Framework of Convergence for

Resilience: From Concept to Local

Actions
Zenaida Delica-Willison
Center for Disaster Preparedness
Convergence Forum,
31 August, 2016
Iloilo Cityl

Objectives
At the end of this session, we would have:
1. Explained the contextual frame for
convergence towards resilience.
2. Defined the concept of disaster risk
reduction and climate change adaptation
and their relation to sustainable
development
3. Provided examples of local actions towards
community resilience.

WHAT DO YOU SEE?

Center for Disaster Preparedness Inc

Context

Context of the WCDRR

Common Agenda
Hyogo Framework for Action in 2005: provided
guidance to the integration of adaptation and DRR
through:
identification of climate related risks
improved use of climate risk information
design of risk reduction measures

Bali Action Plan in 2007: enhanced adaptation

through:
risk management
and disaster risk reduction strategies

Post-2015, a common agenda

A great opportunity for
mutual reinforcement of
disaster risk reduction,
climate change adaptation
and sustainable
development to align
targets & indicators across
agreements and
instruments.

Hazard
Hazard is an
event or
occurrence that
has the
potential to
harm life and
damage
property and
the
environment.

Excessive rain
Typhoons
Flash floods
Urban areas under water

More frequent and severe

flooding and storm surge

More intense and prolonged drought

Vulnerability

Vulnerability is
a set of
conditions that
reduces
peoples ability
to prepare for,
withstand or
respond to a
hazard

Irrigation problem results

to poor harvest

Source of Images: http://www.philstar.com/headlines/622449/alert-new-typhoon, http://climatedesk.org/2012/07/americas-corn-farmers-high-and-dry-as-hope-witherswith-their-harvest/

Increase in diseases related

to insect bites

Soil erosion
River erosion

Sources of Images: http://www.dmc.gov.lk/hazard/hazard/Report.html, http://centerforoceansolutions.org/climate/impacts/cumulative-impacts/coastalerosion

Wetlands are disappearing

Scarcity of water
2015, Zamboanga City.
CDPFI. Be Secure project

Animal habitat decreasing results to

animal and plant extinction

Global Warming

Rise in worlds temperature due to

greenhouse effect.

 indicates that a one-meter

rise in sea level is
projected to affect 64 out
of 81 provinces, covering
at least 703 out of
1,610 municipalities, and
inundating almost 700
million square meters of
land. The red mark
indicates provinces that
are at threat.

World Risk Index 2014:

Philippines is second to overall
risk
From No 3 in 2013, 2012 and
2011
No.1 in Climate Risk Index in
2015

Basic Terms and Concepts

Hazard Events

Unsafe Conditions
D

Hazard

I
S
A
S
T
E
R

Vulnerability

Capacity
Capacities are those
positive conditions or
resources which
increase a
communitys ability
to deal with hazards.

Disaster
A serious disruption
of the functioning of a
community causing
widespread human,
material or
environmental losses
which exceed the
ability of the affected
community to cope
using its own
resources

The Concept of Disaster Risk

If readiness (and
capacity) is
insufficient

If vulnerabilities
are too great
If the scale of
hazard is too big
Then, the risk is
too high,
emergencies may
not be managed
locally, the
communities may
not cope,

DISASTER will
occur.

Conflict, Complex and compounded

emergencies
Hunger, Famine
Set back years of development gains

For both CC and DR

Risk is socially constructed.
Poverty, inequality and disempowerment breed vulnerability that
increases disaster and climate related risk.
Development that doesnt consider environmental impacts can
create or increase disaster risk and can hasten climate change
-- which negates positive effects of development.
Disasters caused by both natural, human made and climate
change can be seen as politically attractive

Who are mostly affected by both Climate Change and

Disasters?:
-- the poorest communities making livelihoods and
living condition more vulnerable to shocks and other
hazards.
-- the entire society
-- global

People understand poverty,

disasters and climate change in a holistic way

Disasters

Climate
Change

security and wellbeing, livelihoods and assets

Disaster Risk Reduction

Poverty Alleviation
Climate Change Adaptation
Climate change is an issue, but only one of many interrelated challenges - POVERTY, DISASTERS, FOOD
SECURITY, SOCIAL PROTECTION
Vulnerability, poverty and climate change are caused
by unsustainable patterns of development patterns o
development
Considerable risk of duplication of efforts resources
consumed within inefficient bureaucratic channels
Thus, the need for convergence of various frameworks

 CC Adaptation is about coping and dealing with the

consequences of changing climate.
Disaster Risk Reduction is the conceptual
framework to minimize or reduce disaster risks
throughout a society
-- to avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and
preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards,
within the broad context of sustainable
development.
Climate change is a major hazard.

Sustainable Development

DRRM
DRR/CCA
Every
day
Prevention
Mitigation
Preparedness
Adaptation

DM
Events
Response
Operations
Recovery
Activities

Reducing Disaster and Climate related Risks:

short-, medium-, long-term measures
Addressing vulnerabilities and
roots of vulnerabilities
Solving development problems
(poverty, livelihood insecurity,
control over and access to
resources, environmental
constraints, etc)
A BIG CHALLENGE

Integrated climate change impacts assessment Horizontally

integrated

Global

Global
Warming

Regional
Local
sectoral

coastal

Storm surge,
sea-level rise

water

Flood risk

agriculture

Drought risk

health

Epidemic risk

Local Actions
Risk awareness, and participatory risk assessment
hazard analysis and vulnerability/capacity analysis

Climate Awareness and Education

Knowledge development
Participatory planning
education, training, research and information

Public commitment and institutional frameworks

organization, policy, legislation and community action

Local Actions
Application of measures
environmental management, land-use and urban planning,
protection of critical facilities, application of science and
technology, partnership and networking, and financial
instruments

Early warning systems

forecasting, dissemination of warnings, preparedness
measures and reaction capacities
Community Based/Managed Disaster Risk Reduction and
Community Based/Managed Climate Change Adaptation

Examples of Community
Actions:
Construction of elevated
wells + latrines + hygiene
promotions
Elevated pig barns
Tree planting: bamboo,
mangroves
River banks: rehabilitation
and village regulation
Provision and promotion of
elevated houses
Floating alternative houses
and livelihoods

Urban DRR Project by CENTER FOR

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Strengthening Resilience
to Disasters among
Vulnerable Urban Poor
Communities in Manila,
Philippines

Disaster and climate risks in urban areas

Children and youth are confronted
by various disaster and climate risks:
Natural Hazards:
typhoons, earthquakes
Human Made: fire, demolition,
exploitation, pollution
Combination: flooding, extreme
heat, environmental problems
(garbage, sanitation, water), climate
changing, etc..

Urban poor situation

Extreme poverty
Lack of livelihood
opportunities
Insufficient basic services
Lack of activities or steps to
alleviate suffering, reduce
vulnerabilities of urban poor
youth and their families.
Victimized

The Project
Three year project
aimed at increasing
capacities of children
and youth in selected
communities and
helping them become
resilient against threats
from various hazards,
including climate
change.

Projects Objective
1. Increase awareness and
knowledge of children
and youth, communities
and government agencies
regarding disaster and
climate risks.

Projects Activities
To attain the
objective:
Youth-led Barangay
Level activity
Youth-led City Level
activity
Training youth DRR
champions
Public fora

Projects Activities

2. Contribute in the
development/improve
ment of the city and
barangay counter
disaster plans.

Projects Activities
This is accomplished by undertaking
the following steps:
Participatory Risk Assessment Workshops
BDRRM Planning Workshop
Contingency Planning
Development of Child Protection Strategy
Presentation of BDRRM plan in the city
Incorporation of the BDRRM plan in the
city plan

Projects Activities
3. Assist children and

youth in planning and

implementing their
own small-scale
climate smart DRR
project that will help
decrease the risks and
effects of hazards that
may confront them in
the future.

Project Areas
4 BARANGAYS

4 BARANGAYS

3 CITIES
12 BARANGAYS

Project Areas

Brgy.
Batis
Brgy.
Corazon de
Jesus
Brgy.
Salapan

Brgy.
West
Crame

Project Partners
DFATAustralia
Plan
International

CDP
CHILDREN & YOUTH

Barangay

Objectives of Disaster Risk Reduction and

Climate Change Adaptation Measures:
Community Resilience

HVc
Community at-risk small capacity

HvC
Resilient community

Thank you