Punching shear

Analysis and design

Oscar Carmona
Senior project Engineer

2015

CONTENT

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Introduction: different codes, theories, software

General equation to calculate ultimate stress
Geometry properties of shear-critical section
Design considerations
Ductility requirements
Drop panels
Slab openings
Examples

1. Introduction: different codes and theories

1. Introduction: software

SOFTWARE

ACI-318 ACI-421.1R

Codes for check and design of Punching Shear

Considerations
ACI-421.2R-10 ACI352.1R-11 CSA A23.3
Rebar ties Stud rails
for ductility

NO

NO

YES

Decon Stud Rail Design V3.05

V.92
V.02
V.05
V.05

R-99

V.04

YES

NO

YES

SAFE

V.08

Implicit R-99

V.04

NO

YES

YES

Ram Concept

V.99
V.05
V.08
V.11

R-99

V.04

NOT FOR PS

YES

YES

Adapt-Builder

Desimone Spreadsheet

Remarks
Not good for corner column
analysis
Sign convention
SR fy=51ksi
AS 3600, BS 8110, EC2-04, Hong
Kong CP-04, IS 456, NZS 3101,
etc.
Sign convention
AS 3600, BS 8110, EC2
* Calculation according to
Ghali & Elgabry, 1990
* Not infallible when
calculating perimeter of shearcritical section
-

2. General equation for ultimate stress

ACI 318

ACI 421.1

=
+
+

Regarding to centroidal principal axes of shear critical section. Special

considerations may apply when vu occurs at a single point (see app. B)

3. Geometrical properties
ACI 421.1R-08 Centroid of shear-critical section
The critical section perimeter can be considered as composed
of straight segments

For centroid: 1st moment of line

=
=

3. Geometrical properties
ACI 421.1R-08 Principal axis of shear-critical section
The critical section perimeter can be considered as composed of straight segments

=
For inertia: analogous to 2nd moment of line, by d

2
+ + 2
3

2
+ + 2
3

Coordinates respect to the centroidal principal axis

= cos + sin

2 + + + 2
6

2
tan 2 =
= sin + cos

For calculating shear stresses on shear-critical sections beyond the reinforced area, ACI 318 refers to ACI 421.1R

3. Geometrical properties
Closed circular shear-critical section

For punching shear, perimeter of shear-critical section with equivalent square column section is
up to 20% greater.

3. Geometrical properties
ACI 421.1R-08

Forces in the shear-critical section

(+ )

= +
= +

Forces in principal axis

(rotated axis)
= cos sin
= sin + cos

Go to comparison chart

4. Design considerations
ACI 421.1R-08
Interior column

= 1

= 1

1
2
1+
1 1
3
1
2
1+
1 1
3

Edge column

= 1

2
1+
1 1
3
1
= 1
2
1+
0.2
3
(but = 0 when lx/ly < 0.2)

Corner column

= 0.4
= 1
(but

2
1+
0.2
3
= 0 when lx/ly < 0.2)

4. Design considerations
ACI 318-08

1
2
1+
3

1 /2

(ACI 318-08, EQ.13-1)

For non-prestressed slabs with unbalance moments, it shall be permitted to increase :

Edge or corner columns with unbalanced moments about and axis parallel to the edge, = 1.0 provided that 0.75 at edge support, or
0.5 at corner support
Interior supports and edge columns with unbalanced moments about an axis perpendicular to the edge, increase to as much as 1.25 times the
value from eq. above, but not more than = 1.0 provided that 0.4 (ductility requirements)
= 1 (ACI 318-08, EQ.11-37)

ACI 318-14

No specific equations for in

edge and corner columns

Go to comparison chart

4. Design considerations Shear reinforcement

Stirrups

Stud Shear Reinforcement (SSR)

From ACI 421.1R-08

Fy = 60,000 psi

From ACI 421.1R-08

Fy = 51,000 psi minimum per ACI 318 and ASTM A1044
According to experimental data, Fy can be as high as 72,000 psi.
Higher strengths (than 51,000 psi) are expected in future versions of
ASTM A1044

5. Ductility requirements (ACI 421.2R-10)

Relation with drift and stresses due to gravity loads without moment transfer

Unbalanced design moment:

Flat plate-column connections should have a punching shear strength
able to resist the factored shear force Vu and factored unbalanced
moment Mu due to gravity loads combined with the design story drift
during an earthquake.
Frame analysis (simplified elastic analysis):

5. Ductility requirements (ACI 421.2R)

Relation with drift and stresses due to gravity loads without moment transfer

= 3

6. Drop panels
ACI 421.1R-08: with or without reinforcement, this practice is not recommended

Megally & Ghali, CI Magazine - 2002

ACI 421.1R-08 Shear capitals

7. Slab Openings
ACI 352.1R-11 and ACI-318

8. Design examples
The example was taken from SAFE design verification files for all interior, edge and corner column and it was compared with other tools

7. Miscellaneous