Abrasion- type of wound when the skin is scraped off.

Heals by itself, but quicker

if maintained clean.
Incision- cut or injury caused by a sharp object such as a knife, scissors or razor
blade. Can be healed by stitches.
Puncture- wound caused by a sharp object such as a pin, nail, or pointed
instrument. Can be healed by itself but it prone to the tetanus bacteria.
Laceration- wound involves tearing of the tissues by the way if excessive force. If
the wound is deep, contamination may lead to infection, apply pressure.
Avulsion- when the tissue is torn or separated from the victims body. Treatment
may contain a surgical reattachment.
Amputation- when a body part is cut off and separated from the body. If the body
part is preserved it can be reattached in surgery.

Define the following and list 3 symptoms of this and treatment: In First AidChapter
Fracture- A break in a bone.
o Symptoms: deformity, limited motion or loss of motion, pain and
tenderness at the fracture, swelling, and discoloration
o Treatment: maintaining respirations, treating for shock, keeping the
broken bone from moving, and preventing further injury. Devices such as
splints, and slings can be used for this.
Dislocation - When the end of a bone is either displaced from a joint or moves
out of its normal position within a joint.
o Symptoms: deformity, limited or abnormal movement, swelling,
discoloration, pain, tenderness
o Treatment: the affected part must be immobilized in the position in which it
was found, use a splint or sling, no attempt to reduce the dislocation
(replace the bone in the joint)
Sprain- An injury to the tissues surrounding a joint. It usually occurs when the
part is forced beyond its normal range of movement.
o Symptoms: swelling, pain, discoloration, and sometimes, impaired motion
o Treatment: application of cold to decrease swelling and pain, elevation of
affect part, and rest.
Strain- the overstretching of a muscle; it is caused by overexertion or lifting.
o Symptoms: sudden pain, swelling, and/or bruising
o Treatment: resting the affected muscle while providing support, bedrest
with a backboard under the mattress is recommended for a strained back,
cold applications to reduce swelling, warm/wet applications are main
treatment later
Define shock, give 3 symptoms and treatment in First Aid Chapter:
Shock is a life-threatening medical condition of low blood flow to tissues resulting
in the body part shutting down.
The body part is cold, pale, and clammy
Eliminate the cause
List how a shock patient is positioned based on the following situations:

If a patient is vomiting, bleeding from the mouth, or has jaw injuries

Position the victims body on either side. This allows the fluid to drain and
prevents the airway from becoming blocked.
If the patient has difficulty breathing
Position the victim on the back but raise the head and the shoulders slightly to
aid breathing,
If the patient has a head injury
Position the victim lying flat or with the head raised slightly
If the patient is in shock with none of the following above

Position the victim lying flat on on the back. To improve circulation raise feet and
legs 12 inches, if raising the legs causes pain or leads to difficult breathing, lower
the legs to flat position.