United States Becomes a World Power
__ Purchase Alaska from Russia, 1896 =
Led revolt against Queen Liliuokalani to gain
Hawaii, 1893
War with Spain under false pretenses, 1898.
gained Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and
Guam
Aided Panama in gaining ieee from
Colombia, 1903 34 Causes of World War 1
Nationalism: a belief that your country deserves more success
than others
Imperialism: building an emperor by adding colonies
System of Alliances: agreements between nations to support
and defend each other; partnership
Militarism: building a strong military to frighten or defeat other
countries he How could these
4 ideas create
the perfect storm
« Pea , _ that would lead
8 | uy } \3@ to a world war?AliedPowers = =~ ~— Central Powers
Britian
Germany
France Autria-Hungary
Russia Ottoman Empire
Italy
BulgariaWar Begins
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the future emperor of Austria-
Hungary was assassinated while visiting Serbia because
Serbain nationalists feared persecution.
In 1914, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
Russia, Serbia's ally, came to its defense.
Then Germany invaded Belguim and France. France
was also allied with Russia.
The war had begun.War
Nationalism was strong in Europe, so thousands of young
men signed up to serve in the military. This war would be
fought like no other before it.
Both sides used trench warfare. Soldiers would fight, eat, and
sleep in the trenches. They were easy to fire from and offered
some protection.
Europe was covered with thousands of miles of trenches
by the time the war was over.New Weapons
rifles Advances in weaponry
machine guns made WWI the most
grenades destructive war in
barbed wire history.
poison gas
flamethrowers
mortars
artillery
tanks
aircraft
submarinesUnited States and World War 1
Most Americans wanted to stay out of the war, and
Woodrow Wilson was committed to neutrality.
German submarines were sinking British ships that carried
trade goods. In 1915, the Lusitania was sunk. It was a
British passenger ship that had many Americans on it.
Germans agreed to not to attack passenger ships, but broke
its word and started attacking American ships.
In April of 1917, the United States declared war on the
Central Powers and joined the Allied Powers.
oJ y Note Warns Germany
Any Farther Attack
= = Will Be“ Unfriendly”On the Homefront
The soldiers fighting in Europe needed ships, trucks, pistols,
cannons, uniforms, gas masks, and helmets.
Businesses and workers back home supported the soldiers buy
producing war supplies. The economy grew.
Limits, called rations, were set on civilians for items like meat
and sugar.
The government used propaganda to shape people's thinking.
Propaganda was used to keep a positive attitude toward the
war, for voluntary rationing, and for recruiting soldiers.
saveAlong with food rationing,
citizens were asked to plant Liberty bonds were sold
victory gardens. People grew tg support allied causes
vegetables, fruit, and herbs in WWI. It was considered
at home and in public parks. your patriotic duty to buy
them.Opportunities at Home
Because so many men were in Europe fighting, businesses
had to find a new source of employment.
African Americans left the south and went to northern cities
where they worked in factories. They earned good wages
and respect for helping with the war effort.
Women took jobs that had previously only been available to
men. They made weapons, repaired care, delivered the mail,
and directed traffic. Once society saw how well women
handled working, attitudes toward women voting changed.
Congress passed the 19th almenoment in n 1919 givingVictory
When the United States entered the war, fighting had been
going on for three years already.
Adding fresh US troops helped the Allies win important battles.
The Central Powers realized they couldn't win and signed an
armistice, or agreement ending the war. The war ended on
November 11, 1918. .
GERMANS SIGN. ARMISTI
WORLD WAR COMES TOThe Treaty of Versailles
In January 1919, leaders of the Allied Powers met in France to
write a treaty.
Many European leaders blamed Germany for the war, and used
the treaty to punish Germany.
Germany lost colonies, gave land to France, and had to pay
reparations. Germany did not participate in the writing of the
treaty.
The League of Nations was also created. This created a way
for nations to peacefully resolve problems. German was not
allowed to be a part of the League of Nations.
The Senate refused to approve the League of Nations because
they thought it would cause us to be involved in future wars.What to know for the test:
Be able to list the 4 causes of the war and how they attributed to the war.
Define alliance.
Explain what African Americans and women did during the war.
Know the purpose of the League of Nations
Explain what trench warfare is and how it was different from the way wars used to be
fought.
Understand why people moved to cities during the war.
Be able to list the Allied Powers and the Central Powers.
Know the two events that explicitly led to war.
Explain why the United States entered the war.
What happened to Germany as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.
Explain how the government created more supplies for troops during the war.
Explain why the US did not join the League of Nations.