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United States Becomes a World Power __ Purchase Alaska from Russia, 1896 = Led revolt against Queen Liliuokalani to gain Hawaii, 1893 War with Spain under false pretenses, 1898. gained Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam Aided Panama in gaining ieee from Colombia, 1903 3 4 Causes of World War 1 Nationalism: a belief that your country deserves more success than others Imperialism: building an emperor by adding colonies System of Alliances: agreements between nations to support and defend each other; partnership Militarism: building a strong military to frighten or defeat other countries he How could these 4 ideas create the perfect storm « Pea , _ that would lead 8 | uy } \3@ to a world war? AliedPowers = =~ ~— Central Powers Britian Germany France Autria-Hungary Russia Ottoman Empire Italy Bulgaria War Begins Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the future emperor of Austria- Hungary was assassinated while visiting Serbia because Serbain nationalists feared persecution. In 1914, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. Russia, Serbia's ally, came to its defense. Then Germany invaded Belguim and France. France was also allied with Russia. The war had begun. War Nationalism was strong in Europe, so thousands of young men signed up to serve in the military. This war would be fought like no other before it. Both sides used trench warfare. Soldiers would fight, eat, and sleep in the trenches. They were easy to fire from and offered some protection. Europe was covered with thousands of miles of trenches by the time the war was over. New Weapons rifles Advances in weaponry machine guns made WWI the most grenades destructive war in barbed wire history. poison gas flamethrowers mortars artillery tanks aircraft submarines United States and World War 1 Most Americans wanted to stay out of the war, and Woodrow Wilson was committed to neutrality. German submarines were sinking British ships that carried trade goods. In 1915, the Lusitania was sunk. It was a British passenger ship that had many Americans on it. Germans agreed to not to attack passenger ships, but broke its word and started attacking American ships. In April of 1917, the United States declared war on the Central Powers and joined the Allied Powers. oJ y Note Warns Germany Any Farther Attack = = Will Be“ Unfriendly” On the Homefront The soldiers fighting in Europe needed ships, trucks, pistols, cannons, uniforms, gas masks, and helmets. Businesses and workers back home supported the soldiers buy producing war supplies. The economy grew. Limits, called rations, were set on civilians for items like meat and sugar. The government used propaganda to shape people's thinking. Propaganda was used to keep a positive attitude toward the war, for voluntary rationing, and for recruiting soldiers. save Along with food rationing, citizens were asked to plant Liberty bonds were sold victory gardens. People grew tg support allied causes vegetables, fruit, and herbs in WWI. It was considered at home and in public parks. your patriotic duty to buy them. Opportunities at Home Because so many men were in Europe fighting, businesses had to find a new source of employment. African Americans left the south and went to northern cities where they worked in factories. They earned good wages and respect for helping with the war effort. Women took jobs that had previously only been available to men. They made weapons, repaired care, delivered the mail, and directed traffic. Once society saw how well women handled working, attitudes toward women voting changed. Congress passed the 19th almenoment in n 1919 giving Victory When the United States entered the war, fighting had been going on for three years already. Adding fresh US troops helped the Allies win important battles. The Central Powers realized they couldn't win and signed an armistice, or agreement ending the war. The war ended on November 11, 1918. . GERMANS SIGN. ARMISTI WORLD WAR COMES TO The Treaty of Versailles In January 1919, leaders of the Allied Powers met in France to write a treaty. Many European leaders blamed Germany for the war, and used the treaty to punish Germany. Germany lost colonies, gave land to France, and had to pay reparations. Germany did not participate in the writing of the treaty. The League of Nations was also created. This created a way for nations to peacefully resolve problems. German was not allowed to be a part of the League of Nations. The Senate refused to approve the League of Nations because they thought it would cause us to be involved in future wars. What to know for the test: Be able to list the 4 causes of the war and how they attributed to the war. Define alliance. Explain what African Americans and women did during the war. Know the purpose of the League of Nations Explain what trench warfare is and how it was different from the way wars used to be fought. Understand why people moved to cities during the war. Be able to list the Allied Powers and the Central Powers. Know the two events that explicitly led to war. Explain why the United States entered the war. What happened to Germany as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. Explain how the government created more supplies for troops during the war. Explain why the US did not join the League of Nations.

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