external, B-internal)
METRIC
TRUE/FALSE
Thread is metric
You can manipulate thread parameters as you can manipulate other user-defined parametersyou can add,
modify, delete, or display them using options from the MODEL PARAMS menu.
To access the MODEL PARAMS menu, choose Parameters from the appropriate SETUP menu, then choose
Feature from the OBJ PARAMS menu and select a thread to have its parameters modified.
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For example, if you chose Blind, the system prompts for the depth.
7. Enter the diameter of the thread. The system displays a default value of the diameter of the cylinder.
8. Whether a thread is external or internal is determined by the geometry of the thread surface. If it is a
shaft, the thread is external; if it is a hole, the thread is internal.
9. For an internal thread, the default diameter value is 10% larger than the hole diameter. For an external
thread, the default diameter value is 10% smaller than the shaft.
10. Pro/ENGINEER displays the FEAT PARAM menu with the options Retrieve, Save, Mod Params, and
Show. If desired, select one of these options. Choose Done/Return.
11. If you are satisfied with the definition of the thread, click OK in the dialog box.
a.
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Surface
Part
b. Thread surface
c. Length
Through Thread
a
b
a. Surface
b. Thread surface
c. Ending edge+
Sample threads appear in the following figures.
Internal thread from the round up to the chamfer
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Restrictions on UDFs
Consider the following restrictions when working with UDFs:
When creating a UDF or copying features, you cannot mix features from the merged geometry group
(created with the By Copy option) with features outside of this group.
Parameters not used in relations are not copied with UDFs to another part.
A UDF created in Part mode can be used in Assembly mode to create assembly features, as long as that
UDF does not contain features that are not allowed for assembly features (such as rounds).
When you copy a group with an advanced round which contains user-defined transitions, the system
removes user-defined transitions from the resulting feature. Redefine the round transitions in the new
feature, as appropriate.
Dimension Types
You can create a UDF with the following dimension types:
Variable dimensionsDimensions for which you will enter values when you place the UDF in a part.
Invariable dimensionsDimensions that you will not change when you place the UDF in a part.
Table-driven dimensionsDimensions and dimension tolerances for which values are given in a family
table. Every instance in the family table has its own dimension values.
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- SubordinatePro/ENGINEER copies most of the information from the original part at run time.
Notes:
- A standalone UDF cannot have an assembly as a reference model, but a subordinate UDF can.
- Punch and Notch UDFs (Pro/SHEETMETAL) cannot be subordinate.
4. The system displays the UDF feature creation dialog box with the following elements:
- FeaturesSelect features to include in the UDF.
- Ref PromptsEnter prompts for specifying placement references. The system will print these
prompts to guide you when you place the UDF.
- Var ElementsSpecify feature elements that you want to be able to redefine when you place the
UDF in a part.
- Var Dims(Optional) Select dimensions that you want to modify when you place the UDF in a
part and enter prompts for them.
- Dim Prompts(Appears if Var Dims is defined) Select dimensions whose prompts you want to
modify and enter new prompts for them.
- Dim Values(Optional) Select a dimension that belongs to the UDF and enter its new value.
- Family Table(Optional) Create a family table of UDFs.
- Units(Optional) Change the current units.
- Ext Symbol(Optional) Include external dimensions and parameters in the UDF.
5. Choose the Features element and Define from the dialog box.
6. Pro/ENGINEER displays the UDF FEATS menu, which lists the following options:
- AddAdd a feature to the UDF.
- RemoveRemove a feature from the UDF.
- ShowHighlight all the features in the UDF.
- InfoList all the features in the UDF in the Information Window.
7. Choose Add from the UDF FEATS menu.
8. Using the SELECT FEAT menu, select the features to add to the UDF. When you have finished, choose
Done from the SELECT FEAT menu and Done/Return from the UDF FEATS menu.
9. Enter the prompts for the references used by the selected features. The system highlights each reference
and asks you to enter the prompt. For example, if you enter [bottom surface] for the highlighted
surface, then when you place the UDF, the system will prompt you, "Select the bottom surface."
When you specify a prompt for a placement reference that is used by more than one feature in the UDF,
the system lets you specify either single or multiple prompts for this reference. Choose the desired
option from the PROMPTS menu and then select Done:
- SingleSpecify a single prompt for the reference used in several features. When the UDF is
placed, the prompt appears only once, but the reference you select for this prompt applies to all
features in the group that use the same reference.
- MultipleSpecify an individual prompt for each feature that uses this reference. If you select
Multiple, the system highlights each feature that uses this reference, so you can enter a different
prompt for each of them.
10. After you have entered all the prompts, the system displays the MOD PRMPT and SET PROMPT menus
so you can change any prompt as follows:
Use Next and Previous from the MOD PRMPT menu to select the prompt you want to change, and enter
the new prompt instead.
To change a single prompt (specified for the placement reference used in several features) into multiple
prompts, find a prompt that you want to change, choose Multiple, and enter an individual prompt for
each feature, as prompted by the system.
11. If you are satisfied with the prompts, choose Done/Return from the SET PROMPT menu.
12. The required elements in the UDF dialog box have been defined. You can complete the creation of the
UDF by choosing Done/Return from the UDF menu and then clicking OK in the UDF dialog box, or
define any optional elements as described in the following sections.
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When you add an instance of a subordinate UDF on a model, the system copies any Pro/PROGRAM
control statements that affect the UDF features into the model, and executes the program. Pro/ENGINEER
also copies INPUT statements (see the Fundamentals manual). You copy relations in the same way as
regular UDFs.
Note: The control statements are copied only once at placement time. They are not recopied on
regeneration, even if the group is UDF-driven.
228
Part
EraseNotDispErase all the objects that are not being displayed in the current session.
PurgePurge all previous copies from the disk.
InstDbmsGenerate an instance index file for UDF instances regenerated and stored in the current
directory. See Introduction to Pro/ENGINEER for more information.
Delete AllDelete the UDF from memory and disk.
Note: When you use DBMS options, consider their effects on UDFs. When UDF-driven groups are present
in your part, renaming and deleting removes needed references.
Part
229
230
Part
- If you want to redefine the missing references, choose Confirm from the CONFIRMATION menu.
The system places you in the feature creation environment so you can redefine the feature element
that uses the skipped reference.
- If you do not want to redefine the missing references, choose Cancel from the CONFIRMATION
menu. The system displays the GP REFS menu. Place a check mark in front of the references that
you want to respecify and choose Done. The system brings up the SEL REF menu with the
Alternate and Skip options so you can resume the process of specifying the references that you
identified with the checkmarks.
Note: The Skip option is available for features created in Release 16.0 and later through the dialog user
interface.
10. After you complete the placement process, the GRP PLACE menu appears with the following options:
- RedefineRedefine the group references in the same way as you defined them. For more
information, see the following section.
- Show ResultPreview the geometry.
- InfoShow the current status of the group prompts.
11. If you are satisfied with the group placement, choose Done from the GRP PLACE menu. The system
creates the group.
Part
231
left mouse button. Dimension the section to the part and regenerate it. To quit section placement,
press the middle mouse button.
Note: The DragAndDrop option is not available for the sections that are either fully aligned to part
geometry or created with the Use Edge option.
- Create NewDiscard the existing UDF section and create a new section. Confirm your intent by
choosing Confirm. The SKETCH menu appears and you can sketch a new section.
When you redefine a missing reference used by several features, consider the following:
If the skipped reference has a single prompt for all features, you must redefine this reference for each
feature where it is used. For example, if you use an edge to place a hole and a cut, and you have set up a
single prompt for both features, you must reselect the reference edge for both the hole and the cut if you
skip the edge reference when you place the group.
If the skipped reference has individual prompts for all features, you must redefine this reference only
for the feature where it was skipped.
232
Part
Part
233
Replacing a Group
After you placed the UDF, you can replace it with another one that has the same number of references and
lists them in the same sequence.
When you replace the group, the system suppresses the original group and keeps it in the model. The
suppressed groups are available for selection when you replace the group next time.
Children of the suppressed group are suppressed with the group. For example, when you replace a
patterned group, the pattern becomes inactive, and it becomes active when the original group is replaced
back.
In a group defined from a UDF that has a family table, you can replace any instance with any other instance
of the same family table.
Note the following restrictions:
Both groups must have the same number of prompts, type, and order of references. For example, a
group that uses a linearly placed hole can not be replaced with a group that uses a radially placed hole;
one has two references to edges or surfaces for linear dimensions, the other has one reference to axis for
rotational center and one reference to the edge or surface for angular dimension. These are not
compatible.
Groups with suppressed children cannot be replaced.
Local groups can not be replaced.
To Replace a Group
Each time a group is replaced, Pro/ENGINEER keeps track of the group being replaced as it becomes
inactive and adds it to a list of inactive groups.
To replace one group with another or replace a group with an instance from a family table, follow these
steps:
1. From the GROUP menu, choose Replace.
2. Select the group feature to replace in the part using the SELECT FEAT menu.
3. Select the new UDF to place on the part to replace the group selected in Step 2. Choose Retrieve or
Search/Retr to retrieve a new UDF for placement, or choose PrevReplaced to select from the namelist
of the groups that has been previously replaced.
Note: If the group is table-driven, you must also select an instance.
4. If the old and new groups are interchangeable, the system proceeds with the selections for scale and
variable dimensions (if any).
5. If any features reference the group, the CHILD menu appears, which allows you to reroute, delete,
suspend, or suppress the child feature. In this case, the Suppress option means that Pro/ENGINEER
will make the child feature inactive, along with the group being replaced. As soon as you place the
group back, the system resumes the child feature.
6. The replaced group and its children (if suppressed) become inactive.
Replacement Conditions
The system always attempts replacement for group instances that are from the same family table. The
following examples illustrate how the system attempts replacement for groups that are not members of the
same table or that do not have a defined table.
The system attempts replacement when the types of references are similar. For example, the existing
group has the following references and prompts:
- edge"left edge"
234
Part
- surface"place surface"
- axis"Axis"
If the replacement group has the following references and prompts, Pro/ENGINEER replaces the
groups:
- edge"left edge"
- surface"place surface"
- axis"axis"
Replacement is not possible when the types of references are different. For example, the existing group
has the following references and prompts:
- edge"right"
- surface"left"
If the replacement group has the following references and prompts, Pro/ENGINEER does not replace
the groups:
- edge"right"
- edge"left"
To Pattern a Group
You can pattern groups created from UDFs and local groups using Pattern from the GROUP menu.
You can select all the dimensions in the selected group as incremental dimensions except those used to
create a feature pattern within the group. When you create a patterned group, one member represents the
whole group. When regenerating, however, Pro/ENGINEER regenerates all the features individually.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Part
235
How to Mirror All Geometry at One Time and Create a Merge Feature
1. Choose Mirror Geom from the FEAT menu.
2. Select a plane about which to mirror.
a.
236
Mirror plane
Part
a.
b.
Mirror plane
Cut added after mirror
Note: Mirroring coordinate systems follows the right hand rule. Pro/ENGINEER mirrors the x- and y-axes
of the coordinate system appropriately, then determines the Z-axis.
Part
237
238
Part
Part
239
1 Flip arrow
Okay
Flip
240
Part
1.
2.
3.
4.
Part
241
- When you use the Thru Until option for an extruded feature, the feature cannot terminate on a
datum plane. Use the
UpTo Surface option to select the terminating datum.
- When you use the THRU UNTIL option for a blend, you can select a datum plane to terminate the
feature, but the datum plane must be parallel to the sketching plane.
- Protrusions created with the THRU NEXT option cannot terminate on a datum plane.
- Thru Next, Thru Until, and Thru All are not available when you create surface features.
- Thru All is available for protrusions only if the part has existing geometry.
Some tips for using the "through" options:
- Use a through option (Thru All, Thru Until, or Thru Next) when you want the feature to
terminate on a specified surface.
- Use Thru Next when the feature should stop at the first surface it reaches.
- Use Thru All when the feature should stop at the last surface it reaches.
- Use Thru Until when you want to pick the termination surface.
- Through features do not have a parameter associated with the extrusion depth. Modifying the
terminating surface alters the depth of the feature.
242
Part
After
Part
243
After
Both sides
244
Part
1
2
3
4
Valid depth options for removing material in holes, cuts, and slots
Placement surface
c
b
a
1
a.
b.
c.
1.
2.
3.
Part
Thru Next
Thru Until
Thru All
Next surface
Until surface (Blend) or UpTo surface (Extrude)
Thru All surface
245
3
4
6
a.
b.
c.
d.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Blind
Thru Next
Thru Until
Thru All (Blend)
Placement surface
Next surface
From surface From To (Blend), or UpTo surface (Extrude)
To surface
Thru All surface
Until surface
Using a datum plane as an "up to" reference - using both sides and Up To Surface
Original part (sketch on datum plane)
1
2
From surface
Up To surface
Same view after feature creation
246
Part
3
2
1
2
3
Sketching plane
Up To Surface
Feature created using Both Sides
Part
247
5. To complete the feature creation, click the middle mouse button or choose another command. The
system regenerates the feature automatically.
Attributes
Section
Direction
Angle
248
Part
60.00
1
2
Axis of revolution
Sketching plane
Part
249
1
2
3
250
Axis of revolution
Direction of feature creation
Section
Part
1
2
1
2
3
Axis of revolution
Direction of feature creation
Section
1
2
Part
Section
Axis of revolution
251
After
252
Part
1
2
3
4
Edge reference
Surface to be removed
Surface reference
Resulting round
a.
Part
253
a.
b.
a.
b.
254
Part
Surf-Surf
a.
b.
Edge-Surf
a
a.
b.
c.
Part
255
2. Create two round sets (you can use the same references)
2
a. Non-tangent edge.
3. Transition type Continue
3
View A
256
Part
View A
a.
Full round
a.
b.
Part
257
258
Part
Part
259
when required geometric references are available for feature definition). Because you have not finished
feature creation, the system can not generate geometry for the incomplete feature.
An incomplete feature differs from a failed feature in the following respect: It is intended to be left
unfinished until the design intent is clarified or geometry it depends on becomes available. A fully defined
feature cannot be made incomplete.
Incomplete features are listed in the feature status column of the Model Tree as "Incomplete".
The following operations can not be performed on incomplete features:
- Pattern
- Copy
- UDF creation
- Local group
- Reroute
- Modify
- Feature relations
To leave a feature incomplete when creating a feature,
1.
2.
3.
4.
Parent-Child Relations
After you have created the base feature, you can add other features. The order of creating features is
important. A feature does not "know" anything about the features that are created later.
For example, if you create a hole using the Thru All option, then add a protrusion at its bottom, the hole
will not penetrate the protrusion. You can change the order in which features are regenerated using the
Reorder option in the FEAT menu. Using this example, if you reordered the protrusion before the hole, the
hole would then penetrate the protrusion.
260
Part
For placement or dimensioning references, each feature depends on one or more of the earlier features and
is considered to be the "child" of these features. This parent-child relationship is very important when you
modify a part. When you suppress or delete a parent, the system asks what action to take for its children,
including whether to suppress or delete them.
Note that you cannot reorder features so the child is "earlier" in the feature list than the parent. However,
you can modify parent-child relationships using Reroute, or Redefine > Scheme in the FEAT menu.
CONFIGURATION OPTION
CONTROLLING DISPLAY
Datum plane
datum_display
Datum axis
axis_display
Datum point
datum_point_display
datum_point_symbol_display
datum_point_tag_display
Coordinate system
display_coordinate_sys
Datum curves are unaffected by any of these options for datum display. If you want to blank a datum curve,
place it on a layer and blank the layer. Similarly, you can "turn off" the display of individual datum features
or datum name text by placing them on a layer, then blanking the layer.
You can also reassign the colors of datums and datum tags by choosing View > Model Setup > Color &
Appearances.
Part
261
Choose Insert > Datum > Plane or click the plane button on the datums toolbar.
Choose the desired constraint option from the DATUM PLANE menu.
Pick the necessary references on the model.
Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until you have established the necessary constraints.
Choose Done to create the datum plane, Restart to respecify all the constraints, or Quit to abort.
262
Part
Datum Constraints
The following datum constraints can only be used alone, because each completely locates the datum plane:
- Through/PlaneCreate a datum plane coincident with a planar surface.
- Offset/PlaneCreate a datum plane that is parallel to a plane and is offset from the plane by a
specified distance (see the figure below).
- Offset/Coord SysCreate a datum plane that is normal to one of the coordinate system axes and
offset from the origin of the coordinate system. When you select this option, the system prompts
you to select the axis to which the plane will be normal. Enter the offset along this axis.
- BlendSectionCreate a datum plane through the section that was used to make a feature. If
multiple sections exist, as for a blend, the system prompts you for the section number.
The offset of an Offset, Plane and Offset, Coord Sys datum plane is a parameter that can be used (for
example, in patterns or relations) and modified.
Part
263
for revolved geometry, where the orientation of the datum makes no difference.
When you specify the orientation of these datum planes, use additional constraints, otherwise the system
may change the orientation when you modify the part.
264
Part
Through cylinder
Part
265
266
Part
an axis does not already exist). Select a cylindrical surface or revolved surface. Note that some
features that only appear to be cylindrical, such as a remove surface round, cannot be selected.
- Two PlanesCreate a datum axis at the intersection of the two specified planes (datum planes or
surfaces). The two planes cannot be parallel, but they do not have to be shown to intersect on the
screen.
- Two Pnt/VtxCreate an axis between two datum points or edge vertices. Select the datum points
or edge vertices.
- Pnt on SurfCreate an axis through any datum point located on a surface. You did not have to
create the point using the On Surface option. The axis will be normal to the surface at that point.
- Tan CurveCreate an axis that is tangent to a curve or edge at its endpoint or any datum point on
the curve. Select the curve or edge to be tangent to, then select an endpoint of the curve or edge.
3. Pick the necessary references for the selected option.
Tips for creating datum axes:
You can set a configuration file option to specify continuous datum axes creation to avoid making
multiple menu picks for each axis. To do this, set the configuration file option
repeat_datum_create to yes.
In the process of defining a datum axis, you may need to create a datum point "on-the-fly", for example,
when you use the Pnt on Surf or Pnt Norm Pln option.
Part
267
quilt, the point references the whole quilt rather than the particular surface on which it was created.
- Offset SurfCreate a datum point offset in a specified direction from a surface at a specified
distance from two referenced placement planes or edges.
- Curve X SrfCreate a datum point at the intersection of a curve and a surface. The curve can be a
part edge, surface feature edge, datum curve, axis, or an imported datum curve. The surface can be
a part surface, surface feature, or datum plane.
The system creates the datum point at the location at which the surface and the curve intersect that
is closest to the "pick" used to select the curve. The system "remembers" the initial pick location
on the curve, not on the surface. For example, if you modify the angle used to place a datum plane,
Pro/ENGINEER places the point at the nearest corresponding intersection of the curve and planar
surface.
- On VertexCreate a datum point on the vertex of a part edge, surface feature edge, datum curve,
or imported wireframe.
- Offset CsysCreate a datum point array at an offset from one or more coordinate systems.
Note: You can only change the array of one or more datum points created using Offset Csys by using
the Redefine command.
- Three SrfCreate a datum point at the intersection of three surfaces. Each surface can be a part
surface, surface feature, or datum plane.
- At CenterCreate a datum point at the center of an arc, circle, or elliptic entity
- On CurveCreate a datum point on an edge or curve with a parameter value for its location that
references the length along the curve from one of its vertices.
- Crv X CrvCreate a datum point on one curve that is located where it is the minimum distance to
another curve. The curves do not need to intersect.
- Offset PointCreate one or more datum points at an offset from a point or vertex.
Choose Done from the DTM PNT MODE menu.
3. Select the necessary entities to constrain the location of the point.
Notes:
In certain cases, you cannot individually select multiple datum points created as a single feature. In
these cases, Pro/ENGINEER does not allow you to pick the points.
You can also create datum points in the Sketcher.
268
Part
contains rows of offsets in the appropriate format, or the name of an IGES file. The ASCII file format
can contain point numbers in the first column. When the system reads the file, these numbers are
ignored.
The ASCII file should be formatted so the three coordinates for each point are on one line. If more than
three numbers are on one line, the system assumes the second, third, and fourth are the coordinates of
interest. This means that you can number datum points, if desired. You can separate the coordinates
using spaces or tabs, and the coordinates can be integers or floating-point numbers. The file name
should end with the extension ".pts".
You can use any combination of these techniques for the current coordinate system. When a datum point
array is created, the system immediately displays points that have been successfully read or entered (before
you select Done) as white Xs without tags.
Part
269
- Length RatioExpress the distance from the point to the curve vertex as a ratio of the total length
of the curve, shown as a fraction in decimal form. Enter a ratio value between 0 and 1, where 0 is
at the vertex from which you are measuring, and 1 is at the other end of the curve. For example,
entering .25 places the datum point at 1/4 of the curve length from the vertex from which the
measurement is made toward the end. The default value given in the dimension prompt is the
location at which you selected the curve or edge. Pro/ENGINEER displays the dimension as #
REL.
- Actual LenDimension the point by measuring a specific distance from the vertex of the curve.
Enter a value between 0 and the total length of the curve. The system displays this range in the
prompt for the value. Pro/ENGINEER displays the dimension as # LEN.
3. Select the edge or curve at the location where you want to add the datum point.
4. If desired, continue adding points along this curve or edge.
5. Choose Done when you have finished adding points.
6. Enter dimensions for each of the datum points.
Note: If you choose Length Ratio or Actual Len, the dimensions are only within a tolerance limit
determined by the part accuracy and are not necessarily exact. After you complete the feature, the system
displays the accuracy in a message. However, if you choose Offset, the dimensions used are exact.
270
Part
Part
271
Index
3
3D sweep........................................ 146, 147
creating ............................................... 147
A
Advanced command ............................... 188
ROUND SETS menu........................... 188
Ambiguity .................................................. 88
resolving................................................ 88
Angle of revolution .................................. 248
revolved feature .................................. 248
Angular reference ..................................... 98
creating ................................................. 98
Approximate curve.................................. 185
benefits and drawbacks ...................... 185
Arrowhead .............................................. 116
switching display ................................. 116
Assembly feature .................................... 216
pipe ..................................... 216, 217, 218
Axis command ........................................ 265
Datum menu........................................ 265
B
Base feature ..................................... 62, 258
datum plane as.................................... 258
thin ........................................................ 62
UDF as ................................................ 258
Blend command...................................... 147
SOLID OPTS menu............................. 147
Blend feature147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154,
155, 156, 201, 202
adding section ............................. 201, 202
capping ............................................... 155
closed rotational .................................. 156
closed section ..................................... 153
creating ............................................... 149
creating a general ............................... 156
creating a parallel................................ 152
dimensioning a section........................ 152
imported from file ................................ 151
importing ............................................. 150
making cuts in a parallel...................... 152
modifying imported.............................. 152
non-parallel ................................. 153, 154
open rotational .................................... 156
redefining section ................................ 202
removing section ......................... 201, 202
sections ............................................... 149
sketching active section ...................... 152
specifying tangent surfaces................. 154
Part
C
C1 continuous........................... 81, 171, 183
curves.................................................. 183
helical sweep profile ............................ 171
spinal bend............................................ 82
C2 continuous......................................... 183
curves.......................................... 183, 184
Centerline ............................................... 248
revolved feature .................................. 248
Chain .............................................. 185, 186
selecting .............................................. 185
Chamfer command ................................... 33
SOLID menu ......................................... 33
Chamfer feature........................................ 33
creating corner ...................................... 33
creating edge ........................................ 33
dimensioning schemes.......................... 33
Color ....................................................... 260
datums ................................................ 260
Composite datum curve .......... 183, 184, 186
approximate ........................................ 184
exact.................................................... 184
naming ................................................ 186
redefining ............................................ 186
Constraints.............................................. 262
datum plane ........................................ 262
Coordinate system........ 52, 53, 54, 110, 258
creating ................................................. 52
default ................................................. 258
from file ................................................. 53
offset ..................................................... 53
renaming ............................................. 110
Copy command......................................... 39
FEAT menu ........................................... 38
Copying features. 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 50, 234
datum curve .......................................... 50
in a group ............................................ 234
mirroring ................................................ 42
moving................................................... 42
new references................................ 40, 41
same model........................................... 40
same references ................................... 41
translating.............................................. 43
Cosmetic command ................................ 218
FEAT CLASS menu ............................ 218
Cosmetic feature............................. 218, 219
projected section ................................. 219
273
D
Datum axis........ 95, 110, 112, 260, 264, 266
color .................................................... 260
modifying............................................. 112
naming ................................................ 264
patterning .............................................. 95
renaming ............................................. 110
streamlined.......................................... 266
Datum curve43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 177,
178, 181, 182, 183, 204
at surface intersections ......................... 44
composite.................................... 183, 184
copying.................................................. 50
creating a sketched ............................... 43
formed ................................................. 177
from equation ........................................ 50
importing ............................................... 44
offset from boundary ............................. 49
offset from surface ................................ 46
projected ............................................. 178
redefine from file ................................... 44
redefining ............................................ 203
sketched................................................ 43
split........................................................ 46
streamlined............................................ 44
through points ..................................... 181
two-projection........................................ 50
using cross section................................ 45
Datum plane110, 112, 258, 260, 261, 262,
274
263
changing size ...................................... 261
constraints................................... 262, 263
creating ............................................... 261
creating on-the-fly ............................... 260
default ................................................. 258
modifying............................................. 112
names ................................................. 260
offset ................................................... 258
redefining ............................................ 263
renaming ............................................. 110
selecting .............................................. 260
streamlined.......................................... 261
Datum point ............ 214, 266, 268, 269, 270
array .................................................... 214
creating on a curve or edge................. 268
redefining ............................................ 270
sketched.............................................. 268
Datum point
creating on-the-fly ............................... 269
Datum point array ................... 267, 268, 270
creating ............................................... 268
modifying............................................. 269
options................................................. 267
Dependent features .................................. 43
Depth attribute ........................................ 240
Dimension112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 203,
223, 224
deleting................................................ 203
invariable............................................. 224
modifying............................................. 112
modifying format.................................. 115
modifying location ............................... 115
moving text.......................................... 115
obsolete............................................... 203
precision.............................................. 113
redefining scheme ............................... 203
switching arrowheads.......................... 116
table-driven ......................................... 224
types.................................................... 223
variable................................................ 224
Dimension symbol .................................. 114
modifying............................................. 114
Direction arrow.......................................... 61
Dome feature .......................................... 132
Draft command ......................................... 64
TWEAK menu ....................................... 64
Draft feature................ 64, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73
angle ..................................................... 70
multiple............................................ 72, 73
neutral curve ................................... 73, 74
neutral plane ......................................... 67
no-split neutral plane ............................. 69
reference plane ..................................... 64
restrictions............................................. 64
split lines ............................................... 70
Part
split-at-plane.......................................... 69
split-at-sketch ........................................ 70
variable ........................................... 65, 66
E
Ear command ......................................... 138
TWEAK menu ..................................... 138
Ear feature .............................................. 138
Evaluate command ................................... 56
Datum menu.......................................... 56
Evaluate feature.................................. 56, 57
creating ................................................. 56
relations ................................................ 57
External symbols .................................... 227
defining ............................................... 227
Extrude command................................... 240
SOLID OPTS menu............................. 240
Extrude feature ............................... 246, 247
creating ............................................... 246
direction of creation............................. 246
section................................................. 247
sketching feature................................. 247
streamlined.......................................... 246
F
Feature38, 39, 42, 43, 62, 64, 65, 110, 111,
116, 124, 125, 149, 166, 167, 171, 208,
209, 210, 211, 212, 224, 234, 239, 240,
258, 259
adding ................................................. 259
blend ................................................... 149
copy by moving ..................................... 42
copying.................................... 38, 39, 234
creating first ........................................ 258
deleting ............................................... 210
deleting suppressed ............................ 210
dependent ............................................. 43
depth options............................... 149, 240
draft........................................... 64, 65, 66
helical sweep....................................... 171
incomplete................................... 258, 259
independent .......................................... 43
modifying multiple sections ................. 111
modifying names ................................. 110
patterning ............................................ 234
protrusion (see Protrusion).................... 62
read only ............................................. 110
redefining ............................................ 116
reordering............................................ 208
rerouting .............................................. 211
resolving failure ................................... 124
resuming ..................................... 209, 210
specifying side..................................... 239
suppressing......................................... 209
swept blend ......................................... 166
Part
thin revolved.......................................... 61
unsuppressing..................................... 209
user-defined (see UDF)....................... 223
Flange command ...................................... 31
SOLID menu ......................................... 31
Flange feature........................................... 31
Formed datum curve....................... 177, 178
on quilt................................................. 178
on solid surface ................................... 177
G
General patterns ....................................... 93
Geometry checking................................. 129
Graph................................................ 56, 164
evaluation............................................ 164
mapping .............................................. 163
redefining .............................................. 56
Graph command ....................................... 55
Datum menu.......................................... 55
Groove command ..................................... 62
COSMETIC menu ................................. 62
Groove feature.................................... 62, 63
creating ................................................. 62
Group.............. 228, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235
changing type...................................... 228
failed regeneration .............................. 231
local..................................................... 232
operations ........................................... 232
pattern restrictions............................... 235
patterning ............................................ 234
replacing.............................................. 233
Groups ............................................ 236, 237
suppressing individual members . 236, 237
H
Helical sweep feature ..................... 171, 173
creating ............................................... 173
with constant pitch............................... 171
with variable pitch................................ 173
Helical Swp command ............................ 171
ADV FEAT OPT menu ........................ 171
Hole command.......................................... 23
SOLID menu ......................................... 23
Hole dialog box ......................................... 23
Hole feature .............. 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 240
blind..................................................... 240
creating sketched .................................. 25
creating standard .................................. 26
creating straight..................................... 23
placing a linear ...................................... 28
placing a radial ...................................... 28
placing by dimensioning ........................ 28
placing on datum plane ......................... 28
placing on surface ................................. 28
standard charts ..................................... 26
275
I
Identical patterns ...................................... 93
Importing blends ..................................... 152
Independent features................................ 43
Insert....................................................... 208
feature ................................................. 208
Instance .................................................. 100
spacing and size ................................. 100
Intent Chain command.............................. 86
CHAIN menu ......................................... 86
Intent Surfs command............................... 86
SURF OPTIONS menu ......................... 86
Internal identifier ..................................... 210
Invariable dimensions ............................. 223
L
Line style ........................................ 112, 218
MODIFY menu .................................... 112
modifying............................................. 112
setting ................................................. 218
Lip command .......................................... 141
TWEAK menu ..................................... 141
Lip feature............................................... 140
Local Push command ............................. 131
TWEAK menu ..................................... 131
Local push feature .................................. 131
height .................................................. 131
M
Messages ............................................... 129
geometry check................................... 129
Mirror command........................................ 42
FEAT menu ........................................... 42
Mirror Geom command........................... 235
FEAT menu ......................................... 235
Model Player........................... 127, 128, 129
Modify ............. 110, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116
cutout feature ...................................... 111
decimal places ............................ 113, 114
dependent copy................................... 112
dimension format................................. 115
dimension text ..................................... 115
dimensions .......................... 112, 113, 115
feature names ..................................... 110
flipping dimension arrows.................... 116
merge feature...................................... 111
N
Neck command......................................... 30
SOLID menu ......................................... 30
O
Offset command ..................................... 137
276
P
Parallel blend feature .............................. 201
add or remove a section...................... 201
Parallel projected blend .......................... 152
cuts in.................................................. 152
Parent-Child relations ..................... 211, 259
Part ......................................................... 117
merging ............................................... 117
Part accuracy.................................. 122, 123
absolute............................................... 123
assigning other part accuracy ............. 123
modifying............................................. 122
relative................................................. 123
Pattern command ..................................... 92
FEAT menu ........................................... 92
Pattern feature92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100,
101, 104, 105, 106, 107
angular reference .................................. 98
benefits.................................................. 92
datum axes............................................ 95
deleting................................................ 105
dimension........................ 95, 96, 101, 104
dimension accuracy ............................ 107
general .................................................. 93
identical ........................................... 92, 93
instance................................................. 93
modifying............................................. 105
modifying relations ................................ 93
modifying table-driven ......................... 106
parameters .......................................... 101
redefining .............................................. 94
reference ............................................. 105
restoring relations.................................. 94
rotational ............................................... 96
rules .................................................... 104
table-driven ......................................... 105
types................................................ 92, 93
varying..................................... 92, 93, 100
Pipe command........................................ 213
SOLID menu ....................................... 213
Pipe feature ............ 213, 214, 215, 216, 217
connections ......................................... 217
creating ....................................... 214, 215
Pitch........................................ 171, 173, 220
cosmetic threads ................................. 220
graph in helical sweep......................... 173
helical sweeps..................................... 171
Point command....................................... 266
Part
R
Radius Dome command ......................... 132
TWEAK menu ..................................... 132
Redefine ........................... 56, 116, 117, 203
dependent copy................................... 116
dimensioning scheme ......... 116, 117, 203
features with elements ........................ 116
graph..................................................... 56
imported geometry .............................. 117
merged part......................................... 117
sketch.................................................. 116
sketching plane ................................... 116
surface feature .................................... 117
Reference features ................................... 87
creating ................................................. 87
Regen Info .............................................. 127
Relations........................... 57, 126, 166, 203
constraint violation .............................. 127
evaluate feature .................................... 57
obsolete .............................................. 203
parametric graph ................................. 166
sweep.................................................. 166
Reordering features ................................ 208
Replacement conditions ......................... 233
group........................................... 233, 234
on replacing a group ........................... 233
Resume .................................................. 209
feature ................................................. 209
Revolved feature............................. 247, 248
about ................................................... 247
angle of revolution............................... 248
creating ............................................... 247
sketching ............................................. 248
streamlined.......................................... 247
Rib feature ................................................ 34
rotational ............................................... 34
straight .................................................. 34
Rotational command............................... 156
BLEND menu ...................................... 156
Round command ...................................... 85
SOLID menu ......................................... 85
Part
S
Section Dome command ........................ 133
TWEAK menu ..................................... 133
Section dome feature.............. 133, 134, 136
blended ....................................... 134, 136
restrictions........................................... 133
swept................................................... 134
Shaft command......................................... 30
SOLID menu ......................................... 30
Shaft feature ............................................. 30
Shell command ....................................... 212
SOLID menu ....................................... 212
Shell feature.................................... 212, 213
creating ............................................... 212
restrictions........................................... 213
Simplified representation118, 119, 120, 121,
122
accelerated.......................................... 121
creating ............................................... 119
editing.................................................. 120
erasing ................................................ 121
features ............................................... 119
using work region ................................ 120
Sketch command .................................... 268
DATUM POINT menu.......................... 268
Sketcher section ..................................... 200
redefining ............................................ 200
replacing.............................................. 200
Sketching plane ...................................... 116
redefining ............................................ 116
Slot command......................................... 238
SOLID menu ....................................... 238
Spinal Bend command.............................. 81
TWEAK menu ....................................... 81
Spinal bend feature................................... 85
redefining .............................................. 85
Spline.............................................. 204, 205
277
T
Table-driven dimensions......................... 223
Tangent spine ........................................... 81
Text......................................................... 112
moving ................................................ 112
Tolerance................................................ 113
modifying............................................. 113
Toroidal bend feature.......................... 79, 80
278
creating ................................................. 80
properties .............................................. 79
ToroidalBend command............................ 79
TWEAK menu ....................................... 79
Trajectory................ 142, 143, 162, 163, 171
helical sweep....................................... 171
rules for defining.................................. 142
variable section sweep ........................ 163
Trajpar .................................................... 163
in sweeps ............................................ 163
Transitions ...................... 193, 195, 196, 200
default corner ...................................... 195
defining by select ................................ 200
defining by type ................................... 193
patch ................................................... 196
stop ..................................................... 196
Tweak features ......................................... 63
U
UDF223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230,
231, 232
changing group type............................ 228
creating ............................................... 224
DBMS functions .................................. 227
defining................................................ 224
defining skipped references ................ 230
defining variable dimensions ............... 226
dimension types .................................. 224
failed regeneration .............................. 231
local groups......................................... 232
placing................................................. 229
Pro/PROGRAM ........................... 226, 227
required information ............................ 224
restrictions........................................... 224
using to create a group ....................... 228
UDF
library .................................................. 228
UDF Library command............................ 224
FEAT menu ......................................... 224
V
Variable dimensions ............................... 223
Varying patterns........................................ 93
W
Work region ............................................ 120
for simplified representations .............. 120
Part