www.huytraining.

com

2016
BIM CHO NGI
NG M
I HC

Tc gi: Mr. Tal

www.huytraining.com

MC LC
1. TNG QUAN ............................................................................................................... 1
2. Common Data Environment (CDE) ............................................................................... 3
3. Common Data Environment - Cc la chn ................................................................... 8
4. Thng tin l tt c ....................................................................................................... 9
5. Augmented Reality (AR) - Cng ngh tng cng thc t ............................................ 14
6. BIM Level 2 .............................................................................................................. 18
7. BIM 3D, 4D ............................................................................................................... 22
8. D ton 5D ............................................................................................................... 40
9. BIM Content ............................................................................................................. 43
10. BIM Protocols............................................................................................................ 44
11. Employers Information Requirement (EIR) ................................................................. 47
12. BIM Execution Plan (BEP) K hoch Trin khai BIM .................................................. 58
13. Qun l d liu - Data management - dRofus ............................................................. 66
14. Cc loi m hnh 3D .................................................................................................. 73
15. Phn mm cho 3D Design.......................................................................................... 79
16. BIM Capacity Assessment .......................................................................................... 85
17. BIM for Analysis and Simulation BIM cho phn tch v m phng .............................. 91
18. BIM Standard - Tiu chun BIM ............................................................................... 102
19. Revit Template........................................................................................................ 108
20. Point Cloud ............................................................................................................. 121
21. Viewer .................................................................................................................... 134
22. BIM Field BIM Thc a, BIM Cng trng ............................................................. 141
23. Tm tt .................................................................................................................. 150
24. COBie - BIM ngn v di hn ................................................................................... 157
25. Lifecycle BIM .......................................................................................................... 172
26. Kt lun .................................................................................................................. 180

www.huytraining.com

1. TNG QUAN
Lt mtt vng trn google ting
ti
vit th mnh cm thyy cc trung tm BIM
u ch yu
dy phn mm nh
Revit, Naviswork, Tekla m khng thy
th y cours no vv ni v quy
trnh BIM c. c mt ltt mnh cng
c
thy c t bi ni n
n cc b
bc c th thc hin
BIM trong mt d n.
Do ny rnh ri, mnh l m chm mt cht v quy trnh BIM, km theo m
mt s hng
dn chi tit thc hin
n BIM nh th
th no. Hy vng mang n
n cho cc b
bn tr ci nhn tng
quan, c th v thc tin
n hn v
v BIM.
Phn ln cc v d hocc ti liu
li s ch yu theo tiu chun
n Anh v
t c BIM Level
2, ti v mnh ch bitt BIM Anh . Hn na, hin ti trn th gi
i, v mt qun l nh
nc th Anh l nc c b
tiu chun thc hin BIM tin tin nh
t nn cc bn ng s
kin thc s b lc hu.
Cng ni lun l mnh cng
ng t dng
d
ting vit lm vic k thutt nn ch
chc chn t ng s
kh ln xn v thnh thong
ng ti
t ngha, hy vng cc bn cc xong gp
mnh sa.
nh ngha BIM l g cc b
n c th tm thy khp ni, cc bn
n ss cc nhm chn nu
mnh nhc li y. Nn theo mnh
m
ti y ch nn ngh n gin
n BIM l qu trnh tto,
qun l v s dng
ng thng tin cho d
d n xy dng.
BIM l cng ngh.
Mnh ngh cc bn
n trn ketcau a phn
ph l k s, thng
ng thch ci g cc th v cng ngh
nn mnh bt u bng
ng ci hnh ny:

Hng th nhtt l cc giai on

o thc hin mt d n xy dng Anh h
hin ti. Ci ny chc
khng khc VN l my,, nm na l c 8 giai on.
o
Giai on
n 0 v 1 l b
bt u hnh thnh
d n nn ch yu l ch u
t chm ming vi kin
n trc s hay . Giai on 2 l thit
1

www.huytraining.com

k s b, 3-4 l k thut chun b xy. Giai on 5 l qu trnh xy dng, 6 l chuyn

giao v 7 l vn hnh, blah, blah
Bn no thch th c th tm hiu chi tit cc giai on th c thm
https://www.ribaplanofwork.com/Download.aspx
Cc giai on thit k c nhc li y ni l p dng BIM su hay cn, s dng
cng ngh g ph thuc rt nhiu vo giai on thit k.
Cc hnh di l cc cng ngh hoc phn mm m bn mnh ang s dng cho mi
giai on thit k tng ng. Cc bn c th thy l Revit ch l mt im chm nh trong
bc tranh phn mm s dng trong qu trnh BIM, v thng c dng t Stage 2 n
4/5. Bi th, BIM khng phi ch l REVIT, Navisworks hay m l rt rt nhiu cng
ngh v phn mm c kt hp v dng chung.
Nhc li l y ch l mt trong s cc phn mm m bn mnh la chn v ang dng.
Trn th gii, mi mt phn on ca BIM, c rt nhiu phn mm sn c cho cc bn
chn. V hng ngy cng c nhiu phn mm mi ra i, start-up phn mm cho BIM c
th ni l mt trong nhng ngch bng n nht hin ti. Mnh nhn mnh im ny
cc bn b nh kin BIM l Revit hay mt phn mm no y .
Mnh xin i vo chi tit hn cc phn on phn mm s dng trong BIM. Chi tit hn v
s dng phn mm nh th no th mi cc bn n trung tm hoc mua sch v hc .

www.huytraining.com

2. Common Data Environment (CDE)

Common Data Environment (CDE):
(CDE) ci ny nm ngay di dii cc giai o
on thit k v
ko di t Stage 0 n
n Stage 7.

CDE l ci quan trng nht,

t, l xng sng
s ng cho qu trnh BIM. CDE l mi tr
trng thu
thp, qun l, truyn tii v lu tr
tr d liu (hnh hc v phi hnh hc)
c) cca d n. Thng tin
m cc bn tham gia d n to
t ra phi c trao ii trn CDE. M
Mi d n c duy nht
mt CDE gip cc thnh vin d n d dng cng tc vii nhau v trnh thng tin b
b
trng lp v nhm ln.
CDE thng c thit lp
p ngay t
t u ca d n (0-1), i t thitt kk (3-4), n thi cng
(5) bn giao (6), duy tr trong lc vn
v hnh cng trnh (7) v cc gi
gi li ngay c khi cng
trnh b p b. Nu l mtt ci CDE tt,
t th n s cha tt c cc thng tin cca cng trnh.
Chc chn cc bn tng
ng nghe BIM gip trao i
thng tin ttt hn, ccng tc tt hn, thit
k hiu qu hn, thi cng chnh xc hn blah blah blah l nh
nh vo c
ci ny y .
Ph ph, ton ch l ch m th nhn
nh l vit xong vn thy m h
nn ly my ci v d
cho d hiu.
Hin ti mi cng ty thit l
p mt mng ni b (intranet) chia s
file ni b vi nhau..
Cc cng ty nh tm 10-20
20 ngi
ng th thit lp cc intranet nh vvi 1 vi server nhng
cng phi c ngii duy tu bo
b dng, ri ro server b chp in
n hay cng cng cao.
Cc cng ty ln
n thi c cc Data Center to hn nhng
nui ii ng
ng k s tin hc cng
rt tn.
y l v phn cng,
ng, cn phn
ph
mm na, d liu
u trn cc server n
ni b phn ln u
c qun l theo dng
ng th mc
m m mi khi tm mt file phii duy
duyt cy th mc cht
thi. Cc cng ty ln hn mt
m to nh c mt s phn mm
m qu
qun l ti liu. Tm li,
cng vic lu tr v qun
n l d
d liu khng phi l vic ca
a cng ty xy d
dng (khoa hc
qun l d liu
u cha bao gi
gi l d ). mt cng v tin nh th
nhng hin ti, trong
mt d n, email vn
n l phng tin
ti
thng dng nht cc cng ty trao
i file vi
nhau.
Gn y in
n ton m my (cloud
(
computing) pht trin
n th cc bn chia ss thng tin vi
nhau qua mt mi trng
ng chung nh Dropbox, Google Drive, FTP Cc bn
t thng tin
(bn v, sn phm)
m) ln y,

ai cn tham kho g th ln ly v.. M

My ci ny tin hn rt
nhiu so vi email nhng
hng m vn
v
l mi trng tnh. Cng l qu
n l th mc v im
3

www.huytraining.com

yu na
a l n khng cho php bn
b theo di s thay i trong sutt qu trnh thi
thit k, m
iu ny l khng th trnh khi.
kh Dropbox cng tt nhng bn ch xem c cc file ph
bin nh .doc, .pdf.
df. Cc file k
k thut nh dwg hay revit th thc s b tay. Bn phi ti n
v, v my phii ci Revit th mi
m xem c n l ci g.
Bi th cc bn tham gia thit
thi k vn theo quy trnh giy. Mii ng tham gia d
d n nh
kin trc, kt cu, in n
c... u c mt hp h s (bn v,, thng ss k thut ca sn
phm), mi ln i hp m
i ng mang mi hp i, thay i ch no th nh du , du
xanh iu ny dn n
n nhiu
nhi khi thng tin b mtt mt v ng A c th
th khng s dng
thng tin cuii cng m ng B a cho
c
n khi hon cng th to
o mt
m bn copy, qu tri l giyy giao cho ch
ch u t, vy l xong.
Ri ci hp giy s cc ch
ch u t ct u y m khong
ng 10 nm sau l khng bi
bit
n b ph bi u. Nn trong qu trnh
tr
vn
n hnh (Stage 7), c th
th ng bo tr phi t
to li thng tin t u,
u, v d
d mun sn li ci nh th phi t i o li din tch cc
phng chng hn.
Vy l BIM ra i,
i, m ci u
tin l mi trng
ng thng tin chung CDE. CDE c nhi
nhiu chc
nng, t cc Level 2 UK, CDE c vn hnh
nh theo tiu chu
chun PAS 1192-2, di
y mnh gii thiu mtt vi chc
ch nng chnh:
1. CDE trc htt l lu tr thng tin trn cloud, cng trnh c
a cc bn s c lu
tr u trn th
th gii, trong cc Data center ca
a Google, Amazon an ton
tuyt i ngang vii d
d liu ca cc ngn hng hay b qucc phng M
M . Bi v d
liu trn my nn cc bn
b truy c th truy cp bt k khi no v u. Ch cn
Ipad v Internet l .

www.huytraining.com

2. CDE cho php bn tm kim d liu bn mun mt cch dng nh dng google vy
. Qua ri ci thi mt duyt cy th mc, yes

3. CDE cho php bn theo di phin bn, ngoi vic upload mt bn v mi, n gi li
ht tt c cc bn v c trc y. N bo m cho bn lun dng thng tin mi
nht ca ngi khc thit k v gip bn so snh, theo di vic g xy ra

4. File Viewer trc tuyn: cc CDE hin ti cho php bn xem gn nh c cc file
ph bin trong xy dng nh doc, pdf, xls, dwg cc m hnh 3D IFC. Ci ny cc k
li hi bi v cc bn tham gia khng cn phi ci t qu nhiu phn mm m vn
xem c cc thng tin mnh cn.
V d, trn cng trng, cng nhn ch cn c ci Ipad l c th xem c ht bn
v t 2D n 3D hiu mnh phi lm g ch khng cn phi c ci Dell hay HP
Workstation ci t tt c cc phn mm.

www.huytraining.com

5. Hp tc, kim
m tra v ng du:
d
vi vic xem c cc bn
n vv ca i tc, cc bn
c th kim
m tra v ghi nhn
nh xt ca cc bn trn ti liu y
y m
mt cch trc tuyn.
Cc ghi ch ny s c
thng bo t ng cho i tc.
Mt khi qu trnh ki
m tra kt thc, cc bn c th chp thu
n bn v v ng du
Release For Construction trc
tr tuyn lun. Vyy l cng nhn mu
mun xy ci g ch
vic vo CDE, ti b
n v v, nu bn v c du
u RFC th in ra v thi hnh. N
Nu
khng th thi.

www.huytraining.com

6. Nh cc d liu cc t
ln CDE, t thit k n
n thi cng, nn
n khi hon cng,
cc bn s c mtt b
b h s hon cng hon chnh, s ha. Trong giai o
on vn
hnh, cc bn qun
n l cng trnh c th
th xutt cc thng tin ccn thit gip qun
l c ttt hn. Ci ny th
th n on BIM for Facility Management.

www.huytraining.com

3. Common Data Environment - Cc la chn

Di y mnh lit k mt s nh cung cp CDE ph bin nc Anh. Cc bn b 5-10
pht, bm vo xem video gii thiu sn phm hiu thm cc CDE l g, cng c th
hiu thm th no l BIM m cc nc ang hng ti. Khng bit VN c nh cung cp
CDE no cha? Nu cha th cng l mt hay cho cc start-up mt khi nh nc bt
buc dng BIM mt cch ph bin hn.

4Projects ca Viewpoint. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFDpoubpR3Y

Adoddle ca Asite.https://www.asite.com/images/uploads...oddle%2017.mp4
Conject ca Aconex https://info.aconex.com/Video-LP.html

Mt vi nm gn y, cc ng ln v phn mm cng bt u nhy vo CDE, v d nh:

Autodesk vi Autodesk BIM 360 http://bim360.com/. Nhc li lch s mt cht th

cc bn Autodesk c VAULT, BUZZSAW, cng to mi trng chia s, lm vic
chung v qun l d liu nhng m sp ti khng bit VAULT, BUZZSAW i v
u
Bentley vi Bentley Connect, ProjectWise. ProjectWise l mt sn phm lu i ca
Bentley qun l d liu. Hin ti c pht trin thm vi th h phn mm
Connect to CDE. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-olg6TEUExU
Trimble vi Trimble Connect https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgaSj7YwXXE,
ng k ny mi vo th trng phn mm xy dng nhng thu tm rt nhiu cc
i gia khc khp ni trn th gii nh Tekla, Vico, Digital Project vi cc gii
php cc k innovation, tng lai chc l vt Autodesk.
Nemetschek vi bim+ https://www.bimplus.net/, anh bim+ ny c v nh l anh
mi nht trn th trng, ra i u nm 2013 th phi.

Ph ph, di qu, hy vng mua vui cho cc bn c mt vi trng canh. S c phn tip
theo...

www.huytraining.com

4. Thng tin l ttt c

c
Thng tin l tt c
OK, n y th xem nh
mnh
m
c mt mi trng
ng CDE ngon lnh cnh o
trao i
thng tin. Vy by gi chcc phi
ph ni mt cht v thng tin Information ci quan trng
nht trong qu trnh BIM.
BIM = Building Information Modeling
Ch Building thng cc dch
d
l (1) cng trnh danh t BIM = M hnh Thng tin
Cng trnh. Nhng Building
g cng
c
c th hiu l (2) ang xy dng
ng ng t BIM =
Xy dng M hnh Thng tin. Mnh ngh
ngh cc bn nn hiu
u theo 2 cch lun cho snh i
iu
= Xy dng
ng M hnh Thng tin Cng trnh.
Trong BIM, Information l tt
t c. Information th c nhiu kiu,
u, nhn
nhng trch rc ri
mnh ngh trong BIM nn
n phn ra lm 2 loi
lo l :
1. Thng tin hnh hcc (geometry):
(geometry) l nhng g s m c, g
n xy dng hn th l
nhng ci xy lp
p c.

2. Thng tin phi hnh hc

h (data) hay d liu: l nhng th ch c m khng s nh
c tnh sn phm,, thng s
s k thut
Trong mtt m hnh BIM th phn
ph
ln ci Data s c lin ktt vvi Geometry kiu nh
Phn hn lin kt vi Phn
n xc vy
v .
Hi lng nhng, nh? Rng thm 2 ci hnh na
n ri s kim v d.

www.huytraining.com

Hnh ny l theo thng

ng k Anh v phn b gi tr trong vng
i ca mt d n. Theo
y cc bn lm thit k (KTS, KS) lng
l
nh lng nhng
ng nhng ch
ch chim c 3% gi tr
cng trnh. Cc nh thu
u di nng
n
dm sng nhiu khi mu ch
cht ngi nhng cng
ch chim c 17% gi tr.. Tc
T l phn hnh hc hay xy lp chcc ch
ch khong 20% 80%
cn li dnh cho cc bn
n vn
v hnh, ngi mt n bt vng, nh.. M
vn hnh tt, cc
bn ny rt cn
n cc thng tin phi hnh hc.
h
Tm li,
i, hi dng di nhng
thy l cc
thng tin phi hnh hc n r
t rt c gi tr.
Ci hnh tip theo s lm cc bn
b Kin trc s v K s kt cu
u bu
bun hn na. Hnh ny
song kim hp bch vii hnh trn khng nh
nh thm l cc thng tin hnh h
hc gim dn
s quan trng
ng trong vng i cng trnh v d nhin ngc li,
i, cc d
d liu phi hnh hc
cng v sau cng quan trng.
ng.

y cc bn c th thyy l ci cc bn
b c th s c thng ch ng l bao so vi ci
khng s c .
V d cho d hiu nht l l
y 2 ci family trong Revit ra so snh vii nhau. Hnh th
th nht l
family gc ca mt dm
m ch
ch nht trong Revit. Cc bn
n c th
th thy l trong phn
Properties, ngoi kch thcc bxh ra, cn li
l c rt t d liu (data).

10

www.huytraining.com

Nu em so vi mt ci dm
m
c ty bin l thm vo rt nhi
u data, cc bn c th
thy l n qu tri lun,
y l mnh cn cha ko ht xung. V d
ngoi kch thc hnh
hc, ngii ta cn thm vo:
11

www.huytraining.com

1. Khi lng thp bc khi lng, vt liu, cng lm gi 5D.

2. Thng tin v nh sn xut, email lin lc khi c chuyn g nh b b, b gy th
cn bit ai m lin lc
3. H cn thm c tiu chun dng tnh dm, a c moment ti hn sau ny
l ti trng c thay i th h c d liu kim tra li dm.
4. ...
5. ...
Ni chung l rt nhiu thng tin i km c th khai thc trong sut vng i ca cng
trnh ph hp vi nhu cu ca ngi s dng. Nhiu iu m ngi ta khng th lm
c ch vi cc thng tin t ci dm c bn ca Autodesk.
Bn mnh hay ni a l m hnh BIM m ch c thng tin hnh hc, khng c hot rt t
thng tin phi hnh hc nh km th nh l xy nh ln nhng khng hon thin.

Hoc nh l ang nhn hnh sp bo tng Madame Tussauds vy, p th p nhng ch

ton sp, ch c cm gic g khi s vo. Hoc l kiu tham p nn chn gi c b mt
p nhng tnh tnh n iu, ch c g hay ho thay v ly c ch cn a nhn nhng ni
tm phong ph dzy . Nh nhin nu c c hai th tt .

12

www.huytraining.com

Tm li,
i, trong quy trnh BIM, cc bn
b
phi tm nim Thng tin, Thng
tin v Thng tin.

13

www.huytraining.com

5. Augmented Reality (AR) - Cng ngh tng c

cng thc t
Myy ci post trn kh l khi qut ch
ch nhn mnh
nh l thng tin v trao
i thng tin l
xng sng ca
a BIM. Cn lm sao to
o thng tin (BIM Content), qu
qun l thng tin, BIM
hot ng theo tiu chun,
n, quy trnh g, cc Level ca
c BIM tcc l cc th hn thc
hnh c mnh s trnh by sau. Ch
Ch nhiu qu s tu ha nhp
p ma m
mt .
Ni chuyn l thuyt chng
ng bao gi
gi l ti hp dn c. Tr v gi
i thiu cng ngh cho
th gin vy. Quay tr lii ci hnh post u tin th cng ngh
c dng tip theo sau
CDE l Augmented Reality (AR) = Tng cng
c
thc t, mnh thyy trn m
mt s web ting
vit dch l th .

Tng cng thc t AR l cng ngh

ngh dng chn thm cc thng tin ss (digital
information) nh l hnh
nh nh, m hnh 3D hay video vo mi tr
trng thc (real-time
environment). AR thm v xp
x
chng cc vt th o ln mt m
t ci nhn ca th gii
tht, bi vy mi gi l b sung hay tng cng
c
thc t.
Ly minh ha l tr chi
i Pokemon ang cc
c ht m chc l c nhiu
ub
bn ang chi cho d
hiu. S vic ch n gin
n l bn
b
a in thoi ca mnh chiu
u ln bi t trng bn
hng nh, th no t dng xen ln
l gia cy c (th gii thc) lii c thm ch Pokmon
3D (vt th o) d thng hin
hi ra bn sn. Gp in thoi lii th ch
ch thy Pokemon
u m cy c xung quanh th vn
v tht nh th, nh l ma vy.

14

www.huytraining.com

Vy cng ngh ny dng th

th no trong xy dng?
Bi gi cc bn ngh th no nu
n thay ch Pokmon bng phi c
nh 3D ca cng trnh?
Kch bn l cc bn dn
n khch hng ra bi t m d n mun
n xy v a iPad ln. ng
nh bnh thng
ng th trn iPad ch
ch hin ra mnh t vii cc nh xung quanh (mi tr
trng
thc) thi. Nhng sang ch
nh th no, ln ny tt c mi ngi
u thy cn nh tng
lai (i tng o) nm g
n gng trn mnh t, xen ln vii cc ccng trnh tht xung
quanh, whao !!!.

Trong giai on thit k s b

b (Stage 0-2), kin trc s thng
ng ch
ch cn dng hnh khi
hay to vo nh phi cnh...
nh... ca
c cc phng n bng cc phn
n m
mm dng hnh nhanh
SketchUP, 3dsMax, Rhino, ri
r trnh cho ch u t xem.
Nu p dng cng ngh ny, th nh
nh tng trn, cc bn c th
cng nhau ra thc a
xem cng trnh tng
ng lai ra sao v tng tc th
th no vii mi tr
trng xung quanh. iu
ny gip cc bn chn
n phng n tt
t hn nn rt ngn c thii gian thi
thit k.
Cc bn chu kh b 1 pht 13 giy
xem ci video di y hi
hiu thm vn
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RrYN4PHvoY

15

www.huytraining.com

Xa hn mt cht, mtt khi thit

thi k c chi tit hn, cc cn h
c thit k xong trn
bn v. yy l lc cc cc bn
b bn hng lm vic. Thay v ch cc xem b
bn v 2D, khch
hng chc s n tng
ng hn nu
n c nhn thy cn h tng lai cca mnh p lung linh
bng 3D vi y ni th
t, hn na li c th s s m m xoay qua xoay lli trn c,
Whao !!!

Mnh c ci video phc v cc bn:

b
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KyYUJcYJzb4
Cc bn ng nhm
m cng ngh
ngh tng cng thc t (AR) ny vii cng ngh
ngh thc t o
(VR). VR l bn phii mang b
b knh c bit (~1000usd) rii i trong th
th gii o 100%
lun. Cn AR chng cn
n g ht,
h
nn ch thm tin u
u t, qun, ch
ch cn in thoi hay
my tnh bng, myy ci ny xem nh phng tin
ti c sn.
S d AR l mt phn ca
a BIM bi
b v AR cng ch khai thc m hnh m cc b
bn to ra lc
thit k. Nm na l (1) bn
n to
t m hnh bng
ng Revit, Archicad hay b
bt k nh thit k bnh
thng,
ng, (2) upload m hnh y ln trang web ca cng ty c dch
ch vv AR, (3) ci phn
16

www.huytraining.com

mm ca h ln in thoi hay my tnh bng, (4) gn m hnh o ca bn vi mt vt

th hay a im tht no y, vy l (5) khi bn chiu in thoi vo vt th y l m
hnh o s hin ra cng vi thc t xung quanh. D nh l chi Pokmon vy .
Hin ti, c mt s nh cung cp AR va tm l:
1. Augment, http://www.augment.com/augmented-reality-architecture/, ng anh ny
hay lm, hin cho ng k th min ph 30 ngy, bn no mun th th ngay i, ch
cn mt m hnh, mt iphone hay ipad hay android cc k th v.
2. Seeable, http://seeable.co.uk/augmented-reality-from-bim/
3. AR-media, http://www.armedia.it/
Mnh ngh tng lai, cng vi BIM, cng ngh ny s c ng dng nhiu bi v n khai
thc c thng tin t BIM mt cch n gin, hiu qu v tit kim.
Gii tr cui tun cho cc bn mun xem thm v AR, tin mnh i, cc bn s thy rt vui
v bt ng, 1 pht 23 giy thi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwt-mgxq_ao

17

www.huytraining.com

6. BIM Level 2
Ni chuyn
n thng tin, cng ngh,
ngh gi g nh nhng vy l rii ha, by gi
gi khng th
vng vo trn trnh cc na,
n
ni chuyn nghim tc thi. bi
u mnh c ni s l
mnh mun gii thiu vii cc bn
b tr BIM Level 2 ca Anh, vyy n l ci g
g?
Quay li lch s mt to
o th sau ca
c khng hong xy dng
g vo nm 2007
2007-2010, hnh nh
qu ta cng c b th phi,
i, bt
b ng sn v bong bng g g . Chnh ph
ph Anh quyt nh
u t vo xy dng hiu
u qu
qu hn, v mt trong nhng vicc l h
h mun p dng cng
ngh thng tin vo xy d
ng, vy l h thnh lp cc nhm lm vi
vic v BIM, BIM Task
Group http://www.bimtaskgroup.org.
http://www.bimtaskgroup.org Nhim v ca
a group l thnh llp cc tiu chun
hng dn s dng BIM
cc bn tham gia bit c th BIM n l ci chi chi, quy
quyn v
ngha v c th ca
a mnh l g trong quy trnh BIM. Ch
Ch c nh tr
trc y, mi ng ra
khi vi ci thuyn
n tn BIM ca
c mnh nhng khng bit khi no cp
pb
bn v u .
H t ra l trnh l n
n thng 04 nm 2016 th
th cc d n cng ph
phi t c BIM Level
2. Cc ng t nhn th ty. Ci hnh di
d
y gii thiu s v cc Level cca BIM c nh
ngha trong cc tiu chun
n ca
c
Anh, cc bn c th thy dng Standards (BS1192,
BS8541, PAS 11192). H nh da trn cc tiu ch chnh l k thu
thut s dng (technical),
mc hp tc gia
a cc bn vi
v i nhau (collaborative working), tnh tng thch d
d liu
(interoperable data)

18

www.huytraining.com

Theo th Level 0, cc bn dng CAD, nhng CAD khng c chun ha

(unmanaged CAD). V d l cc phn mm CAD c bn qun l i tng bng Layer,
nhng cc bn t tn layer chng theo chun no c. ng kin trc t tn layer mu
sc mt kiu, ng K s cng theo kiu ca ng, tn layer trm hoa ua n, ngay trn
mt bn v nhiu khi cc i tng ging nhau cng khng nm trn mt layer, nt ca
ng dm nhiu lc nm trn layer ca ng ct. y l mnh ly v d qu ln th minh
ha ch hy vng cc bn khng b li ny. y l k thut, cn hp tc th cc bn ch
yu trao i bng giy.
trnh tnh trng Im superman ca Level 0, Level 1 bt cc bn tr thnh ngi bnh
thng hn mt to l phi c t chc hn (managed cad). Ct li l CAD phi t chc
theo tiu chun BS 1192, t vic t tn (naming convention) cho layer (v d bn v kin
trc th bt u bng ch A, kt cu th bt u S), i tng no nm trn layer ca
i tng y, tn v s hiu bn v cng phi theo th t logic, t chc cy th mc
cng c chun ha Cc bn mun tham kho c th tm BS 1192 trn mng, nu
khng ra th PM cho mnh.
Cn v m hnh 3D, v d nh Revit, nu cc bn dng revit ch nh l mt phng tin
trin khai bn v (drafting tool). M hnh ch c cc generic family m khng c thng
tin i km, m hnh ca bn khng giao tip c vi m hnh ca cc i tc. Welcome
to BIM Level 1
Cc bn ang lm BIM nhng l Lonely BIM BIM c n?.
y l v k thut CAD 2D & 3D v cn v hp tc th Level 1 cng phi c mi trng
trao i file chung (CDE), c th l trao i file tnh nh google drive, dropbox ch
khng cn ngon lnh nh my ci mnh gii thiu trn kia (Level 2).
Level 2 l quy trnh bt buc u t 04/2016, Level 2 ch trng n vic tch hp d liu
a ngnh (multi-disciplinary) trong thit k v xy dng. Nm na l hp tc gia cc bn
nhiu hn m hp tc c th d liu phi c t chc tt hn.
Nu Level 0 cho bn t do, Level 1 gii hn hn 1 to (ch c tiu chun BS 1192-2 v BS
8541-2) th n Level 2 bn phi vo khun kh thc s, h h, ti v li ch n nhiu
nhng cc giao thc phi tun theo n cng lm. Ci ny cng d hiu thi, lm vic mt
mnh cho php mnh d nht di. Cng theo nhm th cng b rng buc. Level 2 i hi
s cng tc ca nhiu ngi, nhiu b mn v trong sut mt thi gian di.
Vy nn phi c cc giao thc bt buc s hp tc c trn tru, hiu qu. V quan
trng hn, phi c con ngi chu hp tc vi nhau v cng hp tc vi cc nguyn tc.
Bi th, khi ni n BIM ngi ta hay ni Con ngi, Cng ngh, Quy Trnh.
t c Level 2 th c cc yu cu c bn l:

Cc b mn phi s dng cc phn mm BIM to m hnh, duy tr v sa i n

trong qu trnh BIM. Phn mm BIM khng nht thit phi ging nhau. V d kin
trc s s dng ArchiCAD, kt cu s dng Revit Structure. H thng k thut
(MEP) c th dng Autocad MEP.
19

www.huytraining.com

Cc m hnh phii giao tip

ti
c vii nhau (social BIM = BIM x h
hi ), hoc trc
tip vi nhau (v d Revit Architecture v Revit Structure) ho
hoc bc cu qua phn
mm th 3 thng qua m hnh lin bang (model federation bn no c t no
hay hn th b sung), v d
d cc phn mm c th kt hp
p
c nhiu m hnh vi
nh dng gcc nh Autodesk Navisworks, Bentley Project Navigator, Tekla BIMSight
v Solibri Model Checker.
Sau khi kt hp
p cc m hnh ring l
l li vii nhau trong m
mt m hnh lin bang
(federated model), cc phn
ph mm ny cho php xutt m hnh lin bang thnh m
mt
file khc m ci file ny li
l bo m gi nguyn v tr hnh h
hc v d liu i km
ca
a cc m hnh con ban u. Trong tiu chun Anh PAS-1192
1192-2, cc file xut ra t
m hnh lin bang g
i l m hnh biu din model rendition.

y l thng tin hnh hc,

c, cn cc d
d liu thng mi s c qu
n l bi mt h thng
hoch nh
nh ti nguyn doanh nghip
nghi p (Enterprise Resource Planning ERP).
Mt phn mm
m ERP l cho php tch
t
hp phn ln cc nng ca
am
mt t chc hay doanh
nghip vo mt h thng
ng duy nht.
nh
V d thay v phi s dng
ng cc ph
phn mm k ton,
nhn s - tin lng, qun
n tr
tr sn xut song song, c lp
p th EPR gom ttt c li vo
chung 1 gi phn mm vii cc chc
ch nng tng ng. Li ch ca
a ERP l cc ch
chc nng s
hot ng da
a trn cng mt
m d liu (ti nguyn cng ty).
ERP l h thng qun tr doanh nghip,
nghi
vy lin quan g n BIM?
Nh nhc li nhiu ln,
n, BIM l thng tin, thng tin qun
qu l cc (managed dat
data) v l
c s d liu
u tng thch (database compatible). V d
d dii y l cc thng tin xu
xut ra t
m hnh Revit di dng
ng Microsoft Access.

Vy by gi mnh c th nhp
nh ton b thng tin (c s d liu)
u) ny vo h
h thng ERP ca
cng ty l cc b phn ca
a cng ty nh k
k ton, mua sm,
m, bn hng, qu
qun l d n, bo
20

www.huytraining.com

tr c th khai thc c. iu ny chng t l, BIM, ct li l mt giao din ha

(Front end) ca mt c s d liu ng sau (database).
Bn no hng th th search BIM ERP integration tm hiu thm.
y l phn khi nim, cn v tiu chun th BIM Level 2 c mong i l tha mn cc
tiu chun v hng dn sau:

1. PAS 1192-2:2013: Tiu chun k thut v qun l thng tin cho giai on u t/
chuyn giao cho d n xy dng s dng BIM
2. PAS 1192-2:2014: Tiu chun k thut v qun l thng tin cho giai on vn hnh
cho d n xy dng s dng BIM
3. PAS 1192-4:2014: Cc yu cu v trao i thng tin s dng COBie Hng dn
s dng
4. PAS 1192-5:2015: BIM v vn bo mt
5. Giao thc BIM (ti liu ca CIC)
6. GSL Government Soft Landing
7. dPOW Digital Plan of Works
8. H thng phn loi Uniclass2015
Level 3 l g? Thi, chng mnh nn dng li 2 Level hc hnh cho tt, nh

Nh thng l, cc bn c th tm thy cc tiu chun trn nh c google, bn no tm

khng c th PM cho mnh. Bi sau mnh s ni chi tit hn v cc tiu chun ny nht
l phn (5 - Protocol) giao thc bi v n l mt trong nhng Keyword ca BIM.
y l s b v cc Level BIM Anh. Trong cuc b du hin ti ai khng nghe ni n
BIM th khng phi l ngi lm trong ngnh xy dng nn BIM s l xu hng bt buc
sp ti. C nc bt buc phi dng t trn xung bi chnh ph nh Anh, Na Uy, Phn
Lan, UAE, Hn Quc, Singapore C mt s nc th p dng i t di ln. Ngay bn
cnh qu ta, ng Singapore c cc hng dn v BIM rt l tin tin,
https://www.bca.gov.sg/bim/bimlinks.html
Singapore BIM Guide https://www.corenet.gov.sg/media/586...M-Guide_V2.pdf
BIM Essential Guide https://www.corenet.gov.sg/general/b...al-guides.aspx
Thc s mnh khng bit tnh hnh VN th no, c bn no bit th vui lng chia s. Du
th no th th gii cng ngy cng phng nn hy vng trong 5-10 nm na Vit Nam ta
c th qu qua Level 2 v p dng lun BIM Level 3. I have dream .
Hn cc bn bi sau ti v tic chnh vn cha bt u... (c bn no l c th cho t
feedback cn iu chnh cho cc bi sau )

21

www.huytraining.com

7. BIM 3D, 4D
By gi chc cc bn th
ng thy cc thut ng nh 3D, 4D hay 5D xu
xut hin thng
xuyn trn bo. Ba mn ny gi
g l ba mn phi hp c bn ca
a BIM (BIM Coordination).
Mnh dch tm ch Coordination bng
b
Phi Hp nhng m c v nh khng chu
chun lm bi
v Coordination din
n nm l mang cc phn
ph li vi nhau so snh/ki
snh/kim tra bo m
cc bn hot ng ng
ng b
b vi nhau. Ch Phi hp c v khng mang tnh ki
kim tra
trong y. Khng bit bn
n no c t
t no chun hn khng?
Thc t c thm t 6D nhng hin
hi
ti vn cha c p dng
ng hon thi
thin nh cc bn
3D, 4D v 5D nn s xem xt sau.
Mn u
u l 3D Design Coordination = Phi
Ph hp thit k 3D
nht ca BIM, d dng m mang li
l hiu qu cao.

. Mn ny l mn c b
bn

3D Coordination trc htt dng

loi b cc thng tin li hocc khng
ng b trong
thit k v thi cng, ng
ng thi
th gip ci tin cht lng thit k/thi
/thi cng. C mt s vic
chnh l:
1. Duyt cht lng c
a tng b h s (bn v, thng s)
) v ki
kim tra xem h s
ca cc b mn c ng

b vi nhau khng.
2. Kim
m tra cng trnh tng
t
lai so vi mi trng hin ti:
i: v d
d bn c scan 3D ca
cng trnh hin ti,
i, kt
k hp d liu ny vi m hnh d n c th
th thy cng trnh
tng lai c n
n khng?
3. Kim tra xung t,
t, va chm
ch
gia cc b mn
4. Gip cung cp tng
ng quan v
v khng gian t chc xy dng
ng h
hp l, d ton khi
lng cho tng nhim
m v
v thi cng
5. Gip d bo an ton, t
t chc giao thng, vn hnh v bo
o tr
tr.
PAS 1192-2 gii thiu
u kh chi tit
ti v phi hp
p khng gian (spatial co
co-ordinate), theo th
3D Coordination l nhim v
chnh ca 3 ng:
22

www.huytraining.com

1. Ph trch k thut (Technical Coordinator hay k s) ca tng b mn: cc ng

ny chu trch nhim tnh v lm m hnh ca tng b mn ( Anh/Php, k s gn
nh chng c lm m hnh, ton giao cho cc ng BIM Modeler)
2. Kin trc s/K s ch tr thit k
3. Ph trch BIM (BIM Coodinator): ng ny chu trch nhim lm m hnh lin bang
(federated model) nh nh ngha BIM Level 2 trn.
Chuyn d nhin l trc khi lm 3D Coordination th phi c m hnh 3D m phi hp
phng . Vic lm m hnh nh th no cc bn phi hp c vi nhau l mt chuyn
di l th. N thng c quy nh trong Bn K Hoch Trin Khai BIM (BEP = BIM
Execution Plan) ca tng d n v/hay theo Tiu chun BIM (BIM standard) ca tng
cng ty.
Mnh a 2 khi nim BIM Execution Plan (BEP) v BIM Standard mt cch p m y
cc bn cc bn hnh dung t t. Hai ng ch ny cc k quan trng cho vic trin
khai BIM ca mt doanh nghip. Mnh s gii thiu chi tit (BIM Protocols) sau ch chc
cc bn nn nh 2 keywords ny l cc k quan trng.
V d thc hin vic 3D Coordination th cc bn phi ng vi nhau mt s vic nh:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Phn mm lm m hnh, m hnh t chc nh sao

Dng Mi trng trao i chung no (CDE)
t tn file m hnh, theo di thay i.
Bao nhiu ngy th upload m hnh mi ln CDE

Ri, (1) c nhim v-mc ch, (2) c ngi ph trch v (3) c m hnh chun ri nn (4)
l tin hnh lm thi:
1. Trc ht dng ci m hnh 3D b sung duyt bn v s nhanh hn nhiu so vi
vic ch lt tng bn 2D hoc bn giy mt.
Nguyn tc ca BIM l Thng tin t mt ngun duy nht, tt c cc bn v 2D
u phi c xut t m hnh 3D, m hnh 3D trn CDE l m hnh duy nht nn
bn bo m bn duyt l bn mi nht, nu mt bng ng th xc sut mt ct
cng ng theo cng ln hn bi v t mt m hnh m ra...
Ci ny n gin v quen qu mnh khng di dng.
2. Kim tra xung t (clash detection), hin c nhiu phn mm to cc m hnh
lin bang t nhiu m hnh con kim tra xung t nh Autodesk Navisworks,
Bentley Project Navigator, Tekla BIMSight v Solibri Model Checker hay ngay trong
cc CDE cng c th lm c mt cch s khai. Cc bn lm mt vng google
bit thm chi tit.
V d ci d n ny bn mnh c n mi my ci m hnh con to bi cc i tc khc
nhau (kin trc, kt cu, scan 3D), tt c c chia s trn CDE Viewpoint 4Project
cho cng trnh ny.

23

www.huytraining.com

Th s nhtt l lm 3D Coordination trn CDE bi

b i v cc anh ny m
mi ch l viewer l ch
yu. Trn CDE, mnh c th
xem tng m hnh mt hay c th to
o federated model b
bng
cch kt hp 2 hay nhiu
u m hnh vo (xem
(
2 hnh di y, hnh
u ch c kt cu, hnh
hai kt hp thm k thutt MEP). Bn
B ln qua mt lt ri tm lii b
bng mt

24

www.huytraining.com

Cn bnh thng th cc b
n BIM Coordinator s lm trong cc ph
phn mm chuyn dng.
Hc phn mm th mii cc bn
b ln mng hoc ra trung tm nhng m
mnh thy l khng
kh.

25

www.huytraining.com

V d trong Navisworks cc bn
b ch cn Append (hnh 1) nhiu
u m hnh con l c m hnh
lin bang (hnh 2) (federated model), sau y kim tra xung tt (hnh 3) v bo co kkt
qu (hnh 4, 5)

26

www.huytraining.com

27

www.huytraining.com

i, vit bi th ny th s
ng qu, ton hnh khng l hnh, vitt ki
kiu ny ng no
chuyn ng sng vi.
My ci trn vi cc bn
n lm Navisworks th l mui,
mu mnh a ln ch
ch minh ha 3D
Coordination l chuyn
n c tht,
th ang c dng cho nhiu
u cng trnh v t hiu qu tin
ti thc tht
(myy ci hnh y l ca cng trnh ~ 250 tri
u bng). My ci trn
cc bn c th quen trong Navisworks nhng ci di
d y c th l mi, l xut bo
co ra dng
ng BCF = Building Collaboration Format.
Ci ny l cng ngh kh mi
m trong vicc lm report cho Clash Detection. Thay v xu
xut cc
xung t mt cch tnh
nh nh
nh bn gc ca Navis, c nhiu
u cng ty cung ccp Add-in cho
Navis, solibri, cho php bn
b lu li Viewport ch xung t,
t, a tr
trc tip ln CDE hoc
cloud gi thng
ng cho cc bn. Cc phn
ph add-in ny cho php bn
n theo di cc xung t
c sa hay cha
My ci ny l b sung tuy
t vi cho Clash Detection:

iConstruct, http://www.iconstruct.com/,
http://www.iconstruct.com/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rtG3Rd2YUc
BIMCollab, http://www.bimcollab.com/en/default.aspx
BIM Track, https://bimtrack.co/

28

www.huytraining.com

29

www.huytraining.com

30

www.huytraining.com

Mn phi hp tip
p theo l 4D (K
(K hoch, phn on
n v phng php - planning, phasing,
methods) hay cn gii l 3D + Thi
Th gian. 4D thng c s d
dng chi tit trong giai
on 4 v 5 gip vicc thi cng. Tuy nhin, n cng
c
c s dng
ng trong giai o
on 2 v
3 tuy ch mc hott hnh d on tin v lm p h s cho ch
ch u t.

4D thng c lm bii 2 ng chnh l ng lp

l tin (planner) v ng ph
ph trch cc
phng n thi cng (methods engineer). D
D nhin
n cc ng khc nh kts hay ks ccng c
th tham gia nhng ph trch chnh vn
v n l hai ng trn. Hai ng ny ng
ngi li vi nhau
phn tch nn thi cng th no, mi
m cu kin ht bao thii gian, theo trnh tt no...
Li ch ca 4D l nhiu
u v c th
th k ra mt s bn nh:
1. Vic u
u tin l 4D p
v n tng nn dng bn hng rrt tt. Ni a ch
hin tii 4D l cng c
c chng minh cc gii php k thu
t tt nht. By gi cc
cng ty i u thu,
u, trong h
h s thng km theo mtt ci video 4D
(1) chng
minh cho ch u
u t bit
bi l bn tao lm cc v (2) lm ng ti
tin . C 4D cha
chc bn thng
ng nhng khng c th
th bit chc l c nhiu
u i
im tr.
2. Vi vic thi cng o
o (virtual construction) v r m cng tr
trnh (work breakdown
structure) cu kin
n bi
b cu kin r rng gip cc bn:
Hiu r hn d n.
Pht hin cc li, ri ro c th c phng n ph hp
Pht hin cc im
m bt
b hp l trong tin v phng n thi cng
3. Cho php bn
n nghin cu
c u cc phng n thi cng khc nhau tt c cc tin
ti u.
Mnh lp li chcc l tha
th nhng tin trong mt d n l ccc k quan trng. Cc
bn lm kt cu
u c th
th tnh ton ti u tit kim
m vi kilogrammes thp nhng
chng l g so vi ti
t kim c tin thi cng. Ngoi cng tr
trng, nhiu khi nh
thu khng ii c thit
thi k chi tit t t vn m
thi cng lun
m bo tin .
Chp nhn quay lii sa
s cha hoc p b gi nhp
p cycle. K
Kt cu qun l bi k
31

www.huytraining.com

s nhng m tin th bi gim c d n nn ci no quan trng hn th bit

ngay ha.
4. D bo vt liu, nhn cng, cho tng nhim v thi cng
5. Vic tch hp cng trnh tng lai vo mi trng hin ti gip bn t chc cng
trng tt hn (nh t chc giao thng, giao nhn vt liu, d tr)
6. v nhiu na...
lm 4D th cc th cn c l:
1. M hnh 3D, d nhin ri. C th m cng ni. Nhng, nhng...
Mnh nhc nhiu ln ri nhng thm ln na chc cng khng tha, BIM Level 2 l
thit k da trn cc m hnh 3D (3D model-based design). Nhng khng phi l
cc m hnh c c (lonely model) m phi l cc m hnh c ch (design intend
model) tc l m hnh phi th hin c ch lm g ca kin trc s hay k
s.
V d nho nh cho d hiu l cng trnh bn c bc tng cao 10m, nu m hnh
ch dng trin khai bn v (v mt xut bn v th 2 ci tng di y th hin
nh nhau) th bn ch cn v base level = 0, top level = 10m l n. Nhng m hnh
tng 10m th cc bn ph trch thi cng khng dng c, n gin l cc bn
khng mun tng 10m mt pht mt. Vy l v phng n thi cng, cc
bn phi dng cc cng c khc ct tng ra lm 2 hay 3 on hoc l v li
ci tng mi vi kch thc ph hp. D nhin l trong lc lm th cc bn s
lm bm chi th kiu m thng ch bit v, ch bit g v xy dng.
Tm li, nu m hnh ca bn ngay t u th hin c ch ca k s (thi cng
theo 2 hay 3 t) th s trnh c mt khon thi gian lng ph m cc bn li tn
trng v c cm tnh hn vi nhau. Cc bn methods cng chi th nhng kiu
Ma, thng c, lm m hnh ngon, c hiu bit, v d th.

32

www.huytraining.com

2.
3.
4.
5.

M hnh ca
a cc cng trinh xung quanh v a
a hnh (topography)
Cc cng trnh tm
m v my mc trn cng trnh
Gin gio v cc phng tin
ti thi cng
Tin ca
a cng trnh (Microsoft Project, Primavera, Asta Power Projects )

Nh thng l, xin mii cc bn

b ra trung tm hc phn mm,
m, mnh ch
ch gii thiu s s
cc bc tin hnh minh ha
h 4D l g:
1. Nhp mt hoc nhiu
u file m hnh (v d
d m hnh Revit dii y vo Synchro, h
hnh
1 di y)
2. Nhp file tin ,, r cng trnh ra lm nhiu
nhi
phn
n (WBS = Work Breakd
Breakdown
Structure), v d file Primavera
3. Lin kt m hnh v
i tin l c 4D, v d trong Synchro. bc ny cc bn
thy r ti sao lii phi
ph lm m hnh c ch (intend model) nh
nh v d trn. Bi v
thng mt cu kin
n ID gn
g vi mt tin , nn nu cu
u ki
kin ca bn gn vi 3
dng tin l ci 4D ca
c bn s khng chnh xc na.

33

www.huytraining.com

34

www.huytraining.com

(rt tic l mnh khng th

share ci file ny c, cc bn c th
tm trn youtube mt
vi v d v 4D, v d ci ny https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIOZWKMV9xs cho cc
bn ci nhn tng qut v 4D).

35

www.huytraining.com

Bn cnh vic lm tin v video, 4D cn cho cc bn

b lm cc vi
c khc c th hn trn
cng trng nh:

Phn on
n thi cng:
cng
th t thi cng cc
cu kin, kch thc,
c,
khi lng
Cc bn v thi cng
nh h thanh chng,
ng,
cc giii php an ton
cng trnh, phng
ng
php thi cng,

36

www.huytraining.com

Hin c nhiu cng c c th

th lm 4D v d nh:

Synchro Pro - Synchro:

Synchro ng ch ny l th h phn
n i sau, hi
hin i v y hn
so vii Navisworks (y
( l kin ch quan).
37

www.huytraining.com

Digital Project Trimble: ng ch ny c dng cho cc cng trnh c hnh hc

phc tp
Navisworks Autodesk
Vico sofware Trimble

iTWO RIB Sofware

Nguyn vn bi Technicalman
Cc d n by gi ang thc hin theo m hnh Design & Build. Trong qu trnh thi cng v xy
dng vic thit k din ra song song v vy dn n nhiu thay i. Lc ny p ng cho tin
xy dng vic cp nht thay i cho m hnh 3D, cc detail, mt ct... khng th theo kp
nhng thay i ny v phi hon tt m hnh 3D trc mi xut ra c mt ct.
Vn na l cht lng bn v t m hnh 3D xut ra nhiu khi khng dng thi cng c,
hoc l mt nhiu thi gian v nhn lc chnh sa.
V phn 4D-timeline thc s n cng ch review cho client cc giai on chnh, khng th
no lm chi tit ton b d n. Ci ny nm trong u ngi vit program ri.
Phn 5D, 6D - Costing, maintenance, COBie cng ch mang tnh l thuyt v vn l khng th
m hnh ha 3D tt c i tng t gn cc parameter cho chng.

Tng th th lm g cng ph thuc nhn lc c. Nh mnh ni bng gi trc, Con

Ngi l phn c bn trong BIM. C mt s ng ch cn bo l chim n 90% s thnh
cng khi p dng, 10% cn li l Quy trnh v Cng ngh.
Trc ht v tin thit k + thi cng trong d n Design&Build, chnh ra Design 3D li
thch ng nhanh hn cho vic thay i phng n thit k. n gin l thay 3D th bn c
c detail v mt ct... Vn l trong giai on thit k no th m hnh ca bn nn p
dng Level of Development (LOD) no? Ci ny trong BIM Execution Plan ca bn phi
quy nh r.

Vn v cht lng bn v t m hnh 3D, mnh ngh nu bn phi chnh sa 2D sau khi
xut t 3D sang th tht s bn nn xem li cht lng m hnh 3D ca bn. V d nu
bn dng Revit th nn xem li template ca cng ty. Ch xt ring k thut trin khai bn
v kin trc v kt cu khng thi th bn mnh cm dng autocad lu ri . Bn v t
Revit sang pdf v ra cng trng. Nu c markup th trc tip trn pdf trn CDE hoc
38

www.huytraining.com

bng Bluebeam. Cn v m
t BIM th d liu phi t mt ngun
n duy nh
nht, tc l nu bn
v 3D phn th, ri detail l
i bng Cad th khng gii l BIM Level 2 n
na ri.
Ci 4D th nh mnh vitt qua, ngoi p
v n tng
ng khi trnh by, vva dng c cho c
tin tng th va
a dng review k
k thut cho tng chi tit...
t... p d
dng n u th ty
mc phc tp ca d n.
Ci 5D th mnh s trnh by sau. Nhng
Nh
khng nh l n hin t
i 3 mn phi hp 3D 4D - 5D l pht trin v hi
u qu nht, trong quy trnh BIM. n gi
gin l v nhng ci ny
trc khi c BIM mi ng
i vn lm. BIM gip mi ngi h thng
ng lli, phi hp vi nhau
nhiu hn cng vii cng ngh
ngh hin ti gip loi b cc bc tha
a v ccc li hay gp khi
dng 2D.
6D, 7D, COBie ng l ang c
tng bc trin khai, n gin
n l v n m
mi. Nu cc
bn th phn giii thiu
thi BIM Level 2, mnh vitt l "BIM Level 2
c mong i l
tha mn cc tiu chun...".
n...". Cc bn
b ch l "c mong i - expectation" ch
ch khng
phi bt bucc nh. Chng ti c cc tiu chun
chu v nh hng s dng nh th, cc bn
lm n tun theo tiu chu
n nhng cc phn hng dn s dng
ng m qu kh th cc b
bn
thc hin n u hay n
n y,

ty cc bn. Phn mong ch ny ch

ch yu l ci 6D, 7D v
COBie ny.
y, tuy cha dng htt c
nhng t nht l c ci g yy r rng mi ngi hng
n, cha p dng
ng 6D, 7D cho ton b
b cng trnh c th thi d
c phn no hay phn
y v d b ca
a hay ci bn
b
cu chng hn . Phi nhp trc,
c, th
tha mn tng phn
mt, ch mt ln ln nh
nh lun th e l kh.
Trc khi bt u mt d n BIM, cc bn bt buc phi ngi lii vvi nhau trnh by
mnh mong mun
n g v mnh lm cc g cho nhau. Mnh lm 3D, 4D, 5D thi nh hay
mnh ti bn
n 6D, 7D, COBie... n chi khng s
s ma ri nh anh. R
Ri ty vo y m
mnh c phng n trin
n khai BIM cho ph hp.
h
Ni chung cn nhiu chuyn
n
vit, t gch y ri vit sau:

39

www.huytraining.com

8. D ton 5D
Tip bcc 3D, 4D mnh xin gii
gi thiu lun 5D = 4D + D Ton (costing).
trnh lc
v nhanh nhanh quay lii phn
ph l thuyt, nn mnh khng di dng o
on 5D ny.
Cng nh 3D v 4D, cc b
n c th thy l c kh nhiu phn m
m chuyn dng h tr
cc bn bn cnh cc phn
n mm
m
lm m hnh 3D. lm 5D chng
ng h
hn, c mt s ng
ch nh Causeway, CostX, Vico D
D nhin phn 5D ny phi cc ph
ph trch bi k s d
ton (estimating engineer).

u im ln ca
a BIM 5D c th
th l on trch xut khi lng. Hin
n tti vn cn nhiu cng
ty bc tch khi lng bng
ng cch in bn v ra giy, t mu rii o b
bng tay . C mt s
cng ty th bc khi lng
ng t
t file pdf bng cc phn mm nh On--Screen Takeoff, Active
Takeoff hocc Bluebeam Ch
Ch c bton l dm vi sn vi ctt th cn ch
chu c ch ng
n cc phn trang thit b vi hon thin kin trc th thi ri lm
m i, khng bi
bit lc no
mii xong v c chnh xc khng. Vi
V BIM, bn c sn
n m hnh 3D th tti sao khng bc
lun .
Ch lu l cc cng ty khc nhau s
s dng phn mm d ton khc nhau, phng php
lm d ton cng
ng khc nhau nn s
s liu u vo nhiu
u khi khc nhau.
Bi vy nu ch dng cc chc
ch nng trch xut khi lng c sn
n cca cc phn mm 3D
(BIM Platform), v d Revit, th khi
kh lng u ra khng dng cc (khc format ). Nn
cc cng ty thng
ng c cc Add-in
Add i km xut khi lng ph h
p vi u vo ca cc
phn mm chuyn dng
ng m mnh ang dng.

40

www.huytraining.com

Mnh ngh trong tng

ng lai, cc nh sn
s xut phn mm 3D cng
ng khng cci tin phn trch
xut khi lng ny lm
m m
mnh t cho cc cng ty phn m
m nh chuyn lm cc
phn mm tch hp
p theo yu cu
c ca tng cng ty. Cc bn
n no yu thch ph
phn mm, c
th khai thc phn ny lm sn
s phm bn c .
Nhn tin mnh cng nhcc li
l ci v d m hnh c ch phn
n 4D
thy l mt ln
na, khi lm m hnh phii ch n
vic s dng ca cc bn v sau (intend model). V
d ci tng
ng cao 10m, khi ly
l khi lng tng th nh
nhau nhng
tnh gi thnh cho
tng tng ca
a cng trnh th phi
ph chia tng ny thnh tng tng,
ng, nh vvy khi lng
tng tng mi chnh
hnh xc v d
d ton cng vy. y l cha ni n
n phng php thi cng,
chuyn thi cng tng
ng 10m chiu
chi cao mt ln th phng tin k thu
thut khc hn thi cng
thnh nhiu on 3-4m.
Bn cnh y, cc family cng
ng phi
ph c cc thng tin ph hp b
n trch xut (v d khi
lng thp trong dm
m theo th
th tch kg/m chng hn khi bn c th
th tch bton, bn c
lun khi lng thp).
41

www.huytraining.com

Vy l cc bn c (1) khi
i lng
l
t 3D, (2) Phng php v t chc thi cng ( bit
dng gin gio g v bao nhiu ngi
ng
chng hn) v (3) tin (
( bit thi gian thu
gin gio v s dng
ng nhn cng v d
d th) t 4D. Cc bn
n c (4) gi vvt liu v (5) gi
nhn cng t c s d liu
u ca
c cng ty (ci PolyBrain hnh trn). V
Vy l cc bn c th
lm gi c ri .
Tam quc mt to
o l hnh nh
nh nh mnh lm d ton phii theo n gi vvt liu v nhn
cng a ra bi tng tnh
nh thnh. Anh vii Php th khng c ci n gi nh nc no
p dng c. Chcc l kinh t
t th trng nn cc cng ty t lo gi vvi nhau v c vt liu
ln nhn cng. Mii cng ty thng
th
c mt c s d liu ln lu tr
cc gi thnh, hoc l
rt kinh nghim t cc cng trnh trc,
tr
hoc l theo tha thun
n h
hng nm vi cc nh
cung cp
p (framework contract). Mnh c thc
th mc l trn mtt cng trnh, cc b
bn mua
thp t Trung Quc,
c, nhm knh t
t Th Nh K, cu kin
n b tng c sn t B, vy theo
n gi nh nc th bitt lm th
th no?
Tm li nu m hnh 3D c
a cc bn c dng mt cch ph hp
p (cng BIM Standards)
v l cc m hnh c ch (intend model) th cc bn
n hon ton c th
th thc hin cc b
mn phi hp 3D-4D-5D
5D mt
m cch hiu qu trong qu trnh thi
t k v thi cng (n
Stage 5).
D nhin BIM cn ko di
n Stage 6 (chuyn giao) v Stage 7 (v
n hnh) nh ci hnh
u tin. Mnh s quay lii cc ng

ch ny sau. By gi chcc lm m
mt t l thuyt cho
n hn lm.

42

www.huytraining.com

9. BIM Content
Bi v cc bn kt cu
u yu thch cng ngh
ngh v phn mm
m nn mnh b
bt u cc bi vit
bng
ng ci hnh BIM Softwares (hnh bi #1). Mnh do qua cc ng d
dng ca BIM song
song vi cng ngh cc bn
b hnh dung s s BIM c th lm
c g v lm th no.
y ch l v mtt cng ngh
ngh v phn mm.
Thc ra nhng ci mnh vi
t trn rt gn gi vi cc bn lm ktt ccu. Ci mi VN c l
l ci mi trng trao ii thng tin chung CDE (Common Data Environment). Ci ny d
da
trn in
n ton m my (cloud) v cc nh cung cp
c ch yu
u ang tri
trin khai cc nc
pht trin.
n. C ci Autodesk 360 th khng bit
bi c bn no VN dng th
th cha nhng so
vi myy ci CDE m mnh gii
gi thiu trn
n th Autodesk 360 cn thua xa.
Ci tuyt vi ca
a cc BIM Task Group ca
c chnh ph Anh l to
o ra
c cc tiu chun v
BIM (BIM Standards) v cc bc
b tin hnh mtt cch r rng (BIM Workflow) cho m
mi
ngi tham gia. Mnh s c
gng do qua mt lt cc th linh ny b
bng mt ci hnh tm
tt di y:

Theo cc bn c th thy
th l phn Softwares cc khoanh trn ch
ch l mt phn phi
chun b giai on khii im
i
Stage 0. Bn cnh phn mm,
m, cc b
bn phi chun b
Protocols, Templates, Components.

43

www.huytraining.com

10. BIM Protocols

trnh nhm ln th hin c 2 t Protocol. Mt l Protocol n gin v c ng hi
mang tnh php l ca hip hi xy dng Anh (CIC), cc bn quay li post nh ngha
BIM Level 2 s thy l n mc 5 trong cc tiu chun. Ci BIM Protocols th hai chi tit
hn c xy dng c th bi cc cng ty trin khai BIM. Kiu nh tng hi c ci
thng t, cc cng ty xy dng cc ti liu trin khai thng t vy .
CIC = Construction Industry Council ~ Tng hi xy dng Anh quc? Mnh khng chc
lm v phn dch nhng nm na n c th ging Tng Hi Xy Dng Vit Nam vy ,
cng l tp hp v i din cho cc c nhn hoc cng ty lm trong cng nghip xy
dng. chun b cho nc Anh p dng BIM Level 2, du g th CIC cng gn gi vi cc
bn ang thc hnh xy dng hn nn hiu r cc bn ang lm g v mun g, nn sau
khi lng nghe cc hi vin, vo nm 2013 CIC cung cp cho cc BIM Task Group mt ti
liu gi l BIM Protocol (giao thc BIM?) chnh thc p dng v nm 2016.
BIM Protocol va ging nh mt tiu chun va ging nh mt hp ng. Rt l n gin
s dng n. V d khi ch u t (Employer) mun dng BIM Level 2, OK, t vn
(supplier) in ci Protocol ny ra, in 2 ci Ph Lc i km, b chung vo hp ng t vn
thit k. Vy l xong, chng ta cng lm BIM.
Bn BIM Protocol ca CIC cc bn c th load y:

The BIM Protocol, http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-conte...M-Protocol.pdf

BIM Protocol Appendix 1, http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-conte...Appendix-1.xls
BIM Protocol Appendix 2, http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-conte...appendix-2.doc

V mt php l th c mi hp ng t vn s c mt bn BIM Protocol ny, v d ch u

t thu nhiu t vn (Kin trc, kt cu, MEP) chng hn, th mi ng t vn s k vi
44

www.huytraining.com

ch u t mt BIM Protocol. Tuy hai ci Ph lc n c th khc nhau ty theo b mn

nhng m tng th th l cng mt phin bn BIM Protocol. Ci ny m bo cc bn
cng ni mt th ting .
V mt ni dung th c mt s im ng ch l:

Yu cu lm BIM phi theo chun PAS 1992-2

Yu cu phi c CDE
Yu cu cc m hnh phi lm trong BIM (Model Production) v mc chi tit ca
m hnh (Level of Detail)
Yu cu phi c mt ng ch lm qun l thng tin (Information Manager)
Yu cu phi thit lp cc thng tin mong mun (Information Requirements) trc
khi bt u. Ci ny theo mnh l quan trng nht bi v trin khai BIM th no v
chi tit n u l ty thuc ng ch ny.

Mnh khuyn cc bn tr nn c ti liu trc tip bng bng ting Anh. Bn cnh y
mnh cng mun dich mt s ci sang ting Vit bi v tn dc vi nhau bng ting ca
mnh vn hn. Nhng thi gian c hn vi li thiu t vng cho my ci ny nn khng
bit c bn tr no tham gia vi mnh khng?
Trn y l ni v ci thng t chnh rt c ng (c 15 trang thi) ca tng hi. Cn cc
cng ty thng da trn y pht trin BIM Protocols cho cng ty ca mnh. Ci ny
mi l ci mnh mun cp nhiu hn bi v nu cng ty ca bn mun dng BIM th
nht thit phi thnh lp ci ny trc tin.
D nhin ty ngnh ngh hot ng v quy m m cc cng ty c cc BIM Protocols khc
nhau.
V pha Ch u t, t k thut hn th thng c:

Employers Information Requirement (EIR) Bn yu cu thng tin Trc khi

thu t vn th phi bit mnh mun ci g l ng nhin . Va d cho mnh v
va d cho t vn.
BIM Capacity Assessment Bn nh gi nng lc BIM ca i tc D nhin l
trc khi thu, phi bit nng lc n th no cn thu.
CIC BIM Protocol Ci ny l thng t chung nn phi c, tuy nhin phi iu
chnh cc ph lc ph hp vi tng ng
BIM Execution Plan Trnh by trin khai BIM th no, cho mnh v cho i tc.

V pha cng ty xy dng (nh thu) v t vn k thut, thng c cc ti liu chun

nh:

BIM Standards Tiu chun BIM ca c cng ty trong y qui nh qui trnh hot
ng BIM ca cng ty. Mnh s c mt bi chi tit sau
BIM Golden Rules: Ci ny thng i theo BIM Standard, chi tit hn cho cc b
mn
BIM Project Execution Plan: Phng n trin khai BIM cho tng d n
BIM Competancy Assessment: nh ca ch u t
45

www.huytraining.com

Employers Information Requirement (EIR) - ngha tng t nh ca ch u t.

Nh thu hay t vn thnh thong cng phi i thu thu ph hay bn B`, B`` ..
ch c phi lc no cng i lm thu u

n y th chc cc bn c th thy l m mt cht v quy trnh BIM ri phi khng .

L thuyt cng nhiu ch khng ch c phn mm. Mnh s t t x l ni dng ca cc
ti liu trn...

46

www.huytraining.com

11. Employers Information Requirement (EIR)

Khng bit sau khi cc ci nh

ngha v BIM Level 2 trn c bn

n no t m c ci PAS
1192-2? Ci ny l li ca
a BIM Level 2 nn nu
n bn no mun
n tm hi
hiu BIM th nht thit
phi c. download my
m
ci tiu chun v BIM UK, cc bn
n vo trang http://bimlevel2.org/en/standards/,, ch
ch cn in tn v email l c th download
c. Trang ny
ca BSI - British Standard Institute nn cc bn
b yn tm v tnh hp
p php.
V c bn
n th qu trnh BIM s
s to
o ra cc m hnh thng tin v cc thng tin ny c s
dng trong sut vng ii ca
c cng trnh. Hnh 2 ca PAS 1192-2
2 trnh by qu trnh tto
v chuyn
n giao thng tin trong 8 thi
th k.

Cc hnh v mu xanh l (GREEN), lin quan nhiu

nhi n phn k thu
thut - m hnh PIM v
AIM, minh ha cho vic to
o thng tin ca
c cc bn tham gia d n
n, cc thng tin ny s
c trao i, qun l v lu
u tr
tr trong CDE (hnh ch nhtt mu xanh l to nh
nht). Cc mi
tn mu xanh da trii (BLUE), lin quan nhiu
nhi
n qun l - php l, di
din t quy trnh
chung v qun l d n
n BIM. T
T vic ch u t xc nh mnh
nh ccn g (NEED) n u
thu chn t vn, k hp
p ng

v cch thc hin d n tha

a mn cc yu ccu ca
mnh. Tng tc qua li gi
a hai bn trong qu trnh trin khai d n
c minh ha bng
cc hnh mu .
Cc bn mun nn c k thm trong bn
b gc PAS 1192-2. Ch xin ch
n ci hnh ch
nht mu xa da tri, gcc cao bn phi
ph NEED - Emplyers Information Requirements (EIR)
Capex start.
47

www.huytraining.com

Trong phn gii thiu ca

a PAS 1192-2
1192 c cu kh tritt l l Beginning with the End in
MIND cu ny trch trong cun
cu n The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Peoplec
Peopleca tc gi
Stephen Covey. Cu ny cng
ng tng
t
t nh cu If you dont know what you want, you
end up with a lot you dont ca
c Chuck Palahniuk. Dch nm l Bn
n nn bi
bit trc kt cuc
s ra sao trc khi bt u
u lm hay rng
r
hn mt cht l trcc khi b
bt u mt d n xy
dng, bn phi bit n ho
t ng th no. C th hn cho BIM l tr
trc khi trin khai BIM
bn phi c lng trcc nhng
nh
thng tin g cn dng. Hocc l theo Lu
Lut nhn qu nh
trong phim chng vy, n
u bit trc c ngy hm nay th hii xa
ng lm, h h.
Ci phn d bo thng tin ny c
c th l ci Employers Information Requirement (EIR) =
Yu cu Thng tin ca Ch
u t, im khi u
u cho qui trnh BIM. y, cc bn c th
thy n mt vn bn cc k quan trng, im khi u ca d n BIM. N xc
nh ch x
mun g, mc ch ca
a BIM m ch
ch x mun hng tii (BIM Objectives) l g. B
Bi th nn
n cng quyt nh
nh lun chng mnh cn
c phi lm g v ti sao lii lm th
th.
Ghi ch l trong PAS 1192--2 c nh ngha l
Individual or organization for whom the
contract is executed and delivered. Tc
T l ch - ngi tr tin - c
a hp ng? Nn mnh
tm gi l ch u
u t hay ch
ch x cho ngn gn.
Vy ci EIR ny l g?

Trc ht y l m
t ti liu m ch x s nh km trong h
hp ng vi t vn v
nh thu,
u, n i km v b
b sung cho ci CIC BIM Protocol trn. Nh
Nhc li khng
nh l v n nm
m trong hp
h ng nn n quan trng,
ng, bt sa l g ch
cht.
EIR m t r rng cho t
t vn bit cn dng nhng
ng m hnh g v m
mc ch ca
tng m hnh.
48

www.huytraining.com

EIR nh ngha chi tit ch x mun g t cc thng tin ca BIM. Nm na l trong

m hnh thng tin m BIM to ra, ch x mun trch xut nhng thng tin g s
dng.

Nhc li l EIR t ra r rng cc yu cu (requirements) ca ch x nn n gip:

m bo thit k c pht trin theo yu cu ca ch x, ci ch x cn (NEED)

Xc nh c mc ch ca thng tin cn trao i, nn cc bn tham gia d dng

hp tc vi nhau hn.
m bo thng tin c s dng mt cch hiu qu gip cho vic ra cc quyt
nh mt cch hp l.
Ch x bit u vo cn g, lc no th cn can thip, lc no cn ra quyt nh
khi lm vic vi t vn hay nh thu.

OK, vy l vit EIR l ci g v ti sao phi c n. By gi ni s n ci ni dung ca n

chi tit th c trong PAS 1192-2 5.
c mt ci EIR tt, ch x phi nm r cc kch bn hot ng v bo tr ca cng trnh
mnh. Cc bn c th thy trn chu trnh thng tin ci Hnh s 2, phn Hot ng, S
dng, Bo tr (Stage 7) c khp kn vi im khi u. ng qui trnh th l ch x c
(1) kch bn, kt hp vi tiu chun v qun l thng tin cho giai on vn hnh PAS
1192-3 (xem phn tiu chun ca BIM Level trn) thnh lp cc yu cu qun l
ti sn Asset Management l (2) Organisational information requirements (OIR) v (3)
Asset information requirements (AIR). T y s c bn EIR cho c d n.
Ni thm mt cht l chnh ph Anh bt buc dng BIM Level 2 ch yu l nh vo phn
qun l ti sn ny ti v phn ny mi nhiu tin (cc bn xem li ci post v gi tr cng
trnh theo vng i), h hy vng tit kim c 20-25% nu cc tiu chun BIM Level 2
c p dng ng. Mnh ngh trong tng lai, ngi ta s tp trung pht trin cc gii
php cho phn Chuyn giao v Vn hnh (Stage 6 7) ny hn l cc gii php cho cc
Stage 0-5. Gii thiu s th cc bn c khi nim, ci Asset Information Model ny
xng ng c chi tit hn sau ny.
Ni dung ca EIR t nht phi c 3 phn chnh:

Mt s K thut (technical) c bn to thng tin - Yu cu v phn mm, mc

chi tit trong m hnh,
Qun l Thng tin Yu cu v quy trnh qun l khi dng BIM
Yu cu thng mi: Yu cu v cc m hnh BIM, thi gian chuyn giao d liu v
nh ngha mc ch ca thng tin. (comercial - mnh dch l thng mi nhng
trong trng hp ny vn cm thy khng n)

49

www.huytraining.com

Gii thch thm mt to, V

mt k thut,

Ch x yu cu
u dng phn
ph mm g v phin bn
n bao nhiu,
ng thi cng ch r
cc nh dng
ng file m t vn phi cung cp
p (native revit, ifc 2x3 v d
d th). Nu l
t vn th cc bn
n chu
ch kh tun th ti v nu ch x c X v b
bn a Y th chu
cht. Ngay c khi dng cng phn
ph mm
m m khc version th ccng btay.cm, bi v
cc bn khng giao tip
ti c vi nhau.

50

www.huytraining.com

Ch x cng s yu cu
c cc m hnh c dng da trn m
t im gc khi gp
lii lm federated model, m hnh kt
k cu khng b cch xa m hnh ki
kin trc c
dm, v d th. C th
th l trong Revit th cc m hnh phii c chung Survey Point v
Coordinates.
Level of Development (mc
(m
pht trin)
n) = Level of Detail (m
(mc chi tit) +
Level of Information (mc
(m thng tin). Cc bn tha bitt l trong m hnh BIM
th mt i tng
ng (object) s
s c hnh hcc (graphic) v thng tin (data). Ch
Ch x s
quyt nh
nh ty vo giai on
o no ca d n m cc bn
n chi vv chi tit i tng
n
n u v a cho n nhng
nh
thng tin g. n chi vi liu
u l
lng ph hp s gip
cc bn tit kim
m c
thi gian, tin bc v gip bn tr
thnh tay chi ng
ngha.
a. Level of Development
Develop
trong BIM cng vy.

Khi nim ny cng l

khi nim
ni
c bn ca BIM, xin mi cc bn vo
o
http://bimforum.org/lod/
tm hiu.

51

www.huytraining.com

V mt Qun
n l Thng tin th phc
ph tp y, c mt s im
m ng ch :

Trc ht l ch x phi
ph quyt xem Tiu chun hay Hng d
n no no l bt buc
(Mandatory), ci no l khuyn
khuy co s dng
ng (Recommended).

52

www.huytraining.com

53

www.huytraining.com

Ch x phi nu r
o Mcc ch dng BIM (ch
(ch phi hp thit k 3D, hay cho cc 4D, 5D, 6D),
o Cc m hnh mong mun,
mu
ai s s dng m hnh v s d
dng th no. D nhin
l ty theo mcc ch m s
s c cc m hnh v d liu
u g. V d
d ch x khng c
kh nng s dng
ng BIM
qun l ti sn th thi, a thng tin qu
qun l ti sn
vo m hnh lm g, kiu
ki kiu nh vy.
o D liu u
u ra mong mun
mu

EIR du g cng ch l mi
m ti liu khi u, nn cc yu cu
u ny ccng thng ch
mc chung. C th
th l ch cn lm mt ci bng rii nh d
du vo. Trin khai th
no s bn trong BIM Execusion Plan (BEP).

54

www.huytraining.com

55

www.huytraining.com

V cc yu cu thng mi th c hai mc cn ch l:

Ch x yu cu
i tc phi c k hoch thc hin
n BIM (BIM Implantation
Programme, BIM Execution Plan)
Ch x nh gi nng lc
l ca t vn (Suppliers assessment)
http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix
http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix-bim-assessment-file/

56

www.huytraining.com

Ngoi l mt to th thnh thong c bo thy c mt s ngi dn trong chung c biu

tnh chuyn thu ph qun l. Ci ny chc l ti ch u t trc khi xy cha bit mnh
phi qun l hot ng ca ta nh th no hoc l trc khi mua, ngi mua khng bit
mnh phi c ngha v g. Ni chung l thiu mt ci EIR cho c hai.
i, bit mnh mun g nhiu khi cng kh, vit c ra mnh mun g li cng kh hn.
V d vi mnh, thnh thong bn gi hi anh mun t th no, cu tr li thng xuyn l
kiu no cng c, thnh thong c tr li c th hn th l kiu nh hm qua cng c
em. Nn c kh nhiu ti liu hng dn cc bn lm ci bn Yu cu thng tin ny
nh l:

BIM Task Group, http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/bim-eirs/

NBS BIM Toolkit, https://toolkit.thenbs.com/articles/...-requirements/
Estate Management, University of Cambridge
http://www.em.admin.cam.ac.uk/develo...plementing-bim

Khng bit c ai thc mc BIM tt (good BIM) l BIM nh th no? Cu tr li rt n

gin l BIM tt l BIM tha mn cc yu cu ca ch x.
Xem nh tm n cho ci EIR, ci sau? cha bit l g...

57

www.huytraining.com

12. BIM Execution Plan (BEP) K hoch

ch Tri
Trin khai BIM
Mc ch vn l cho ngii mi
m hc nn ci EIR trn c khi mnh vi
vit hi b di. Hy vng
l cc bn khng b qu liu
u , ci ny gi l s dng
ng Level of Development (LOD) khng
ph hp nn dn n
n lng ph (over-production
(over production of information with no defined use, m
mt
trong nhng
ng lng ph m PAS1192-2
PAS1192 mun trnh). Cc post tip
p theo ss ngn gn hn
Di dng th mt to
o nhng ch
ch mong cc bn nh c 2 iu
u chnh l (1) ph
phi c EIR
v (2) EIR phi th hin
n c

3 phn yu cu l K thutt (Techinical), Qu

Qun l
(Management) v Cam ktt v
v kt qu (Commercial).
Thc s l trong cc vn b
n hng dn BIM hin ti th ch c cc b
bn UK l quy nh r
rng v 3 cam kt trong b
n EIR. y l mt cch tip cn
n BIM m
mt cch rt thc dng
ca cc bn UK. Cc ncc khc nh 3 nc
n
Bc u ch yu nng
ng vv yu cu K thut.
OK, xem nh ch x ra c
bi, vy th rii sao, whats next? V
Vy th cc con gii s
tham gii bi thi. Ccc k
k n gin.
Nu mun tham gia gii
bi, vic u tin l con gii phi chu
n b mt ci K hoch
Trin
n khai BIM (BIM Execution Plan). V
V mt c bn
n th BEP l ti liliu u tin chng t
bn c kh nng lm BIM, v cch lm BIM ca
c bn p ng cc cc
i hi m bn EIR
ca ch x a ra. Bn ph
i din gii BIM team ca bn hot ng
ng th
th no, cch bn sn
xut v qun
n l thng tin ra sao
tha mn c ch x.

chi tit hn v BEP, xin mi

m cc bn c c PAS 1192-2:2013
2:2013 4 v 6. BEP th
thng
s lp li nhiu ci c EIR bi v BEP l i ng ca
a EIR nn vvi BEP mnh s vit
ngn ngn thi. Nm na l trong mt
m d n BIM, ch x s yy (push) vo cu
cuc chi cc
thng tin mong mun cho t vn
v xo nu th no y ko (pull) thng tin ra m
mt
cch hp l.
58

www.huytraining.com

Theo PAS 1192-2 th s c 2 ci BEP, mt

m l tin-hp ng
ng BEP (pre
(pre-contract BEP) v sauhp ng BEP (post-contract
contract BEP).

59

www.huytraining.com

Tin-hp ng BEP (pre--contract BEP)

60

www.huytraining.com

T vn dng ci pre-contract
contract
tham gia u thu, ci ny tip cn
n tr
trc tip n ci EIR.
Cng nh trong cc cucc u
thu bnh thng, t vn phi vn
nh
ht cng lc chng
minh l mnh nng lcc
x l ci EIR. Thng th bn chng
ng minh b
bng s hiu bit
v BIM, ngun nhn lcc v IT m cc bn
b c hoc l kinh nghim
m vv cc d n BIM m
bn
tham gia Ni chung c mt
m s im
m lu nh l (PAS 1192
1192-2:2013 6.2):

p ng cc ci EIR: d
d nhin ri, phi khoe l ti hiu
u ci EIR cca ngi. Nhng
thng tin g ngi mun
mu EIR l ti c th p ng c h
t. T vic ngi cn k
thutt g, thng tin v cc m hnh ngi mun,
mu
ti c th p ng c bng cch
nh th ny bla
la bla bla
a ch ch x m son
so c ci EIR th cng khng n n
i g m u, nn bn
cng phi chun b mt
m ti liu kh quan trng l k hoch
ch tri
trin khai chuyn giao
M hnh Thng tin c
a D n = Project Information Model (PIM).
PIM l mt t kha quan
qu trng ca BIM v xut hin
n trn hnh ss 2 bi EIR
nhng m mnh ltt qua. PIM i t
t Stage 1 n
n Stage 6, PIM chnh l ssn phm
ca m hnh thit k
v m hnh thi cng o ca bn. D nhi
nhin bn khng th c
ngay PIM ngay t
u c, trc ht bn phii lm cc m hnh gi
gin n v kin
trc, kt cu ci ti
n dn, thm thng tin dn hon thi
n dn m hnh qua cc
giai on quy trnh thit
thi k.

y, trong ci EIR ny bn
n phi
ph trnh by cho ch x thy cc bcc b
bn s lm.

Thm ci na l bn
n phi
ph chng minh c kh nng trin th
c hin d n = Project
Implementation Plan (PIP). Thng thng
th
cc cng ty s cung ccp cho ch x ci s
t chcc phng BIM ca
c mnh, CV ca mt vi ng
ng ch c mu m
mt Sau y
qung co bn
n tao lm c
bao nhiu d n BIM ri,
i, vn vn v vn vn

61

www.huytraining.com

62

www.huytraining.com

Sau-hp ng
ng BEP (post-contract
(post
BEP)

63

www.huytraining.com

Chc mng bn c chn. Bn b sung ci post-contract ny cho ch x sau khi

thng thu. N s chi tit ha tt c cc thng tin ca ci pre-contract ng thi thm
mt s thng tin c th nh:

Qun l: lc ny bn phi a quipe c th, ch danh ng ch no lm g v

trch nhim th no. Cc D liu u vo cn thit
Chi tit ha chin lc chuyn giao PIM
Ma trn trch nhim ca cc bn tham gia nht l bn ph trch K hoch Chuyn
giao Thng tin Tng th = Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP), li thm mt
keyword na MIDP.
Cc cng ty xy dng s dng MIDP qun l s chuyn giao thng tin trong
sut d n. Cc thng tin cn giao trong mt d n:
o M hnh (Models)
o Bn v (Drawing)
o Thng s k thut (Specifications)
o Thng k thit b (Equipment schedules)
o Thng k d liu tng phng (room data sheet)
Quy trnh kim tra cht lng m hnh: bao gm cc tiu chun v m hnh, t
tn, ta gc phi hp cc m hnh, sai s cho php
Truyn thng: c lng c cc cuc hp g, khong cch thi gian, nhng ai tham
gia
Gii php cng ngh: dng phn mm no,
...

y c mt ci bn tm tt kh chi tit cc iu khon t EIR tng ng vi BEP v

BIM Protocol, cc bn lt qua thm bit thm chi tit. Bi v mnh resize li 600w nn
n kh m, cc bn load bn gc y.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8w...k4SzVlNTg/view

64

www.huytraining.com

BIM Execution Plan hay cn gi

g BIM Project Execution Plan, s d c tt Project bi v ci
BEP n c lm cho tng
ng Project c
c th. Cc bn lm xy dng
ng th u hiu, khng c
cng trnh no nh
cng trnh
tr
no. By gi chuyn
n sang BIM th ccng th, mi d n s
c mt BEP, ngay c khi d
n l nh.
y l mt ti liu sng
ng (live document), to
t ra lc d n bt u
u vvi s ng thun ca
cc bn. S d gi l ti liu
u sng
s
l v trong qu trnh din ra d n, cc bn tham gia c
th thay i mt s k thut
thu hay yu cu
u thng tin hay whatever, cc thay
i ny s
c ghi li trong BEP.
Nh thng l, c rt nhi
u ti liu hng dn cc bn lp
p BIM Execution Plan cho
mnh:

CPIx BIM Execution Plan, http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix-bim

bim-execution-plan/, ci
ny l ca
a UK, n gin
gi d hiu.
The Pennsylvania State University Computer Integrated Construction,
http://bim.psu.edu/,, ci ny ca
c M, l mt trong nhng
ng BIM BEP
u tin, nhng
m n qu s cho cc bn
b mi bt u
Estate Management, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge
http://www.em.admin.cam.ac.uk/develo...plementing
http://www.em.admin.cam.ac.uk/develo...plementing-bim

65

www.huytraining.com

13. Qun l d li
u - Data management - dRofus
C l thuyt dn ng
ng th hnh ng sai st v tit kim thii gian hn. Nhng m ni
mi l thuyt th chn nh
gin lun. Nn thi, tm
t
gc l thuyt l
i, xp xnh cng ngh
mt cht cho vui.
Quay li ci bng phn m
m trn th din tch t xm cng
c nhiu nhiu ra pht.
Xong phn
n CDE, ba mn phi
ph hp 3D 4D 5D v ci cng ngh
ngh tng cng thc t.
Tip theo ni v cc phn
n mm
m
BIM v cc m hnh trong BIM v
y. Phn ny c khi l
phn cc bn lm kt cu
u s y quan tm nht bi v it nhiu
u lin quan
n Revit .

Trc khi ni chuyn

n BIM platform hay m hnh, mnh xin gii
gi thi
u trc ci dRofus m
cc bn thy bn phii mn hnh. y l mt phn mm qun l d liu (data
management). Cc th loii phn
ph mm ny kh l quan trng tii v mnh cc nhc i nhc
lii mi l trong quy trnh BIM, d
d liu l quan trng nhng m nhiu
u khi cc b
bn vn cha
hnh dung ht c ht c th d liu (data) l th no.
Ri thnh thong li bo
o BIM l m hnh d
d liu nn cc bn c ngh
ngh l tt tn tt d liu
phi a vo trong mtt m hnh Revit hay Archicad hay Tekla... V d
d bn Technicalman
post trn c thc mcc l v vn
v l khng th m hnh ha 3D ttt c i tng t
gn cc parameter cho chng, hy vng
v
ci bi v qun l d liu di y gii p
c mt phn thc mc c
a cc bn.
d dng din gii,
i, mnh ly
l v d khi khi u d n xy dng,
ng, th
thng ch u t lm
vic chung vi kin trc s
thnh lp ci file chng trnh t ch
c khng gian v hon
thin cho d n (architectural program), ci ny lm cho tng
t ng phng ttng phng mt, gi
nm na l room-by-room.
room. Mnh ngh
ngh cc bn thy rii nhng m m
mnh c a ci hnh
minh ha.
Ci hnh n hi nh nhng c
c t n l ci file exel, ch r s hiu
u ttng phng, din tch
yu cu, hon thin th no, trong y
c ni tht trang thit b g, bla bla bla
66

www.huytraining.com

V d khi trin
n khai lm m hnh, trn Revit chng
ch
hn, KTS thng
ng ph
phn nh ci room-byroom ny bng cch to
o Room, t
tn nh s, t mu tng ng.
ng. Room th d
d ri, ci
kh hn l hon thin,
n, ni
n tht v trang thit b (FF&E = Furniture, fixtures and
equipment).
Cc thng tin v cc phng (room) v FF&E ny thng
th
c g
i l D liu Cng trnh
(Building Data). Gi l D liu
li Cng trnh phn bit vi D liu
uD
D n (Project Data) l
nhng thng tin v vnh ki
u nh ai lm ch u t, ai lm ch tr thi
thit k kin trc, kt
cu, hoc d n c gi tr bao tini ngc li mt vi ci post
ost trn cao, khi mnh
bo l d liu
u (data) l linh hn
h ca
a Object (family) th Building Data l tri tim cca cng
trnh. Bn th tng tng
ng m hnh kin
ki n trc m khng c room, hon thi
thin, ni tht
trang thit b
th m hnh s
s th no ?
Ty theo mc thng tin (Level of Information = LOI, PAS 11921192-2 9) m bn phi lm
cho m hnh ca mnh nhng
ng m gi
gi d bn Stage 4 hocc 5 v ph
phi pht trin n
Stage 7 (vn hnh) i, th cc FF&E ny phi
ph cha cc thng tin c
a nh sn xut. Tc l
phi trong m hnh phii l cc i
tng (object) tht (hiu
u g v c thng tin kk thut th
no).
Nu l cc object thtt th vic
vi (1) to ra n v (2) qun l n rtt l phi
phin h ti v mt s
l sau:
1. Khng phi nh sn
n xut
xu no cng c family cho sn phm c
a mnh.
2. Vic to cc i tng
ng t
t u l bt kh thi v kh nng dng
ng hnh cho n
ni tht v
thit b ca
a Revit hay ArchiCad kh hn
h ch.
Thng thng
ng cc nh sn
s xut dng cc phn mm
m CAD cho c h
hc (mechanical
CAD) nh Catia, Solidwork, Inventor
thit k cc object
bject ny.

67

www.huytraining.com

3. Ngay c khi bn
n kho tay
c th to c v mt hnh h
c th cc thng tin phi
hnh hcc (data) i km cng
c
ngoi kh nng ca bn
n v n thu
thuc v nh sn xut.
M cc i tng
ng ny th cc
c k giu thng tin (data rich families/components).
Chm gi mt to th y cc bn
b thy r l m hnh ca bn b ph thuc vo bn th
3 nh sn xut. Bi th,, nu
n lm BIM mt cch ton din
n th khng ch
ch c ngnh xy
dng
ng khng thi m cn lin quan n ngnh cng nghip sn
n xu
xut na. Trong cc BIM
Task Group ca chnh ph Anh, h
h c mtt nhm lm BIM cho cc nh ssn xut gi l BIM
4 Manufacturers (http://bim4m2.co.uk/
http://bim4m2.co.uk/). Mc ch l khuyn
n khch cc nh ssn xut tham
gia vo tin trnh BIM. n gin
gi nht l trc mt phi to
o family cc ssn phm ca mnh
cc bn thit k dng.
Tm li, m hnh FF&E th
ng l m hnh chui nhtt trong cc m hnh cca BIM nu ch
dng Revit hay ArchiCad m khng p dng
d
cc k thut khc.

Hin cc bn
n lm m hnh FF&E thng
th
lm l:
1. Hocc l tm cc family thc
th trn cc th vin s dng, UK c 3 th vi
vin object
ph bin l:
68

www.huytraining.com

National BIM Library, https://www.nationalbimlibrary.com/

Bimobject, http://bimobject.com/en
BIM Store, https://www.bimstore.co.uk
2. Hoc l dng cc Generic graphic object + specification: nm na l cc bn dng
cc i tng ph thng (generic object), gn gn ging vi ci Object thc m
cng trnh s dng ri lin kt thm cc ti liu k thut (di dng link n file
pdf) vo m hnh.
Nu l cng trnh nh, s lng rooms v FF&E khng ln th Revit c th qun l c.
Tuy nhin, vi cc cng trnh ln th kh phc tp nh l file revit s phnh ra, tm kim
cng kh khn... V lu di, Revit, ArchiCadkhng th dng qun l cc FF&E ny
c bi v cc nhc im nh l:

C mi ln bn mun thay ni tht hay thit b, v d thay kiu ny sang kiu khc
chng hn, bn phi bt m hnh ln thay object ny bng object khc. ng
thi phi thay lun cc file cha thng s k thut.
Mt s vn phng vn duy tr song song ci fiel excel qun l FF&E bn cnh m
hnh, nn mi ln thay ci ny l phi bo m ci kia cng thay theo.
Ch u t phi c Revit hay ArchiCad mi c th xem c, nu khng th b tay.

T nhiu nm nay, ngi ta c xu hng tch bit vic qun l room-by-room ra khi cc
m hnh ca BIM bng cch to ra cc c s d liu song song vi m hnh nhng kt ni
vi m hnh. Kch bn l:
1. Bn c mt m hnh 3D c to ra bi Revit hay ArchiCad. M hnh ny ch c
tng (wall) thi, khng c ni tht g c.
2. Bn to danh sch FF&E di dng mt c s d liu (Database) trn mt phn
mm th 2 no y. Ch bn mnh chn dRofus lm gii php.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkO35b21Oj8
3. dRofus l web service, lu tr d liu trn cloud nn cc bn tham gia u c th
khai thc c, n lin kt 2 chiu vi m hnh 3D ca Revit hoc ArchiCad ch
nh cho m hnh 3D bit l room no c cc FF&E no. C thng tin ln
ha .
Lin kt 2 chiu ngha l khi bn sa mt bn th bn kia t ng thay i theo.
Tc l bc 3, bn c th thay i FF&E trong m hnh 3D v danh sch FF&E
trn dRofus s c ct nhp mt cch t ng.
4. Sau y vic qun l FF&E gn nh giao trn cho dRofus nh xut bn tm tt cho
tng phng, thng k thit b, ni tht,

69

www.huytraining.com

Cc bn c th xem video di
d y xem tng tc gia
a dRofus vvi Revit th no:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4hmpwNvZE8
1. Bn m m hnh Revit v chn
ch mt room no y
2. Kt ni vi dRofus
ofus v Ko th
th cc ni tht bn mun
3. dRofus s t ng
ng nhn
nh dng Room v thng
ng k trong room
y c g
70

www.huytraining.com

y l cch th cng nht,

t, thng thng
th
cc bn qun l FF&E s nh
nhp t ng hng lot
cc room trn dRofus bng
ng bng
b
nh l trn Excel vy.

Bn cnh y,
y, ci Ifc viewer ca
c dRofus gip bn nh v cc cc room cca bn u,
hoc lc cc loi ni tht

71

www.huytraining.com

OK, vy l bn gii quyt xong mt chuyn kh nhc u l qun l ni tht v trang

thit b ca d n FF&E. Phn ny thng cng chim nhiu tin lm, cc khch sn th
tm 12-16% gi thnh, bnh vin th cn hn.. Bn ch cn phi m hnh chi tit tt c
gn d liu m bn ch cn nhp vn bn. u im nht ca cc gii php ny l c th
chuyn giao cho ch u t tp hp cc FF&E ca cng trnh, m li di dng Database,
rt thun tin khai thc trong giai on vn hnh.
, ci dRofus ch l mt trong nhng gii php hin c thi nh, bn cnh cc bn cng
khng km cnh bao nhiu:

IdeateBIMLink, http://ideatesoftware.com/, bn ny n gin nht, c s d liu

l excel
Codebook, http://codebookinternational.org.uk/
ONUMA, http://www.onuma-bim.com/

72

www.huytraining.com

14. Cc loi m hnh 3D

Ok, vy l thng nht mt phn d liu nh mn, lt nht nhng quan trng c
a ra ngoi m hnh qun l v khai thc hiu qu hn. y l mnh minh ha cho
trng hp ca FF&E cc thng tin khc cng c chuyn ra ngoi nhiu lm ti v cc
m hnh khng th cha ni.
By gi ni n chuyn cc m hnh 3D mt to. Thng qua chuyn m hnh, cc bn c
th thy cc gii hn ca Revit, Archicad gip cc bn c thm l l khi tay i ci
nhau vi cc bn khc cho rng BIM l Revit l ArchiCad.
Thng mt d n hin ti c cc m hnh ph bin:

Landscape - Phong cnh

Architecture - Kin trc
Kt cu bi t vn kt cu Structure (Consultant)
Kt cu bi nh sn xut Structure (Fabricator)
C, in, Nc bi t vn MEP (Consultant)
C, in, Nc bi nh sn xut MEP (Fabricator)
Faade
Ni tht v trang thit b - FF&E

Mnh li lm hnh t cc cng trnh ang lm nn mn php sa cha mt cht bi gii

thiu ca bimstore.co.uk minh ha cho cc bn.
Landscape (phong cnh): Phong cnh m cng l BIM ? D nhin ri, th ci cy trong
vn nh bn khng c tn ? Khng nhng c tn khoa hc m cn c cc d liu nh
r cc hay r chm, iu kin sng (nc, mt tri), chiu cao, tn l, thi gian ra hoa,
tui th, nhiu ha. Vi li, ci cy bi c cng l tin m, phi bc khi lng mi lm
gi c ch.
Tng tng mi cng trnh H Ni c mt m hnh phong cnh, y s lng cy
trng. Ri chuyn ht ln cho thnh ph qun l c s lng, loi cy, tui th y .
Vy l khi quyt nh cht cy no, bao nhiu cy, cy bao nhiu tui rt l d dng
bo co cho dn. Ch cn bt my tnh ln, lm m hnh lin bang (federated model) ca
tt c cc cng trnh, v ch u l cht y.
Ci m hnh di y l landscape ca mt cng trnh Cambridge, ni m thnh ph h
bit trong nh dn c cy g v bao nhiu cy. Bn m cht mt cy th cng phi xinh
php c nm tri. N trong xu xu bi v ngi ta xut ra ifc lm phi hp 3D .

73

www.huytraining.com

Cc bn g t kha BIM for landscape

tm thm ti liu.
V k thutt th cng ngy cng c nhiu
nhi kin trc s phong cnh
nh chuy
chuyn sang dng Revit
nhng l do ch yu l h b
b buc phi lm phi hp
p 3D (3D collaboration) vvi cc b mn
khc, nht l Kin
n trc. Thng
Th
cc vn phng lm phong cnh
nh l nh
nh, it ngi nn duy
tr mt b Revit v cc th
i km l kh kh khn. Cc ng
ng ch lm landscape cho b
bn
mnh thng
ng hay than vn l revit cha
ch
hp lm landscape. H
H vn thch Autocad +
SketchUp + Land F/X hocc l Rhino+LandsDesign hoc
ho + Lumion.
Architecture (Kin
n trc): ci ny cc bn thy nhiu rii nn mnh ch
ch dm ni nhiu.
n hin ti th cc bn
n BIM platform ph
ph bin
n nh Revit, ArchiCad, lm kh ttt cc m
hnh 3D Kin trc. D nhin
n bi
b v BIM l thit k da trn i tng
ng (Object based design)
nn vic to, qun l v s
dng cc Object vn cn nhiu chuyn
n
bn. V s bn sau.
Ghi ch l myy ci hnh ny ch
ch minh ha,
a, khng cng cng trnh trn v khng ph
phi
ca mnh.

Structure (Kt cu): hin

n phn
ph
Revit Structure (hay Revit t 2016) dng
trin khai
bn v kt cu l kh tt.
t. Nht
Nh l cho cng trnh bton. Nhc lii nguyn ttc ca BIM l
mt ngun d liu
u (one single source of truth) nn cc bn
b v 2D
u phi c xut t
m hnh 3D. May mn
n l cc cng c
c 3D hin tii lm ngon lnh chuy
chuyn ny.
74

www.huytraining.com

Cc bn c th load mtt v d
d v bn v xut trc tip t m hnh 3D Revit d
di file nh
km. Ci ny l ca
a cng trnh ci hnh landscape.

Tuy nhin, cho thp v g

th hin ti Revit
evit kh m lm m hnh n Mc Chi tit
(LOI) trn 350, tc l btt u
phn lin kt. Tc l nu
u cng trnh c cc bton c thp, c
g th t vn vn phi v ht
h cc cu kin ln m hnh kt cu
u nhng ch
ch n mc ng
kch thc v v tr hnh hcc
lm kim tra phi hp 3D vi cc b
mn khc v xut bn
v 2D. Hn ch ln na ca
a Revit l khng th
th lm m hnh sn xu
t (fabrication model)
Structure (Fabricator).
Hin ti phn ln
n cc nh sn
s xut u trin khai li m hnh sn
n xu
xut bng phn mm
khc ngoi Revit, v d Tekla cho phn
ph kt cu
u thp v Cadwork cho ph
phn kt cu g. Tc
l sau khi t vn kt cu
u phi
ph hp xong xui vi cc b mn khc trong giai o
on thit k
(n
n Stage 4), sang pha thi cng (Stage 5), cc nh sn
s xut s d
ng li m hnh revit
m bo ng vi kin
n trc v s
s t trin khai lin kt, ctt thp b
bng m hnh ring ph
hp vi phng php ch t
o ca mnh.
Cc bn fan ca revit chcc ang chi
ch mnh l revit cng c chcc nng tto lin kt thp,
g cng c kh nng xu
t sang Structural Detailing hii xa v Advance Concrete/Steel
ngy nay lm detail nhng m theo mnh
m
l u ht,
t, khng
li vi Tekla v
Cadwork.
Cc bn chi th chi lun, ngoi
ngo tr pdf l dng c cn lii cc file dwg xu
xut ra t cc
th loi revit cng
ng khng s
s dng c,
c, mu m tm lum, line th ch
chng cho ln nhau,
sp xp ln xn...
n... Ci ny th t nht
nh c bn
n Technicalman cng phe vvi mnh .

75

www.huytraining.com

MEP Bn Revit MEP cng

ng ngon lnh
l
cnh o nhng khng hiu
u sao
n version 2016
mi a ci phn sn xutt (fabrication) vo. Vy
V l cc con giii bn ccnh dng Revit MEP
thit k, phi hp
p 3D v xut
xu 2D li phi lm thm mtt m hnh ssn xut na, d nhin
l vi phn mm
m FAB MEP khc.

Faade (cc hnh trn cc bn

b thy Metsec l tii v Metsec l cng ty sn xut thp hnh
lm faade ph bin nh
t nc Anh nn c ni n faade ng
i ta ngh n metsec).
76

www.huytraining.com

Cng tng t nh m hnh

nh kt
k cu, revit ch lm nhim v
n Level 300. Sau y
chuyn sang cho cc ng
ng ch khc lm sn
s xut.

FF&E m hnh ni thtt trang thit

thi b. ng ch ny cc tiu di
dit trn. Dng Revit
khng qun l ng
ng ch ny l nhim
nhi
v bt kh thi nn phii c anh khc tham gia.
y l mnh s lcc cc m hnh c
c bn trong BIM. Bn cnh yy cn c nhi
nhiu m hnh
na nh m hnh
h bo chy (fire alarm), an ton (security), chiu
chiu sng (lighting) ni
chung BIM l s ha m, s
s c g l s. n
n pha sau cc m hnh l cc cc cc s d
liu i km qun l b sung cho m hnh. Cc bn
b thy mtt ng
ngi c th lm ht tng
ny m hnh, to
o ra bao nhiu thng tin v qun
qu l n cc khng
khng? No way. Mt mnh
Revit hay ArchiCad c cn c
ht ngn ny khng? No way.
Bc tip theo cc k quan trng
tr
l lm sao gom cc m hnh lii trong m
mt m hnh lin
bang:

V khai thc tii a thng tin s c c One single source of truth:

77

www.huytraining.com

Hol, xong phn gii thiu

u m hnh. Cn lm sao lm m hnh v lm sao gom lli c,
sau y lm sao s dng
ng cho hiu
hi qu? lm sao v lm sao...
http://www.mediafire.com/file/xfe7ry3e02qtike/Revit+STR.pdf

78

www.huytraining.com

15. Phn mm
m cho 3D Design
Bi vit v cc m hnh trn ch
ch gip cc bn
n c ci nhn chung vv cc m hnh c bn
c th c. Tip theo chcc ni mt
m cht v phn mm to
o ra cch m hnh y.
Nhc li l on ny vn trong mc phn mm cho 3D design c
a BIM. Mnh cng nh
chm mt on v cc ph
n mm lm 3D ny nhng chc chn
n khng th
th chi tit bng
chng 2.4 ca quyn
n BIM handbook: a guide to building information modeling for
owners, managers designers, engineers, and contractors , nn thi. Cc b
bn c th c
on trch v phn mm
m y http://codebim.com/wp-content/upload...ok_extract.pd
content/upload...ok_extract.pdf.
Gii thiu y cng l quy
n Bible cho cc bn lm BIM.
Nhn tin mnh cng giii thch l trong cc bi vit
vi mnh t link tham kh
kho ny n hoc
link sau cng bi v n gin
gi l mnh khng mun cc bn tr nhi
nhim thi quen rt rt
xu ca mnh, ang cc ci ny, thy
th link l qua lun, c th ltt lm rrt mt thi gian
m khng hiu qu. Vi l vit
vi l gi khch, t link nhiu mtt khch tui sao

Trong BIM, h phn loii v nh gi phn

ph mm ng dng
ng (application) ra lm 3 ph
phn:

BIM tool (Cng c cho BIM):

BIM) nm na l cc ng dng
ng dng
p ng mt nhu
cu no y v d nh Revit trin khai thit k 3D, tto vo xut bn v.
Sap2000 phn tch kt
k cu. CostX lm d ton Ttt cc cc phn mm m
cc bn thyy trn hnh u c th gi l BIM tool.
BIM platform (Nn
n tng
t
BIM): BIM tool th nhiu th,, nhng ch
ch c mt s tool
trong y c kh nng thit
thi k v lm nn, to d liu
u cho cc ph
phn mm
khc. V d Revit, Archicad, Bentley Architecture, Vectorworks, Trimble Digital
Project, Tekla nh
cc bn
b thyy trn hnh. Nm na l sau khi thi
thit k xong trong
cc phn mm
m ny, m hnh c th
th lin kt hoc xut d liliu ra dng vi cc
tool khc thc hi
n cc tnh ton khc nhau. V d vii Robot
tnh kt cu, vi
ArchiWizard phn tch nng
nn lng hoc vi Solibri lm 4D
79

www.huytraining.com

BIM environment (Mi trng BIM): nm na l ng trm cho c tool ln platform.

Mc ch l qun l d n, d liu, thng tin, bo m cho cc platform v tool
hot ng trn tru vi nhau. Ci ny tng t CDE trn cao vy nhng quy m
nh hn. V d Autodesk c Buzzsaw, ConstructWare. Bentley c ProjectWise.

Cc bn l cc cng ty phn mm ln by gi u c gng mua bn, st nhp nhau

c y 3 th loi trn.
V d khi bo dng BIM theo Autodesk th mi ngi ngh ngay l , thit k trn nn
Revit (BIM platform) v kt hp vi ci tool nh tnh kt cu vi Robot, nng lng vi
Ecotech, 4D vi Naviswork tt c s c qun l vi Buzzsaw hay A360
Pha bn kia Nemetschek th Thit k trn nn Archicad, tnh ton kt cu trn nn Scia,
nng lng vi EcoDesigner, 4D vi Solibri qun l (BIM environment) vi
Teamwork/BIMServer hay BIMplus sau ny.
Cc bn Trimble hay Bentley cng tng t.
Vit chung chung kiu ny ch yu cho cc bc trn cao cao ni chuyn vi nhau
lm k hoch ny n, kiu cc tin ng ung tr, vut ru m o ch cha dnh hon
ton cho cc bn tr.
Dnh cho cc bn tr phi l chi tit, chi tit v chi tit. Phi thc hnh c. Phi to ra
la c.
Vi cc bn tr, v d khi c chef tin tng
phn mm ny, kt hp vi cng c kia, ng
ly thng tin ny. Em s hon thnh cng
sau 2 nt nhc l np bi chef duyt, ht 3

giao vic cho th s OK chef, em s dng

thi dng m nam k lin lc vi i tc kia
vic chef giao trong vng 3 nt nhc . V
nt th gi cho khch hng. Ta da. Ta da.

Ch kiu m nhn vic ri nhng li bn vin vng nh BIM n c nhiu li t lm chef,

BIM n c tng ny m hnh n chef nhng ci chef giao revit n b gii hn, lm cha
c chef i, bla bla bla Thnh thong gp cc bn tr kiu ny l mnh st lun cho nh
vic.
Chuyn chi tit trc tin l bn mnh hay dng Revit to ni dung 3D (BIM Content)
. L do? cng ch bit ti rng ra na, thy c th dng.
Chi tit hn to na th lm sao lm m hnh? Cng nh trn, mi cc bn ra trung tm
hc phn mm. Vn mnh thng thy l revit l mt phn mm qu d dng, mt bn
khng bit g ch cn bt revit ln, ko th cc i tng (object) l c m hnh. Ci ny
cng l im yu ca Revit ti v to m hnh qu d nn cng d dn n cc m hnh
ch dng c vic g. M cc bn mi bt u sau khi ko th xong thy chng lm c
g nn thi, b, v c cm vi revit lun.
Dng Revit chc quan trng nht l phi c 1 ci Template, v phi c cc nguyn tc
(Golden rules) xy dng m hnh i theo Template . Trong ci post cc th phi
chun b Stage 0 ca mt cng ty tham gia BIM, mnh c cp n vic cc cng ty
phi c mt b tiu chun BIM Standards ca mnh, th Template ny l mt trong cc ci
80

www.huytraining.com

quan trng phi chun b.. Nu

N
khng c Template, bn
n khng xu
xut c bn v, cng
bn khng phi hp c.
c. Mnh s
s tr li ci Template sau.
y xem nh bn
n c Template
lm m hnh. Th ci quan trng
ng ti
tip theo lm m
hnh hay ng hn l to ni dung (BIM Content) li l cc i tng
ng (object). BIM l thi
thit
k hng i tng
ng (object based design), kiu
ki nh lp trnh h
ng i tng vi C++
vy ha. Gn nh tt c cc th
th bn ko vo m hnh u l ii t
tng tt: dm, tng,
sn, ct, hon thin, vt d
ngCc i tng to
o nn m hnh, cc i tng to nn ni
dung.
Bi th ni dung BIM ca
a bn
b ph thuc vo cht lng
ng object. M trn cao cao ni,
cht lng object s bao g
m ba thnh phn:

Cht lng ha
a 3D (Quality
(Qua
3D)
Cu trc d liu
u (Structure data)
Tham s thng minh (Intelligent parametric)

Cht lng ha th r r
i, i tng trng tro p kiu Ngcc Trinh bao gi
gi lm m
hnh p v a nhn hn.

81

www.huytraining.com

Cu trc d liu, d liu cng

ng ng lun, khng
kh
nh ri,
i, object m khng c d
d liu th
nh tng sp thi. p
p nhng ngn
ng u. D liu ca bn phii
y v t chc theo
tiu chun v giao thcc ph hp.
h
C th th mi d trch xutt v ti ss dng c

i tng phii tng tc mt

m cch thng minh trong lc thit k,, v d
d nh cha nhiu
option v tnh nng khi thit
thi k d dng la chn (all-in-one
one object). Theo ki
kiu, p th
c quyn chnh
nh nhng n mc
m hay tr li phng vn cng phii ph h
hp vi hon cnh
mt to.

Thng thng mii cng ty u

c mt th vin i tng ring
tin cho vic thit k.
Tuy nhin, vic to
o v duy th n khng phi
ph d.. Nn cng ngy cng c nhi
nhiu c s i
tng cho cc bn s dng
ng nh:

National BIM Library, https://www.nationalbimlibrary.com/

Bimobject, http://bimobject.com/en
BIM Store, https://www.bimstore.co.uk
Autodesk Seek, http://seek.autodesk.com/
82

www.huytraining.com

BIM Components, https://bimcomponents.com/

Chi tit cui cng ca mcc ny l dng cc phn

ph mm h tr m hnh to h s k
thut cho vt liu s dng
ng trong cng trnh.
bi trc mnh gii thiu
u l dng cc c s d
d liu
u nh dRofus, CodeBook
qun l
room-by-room.
room. Tuy nhin, cn mt
m ti liu quan trng na trong h
s d n l ch nh
vt liu v thng s k thu
t cho cng trnh.
Hin tii (1) m hnh v (2) h
h s k thut vt liu thng cc tch ring, b
bn lm m
hnh c lm, v d ch nh
nh l tng
t
bng gch
ch trong m hnh. M
Mt bn khc lm trn
word g ch nh: tng
ng gch,
g
dy 200, cng B40 hocc tng ng, ph h
hp vi
tiu chun
n ABC blab la bla...
bla.. C th cho tt c cc i tng ca
a cng trnh.
Anh, cc kin
n trc s hay s
s dng NBS Create to
o lun ci h
h s vt liu ny song
song v ni vii m hnh revit. Tc
T
l cc bn c sn cc ch
nh vt liu trn NBS
Create, cc bn m m hnh revit ln ri
r p ch nh vt liu
u cho
i tng, n cui
cng cc bn c ci h s vt
v liu i cng v kt ni vi revit.

83

www.huytraining.com

Cc bn c th xem ci video ny
hiu thm quy trnh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8s59q2JKIQ
Vy l thm mtt ci quan trng
tr
na m cc bn c th tch ra khii mi hnh qun l.
Phn BIM platform vii m hnh n y c v tm n nh.

84

www.huytraining.com

16. BIM Capacity Assessment

Loanh quanh vii ci BIM Platform, m hnh v d
d liu
u lu qu. T
Tm thi phn cng
ngh (technology) y
quay li vi phn
n quy trnh (process). Ph
Phn con ngi
(people) th ng l kh nht,
nh hin ti cc kin phn hi u
u l kh tri
trin khai v cn xa
vi. Phn ny th ngoi kh
nng ca mnh. ng b c kt rii thay
i cc suy ngh
hin ti - challenge current thinking - lun rt kh. Bi th, vicc mnh c th
th lm l chia
s kin thcc TRUST, Share knowledge, nht
nh l cho cc bn tr.
Tr li vi phn Protocols trn trn cao, mnh c cp n m
t s ti liu m ch x
hay t vn hay nh thu
u cn
c
trin
n khai BIM. Ci CIC Protocol (giao th
thc BIM), EIR
(thng tin yu cu ca ch x), ci BEP (k hoch trin khai BIM)
c khoanh trn, x
l, xm mu. Ci tip
p theo l ci BIM Capacity Assessment Bn
n nh gi nng llc BIM
cho mnh v cho i tc .

Cc bn no mun
n lm BIM ng hong, nht
nh l mun
n nh ra n
nc ngoi, th nn
nghin cu k ci ph v t
t ph ny. Tng t th cng ging
ng phong tro ph v tt ph
ca cn b dzy,
y, nhng m khng phi
ph theo phong tro m cc b
n phi lm lin tc bi
v th gii BIM thay i rtt nhanh.
V d hm trc mnh giii thiu
thi vi cc bn
n ci Navisworks v Solibri
lm phi hp 3D,
clash detecton, hm nay c mt
m ng ch bn hng khi gii cho mnh gi
gii php mi c
th kt liu
u clash detection. Mnh cha
ch kp c n l ci g nhng
ng ch
chc chn y l cng
ngh mi na.
The Beginning off the End of Clash Detection
http://buildingsp.com/index.php?opti...og&Itemid=1038
http://buildingsp.com/index.php?opti...og&Itemid=1038,
Hoc l cc bn thyy cc cng ngh
ngh m mnh gii thiu trn qua cc link trn youtube
m nhiu bn th mi,
i, nhng nhiu
nhi ci c trin khai t lu lm
m rri, nhng nm 2012
c, tcc l cch y hn 4 nm . Hin ti m cc sch BIM th nh
nhng quyn no sau
2012 th c ch trcc y cc bn
b c th b c .
85

www.huytraining.com

nh gi kh nng BIM ca
c cc bn, ch x thng gi mt s ti liliu mu cc bn
tr li, c th l:
1. BIM Competency Questionaire ca
c ring tng ch x, cc bn
n tr
tr li v h da vo
y cho cho im.
m.
2. Cc mu nh gi c
a CPIC (CPIx BIM Assessment Form)
Ni dung ca bn cu hii (BIM Competency Questionaire) th ph
ph thuc c th tnh cht
ca tng cng trnh m h
nhn mnh im no cn bn tr li.
i. Tuy nhin, vv ni dung
c bn th c:

Hi v Quy trnh (process) BIM ca

c bn kiu bn c BIM Standard khng, n th
th
no, th tc tin
n hnh (procedure) ra sao v kinh nghim
nghi m (experience) ki
kiu nm
nay bn
n lm bao nhiu
nhi cng trnh BIM, c t th no, v tr
trc v nhiu nm trc
na...
Hi v cng ngh (Technology): cng ngh
ngh bn ang s hu
u ch
cho tng b mn. Ci
ny VN ta chcc l v ch,

mun cng ngh g th khai vo r

i kim sau. , my ci
cloud application th hi
h kh bi v khng c thuc.
Hi v i BIM ca
a cc bn,
b
c nhng ai, CV th no, k hoch
ch o tto

CPIc = Construction Project Information

In
Committee, http://www.cpic.org.uk/
http://www.cpic.org.uk/, y ban tin
hc xy dng?,, nghe khng ku lm.
l
Hi ny chuyn nghin cu,
u, lm cc h
hng dn, su
tp cc best practice v p dng
d
tin hc cho xy dng. Thng thng
ng cc xu
xut bn ca h
l min
n ph, mang tnh p dng
d
cao. V BIM, ngoi ci BIM Execution Plan m cc b
bn
gp mc trn, h cn c 3 ci mu
m nh gi kh nng BIM:

Mu nh gi kh nng BIM (BIM Asessment form)

Mu iu tra v kh nng IT (IT Asessment form)
Mu iu tra v kh nng nhn s (Resource Assessment form)

V tng quan th cng l

nh gi hiu
hi
bit ca bn v d liu
u trong quy trnh BIM
(Gateway question). ng
ng dng
d
ca cc bn n u trong 12 ng
ng d
dng c bn ca BIM

86

www.huytraining.com

(12 Areas of BIM, nh ci h

hnh bi trc). Sau y l v kinh nghi
nghim (BIM Project
Experience) v kh nng v
ngi ln IT.
Cc bn c th load cc mu
m
trn min ph : http://www.cpic.org.uk/c
http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix-bimassessment-file/
Sau y, ch x cng th
ng s dng mt ci biu nh gi BIM cca NIBS, National
Institute BUILDING SCIENCES, http://www.nibs.org/, n l mtt ci file excel, i
in vo cc
tiu ch v n cho ci biu
u
nh gi nng lc:

Cc bn c th ti mt bn
n Mu
M cu hi v ci file excel ny y. Ci file questionaire hy
vng cc bn fairplay, ch dng cho mc
m ch hc tp.
https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.co...assessment.zip
1.amazonaws.co...assessment.zip
Voilu voil, xong phn v ng

cho hu chy. Cc t vn
n lin quan
n BIM Anh gn
nh ng no cng b nh gi kiu
ki ny. Hy vng c bn cc xong bi ny m
mnh dn th
in vo cc form, hay tr li
l cc cu hi xem kh nng BIM ca
a mnh n u.
Nguyn vn bi anhductran
Em chen ngang, hii bc Tal t nh
bit, mong bc gii thch)

(ton cu hi c con thi, nhng

ng khng h
hi th li khng

Hin ti cng ty bc ang s dng nhng ng dng no trin

n khai BIM, vvi hiu bit rt su v
BIM ca bc th bc ang nm
m v
v tr no trong quy trnh BIM ca cng ty . Nh vy nu ng dng
BIM th s sinh ra nhng chcc danh no, nhim
nhi
v ra sao.

87

www.huytraining.com

ng dng BIM mc thng tng th phi gii quyt ci h tng l cc b mn phi thnh
tho cng c ca mnh, lc mi tnh n s phi hp ca cc b mn. V mt kt cu, hin ti
em mi m mm s dng Revit Structures, giai on ln 3D ca Revit rt nhanh, chnh xc, tuy
nhin n giai on trin khai bn v thp, thm chi tit th li rt t m v kh th cng, phi
qun l ti t th, phn thng k thp khng h tr mnh lm... Khng bit bn bc s dng thm
nhng g rt ngn cng on ny khng. Ci ny chc c mt i ng trin khai detailing
bc nh
C l my cu hi ny i vi bc n dng vi m qu, tuy nhin VN th phi i t di ln
trn, phi xc nh c thc t l BIM (hay Revit...) c hiu qu tht v phi thay th tt CAD th
lc n mi i tr c. M mt trong nhng tiu ch nh gi hiu qu l tng tc trin
khai h s, h s chun chnh y . Theo em th i vi cc cng trnh n gin, nh th CAD v
qun l truyn thng vn kh tt so vi BIM.

Hi anhductran, c ngi t cu hi tc l c ngi quan tm nn mnh rt vui. Khng c

cu hi d m ch c cu tr li ti , nn bn c t cu hi thoi mi con g mi.
Cc cu hi ca bn rt hay v c th, tr li c th chc l di. Mnh ngh l cng ty
bn cng ang lm BIM nn bn hiu rt c th l BIM phi c gc l t cc b mn ch
khng phi t phng BIM hay t trn tri ri xung.
tr li cc cu hi ca bn mnh xin s lc mt cht v lch s bn mnh trin khai
BIM. Mnh tham gia trin khai mn ny vi cng ty t nhng nm 2009-10. Cng ty mnh
l nh thu v c phng k thut bn trong vi y cc b mn nn c th lm t thit
k kin trc ban u d n n khi thi cng xong (Stage 0 n 6), nh th nn cc mn
phi hp ca BIM d c trin khai theo chui hn l cc cng ty ch thit k hoc thi
cng khng thi. Ban u th ng l c mt mt ci th ca tng gim c a xung
kiu th gii xy dng sp bc sang k nguyn s, cng ty s thay i n nhn n,
bla bla bla...
Vy l mi b mn c ra 1 hay 2 ng ch i hc Revit, hoc Digital Project . Sau y,
cc bn ngi li vi nhau tm cch trin khai revit cho mi b mn v lm sao cc b mn
phi hp vi nhau. M phi hp c vi nhau th mi bn phi hiu i tc hot ng
nh th no. Nn bn mnh chun b mt ci m by gi thi i gi l BIM Toolkit, bi ch
th gi hay th ch hi xa lm kt g trnh t c ci tn ku th .
Trong s cc bn k thut vin y th ct hn mt bn ra, khng lm k thut na m
ch m h s lng xng qua li gia cc b mn, theo di cng ngh, lm vic vi cc
cng ty phn mm bn ngoi, vit report, bla bla bla ... m by gi c gi bng ci tn
rt ku l BIM Manager.
Vy , ban u bn mnh cng ch lm 3D lonely, sau y tng bc mt mi phi hp
vi nhau v thm cc xD khc vo.Trc y, hng nm tng cng ty t chc cc ngy
gi l BIM Day cc cng ty con trao i, gii thiu thnh qu mnh t c, best
practices... Ni chung mnh thy mi chuyn t nhin, ch c g l gh gm c.
n y chc bn bit mnh lm g ri, mnh ch l k s kt cu thi, khng hn khng
km. Bn bo mnh hiu bit rt su v BIM, mnh cm n nhng ng l qu khen. Thc
88

www.huytraining.com

ra trnh BIM ca mnh cng

ng ch
ch t yu cu ti thiu nh cc bn
n ph
ph trch BIM ca cc
b mn khc nh MEP hay phng php thi cng thi. Nh mnh
m

ni trn, mun phi

hp c phi hiu
u quy trnh v bit
bi i tc lm g. By gi khng ch
ch l BIM ni b na
m l BIM x hi, nn bn
n mnh phi
ph sa i ci Toolkit i mt to
o
ni v c vi cc
ii tc bn ngoi, ci ny th theo chun
chu Level 2.
Mnh ngh ng
ng no cc bn
b cng i qua y thi, khng ch nh
ng ngi trc tip lm
m hnh mi c hiu bitt v
v BIM m mi ngi trong cng ty u
u ph
phi c kin thc v
BIM. Tuy nng nh mi v tr l khc nhau, nhng l nhn vin th
th ai ccng phi c . Cc
chef th khii ni, giao ban thng
th
xuyn vi hi ph trch cng ngh
ngh.
T chcc cc cng ty c thay i
khng? Ci ny thc s ngoi tm
m hi
hiu bit ca mnh. Ly
v d trng hp ca cng ty mnh th ngoi cc b
b mn truyn
n th
thng, t lc BIM pht
trin
n th c thm 2 phng mi.
m
Mt l phng BIM, l cc b
n trc y lm k thut nh mnh
nh miu tt trn , cc bn
sang lm BIM ri li bn
n v khng quay v
v na. Li cn thnh lp
pm
mt ci phng m s
lng tng cn nhanh hn
n l cc phng
ph
k thut khc . V d nm 2008, ph
phng kt cu
ca mnh c 10 k s, phng
ng BIM cha
ch ra i. Vyy m nm 2016, b
bn mnh cn 8, phng
BIM c n 10 lng.
Ci hnh di y minh ha
a mt
m cht v vai tr ca ca BIMer, b
n nhn th c th on
c:

cng ty mnh th cc bn
n BIM Modeler thuc
thu v nhn s ca
a cc b
b mn bi v cc bn
tham gia thit k,, lm m hnh 3D v xut
xu bn v 2D, kiu nh h
a vin Cad nhng by
gi l ha vin BIM. Hai bn
n BIM Manager
Manager v BIM Coordinator th thu
thuc phng BIM.
ng BIM Manager ch yu
u l lm chin
chi lc, qun
n l thng tin v ngo
ngoi giao. Trong cc
d n c th th ng
ng lm trung gian gia
gi a khch hng v cc phng kk thut. V d ng
89

www.huytraining.com

nhn ci EIR ca
a khch hng ri
r v trao i vi phng k thutt l liliu c lm c th
ny khng vit BEP.
ng BIM Coordinator th ch
ch yu lm phi hp, ng ny gom htt cc m hnh cca cc b
mn li lm m hnh lin bang (federated model) cho phi
ph hp
p 3D. N
Nu bn cc
mc 4D, 5D m mnh giii thiu
thi trn, mnh lun nu r nhn
n ai tham lm, v nh 4D th
th
ch yu l gia k s tin
n
(planner) v phng php thi cng (method engineer). 5D
th l ca k s d ton. Mnh nhc
nh li bn thy l BIM ch yu
u
c sn xut cc b
mn ch khng phi phng BIM. Phng BIM mang tnh trung gian, qu
qun l nhiu hn.
l phng
ng BIM. Phng th
th 2 thm vo l phng "kim tra ti liu
u - Document control".
Khng bit hin tii trn cng trng
tr
VN cc bn qun l bn v
th no? v d t vn
gi bn v ti th ai nhn,
n, ai theo di s
s thay i ca cc bn v,, ai b
bo m cng nhn
thi vi bn v mi nht...V
i BIM m li l mi trng trao ii thng tin chung CDE, m
mi
cng trnh thng c mtt bn
b Document Control qun
n l ci CDE ny, m ch
ch yu l kim
tra tnh ng nhtt (theo BEP) ca
c cc bn v m t vn a ln.
Cu hi v phn mm th cc hnh gii thiu phn mm, v d ci hnh u tin trong
serie bi vit l cc phn
n mm
m
bn mnh c license dng c.
c. Tuy nhin, cc ph
phn
mm c dng thng xuyn
uyn l nhng
nh
ci cc khoan trn mu xanh.
Cu hi v v thp trong revit mnh s
s trnh by trong phn
n BIM for Structural Analysis
sau. Nhng c bn nh mnh
nh ni phn cc m hnh, revit cha
a ph h
hp lm cc
m hnh sn xutt (fabrication model), nm
n na l t level of information tt 350 tr i l
kh. Bn mnh hay ni a l
v c mt chi titt level 400 hay 500 trong revit th cn
lu hn l thi cng chi titt y
ngoi cng trng , c khi yy l tti v bn mnh khng
kho tay.
Cng ty ch lm 3D reinforcement cho nhng
nh
chi tit c bitt kh vv hnh hc, hoc cc
n b tng - bton hocc btong-thp...
btong
m cng khng phi b
ng revit na m trn
Tekla. Cn li l trin
n khai 2D thp trn autocad vi
v cc add-in
in nh Adfer ho
hoc structural
detailing. Thc ra cng ch c thp sn l ch yu, ct vi dm
m th xu
xut thng bn v t
phn mm tnh ton.

90

www.huytraining.com

17. BIM for Analysis and Simulation BIM cho phn tch
v m phng
K hoch l vit v ci Template nhng ci ny di m trong u
u ccng cha c ci sn
c th th no nn hon vy.
v
Nhn tin ang ni chuyn v ktt ccu, thp 3D, thi quay
li t xm ci bng
ng cng ngh
ngh vy.
Nhc li khi nim c bn
n l BIM l s
s ha m sn phm c th l cc m hnh 3D v cc
s d liu i km. Mtt khi
c m hnh v d liu th mcc ch ti
tip theo l lm th no
khai thc hiu qu ci s
n phm s ny.
Vi cch lm truyn thng
ng trc
tr BIM th c mt s lng ph ln chuyn dng m hnh.
C th l Kin trc s thitt k,
k cho ra bn v 2D. Sau y cc b mn khc nh cc b
bn
phn tch kt cu, nng l
ng, nh sng.. s dng li m hnh t cc b
bn v y. Mi ng
mt m hnh. yy l cha k
k ng kin trc l cha ca thay i,
i, thnh ra d
dng ln ri sa
li nhiu
u khi chn v lng ph thi
th gian, m c mi ln dng hocc ssa li l thm mt ln
ri rt thng tin.
Vi BIM, cc bn c th cii tin
ti c mt cht vic m hnh lii ny
tit kim c mt
to thi gian cho cc chuy
n khc. Phn ny mnh s cp
p t ti
n BIM cho phn tch
v m phng
ng (BIM for Analysis and Simulation)
Simulation

BIM cho phn tch nng lng

l
v pht trin bn vng v x thii CO2 (BIM for eneygy
analysis, sustainability and carbon)
Nhc li mt cht v cc m hnh c
c bn ca BIM phii l cc m hnh c ch
ch (intend
model) s dng
ng cho vic
vi g v sau. Bi th, nu trong bn
n tri
trin khai BIM ca bn
(BEP) c yu cu
u phn tch nhit
nhi cho cng trnh, vy th khi kin
n trc s khi chu
chun b m
hnh, h phii dng cc family c cc tham s
s nhitt (Energy Family parameters) nh h
h s

91

www.huytraining.com

dn nhit, cch nhit

t cho tng,
t
ca s Myy ci ny trong Revit
c sn dng,
cc bn ch vicc input vo thi.
Sau khi c m hnh, h xu
tt ta cc file GBxlm (Green Building xlm)
nhp vo cc phn
mm m phng nhit tin
ti hnh phn tch. Phn mm
m m cng ty mnh dng cho lo
loi
ny EDSL TAS.
Ni dung phn tch th no, nhn
nh c kt qu g th yy l cng vi
vic ca k s nhit cho
cng trnh (thermal engineer) v cc bn
b lm v pht trin bn v
ng (sustainability and
carbon). Mnh ch bitt l cc bn
b cc k happy khi ly cc ci v
v v li ca cng
trnh ti v, cc bn
n ny khc vi
v cc bn kin trc s hay kt cu,
u, l khng thch mn xxp
hnh .

Cc bn lm kt cu
u hay xy lp
l c bn c th cho rng myy ci phn tch nhi
nhit ny l v
vnh nhng
ng xin tha, n l mt
m ngnh ca tng lai y .. Cng vvi khi nim pht trin
bn vng
ng (sustainable development) m chnh ph
ph cc ncc cam kkt l cc tiu chun
mi v nng lng, x thii carbon mi
m ra i. My ci ny nh h
ng trc tip n ngnh
xy dng. V t bao gi,, cc anh nhit
nhi hc vi mi trng tr thnh cc anh ccc k quan
trng trong cc d n xy dng. Tin mnh i, lng ca
a cc anh ny cao hn lng cc
anh kt cu nhiu .
Th gii phn mm
m phn tch nhit
nhi hc, nng lng l th giii bng n
n nht, hin ti.
n gin l n mii v khng c cng c
c th cc bn k s ny khng lm
c. Khng
nh kt cu, cc bn c th
tnh tay, my anh ny th phi c phn
nm
mm mi lm c.

92

www.huytraining.com

Cc anh ny cn quan tr
ng bi v lin quan n cc chng
ng ch
ch ca cng trnh nh
BREEAM, LEED, LOTUS M cc bn
b bit y, by gi ngii ta i bn hng th
th ci u
tin bn l chng ch ch
ch khng phi bn kt cu, ha ha. yy cc b
bn tr chuyn dn
sang cc th linh tinh i l va,
v
ng tp trung nhiu
u vo cc chuyn ngnh cc truyn
ca xy dng nh kt cu
u hay thi cng na.
n
BIM cho phn tch kt c
u - BIM for Structural Analysis
Bn mnh l cng ty, ng
ng dng
d
BIM, trch nhim l trc tip,
p, nhn ti
tin, kt qu nh
hng trc tip
p ln thc go
g ca mnh. Nn chi ui, ci g lii tui m
mi lm. C th mnh
cha ni nhng bn
n mnh khng phi
ph l t vn
n BIM (BIM Consultant) m l p d
dng BIM
(BIM Uses). Hay ni a l BIM Consultant l bn lm BIM nhng khng ch
chu trch nhim,
hay l trch nhim thuc v
ngi khc
t nht l t nhng
ng nm 75-80
75
khi CSI vp SAP2000 ra i. Rt ticc BIM khng ph
phi l 3D,
khng phi Revit nn cng
ng khng phi
ph i SAP2000, hay Etabs, hay RobotLong qung m
mt
cht th nu c gi n gi
n 3D l BIM th cc bn k s kt cu
lm BIM tt my chc
nm nay, nh.
Trong qu trnh BIM hin
n ti
t th K s kt cu cng c hng
ng lli nhiu. Trc tin l
phn lin kt vii m hnh kin
ki trc to m hnh kt cu.
u. Thay v ph
phi lt hng ng
bn v hiu
u n l ci g th ch
ch cn ci 3D, quay qua quay lii l bi
bit. Sau y l xut
bn v kt cu 2D, ni chung nu
n bn c l cy Autocad vng i n
a th xut bn v cng
khng p v chnh xc bng
ng Revit.
l phn bn v kt cu,
u, cn phn
ph bn v thp v phn tch th cn nhi
nhiu chuyn
bn. Nhng chia s dii y ch
ch l kinh nghim v phng php c
a bn mnh, n c th
khc cc bn, v ph thucc vo kch c,
c th loi cng trnh.
93

www.huytraining.com

Xu hng
ng tng lai l khng phn
ph mm no c th ng vng m
t mnh. Cc hng phn
mm u phi tm cnh bi
n sn phm ca
a mnh thnh BIM tool h
ht. Bng cch ny hay
cch khc u phi kt n
i c vi BIM Platform. Cht lng
ng th
th no l chuyn khc
nhng t nht l phii c ni n
khi bn sn phm.
Trc ht l lin kt Revit phn mm tnh ton.
Hin ti bn
n mnh khng chuyn
chuy ton b m hnh Revit sang Robot hay b
bt k phn mm
tnh ton no. n gin
n l tim
ti
tng nhiu li m k s khng bi
bit ht c. Hay din
nm l mtt mt thng tin trong qu trnh vn
v chuyn Lost in translation. B
Bn mnh vn
theo trng phi c, ci t
i quan trng ca ngh k s l phi hi
u v t ch c m
hnh tnh ton ca
a mnh. Bn phn tch nng
n
lng
ng th m hnh sai ss c mt cng chng
sao nhng bn kt cu ch cn mt millimetre, n n khng trng n kia l to. B
Bi th
bn mnh thng ch chuy
n 1 hoc 2 tng (tng chuyn v tng
ng i
in hnh) t revit sang,
chy th, sa cha cc lii c th
th ri dng ton b m hnh trn robot ho
hoc etabs.
Sau yy l duy tr 2 m hnh cng lc (revit xut bn v)) v Robot, Etabs ho
hoc Ram
Structural tnh ton. Khng cn lin h
h gia BIM Platform vii Structural Ana
Analysis na
bi v thng
ng m hnh tnh ton cng
c
t c thay i nhiu
u nh m h
hnh revit. M c thay
i th k s cng c thii gian cho php
lm vic y.
y l hin ti, cn tng
ng lai th
th ang pht trin mt s add-in
in
c th chuyn nhiu
hn l 2 tng
g nhng m cn
c
lu bi v phng kt cu vn
n cn nhi
nhiu bn bo th nh
mnh.
Nhiu ch qu m khng c
hnh, gii thiu cc bn
n m
hnh trn Robot v trn Scia
ca
a ci cng trnh m cc bn
b
thy 3D, 4D trn. My
M
ci m hnh ny cng
ng tun
theo nguyn tcc trn, xut
xu
sang 2 tng c lii ct,
c
dm sau mi bn t dng
d
phn cn li, thcc ra th cng
c
ch copy story thi ch ch
c
g l gh gm c, n
n ni
n
phi ph thc htt cho anh
Revit. Sau y li ng khng
ngon.

94

www.huytraining.com

Phn tip l trin

n khai thp 3D bng Revit.
Nh ni qua post trn, cng ty ch
ch lm 3D reinforcement cho nh
nhng cng trnh c
bit, chi tit kh v hnh hc,
h
hoc cc n b tng - bton hocc btong
btong-thp... m cng
khng phi bng revit na
a m trn Tekla. Cn li
l l trin
n khai 2D thp trn autocad vi
cc add-in nh Adfer hocc structural detailing. Thc
Th ra cng ch c thp sn l ch
ch yu,
ct vi dm th xut thng
ng bn
b v t phn mm tnh ton.
95

www.huytraining.com

V mt k thut trin
n khai th thng
th
xut mt bn v th (RCD view template) bao g
gm
mt bng, mt vi mt ctt khng kch thc,
th c, khng hatchure ni chung ch
ch c phn kt
cu th cc ha vin v
thp ln (m khng cn lm khung ktt ccu). Sau y nu bn
v kt cu "thay i nhiu"
u" th mi
m thay i bn v thp. Cn ch l cc thay i nh th
thi cng trng h t iu
u chnh.
ch
Cch y 3 nm cng ty c lm mt
m ci benchmark so snh cc ph
phn mm trin khai
thp 3D. Kt qu l anh Tekla ng

nht. Cc bn c th thyy thng qua ci hnh d

di
y, ni chung v cc tiu ch th Tekla bao ht
h cc bn
n khc, ni chung l hn h
hn. V
nh tng th l bn
n Allplan, revit structure th cc bn
b t nh gi. M
Mnh khng bit l cc
bn sale ca
a Tekla c lm cc kiu
ki u benchmark ny khng nhng ch
ch cng ty mnh trc
khi mua mt sn phm
m thng
th c cc bn ngi lm chuyn ny.

Nhc lii l cch y 3 nm nh (2013), t

t version 2016 th Revit cci tin rt nhiu phn
Rebar detailing. c bitt l t
t lc mua li b Advance ca
a Graitec nn c thm b
b
Powerpack for Revit, phn
n Rebar cng
c
c ci thin nhiu.
u. Ni chung tng lai chc
Autodesk quyt tm u
u t vo khon
kho
sn xutt (fabrication) cho Revit. M nh th
th th
ngi dng s c li bii v c nhiu
nhi la chn.
cc xong ci ny th cc bn
b
c th thm l do thay ii quan i
im BIM l Revit.
Khng, lm BIM cn
n cc bn
b chuyn ngnh, t chuyn ngnh m ln, ch
ch v khng th
hon ton khng .
Vy l t xm thm cc mt
m phn na, nhn ci hnh phn mm
m th cn 4 m
mng na,
phn
n 3D san, IFC viewer, BIM Field, v phn
ph n software cho 6D, i cn nhi
nhiu qu

96

www.huytraining.com

Hello anh,
Em theo di v c tt c bi vit ca anh trn y. Em mun ni l cm n anh rt nhiu v
nhng kin thc anh chia s, tht s rt rt l hu ch cho em v cng cho nhng anh em no
ang c cng mt nim am m.
Em c mt cu hi mun trao i vi anh. l cng vic phn tch nng lng cho ta nh.
Theo nhng ti liu em c c th vic phn tch nng lng ny gi l BIM 7D, tt l cc
element t LOD 350-400. Nhng em coi workflow ca Autodesk a ra th nn phn tch ngay
t khi lm concept c m hnh tt nht cho vic gim thiu ti a nng lng sau ny, tc l
dng li mc LOD 200-300. Vy anh c th gii thch cho em hiu hn v trng hp ny
khng?
Thanks anh.
Chc anh tun lm vic vui v v hiu qu!

@davidlun: Bn quan tm ng vn nhng vn l mnh khng gip c

ti v
mnh khng phi l k s nng lng. Di y mnh ch tr li bn trn tin thn "bit
phi hp" ch khng phi l "bit lm". Nu bn thy cu tr li khng tha ng, bn
ni mnh mnh i hi cc bn "bit lm" khc.
V thut ng xD th bn Anh n cng ang ci nhau, nn a ci Facility Management
thnh 6D hay 7D, ci phn tch nng lng c c xem l xD hay khng hay ch gi l
phn tch (BIM for analysis) nh cc bn phn tch khc nh kt cu chng hn. Bn Anh
m, n c nhn ngi ta lm th no, sau y lm ngc li
Nn 6D, 7D tnh sau.
V phn tch nng lng th cng nh cc phn tch khc, h khng i n Level 350400 ri mi phn tch m cng tnh ton chn level 200-300, phn ln l sm hn. Ty
giai on no, h c g trong tay m thc hin cc phn tch tng ng.
V d trong giai on thit k tng (Concept design?), h ch cn hnh khi ca ta
nh, iu kin thi tit l phn tch c nh sng, d bo c lng in, lng nhit
tiu th... Ci ny gi l m phng (simulation), gip h thay i hnh khi, hng ca ta
nh... ti u ha nng lng. Thit k l mt chui cc php th m li.

97

www.huytraining.com

Sau y cng v sau ca

a thit
thi k (Stage 3-4), mt khi c s liu
u
u vo c th hn th
nhim v chnh v kim ti
n nhiu nht ca k s nhit - nng lng
ng l thi
thit k h thng
HVAC nh dng my sii no, phn phi
ph ra sao, vt liu cch nhi
t g, ch no bt my
ng kt cu phi ct kt cu
u ra
t b phn cch nhitt (thermal break)... Cc ng nhi
nhit
by gi lm cc ng kt cu
u nhc
nh u pht y
Kt qu ca h l ra n
n Level 350 hay 400 nh bn
b cp n.

98

www.huytraining.com

anh Tal cho em (sv)hi : phn

n dynamo c
c autodesk cho vo revit th sao h
h a. em thy n kh
l kh hc ..khng bitt dynamo dc a vo revit cho h
h tr nh th no .anh c th
th ni r hn ko
..ng dng caa n, VD cng tt
t : ... tks anh chia s

@hunglehuu : bn chu
u kh vo y tham kho
kh
n http://dynamobi
http://dynamobim.com/learn/
Dynamo l phn mm m khng ch
ch dnh ring cho Revit. Ci ct li caa n l i su
n tn gc
r ca i tng trong phn
n mm
m
. Theo kinh nghim caa mnh th b
bn nn rnh Revit hay
phn mm no trcc khi hc
h Dynamo th n d hiu hn.

@hunglehuu : Mnh ngh cu tr

tr li ca bn davidlun l . Dii y m
mnh ch tm tt li
mt to.
Dynamo l lp trnh bng
ng hnh nh
nh (graphical programming) cho BIM.
Lp trnh l ti v bn cng
ng phi
ph c gii thut (algorithm) ra lnh
nh (procedure) cho my tn
tnh
x l cc d liu u
u vo (input) lm sao
c c u
u ra (output) nh b
bn mong
mun.
Bng hnh nh ti v bn
n khng vit
vi code nh Pascal , C+, hay C#... n
na m bn ch ra
lnh cho my tnh bng
ng hnh nh (visual programming).
Cho BIM l ti v i tng
ng ch
ch yu ca Dynamo l x l Hnh hcc v d
d liu, kt ni cc
phn mm
m trong quy trnh BIM. Bn
B mnh ang pht trin mtt ci add
add-in sa i m
hnh phn tch (analytical model) trong Revit chuyn
n sang Robot cho hi
hiu qu v ang
c cc tn hiu kh quan.

99

www.huytraining.com

ng dng th c nhiu tuy nhin c th chia lm 3 mng chnh l (1) dng cc hnh hc
phc tp (complex 3D geometry), (2) x l d liu trong revit nh xut s lng hoc kt
ni vi cc phn mm bn ngoi, (3) ty bin v t ng ha revit bin revit cng
nhc hn nht l cc ng tc lp i lp li nh to views hay sheets.
Lang thang mt cht nhn ni chuyn Dynamo th cc kiu tool nh Dynamo sp ti s c
nhiu.
T thu ban u lu luyn Cad-BIM, BIM-Cad th cc BIM platform nh Revit, Archicad
mc ch pht trin chnh vn l hnh hc, nm na l pht trin 3D thay 2D ca CAD.
Sau y, dn dn ngi ta ngh n chuyn thm d liu (data) vo m hnh. Tuy nhin,
ngay n tn by gi, cc BIM platform vn cn nhiu hn ch trong vic to m hnh
hnh hc ln vn qun l d liu (data management). Nn vic xut hin cc add-in i
theo l khng th trnh khi v nh nm sau ma lun. V d cc bn ln
apps.autodesk.com th thy c man no l app, y ch mi cho revit nh. Phong tro to
add-in cho BIM platform cn bng n hn cc app cho smartphone . Tuy nhin, vit
add-in ny, bn phi bit cc ngn ng lp trnh nh C+, C#, Python.
Bn cnh phong tro add-in truyn thng th hin tai c hai hng ph bin pht trin
cc phn mm b sung cho BIM platform.
Mt l cc phn mm trch d liu t mt m hnh c th, a n ln cloud v qun l
trn nh l dRofus, CodeBook m mnh gii thiu trn.
Ci th hai l loi khng cn phi ln Codeguru lm g, l cc th loi nh
Grasshopper, Dynamo: chi vi d liu. Mnh dng ch chi c khi hi qu nhng thc
s l bn cm gic nh ang s vo tng vi mch ca my tnh, bc ch ny, b ch kia,
bn cm gic nh ang sng trong th gii s, nh trong phim Matrix, hay nh Tom
Cruise trong Miority Report vy.
N trc quan, sinh ng, bn khng c gii hn, mi th c th chi c, ty bin
c Bn nh thot ra c ci n iu cng nhc ca Revit vi th loi lp trnh bng
hnh nh ny.

100

www.huytraining.com

Trcc khi c Dynamo th c anh chng

ch
Grasshopper (www.grasshopper3d.com
www.grasshopper3d.com) rt ni
ting dng to
o cc hnh hc
h phc tp trong Rhino. nh cao ca
a ss dng Grasshopper
c l l Jon Mirtschin (http://geometrygym.blogspot.co.uk/
http://geometrygym.blogspot.co.uk/),
), Jon vva l k s xy dng
va l k s tin hc. nh
nh dng Grasshopper
to ra cc th rtt l hay ho, cc b
bn c
th vo blog ca nh theo di.
Nu Grasshopper ch giii hn
h
vic dng hnh th Dynamo vtt ln m
mt bc l chi
c vi cc d liu
u (data) ca
c m hnh. Bi th, tng lai ca
a Dynamo v cc ph
phn mm
kiu ny l khng c giii hn.
h
Cc phn mm kiu ny l ti v va
a c m
mt bn ra i gi
l flux (https://flux.io/) cng
ng thuc
thu th loi ny.
Voilu, voil, qu kh v tng lai.
Bn c th tm nhiu
u v d
d trn youtube v Dynamo,
hc th trang
http://dynamobim.com/learn/ m bn davidlun a l .. Dynamo theo mnh l ttng i
d hc cho k s v kin
n trc s ti
t v ch phi nh code g m ch
ch yu l tng tc vi
cc object.
Tuy nhin, trc khi hcc dynamo, bn
b
nn hc revit v cc ph
n mm lin kt xung
quanh, n gin l bn
n mun
mu
iu khin ci g th trc ht phii bi
bit n hot ng th
no . Nh mnh vit trn, Dynamo rt
r t c tng lai nn c nhn m
mnh khuyn bn
chm ch hc Dynamo.
101

www.huytraining.com

18. BIM Standard - Tiu chun BIM

Tr li chuyn b ti liu
u m cc cng ty cn
c chun b tham gia vo quy ttrnh BIM, cc
anh chng sau c cp :

Ngn ng giao tip

p chung cho BIM x hi
h - CIC BIM Protocol
bi ca ch u
u t Emplyers Information Requirement (EIR)
p n ca t vn BIM Project Execution Plan (BEP)
nh gi v t nh
h gi nng lc BIM BIM Capacity Assessment

Thng thng y cng ch l cc ti liu chung cng ty ca bn

n giao ti
tip c vi cc
cng ty khc trong quy trnh BIM x hi
h (social BIM) . Nn myy ci
y thc ra vn l
o qun son phn, b mt
t phn
ph quan trng vn phi l ni lc kh nng lm BIM hay
kh nng sn xutt thng tin - bn trong cng ty ca bn. Kiu
u nh b
bn phi chun b
sc khe, tp v hocc t ra cng
c
c ty th dc trc khi ra gi.

*ghi ch l cc on
n sau tuy l chung nhng vn
v mang hi h
ng dng cho Revit, l
platform m mnh ang dng. Vi
V li, n cng mang tnh trin
n khai BIM, ci ny ph
ph thuc
cng ty, quy m v tnh cht
ch hot ng nn khc nhau nhiu,
u, mnh vi
vit da trn kinh
nghim bn thn, cc bn
n dng c
g th dng.
Ni lc BIM ca cng tyy thng
th
c th hin qua:

Tiu chun BIM ca

a cng ty BIM Standard
Kh nng s dng
ng BIM platform m c
c th l th hin qua
o Template chung (template multi-discipline)
multi
cho cc b mn cca cng ty
o Cc hng dn s
dng template (BIM Guidance)
Cc ng dng BIM
IM m cng ty lm c
(BIM Uses)
Con ngi v nhiu
u iu
i khc na

Hm nay ni mt cht v BIM Standard, Template, Guidance

mong kt thc phn
Protocols.

102

www.huytraining.com

Cu chuyn bt u mt cng ty n, mi ngi t nhiu nghe ni v k nguyn cng

ngh s, v BIM, v Revit
V BIM th c mt s bn c thng vit tho cc tiu chun ca BIM UK Level 2, bit th
no l BIM Protocol, Pass 1192, CDE, EIR, BEP, AIM, PIM khng nhng bit m cn
thuc lu lu tng c-ti-c lun. Tm gi l BIM Manager.
V Revit th mui, du g th n cng l mt phn mm ra i t nhng nm 97, nn trong
cng ty cng c nhiu bn t m s dng. Ok, mt s bn ra trung tm, hoc hc Revit
trn youtube, mt s bn hc trn Lynda, mt s bn t my m lo trng phi
ring, vn cn c bn v Revit nh v cad, khng thch dng object m thch dng line,
dng hatchure, khng thch dng tag m thch dng text... Nhng khng sao, quan trng
l cc bn mun tham gia cuc chi, o to li l c .
Cc bn thng tho quy trnh mi l m ln hi chef:
- Chef i, mnh lm g ? Mnh theo phong tro chung hay ta gi ci ta c?
- Th trnh qun ta th no? chef hi li.
- D cng c. Cng gii .
- c l c th no? gii th no? c gii nh cc bn Hochtief ViCon, hay Skanska
hay BAM hay HOK hay a b c c th bt thin h theo mnh khng?
- D, nu mnh gi nguyn th ci mnh c ch thua h c t xu h, c gang tay k t l
rn.
- Thi, ch lm n nng cao ln cho ti nh, di ti tm, rm rp v m thp lm.
- D. nhng nh th th mt nhiu thi gian, tin bc v nhn s lm chef.
- Ch nu c th xem sao. Di dng b m i.
- OK, em trnh by cho chef d hnh dung.
BIM Vision
Trc ht chef phi chun b mt ci tm nhn v BIM, hay leng keng hn l BIM Vision, l
ci chef tng tng tng lai, xa th kh nhng gn th phi th no. V d nh:

Cng ty t chun BIM Level 2, UK hay VietN_K

99.8% cc cng trnh mnh lm u p dng BIM, khng ch 3D m 4D, 5D, 6D,
xD cho khch hng h lc mt lun anh.
Thit k khng cn giy vn phng khng cn rc
100% nhn vin ca cng ty phi bit BIM l g v mnh ang lm g, d nhin
khng cn bin h thnh BIM guru m ch cn BIM dummies thi, ch khng bn
bo mnh ch lm cnh, trang tr. Ni chung mnh phi hp tc vi nhau anh.
Bla blab bla

103

www.huytraining.com

- Sau yy ty tnh hnh chef mun

mu ln sao ha hay mtt trng m em tr
trnh by tip?
- i chi xa dzy em. Ra u
u ng
ng c ri.
- Ok, vy tip theo em chu
n b mtt ci BIM Standard cho anh em h
h dng.
BIM Standard - Tiu chun
chu
BIM
Chef i, cc b mn hin t
i h lm ty hng lm, mi ng lm m
t kiu, em son ci
ti liu gip h lm vicc chung vi
v i nhau nghe chef. M cc ng kk thut ng cng u
lm, ng ngh ng giii ton l ha bit
bi cht k thutt nn l supb man, bi th em vit
xong, chef phi gi my ng
ng li
l v yu cu thc hin ri em giii thch thm ch
ch mnh em
l em thua.
BIM Standad l ci nn
n hay l mt
m ci khung chun (Framwork)
bo m cc b mn
lm vic c vii nhau. T
T ci vic to to l cng dng chung m
t mi trng trao i
thng tin CDE, n nhng
ng vic
vi nho nho nh tt tn file, tn view, tn
i tng, cch t
chc th mcc trn my tnh. Hay cch phn chia cng vic
vi c (workset), ssn xut bn v,
n cch giao tip
p m hnh (linking, coordination)
Ni chung em gii chef ci mc
m lc chef c keyword rii chef cho ki
kin em trin khai
chi tit.

104

www.huytraining.com

105

www.huytraining.com

106

www.huytraining.com

M iu quan trng chef ni vi cc b mn k thut l, ci Standard khng nhng gip

ni b hot ng trn tru hn m quan trng l khi cn ni ra ngoi l ni c lun. Tc
l khng phi em ngh ra ci tiu chun ring ny cng ty i c nhc m n tun theo
cc tiu chun BIM hin ti. Nu sau ny ng k thut ng chuyn cng ty th bn h
cng th thi:

AEC UK CAD & BIM Standards cho Revit, ArchiCad, Vectorworks

https://aecuk.wordpress.com/
National BIM Standard ca Mo, https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/
Hong Kong BIM Standard, http://www.hkibim.org/?p=1937
Singapore BIM Guide, https://www.bca.gov.sg/bim/bimlinks.html

Ok, vy l cng ty c ci khung m lm vic chung. Nhng cn phn quan trng nht
l sn xut thng tin na chef. Em s lm vic vi cc sup man k thut chun b mt
ci template cng dng ch by gi xut thng tin lm cm lm, mi ng cng mi
kiu, khi tha khi thiu cha ng nht.
M thi, chef cn lm vic, khi khc em li trnh by tip

107

www.huytraining.com

19. Revit Template

Nh ni bi u ca
a serie bi vit
vi ny, mnh ch mun mang
n cho cc bn tr mt
ci nhn c th hn v BIM. Hon ton khng phi
ph l cc bi vitt hand
hand-on, tutorial, dt tay
ch vic nn mnh khng i qu nhiu
nhi vo chi tit.
Trn tinh thn nh th,, ng nh
nh mnh khng vit v phn
n Revit Template ny tti v
lm template th xin mii cc bn
b ra trung tm hoc ln youtube . Tuy nhin, m hnh
v d liu l trung tm ca
a BIM, ri
r Revit l platform lm BIM, rri th Template c
xem nh im khi u cho Revit, d
d nhin l nu cc bn mun
n dng n m
mt cch cht
lng v hiu qu.. Nn Template l quan trng,
tr
nn mnh do
o qua Tempate m
mt to, mt
to thi ti v chi tit th m
i ra trung tm.

Template l g?
Revit Template l mtt ci file cha
ch
cc ci tt chung (general settings), views, families
ca cng ty, thng k khii lng
l
(schedules), mu xut bn v (sheets) v m
mt vi phn
t hnh hc. Nm na l nu
u cc bn
b dng Cad m theo nh chun
n sn ca cng ty th ci
Revit Template ny cng v
y.
Thng th ty vo tnh ch
t ca d n v d nh chung c hay nh dn, cng tr
trnh cng
nghip
p hay trung tm thng mi
m m s c template khc nhau.
Ti sao li phii dng Template?
Templ
V mt logic th phi vitt nhng m ch
ch Tiu chun l tr lii
c ri. Template bo
m cc bn
n trong cng ty sn
s xut thng tin theo mt kiu. y ang ni chuy
chuyn sn
108

www.huytraining.com

xut, khng phi chuyn R&D (nghin cu v pht trin), nn khi bn vo cng ty, xin
mi tun theo tiu chun, lm ra la lun phi mt thi gian tm ti m nhiu khi li
ch ging ai.
Bi th, nu bn hoc cng ty bn dng revit m cha c template ring ca mnh th nn
chun b mt ci, ngay v lun.
Th no l mt Template tt (good template)?
Trong qu trnh BIM, Template thng phi hng n 2 iu:
1. tt cng ty lm c cc m hnh c ch (intend model), v d nu cng ty
mun hng n lm 2D-3D-4D-5D trong mt m hnh th template y phi:
o Xut c bn v 2D hon thin ng tiu chun, p v r rng.
o cng c (filter, families) cho cc bn th hin phng n thi cng.
o Xut c bn v v khi lng theo yu cu u vo ca phn mm d ton
ca cng ty.
2. Giao tip, phi hp c vi cc m hnh khc trong quy trnh BIM ca d n.
Template cho ni b th d nhin bn BIM Manager phi ngi li vi cc bn lm k s v
BIM Modeler ca cc b mn lm c ci chung cho cc bn. Tuy nhin kinh
nghim cho thy l lm mt ci Template chung cho cc b mn (template multidiscipline) l rt kh kh thi ti v nhu cu mi ng mi khc nn ch cc m hnh cng
khc nhau. Nn ban u, khng nn qu tham vng m ch u tin ng no trc, mi b
mn mt template cng c.
Thng d ton (costing) l u tin hng u cho cc cng ty xy dng, nn ci template
hng n vic th hin cc bn v v xut khi lng cho cc bn lm d ton. Kt cu,
MEP v thi cng th n sau.
Chung chung qu ha, c th th nu ch lm kt cu th cc bn ng b qua bi ging
ca Graham STEWART di y, ng ny l mt trong nhng cy a cy trin khai
Revit Structure. Mnh c vit g th cng ch l to li ci bnh xe thi (reinvent the
wheel) . C 2 im chnh ca Template l Project Browser v View cc bn nh c k.

109

www.huytraining.com

110

www.huytraining.com

GRAHAM STEWART - SE2583: No Need for Fancy Titles: Autodesk Revit Structure
Structure
Management, Templates, and Standards
http://au.autodesk.com/au--online/cla...ards#chapter=0
Hand-out, http://aucache.autodesk.com/au2012/s...0Standards.pdf
File template m da
a trn cc bn
b c th pht trin template ca
a mnh
http://aucache.autodesk.com/au2012/s...20Template.zip
Ci template ny t nhng
ng nm 2012 nn cch tt tn (naming convention) cha theo
BIM Level 2 by gi nhng l im
i
khi u tt cho cc bn mii h
hc. Mnh ngh cc bn
nn hc ci ny trcc khi hc
h revit.
ni b giao tip vii bn ngoi thng
th
qua (1) ta gc ca
a m hnh (2) cc t tn
bn v (numbering system) v (3) cch t
tn family ca
a m hnh, tr
tr li ip khc thit
k da trn i tng - Object based design.
111

www.huytraining.com

112

www.huytraining.com

Uniclass hay Omniclass

Ci (1) th d ri, tt c cc m hnh phi

ph m hnh vi mt im g
c ta duy nht. Ci
(2) v (3) lin quan n
n quy c
tt tn, naming convention, ci ny
c nu nhiu
ln
n trong BIM Protocol, hay BIM Standard trn.
Nhc li mt cht l nu
u cc bn
b quay li trn cao cao mcc cc tiu chu
chun ca BIM UK
Level 2, th ti liu s 8 H
thng phn loi Uniclass2015 cp
p
n cch t tn phn
loi ca ngnh xy dng
ng Anh. Ci Uniclass ny khng ch
ch lin quan
n cc Object nho
nh trong m hnh revit c
a bn m cn lin quan rng ln
n hn nhi
nhiu, n c ngnh xy
dng theo ngha rng
g lun, ci g cng
c
c t tn v phn loi.
i. Cc b
bn c th tham
kho thm y:
https://toolkit.thenbs.com/articles/...ficationtables
Cn con hn mt to v cch to
t family, t tn cho cc family ca
ab
bn th c ci bnh xe
ny cc bn theo.

Bimstore bible Revit Family creation standards

https://storage.googleapis.com/bimst...
https://storage.googleapis.com/bimst...-published.pdf
Nhng ti liu
u ny tuy nho nh
nh nhng gip cc bn khi u mtt cch "s
"sch s" Revit.
Nu bn ch lm BIM c n (Lonely BIM) th
th cng nn tham kho.
OK, xem nh cc bn
n c c
ci template nh ca mnh . Ph
Phn tip theo l phi c
cc hng dn s dng
ng template v hng
h
dn s dng sn
n xu
xut ra cc m hnh c
ch , dng c cho cc ng
dng khc ca BIM....
113

www.huytraining.com

Nguyn vn bi vietanhvcg
Em cho anh tal,
Hin ti th em thy cc file revit u t tn theo kiu truyn thng ging ci file Structure
Template anh post ln. Liu p dng Uniclass vo th s khc v c li th hn g h anh, v cch
p dng na. Ch em c trn toolkit thy n l thuyt qu. Anh c th chia s thm v ci ny
c khng .

@vietanhvcg: nu bn ch lm template cho bn th ng l khng cn quan tm n

phn loi lm g . Bn c th t tn family1, family2, familyn... v bn nh n l ci g.
D nhin l bn phi dng hng ngy v t i du lch .
Cn nu bn mun mt ai t trn tri ri xung hiu ngay lp tc template ca bn
dng, hoc mt ai cng lm template vi bn th bn nn c mt h thng phn loi.
Ni b ca bn nh hin ti cng c, nhng tt hn theo mnh l bn nn dng lun
cc h thng phn loi c sn. iu ny gip bn "kt ni ngay" vi bn ngoi d dng
hn. V d bn thay cng ty, bn y h dng Uniclass l bn chin c lun, hoc bn
tuyn nhn vin mi, cng ty bn dng Uniclass l nhn vin mi chin c lun . Ci
phn loi ny ch c g l cao siu v b mt quc phng c, nn c t t chun ha theo
quc gia l c.
Khng ch nc Anh m gn nh nc no cng c h thng phn loi ny. V d M th
dng OmniClass, MasterFormat, Uniformat. c th c VBO, B, Thy in th c CI/Sfb...
M c bn no bit qu ta phn loi theo tiu chun no khng?
Thc ra vic g kh c phn mm
cho m hnh ca bn:

. Bn c th dng ci add-in ny thm uniclass

http://www.biminteroperabilitytools....ger/index.html

114

www.huytraining.com

Hay qu anh Tal i ^^

C m em thyy ci template quen thuc
thu lm, hi trcc em c c h
hi lm d n ca Buro
Happold bn HK, xi template ca
c BH lm. Template hao hao ging
ng tempalte anh gi
gii thiu,
khng bit bn no mii l chnh ch
ch
.
Cm n anh v chc anh tun
n mi
m vui v

@davidlun: bn tng
ng dng template ca
c BuroHappold vyy m khng chia ss trn ht
tri g cho ai ht . Graham STEWART trc
tr khi v Ramboll
amboll th lm cho BuroHappold
nn template ging
ng nhau ch
ch c g l l .
y, BuroHappold y
. Thc
Th ra mnh bo l khng nn ch to li ci bnh xe m
lm g, cc bn tr, tuyt
i ng copy v dng i chang m da
a vo
y pht trin ci
bnh xe cho mnh l n.
n. Ci ny hoa he th gi
g l "ng
ng trn vai ng
ngi khc", lm c
th tt.
Ngoi l mt to th cc vn
n phng
ph
t vn hay cc cng ty thng
ng xuyn tham kh
kho v
hc hi nhau m. Chuyn
n nh
nh l bn mnh cng c nhiu
u template cca cc cng ty khc
v cc cng ty khc cng
ng c template ca
c bn mnh. Chuyn
n to hn l h
hc nhau s dng
115

www.huytraining.com

cc ng dng ca
a BIM. Ni chung l cng
c
gip nhau pht trin
n nn th
thnh thong cc bn
thy n ging
ng nhau l chuyn
chuy thng ngy huyn.

116

www.huytraining.com

Nguyn vn bi davidlun
Nhng ngt ni l cng bn ra phng n lm sao phi hp vi phng u thu ra
model trong revit trong khong thi gian 7-10 ngy.
em l cost model. Trong giai on thit k c s, ch x qung cho bn cad s pht v bt nh
thu ra khi lng trong khong thi gian . Em ang c tng l to ra shared parameter cho
element no c dng cho giai on ny, parameter ny s ly t phng u thu, mun nhn
h s bao nhiu cho an ton, blah blah....Nu anh tng i qua giai on ny th c th chia
s vi em khng?

@davidlun: Mnh ngh cc bn ang nh gi qu cao m hnh, m li l m hnh revit.

Thng nhng d n phi bo gi khn cp th ny th cng ty c 2 cch x l.
Mt l em xin li nhng em khng tham gia, bo ch x l em khng thi gian hoc
khng d liu bo gi nn gi em s khng chnh xc. Nn hoc em bo gi qu
cao lm anh c n tng khng tt l em lun lun t nn ln sau anh khng lm vi em
na. Hoc l em bo gi thp ri em l.
Cch th 2 l phi la ng lm gi no nhiu kinh nghim nht, ch cn nghe nhc hiu l
bit chng trnh. gip ng ny bc thuc th cng ty phi c mt ci c s d liu cc
cng trnh mnh lm hoc i tc lm ln. Nm na l c mi cng trnh lm xong, phi
a n vo "th vin tham kho", ci ny ging m hnh hon cng ca cng trnh vy, c
khi lng, gi tng l, mua ca ai... ni chung l rt chi tit.
By gi ng lm gi ng truy cp vo, chn mt s cng trnh ging ging v gn ni ci
mnh ang u thu c ratio gi, c lng din tch sn, kh ca kt cu, yu cu
ca hon thin... ri ng phn gi. Cch ny gi l lm gi theo ratio, d nhin cc ng
k s d ton trc khi a cho chef cng phi km theo cu "tng i chnh xc 35%
thi nghe chef, chef dng th no l chuyn ca chef".
Ni chung lm m hnh ch c li khi m hnh c dng i dng li, sa i sa li nhiu
ch cn lm c khi lng mt ln l thi th khng nhanh bng o trn pdf ri nh
gi bng ratio.
Mnh ngh cng ty bn cng c mt ci th vin th ny. Hi xa cha c BIM th phi
cn hai ba ng ngi ct nhp tng cng trnh mt, by gi c BIM ri th chuyn h s
hon cng t BIM sang chc s nhanh hn.

117

www.huytraining.com

Nhn chuyn bn davidlun ni chuyn c quan c anh bn lm Template xong ri ra i

khng li th tm bit g ht lm c phng khng bit u m ln. Mnh xin php quay
tr li chuyn Template, guidebook kt thc phn protocol.
Ok, li k tip chuyn anh BIM Manger hm n. Sau khi lm xong ci (1) BIM Vision
bit tng lai m cua bt c u v (2) ci nm Revit Template tin hnh ngh, th
h hng l dp ln vn phng gp chef.
- Chef, em lm xong hai ci ti liu khi u ri , chef thy th no?
- Anh cha c nhng m sao nhanh vy? Hm trc cu bo vi t l mt nhiu thi
gian v tn tin lm m?
- D, ti em thch ci ny nn em lm vic hiu qu hn chef. Nhng ng cn di
lm chef.
- Vy , vy m t tng cu la tnh t. Th tip theo th no?
- D, tip theo em phi chun b cc ti liu hng dn s dng BIM chef.
- BIM m cng phi c hng dn s dng ? T thy ai cng bn v BIM nn tng ai
cng bit ht ri.
- D, ti chef tng b thi, ch nh chef thy ci template khng m ng g ng tn
n hn 65 trang gii thch. ng ny chef mun em lm hng dn cho c BIM 12
mn.
- Th c cn phi vit ra khng hay ch tng tng trong u l c?
- D, em th c nhng ht ci v BIM ny l em thi vic ch chef nn chef cn phi
c ti liu hng dn cho cc bn mi vo.
- Cm n cu ngh n tng lai ca cng ty. Vy cu c tin hnh i (v ngh trong
u cu ny c, lm vic c trch nhim v khng giu ngh, mnh phi tng lng cho
n mi c ).
Vy l anh BIM Manager bt u chun b cc guidebook cho vic lm BIM cng ty. D
nhin l ty tnh cht ca cng ty m s u tin mn g ca BIM v hin nhin l hng
dn i km. Ci quan trng ca cc hng dn l Tnh ng b. Nm na l bn mun
cc b mn phi hp vi nhau thng qua cc m hnh (hnh hc v d liu) th cc hng
dn ca bn phi lm sao ngi dng xy dng c cc m hnh c ch ph hp
cho cc bn da trn Template xy dng.
V d ci hnh di y l u tin trin khai BIM ca Skanska, mt cng ty xy dng i
u trong vic ng dng BIM. Cc bn thy nhng ci hnh nho nh rt nhiu ln v n
kh ph bin, c bit l trong ci mu nh gi nng lc BIM ca CPIC. Nhng g i
BIM ca Skanska lm http://skanska.smartpage.fi/en/bim_building_quality/, c s dng
li khc nhiu bi nhiu c nhn v cc cng ty khc, c th l mnh ngay lc ny.

118

www.huytraining.com

Mnh cng ni lun l vicc son

so tho cc guidebook ny phii c ss tham gia gia nhiu
ngi,
i, cc taskgroup trong cng
cn ty. Kt hp c c cc thi quen cca cng ty bn v
cng ng
ng qun cc tiu chun
chu chung ca ngi khc. Thng
ng ng BIM Management ch
ch
ng gia, t vn v quy trnh v cng ngh,
ngh cn hand-on l t cc ng kk thut ht. Ti
v mc ch ca
a cc guidebook l cho cc ng th phng k thu
thut ch khng phi cc
ng lm l thuyt phng BIM .
V vic chun b n kh tn
n nhiu
nhi thi gian, dng m khng lo, vi
c g kh c phn mm.
Ch cn bm
m nt l ra, y l danh sch bm
b
nt v c sn ch mnh . Phn ln cc ng
dng ca BIM mnh giii thiu
thi vi cc bn trn tinh thn bitt
phi hp. Phn cn
li l cc bn tr phii xung phong
chun b kin thcc cho mnh. Khng th
th khc c.

119

www.huytraining.com

OK, vy l xong, d dng qu ha. Lan man mt

m to
o th trong cc cc cng ty k thut c
t chc ttt th khng ai khng th
th thay th. H ch cn
n Quy trnh v H
Hng dn s dng.
ng ny i, OK. Ti tuyn
n ng khc v cho 3 n
6 thng cc H
Hng v lm theo Quy
trnh l m cua bt c c.
c.
D nhin cng cn phii c ngi
ng o to cc v Quy trnh ngon. Cc b
bn chc ang lm
bm Ma,
a, vo ketcau m cng
c
li thy cu ng qu trnh.
nh. Mnh xin lli, nhng ti v
mnh cng ang vitt theo ng quy trnh
tr
.
chun b cc th hm
m b lng trn, theo ng quy trnh,
nh, mnh gi
gii thiu vi cc
bn mt vi ti liu c th tham kho
kh c cho cc bn kt cu:

Mt s hng dn s
dng CAD-BIM ca MT Hojgaard

http://mth.com/Processes/Building-In...-Modeling.aspx, cc bn
http://mth.com/Processes/Building
n
ng b qua phn
BIM cho kt cu http://mth.com/~/media/Files/dk/BIM/...316.ashx?la=en

BIM Guideline ca
a Anh, https://www.nationalbimlibrary.com
Common BIM Requirement ca
c Phn Lan
http://www.en.buildingsmart.kotisivu
http://www.en.buildingsmart.kotisivukone.com/3
Cc bn Singapore, https://bca.gov.sg/bim/bimlinks.html
D nhin khng th thiu
thi cc bn M c
https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/nbims
ationalbimstandard.org/nbims-us

Ok, vy l xong phn

n framework
trin khai BIM cho cng ty c
a bn. Phn cn li l
con ngi...
120

www.huytraining.com

20. Point Cloud

Xem nh tm xong phn
n Protocols, Standards, Templates rt
r t quan tr
trng nhng li
mang nng chuyn
n l thuyt.
thuy
Ni chung l - nothing worthwhile is easy khng c g
ng gi m li d c . L thuyt
thuy hi chn nn ba nay quay lii ni chuy
chuyn cng ngh
vy, nhn s s th bcc tranh cng ngh
ngh c t xm i nhiu
u rri nh, chuyn v BIM
cng dn bc sang nhng
ng chng cui

Tip tcc quy trnh t xm, hm nay s

s t phn
n Point Cloud (m my i
im, nghe khng
thun vit lm nn c point cloud nh).
nh
Ni lun l ci Point Cloud dng trong xy dng
d
cc pht tri
trin t u nhng nm
2000 nn ch c g mi c
. Tuy nhin, gn y vi s bng n c
a BIM, ci Point Cloud
cng ngy cng cc khai thc nhiu
nhi v tr thnh mt phn
n trong chu
chui cng ngh ca
BIM.
Point cloud l tp hp
p cc im
i
(x,y,z) trong khng gian c to
ob
bi my Scan 3D, da
trn mt im gc cc xc nh

trc. Ngoi cc im ta (x,y,z), n

ni dung mt file
Point Cloud cn c nhiu
u th
th nhng k s xy dng chc ch cn bi
t thm:

Mt im
m point/mm
chnh xc 1 point/ mm
Mu sc Red-Green-Blue
Blue
Hnh nh di dng
ng vector

Bn no hc xy dng chcc cng

c
hc qua mn trc a m thc tp
p l m m
my ci my o
c ngm qua ngm li o cao v khong cch (l thnh ph
n ca 1 im). Hi xa
i hc th gi thc tp
p trc
tr a l bn
n mnh ton m my tra sn tr
trng, nhn rt oai
nhng thc l ton tia gi trng sn trng,
tr
zoom n tn
n lng my hay lng mi lun . y
y, cc bn ng ngh by,
y, bn
b mnh cng ch ang thcc hnh qut i
im thi .

121

www.huytraining.com

to point cloud th cng

ng th,
th nguyn tc cng l o ta c nhng thay vv m my
ton c bn tng im m
t th dng my laser qut ton b b m
mt. My scan laser va
nhanh hn va
a c mu, trung bnh khong
kho
nm pht qut cc 3600, 1 giy chin c
khong 1 triu im, ng
ng thi
th chp mu cho im lun. Kt qu l b
bn c mt ci file b
mt ca vt th m bn scan.

My Scan Laser hot ng

ng th
th no th mnh cng khng bit. H
i k s trc a th h
cng ch bo l da
a trn nguyn tc
t o khong cch. Th o khong
ng cch b
bng laser nh
th no th h bo cu chu kh n li vt l lp 11 hay 12 g i. M
Mnh l m c li th
thy ng tht, o khong
ng cch (d) bng
b
laser v l thuyt th d
a trn phn x ca tia
laser trn b mt ca vtt th
th cn o, s dng mt trong
ng ba 3 cng ngh
ngh chnh l:
Thi gian bay dt: o thii gian i-v
i
(dt) ca chm laser tnh kho
khong cch d = c*dt/2, c
l vn tc nh sng
ng ~3.10^8 m/s
o phase: tnh khong
ng cch (d) da
d trn dch phase (dj) gia
a sng pht i v sng thu
v d = di*c/4*pi*f, f l tn
n s
s ca sng quang
phng php tam gic: my pht chm laser v my nhn
nh tt cch nhau kh
khong cch D,
khong cch t my n b
mt (d) c tnh da trn v tr ca
a chm laser
n trn my
nhn
n (p,f) d = D / (tan(a) + p/f)

Hin ti myy ci my scanner 3D ny cn rt

r l t, khong 30-40k
40k USD, hi
hin c mt s
my scanner ph bin
n nh nh l:

FARO, www.faro.com
Leica Geosystems, www.leica-geosystems.com
www.leica
122

www.huytraining.com

Trimble, www.trimble.com
Topcon, www.topcon.com
Riegl, www.riegl.com
Zoller+Frlich, http://www.zf-laser.com
http://www.zf

Cc bn
n ch l Point cloud ch
ch l tp hp cc im c mu ca
ab
b ngoi mt vt c
scan thi, n khng mang m hnh (object + data) ca
c vt th g sst. Mnh nhn mnh
iu ny ti v c mt s bn
b nhm l sau khi scan 3D, cc bn
n c lun ci m hnh 3D
nh l v trong Revit hay ArchiCad
ArchiCa vy. Khng, cn lu mi cc hay l khng bi
bit khi
no mi c. Ch lm c ci Scan 3D bn ngoi m c
c lun con Bot Ng
Ngc Trinh
chp ct lp
p th ci my 35k USD li
l l r qu .

123

www.huytraining.com

Thng thng, mtt cng trnh phi

ph c scan ti nhiu im
m khc nhau, v d bn trong
th t my qut tng
ng phng, tng
t
tng, bn ngoi th qut tng
ng m
mtTng ng vi mi
im s c 1 file point cloud. Point cloud ti
t tng im
m scan ny
c hiu chnh nhiu
nh xa cc im khng c
n thit. Sau y cc file ny s cc gom li thnh mt file
c cc Point Cloud cho ton b
b cng trnh. Nhiu
u khi cc file gom lli c cht t khng
khp nn cc bn phi hiu
u chnh,
ch
xo nu li n mt to trcc khi ss dng.
Cc bc xo nu c c
ci Point Cloud cui cng thng
ng l trch nhim ca k s
trc a, bn cung cp
p 3D Scan. H
H thng dng cc phn mm
m i km vvi my scan ca
mnh nh FARO th c SCENCE, Trimble th c RealWorks

y l s qua mt cht v
phn k thut. Th ci anh chng 3D Scan ny dng
c g
cho BIM hay xy dng? ng
ng dng
d
th c nhiu
u v cng ngy cng
c pht trin, startup cho 3D Scan ni chung v 3D Scan to BIM ni ring th bng n
n nh nm sau ma
lun. Bn tr no quan tm th c
c search keyword 3D Scan tm hi
hiu thm. Di y
mnh ch nu mt vi v d c th m cng ty ang dng.
124

www.huytraining.com

Cc bc tin hnh cho d n dng 3D Scan l:

1. Bcc 1 l Scan cng trnh hay thc
th a bng my scan 3D
to point cloud.
2. Bcc 2 l phn tch v x
x l Point cloud (xem trn)
3. Bc 3 l cc ng d
ng c th (xem di)
Th nht l cho cc d n xy mi,
m nu l d n xy chen gia
a cc cng trnh hi
hin hu
khc th vic 3D Scan lii cc ta nh xung quan ny c th
th gip b
bn lm 2 vic quan
trng:
1. Khi thit k,, chn ci cng trnh ca
c mnh vo mi trng thcc
xem th cng trnh
mnh c b chng
ng cho ln ci g khng. c bit l vii nh xy chen, ci ny kh quan
trng.
Kinh nghim l khi kho
o st l t
c nh xung quanh bng
ng my ton
c 2D, bn trc a
thng ch quan tm n
n cao trnh mt t v xem nh l cc t
ng nh xung quanh l
tuyt i thng ng.
Thc t l cc tng
ng ny nhiu
nhi khi th ra tht vo hi nhiu, nhtt l cc t
tng gch c v
c . Nn nhiu
u cng trnh khi xy tng trt th OK, ln n tng
ng 2 ttng 3 th phi p
tng nh hng xm nu
u mun
mu
gi nguyn thit k. M iu
u ny l khng kh
kh thi nn
phi dng
ng cng trnh v ch
ch thit k mi, d nhin ci g khng d bo trc u phi tr
bng tin v thii gian. C khi rt
r t.

125

www.huytraining.com

2. ng dng th 2 l lm h s hin trng.

Nm na l trc khi bn bt u thi cng, bn phi lm mt b h s hin trng ca cc
nh xung quanh. Trc khi c Scan 3D th bn phi i chp hnh, ghi ch ch ny b nt,
b rng, su Khi c 3D scan, bn cng phi chp nh nhng t hn v a ci file 3D
point cloud vo h s hin trng.
Mc ch lm g? khi thi cng, nht l cc cng trnh c tng hm su, bn va o
va phi theo di (survey) cc nh xung quanh xem n thay i th no. C ci Scan 3D
ny bn d so snh trng thi tn vi tn+1 hn, nht l vi trng thi ban u t0.
Vi li, bn cng c ci phng khi hng xm sang khiu ni ng thi cng th no lm
nh ti nt ht c, lc y bn show ci 3D Scan + nh ra tr li vng, bn em s
cn thn hn nhng nh bc cng b nt mt phn trc khi bn chu o ri .
Th hai l vi cc d n nng cp, ci to. Ci 3D Scan hin ti rt hu ch cho th loi d
n ny. cho cc bn d hiu, mnh ly mt ci v d tng bc.
o c hin trng cng trnh, trc khi c Scan 3D, thng phi cn mt quipe 4 n 5
ngi chun b h s cho hin trng cng trnh, v d:

1 ng i chp nh
1 ng i bn im hin trng
2-3 ng i o v v li kt cu, 1 ng o khng c, ngay c o khong cch vi
my laser cm tay cng cn 2 ngi.

y l cha k sau khi o xong, v vn phng bt u v li th thy l thiu ci ny,

qun ci kia li phi l m ra li cng trnh v o thm. Ni chung l vt v trm b.
Vi Scan 3D, i lm hin trng ny c th gim c 50% thi gian lm h s v 90%
thi gian i li ct nhp thng tin . em ci my Scan 3D ra, qut vi ngy l xong,
em point cloud v vn phng dng li m hnh hin trng.
Hnh di minh ha mt cng trnh c Scan ti nhiu im, sau y gp li v x l
c c 1 file tng th. Ci ny c x l vi Autodesk Recap, t tnh nng hn Scence
ca Faro nhng m min ph.

126

www.huytraining.com

Sau khi c Point Cloud hin

n trng
tr
ca cng trnh, bn c th lm nhi
nhiu th, v d nh:
Dng Point Cloud cho thitt k
k cc phng n ci to: v li hin
n tr
trng trn revit d
dng thit k. Dii y minh ha
h mt s hnh 3D Point Cloud tt ccnh 3D design cho d
hiu.

127

www.huytraining.com

V li hin trng vii Revit (hnh trn) v kim

ki m tra, so snh m hnh vvi point cloud hin
trng (hnh di).

V mt kt cu th mtt khi c v
v tr cc dm, sn, bn c th v lii
nh gi kh nng
chu lc hin ti ca
a sn. Trc
Tr 3D scan th phi i o tng dm,
m, bi ch
ch th hn.

128

www.huytraining.com

Bn phng php thi cng cng

c
vy, by gi k s lp
p phng n thi cng, nh ch ngi
vn phng v nh du
u tng
t
no cn p, p th no v theo th
th t no. D nhin l
trn 3D ri.

Tm li l ra quyt nh
nh sau khi nhn thy
th qua cc m phng, gi
lp 3D bao gi cng
chnh xc v t ri ro hn l ch
ch nhn 2D v tng tng.
ng. I see (visualization) I do
(simulation) and I decide .

129

www.huytraining.com

Lan man mt to th cc ng dng

d
cho 3D Scan ny ang c k bng n
n. Nho nh th l
cc add-in chuyn t ng
ng cc Point Cloud thnh object nh ci Scan to BIM cca
Imaginit (http://www.imaginit.com/software/ima...ts/scan
http://www.imaginit.com/software/ima...ts/scan-to-bim)

n cc phn mm
m tham vng
v ng hn nh Faro Virtusurv, 3DReshaper, Leica Cyclone R
Ri
n cc gii php ton din
n ca
c cc ng ln
n nh Autodesk, Bentley, Trimble.

130

www.huytraining.com

Ni chung l c rt rt nhi
u ci mi trong tng lai m cc bn tr
lm trong tin hc xy
dng c th tham gia
c. D nhin l theo hng lp trnh ch
ng theo hng ch
hc, dy v s dng phn
n mm
m
(nh mnh hin ti ).
V phng din
n c nhn, cc bn
b c th chi vi ci 3D Scan ny kh d
d dng m khng
cn
n cc my 3D Scan siu t
trn l:

3D Scan vii ci Xbox ca

c Microsoft,
https://www.microsoft.com/en
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/stor.../9nblggh68pmc#

131

www.huytraining.com

Mua ci my tnh c cng ngh RealSense ca Intel. By gi c rt nhiu my tnh

xch tay tch hp webcam bng cng ngh ny. Bn nn ch ci ny cho my
tnh xch tay sp ti ca mnh. http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/...overview.html

Hoc theo di ci Tango Project ca google, https://get.google.com/tango/

132

www.huytraining.com

Voilu, voil, mt cht ph thng v k thut 3D, mt cht ng dng thc t trong xy
dng v mt cht tng lai. Hy vng mua vui c mt vi trng canh. Hn gp cc bn
bi tip...

133

www.huytraining.com

21. Viewer
nh vit ci g di di nhng
ng do
d ny bn xem hnh ca
a first daughter
daughter-elect vi first ladyelect qu nn lm nt mtt vic
vi nh l kt thc phn
n Viewer trong b
bng Phn mm / Cng
ngh.
Ci ny chc cc bn
n dng nhiu
nhi
v rt l hin nhin nhng mnh
nh tranh th
th tm tt li
mt to bit u lii c ch cho cc bn
b sinh vin trong vic la
a ch
chn cc ng dng ca
mnh.

D nhn thy l nho nh th trong qu trnh BIM, ln

l n hn l trong cc ho
hot ng ca
ngnh xy dng c rtt nhiu
nhi
ti liu - d liu c to ra dii nhi
nhiu hnh dng khc
nhau. T cc bn v 2D, 3D trn CAD, Revit, Archicad, phi
ph i ccnh, lm p trn
Photoshop, 3DMAX n
n cc m hnh tnh ton trn Sap, Etabs... hay ha n t cc phn
mm k ton, thuyt minh,
nh, gii
gi trnh t office ni chung l hng ttn ti liu t nhiu
phn mm v nh dng
ng khc nhau.
Vn l cc phn mm t
o ra cc th v vnh yy ni chung l rrt t vi li phi tn
thi gian o to nu mun
n s
s dng. M thng tin to
o ra nhng cc bn tham gia khng
khai thc ht c th gim
m i nhiu
nhi phn ngha. Ghi ch l
khng ch
ch c trong qu trnh
BIM, m u cng th,, giao tip (communication) v hp
p tc (collaboration) l i
iu ti
quan trng. Nn vic ra i cc nh dng file trao ii chung m ai ccng c c l mt
iu hin nhin.
Hin ti 2 dng file dng trao i ph bin l PDF cho cc ti li
u 2D v IFC cho cc
m hnh 3D. 3D cng cc trao i
trn PDF nhng vn cn hn
n ch
ch v dnh cho cc chi
titt hay m hnh c quy m nh.
nh
Pdf viewers
Hi nhng
ng nm 1993, Adobe ngh
ngh ra nh dng pdf chcc khng ngh
ngh n c ph bin
nh hin nay. Pdf gi nguyn ni
n dung ti liu ca bn nhng cc llp vi phn mm to
134

www.huytraining.com

ra v ai cng c th cc c
min ph. Pdf by gi l nh dng
ng chung qu
quc t (ISO)
mi ngi trao i v lu tr
tr file, gn nh ci g cng chuyn
n sang pdf rri gi, ri lu tr.
Tuy nhin, Adobe gn
n nh b
b qua pht trin cc ng dng
ng xung quanh pdf cho ngnh xy
dng. Bi th, t nhng
ng nm 2000 c mt
m i tp trung pht tri
n CAD to Pdf - ng
dng pdf dng trong thi
t k m ch o l cng nghip
p xy d
dng. i ny l
Bluebeam, https://www.bluebeam.com,
https://www.bluebeam.com v cui nm 2014 th
c mt ng k l
Nemetschek mua li vii gi hn 100 triu
tri , cho cc bn
n c ci so snh th n
nm 2006,
Autodesk mua lii Robobat (l cng ty s
s hu
u ROBOT Structural Analysis vvi Autocad
Structural Detailing) vii gi ch
ch tm 35 triu . So th thyy l m
mt ci viewer cho pdf
hin nay n quan trng n
n c
c no.
Cc bn c th vo trang chnh ca
c Bluebeam bit thm chi tit,
t, mnh ch
ch nhn mnh
vi im m Bluebeam rtt hp
h cho cng tc thit k.
Th nht d nhin l to
o file pdf (pdf printer) t
t cc phn mm
m khc. Ci ny th ch
chng c
g c bit so vii Adobe Pdf Pro nhng m Bluebeam hn hn
h n l c ch
chc nng to PDF 3D
t Revit, Navisworks, SketchUp. Sau khi chuyn
chuy n sang PDF 3D, trong Bluebeam, bn c
th ghi ch, nh du
u (markup)
trao i vii khch hng. Cc ch
chc nng PDF 3D ny
hin ti trn th trng ch c vi
v Bluebeam.

Bn cnh y, cc chcc nng ghi ch (comment) ca

c a Bluebeam ccng rt y v d
dng. B comment ny gi
ng nh mt autocad thu nh hot ng
ng trn file pdf. B
Bn mnh
hay dng cc cng c ny
v s b kt cu trn nn bn v ki
n trc. Trc y thay
v v tay, ri scan pdf, rii gi i trao i th by gi v lun trn pdf, vva p m li
tit kim giy vi mc . Mnh ly
l i mt ci mt bng
ng ang lm
minh ha.
Ngoi ra cn c mt s tnh nng hay ho khc nh l bc
b khi l
ng, t chc h s bn
v (StructuresTM), so snh hai bn
b v vi nhau, to SETs
135

www.huytraining.com

IFC viewers
IFC nhn th n gin
n nhng m lin quan n mt vn kh ph
c tp ca tin hc hin
ti l Interoperability trao i
d liu gia cc ng dng.
ng. Mnh ch
ch bit ting vit dng
t tng ng l g kh nng lin tc?
tc bi v tra t in Anh-Vitt th khng th
thy.
Interoperability nm na l kh nng trao i d liu gia cc ng
ng d
dng vi nhau. V d
n gin gn nht vii dn kt
k cu l cc bn dng autocad v,, mu
mun chuyn mt bng
2D, hay 3D vo SAP th th
ng xut ra file dxf, l mt nh dng
ng file trung tnh, di
din t
bng vn bn - m ASCII
CII nn ai cng
c
c c v c t l SAP nhn
nd
dng c. Trong khi
file dwg l tp tin nh phn (binary files), ch
ch c cc phn mm to
o ra n m
mi c c.

136

www.huytraining.com

Ci interoperability ny rtt l quan trng,

tr
th nht l gip bn
phi nhp li d liu
bng tay khi chuyn d li
u t mt phn mm ny sang phn m
m khc. T ng ha
vn d l u im ca
a my tnh. Trc
Tr y vi CAD th bng
ng tay cn lm c bi v phn
ln l d liu hnh hc.
c. By gi
gi vi BIM, d liu va hnh hc va
a phi hnh h
hc, vi li s
lng d liu l rt ln
n nn bng
b
tay l no way.
V li, phng chm ca
a BIM l Mt
M ngun
n thng tin Single source of truth v M
Mt m
hnh s dng cho nhiu vi
c one model, many uses nn vicc chuy
chuyn giao d liu gia
BIM Platform v cc BIM tool khc l mt
m iu c bn
n trong quy trnh BIM. Vi
Vic ny dn
n vic ra i cc nh d
ng file trung tnh (neutral format) nh IFC ho
hoc l nh dng
vn bn
n (plain text) nh COBIE. COBIE chc
ch s c cp
p sau b
bi v n l nh dng
truy xut thng tin chnh c
a BIM UK Level 2.
OK, hi lng nhng do di
n t km cng vi vng vn
n em fist daughter
daughter-elect Ivanka
Trump nhng tm lii l, trong qu trnh BIM, c mt
m ni cc d liu
u (hnh h
hc v phi hnh
hc) c to ra bi nhiu
u ngi,
ng nhiu cng c. M ci ng d liu ny phi c lu
thng vng vng vii nhau nn phi
ph c mt nh dng
ng chung no
y trao i c,
hin tii n l IFC, tuy cha hon thin
thi lm nhng m dng c.
c. V
Vy thi.
*D nhin gia cc phn
n mm
m
gn nhau th cn hng h sa s cc
nh dng khc
trao i nhng thi, bitt nhiu
nhi lm g cho mt .

IFC vit tt ca
a Industry Foundation Class, ra i
t nm 1994 bii IAI vvi mc ch l to
ra mt nh dng
ng file trung tnh cho cc sn
s phm
m dng trong cng nghi
nghip xy dng. Bn
tr no t m th vo trang
ang http://buildingsmart.org/about/about...smart/history/ c
lch s ca
a IFC, IAI v buildingSMART.
Mc tiu ca IFC l m t c ton b thng tin cng trnh (kin
n trc, kt cu, MEP)
qua tt c cc giai on t
phn tch, thit k, thi cng n bo
o tr vvn hnh lun. Ph
ph, di hi th nhng ch di dng vn bn thi, tc l nhng
ng th
th long ngong cc
bn v v nhp trn bt c
phn mm BIM no cng u din
n n
nm c bng text ht,
qu l tham vng lun.
137

www.huytraining.com

Nhng m tham vng th nn bn

b mnh mi c ci m dng, lii ch lln nht l IFC truyn
ti kh tt thng tin gia
a cc ng dng vii nhau (interoperability). D
D nhin l nu bn c
cc d liu qu c bitt khng
khn nm trong class ca n th mi b vvn ch ch c dm
sn ctt th ngon lnh cnh o. Li ch na l bn c th khai thc cc m hnh BIM m
mt
cch d dng v min
n ph (model viewer).
Tc l nhng ngii khng chuyn nh bn thng mi,
m hocc cc chef ho
hoc cng nhn
ngoi cng trng vn
n c th
th khai thc m hnh theo nhu cu c
a mnh m khng cn
phi hcc revit hay archicad hay whatever.
Khai thc y c nhiu
u v
v d nh bn c th xem m hnh 3D, i trong m h
hnh, thc
hin cc mt ct 3D, Ho
c chn cu kin no th c tit din,
n, kh
khi lng, vt liu, cao
trnh Bn c th khai thc cc khi
kh lng c sn
n trong m hnh g
gc Ni chung l trc
quan v sinh ng,
ng, c gi tr
tr thng mi v b sung thc tin rtt nhi
nhiu cho cc bn v
2D.

138

www.huytraining.com

Hin bn mnh dng Solibri

libri Model Viewer lm IFC viewer bi
b i v n g
gn nh v nhanh. Tuy
nhin c rt nhiu
u Ifc viewer min
mi ph trn th trng m cc bn
n c th
th dng nh:

Tekla BIMsight, bn
n ny lm c
nhiu tr hn l mtt Ifc viewer v ch
chc c
dng nhiu VN. Tuy nhin c mtt tnh nng kh hay l cho php
share/synchronize m hnh ifc vi
v Dropbox, l mt giii php kh kinh tt khi cc bn
cha c mtt CDE ng ngha.
ngh
BIM Vision, http://bimvision.eu/en/free-ifc-model-viewer/
http://bimvision.eu/en/fre
XBIM, https://github.com/xBimTeam
RDF IFC viewer, http://rdf.bg/ifc-viewer.php
http://rdf.bg/ifc

Ngoi ra, d nhin l cc s

n phm ca Autodesk vn chim u th nn cc bn cng phi
trang b cc viewer ca
a anh ny nh Naviswork Freedom dng
xem cc m hnh lin
bang (federated model) to
o ra t
t Naviswork Manager hay Simulate. A360 Viewer
xem
cc th loii file trn cloud hay cc th
th v vn nh Autodesk Design Review, DWG
TrueView.

139

www.huytraining.com

Voil, tng bc tng bc tr li lm vic sau mt thii gian l l vvi bu c bn kia

bn cu. Cc bn c th th
y l cht lng cc thp, h h...

140

www.huytraining.com

22. BIM Field BIM Thc

Th
a, BIM Cng tr
ng
Ch cn 2 mc na l ktt thc phn
ph Cng ngh / Phn mm. Hy vng
ng ss kt thc ci serie
chuyn
n BIM ny trong thng 11 trc
tr khi ma n chi cui nm n.
n.
T u serie n gi phn
n ln
l
u cp n BIM cho cc bn
n cc trng
ngi vn
phng ngoi tr mcc cng ngh
ngh Tng cng thc t (Augmented Reality - AR) c cp
mt cht n thc a.
a. G th g ch
ch l xy dng th phi cc ki
kim chng trn cng
trng. Cc bn dng mtt lot
lo cc th long ngong thit k,, tto m hnh thng tin,
m phng xy dng o
o (Virtual Construction)
Constru
, p th p th
t y nhng phi lm
cch no y bo m
m c
cc th y trin khai ng trn th
c a.
y chnh l mc ch ca
a mng
m
cng ngh v phn mm
m BIM Field Bim thc a, cng
trng ny. n gin
n l BIM Field gip mang m hnh
h 3D (hnh h
hc + phi hnh hc)
ra thc a ci thin
n vic
vi thi cng, kim tra chuyn
n giao v vvn hnh (nh nhng
chnh xc, hin i hn).

Trn ci hnh cng ngh,, ci BIM Field c

nm giai on 6-Handover
Handover (nghi
(nghim thu bn giao) nhng n vn c
dng cho c 5-Construction
Construction (thi cng) v 7.Operation (v
(vn
hnh).
Ta tuyt i
Trc khi ni n
n BIM Field l g th nn nhc
nh n mt cht v i
m khi u l ta
tuyt i (absolute co-ordinate).
ordinate). Ch
Ch l nhc li ni chuyn
n thi ch
ch n d t , n
gin l nu m hnh 3D ca
a bn
b c khai bo ta y (location, site, coordinates) th
mi i tng
ng trong m hnh ca
c bn s c mt ta tuyt ii x,y,z. Ci ny ch
ch khc g
vi hin ti c tc l nu bn v vi CAD 2D th cng cn phii c m
mt vi ta nhp
vo cc my ton c, nh

v cng trnh ca bn. Ch hi khc l by gi

gi bn c mt
m hnh 3D, t kt cu
u btong hay thp hay ng

ng MEP s
vo u bn cng c
ta c th khai thc c
khi lin kt m hnh vo cc thitt b
b nh v GPS.
141

www.huytraining.com

Vyy khai thc ci m hnh ny ngoi hin

hi trng th no? S c r
t nhiu nhng hin ti
th c 4 im c th:

nh v cng trnh v cc hng

h
mc nh mng, kt cu
u hay
ng ng MEP (BIM
for Layout)
Kim tra cht lng
ng thi cng (BIM + Build)
Nghim thu v chuy
n giao (BIM for Handover)
Thm thng tin trong qu trnh vn
v hnh

BIM for Layout nh v cng trnh

D nhin vic u
u tin ra hin
hi trng l phi gi mt ng trc a
a i cng
ng nh v
cng trnh cho mnh. Trcc y v hin
hi ti vn cn l vic nh
nh v ny da trn mt vi
ta bn thit k a cho
a vo my ton c. Cc bn
n tr
trc a xc nh cc
ng tim theo trc thitt k
k ri cm mc ny n Sau yy trong qu trnh thi cng th
hoc bn thm im hocc dng thc
th tay nh v cc hng
ng m
mc Ni chung l vic
ny rt quan trng bii v sai mt
m ly l i mt dm
m nhng m lm kh th
th cng v ch
yu da trn bn v giy.

142

www.huytraining.com

Tht l ng tic nu t
n rt nhiu tin lm cc m hnh 3D nh
nhng li n cht
trong vn phng nh, ci ny
y gi
g l o su h ngn cch vn phng
ng thc a. Nn t
nhng nm 2010, c mtt s
s cc ng dng ra i khai thc cc m hnh 3D ny ngoi
thc a.
u tin phi k n
n cc bn
b
Trimble, vi vi cc giii php Trimble's Layout
Solutions" http://www.trimble.com/construction/...ntractors.aspx.
http://www.trimble.com/construction/...ntractors.aspx. C b
bn l t cc m
hnh s nh Tekla, Revit cc bn
b
trch cc im cn thitt (point layout) mun bi
nhiu im th chiu
u b nhiu - ri chuyn trc tip im (hocc v m hnh) sang cc my
ton c s dng
ng ngoi hin
hi
trng. Vy l trn cng trng,
ng, ccn u l bn y,
chnh xc n
n 2.0 mm m khng s
s b mt mc nh cch truyn th
ng.
Cc bn c th bn im
m
nh v cho kt cu, kt cu nhiu
u khi d
d bi v ch cn im
trn mt bng.
ng. Nhng m bn
b im cho h thng ng ng
ng MEP th lli ngon. n gin
l ng ng th treo l lng
ng m theo cch truyn
truy thng c phii ko th
thc o, cng nhn
143

www.huytraining.com

c phi leo thang,

hang, nghing nghing nga
ng
nga nh du,
u, m nghing ri
rit th thnh
Nguyn
n Xun Phc lun, trong thy
th thng.

Nhc li l cc bn
n Trimble trc
tr khi to ln nh by gi th khi m
mi thnh lp (1978) l
mtt cng ty chuyn cung cp
c cc dch v trc a, GIS,
S, GPS Cc b
bn khng ch bn
phn mm
m (nh Autodesk) m cn
c pht trin
n my mc nh scan 3D, my ton
c nn
cc bn rt mnh v mng
ng ny.
Nu cc bn th mcc la
l chn cc cng c v thp 3D ci bi tr
trc, c 2 tiu ch
m Tekla n t cc bn
n khc l Buildability/Virtual Construction v BIM to Site, ci
ny l nh kh nng vtt tri
tr ca Trimble trong cc giii php BIM Field. Cc b
bn c th
bn im nh v c ttt tn
t tt, t v m nh mng, kt cu,
u,
ng ng n cc th
li ti nh thp, bulong cc vt Ni chung thch g l bn
b ny.

144

www.huytraining.com

Cc bn c th xem s ci video ny https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BcIb8ZX9dM

c khi nim, sau yy c th
th tham kho thm trn site ca
a Trimble
bit thm chi
tit v BIM to Field ca
a Trimble.
y l bn Trimble, d nhin
nhi
bn Autodesk cng khng th
ng phn ny c.
Khong nm 2013, cc bn
n Autodesk mua li
l i cng ty Get The Point v
i tn sn phm
thnh Autodesk Point Layout
ayout (http://www.autodesk.com/products/point
(http://www.autodesk.com/products/point-layout/overview).
Mc ch th cng nh
trn, chuyn
chuy im trc tip t cc m hnh nh
nh Revit, Navisworks
vo cc my ton c nh v trn cng trnh.
Sau ny, Autodesk chuyn
n ht
h ln cloud vii Autodesk BIM 360, v anh chng lm chuy
chuyn
layout ny l BIM 360 Layout, cc bn
b
vo y http://bim360.autodesk.com/bim
http://bim360.autodesk.com/bim-360layout hocc xem video ny xem n hot
ho ng th no https://youtu.be/YQQ2ECJ4uVk
https://youtu.be/YQQ2ECJ4uVk.
BIM + Build - Kim
m tra cht
ch lng thi cng
Sau khi chm im rii th phi
ph thi cng. D nhin
n cng nhn trn cng tr
trng khi thi cng
cc cu kin th vn
n dng bn
b v giy 2D l ch yu. Vicc khai thc cc m hnh 3D thng
qua cc viewer nh bi tr
c ch hiu r hn cng trnh.
Tuy nhin cc bn
n gim st thi cng th li
l khc, cc bn by gi
chnh che lm. Cc
bn bi ch m i gim st l phi
ph i mang iPad hay iPhone i theo. S
S l by gi cc m
hnh 3D hay bn v 2D
u nm ht trn my (CDE) nn u ccng c c. Vi li,
cc m hnh 3D n c gn
n ta
t , ci iPad n li nhn c ta
a
nn ng gim st i
145

www.huytraining.com

u l bn v hin ra y.
y. C
C ci gc nhn 3D ti v cc bn
n ang i trong m h
hnh 3D
(walk through) n bn v
chi tit 2D. Vy l ng ch vicc xem cng nhn lm g, ch
chp
nh
nh v lm report online. Lm xong report l gi ln cloud lun cho m
mi ngi tham kho.
Tc l gim st vn ngoi hin
hi
trng nhng trong vn phng,
ng, ng kk s thi cng
ang phi vt u suy ngh phi
ph tr li ng gim st th no ri.

146

www.huytraining.com

Ci kch bn trn
n khng phi
ph l tng lai m ang din l hng
ng ngy v cng ngy cng
nhiu ti cc cng trnh dng BIM.
Ly v d cc bn
n gim st l cho vui thi ch
ch my cng ngh ny ang
c trin khai
ph bin cho k s thi cng v cng nhn. Ci ny th
th hin
n nhin hn cc t nhin, cc bn
ngi thit k c th mc m
t s sai st nhng hu qu nhiu
u khi khng nhn ti
tin bng sai
st ngoi cng trnh. yy l cc bn
b
ngi trong phng lnh,
nh, ngoi cng tr
trng th iu
kin khc nghit hn nhiu
u nn kh
kh nng mc sai st cng cao hn.
n. M vvi mt cng ty
xy dng, tin khng nm
m khu thit k m nm khu thi cng, nn ph
ph bin cng
ngh tng hiu sutt v trnh sai st ngoi cng trng
tr
l iu
u hi
hin nhin.
BIM for handover Bim cho nghim
nghi
thu
Cng ging nh vi kim
m tra cht
ch lng, cc bn lm nghim thu cng
ng ss dng cng cng
ngh v phn mm.
Kch bn l lc cc bn
n i trong cng trnh
tr
tht nghim
m thu, trn tay c iPad
nh v
bn ang u v ch
y c nhng thit b g. Bn c th so snh hi
hin trng vi m
hnh xem thiu th g hay khng hoc
ho bn kim tra xem cht lng
ng hon thi
thin th no?
Nu bn khng ng
ng chuyn
chuy g th c chp hnh ti v tr yy v lm report. R
Ri cng gi
ln cloud cc bn x l. Cc phn
ph mm
m BIM to Field cho php b
bn theo di qu trnh
x l cc kin ca bn.
n. V d
d nh thu h sa xong ch no, h
h feedback thng trn
cloud bn bit ch no sa
s ri ch no cha
Thay v phi m mt ng
ng bn
b v i kim tra th bi gi ch c m
i ci iPad, thay v phi
lm tay th by gi ton b trn cloud, tht l tuyt diu phii khng .
147

www.huytraining.com

Thm thng tin trong qu trnh vn

v
hnh
Mt khi chuyn
n giao cng trnh cho ch
ch x ri th nh thu v t v
n thng phi tay lun.
M tp tin m hnh BIM th
ng l rt ln v phc tp, li phii c ph
phn mm chuyn dng
th mi m c thm vo ci ny ci n.
n
Tuy nhin trong qu trnh vn
v hnh, ch x hay cc nh qun
n l cng trnh th
thnh thong
cng phii thm cc thng tin pht sinh vo m hnh. V d
d c th nh qu ta, sau cc
v chy va ri,
i, cc nh qun
qu l mun thm cc mt n chng
ng khi vo ta nh m lc
thit k th kin trc s khng theo kp
k s tin b ca x hii nn khng ngh
ngh ra thm
vo trong m hnh. Hay l cc th
th v vn nh my bn hng t ng, thng cng ch,
hay

148

www.huytraining.com

By gi ch nh thu ng
i m Revit ra thm vo? Khng, nh
ng thng tin kiu ny
h khng cn phi v c th
th vo cng trnh, h ch cn
n dng cc ph
phn mm BIM Field ny
thm mt layer trn n
n ca m hnh ch r v tr ca
a chng l
c. Hay chuyn
ngnh hn l cc thng tin b
b sung ny c qun l bng mtt c ss d liu khc, n
gin hn m hnh BIM.
Nu ni v cc phn mm
m cho BIM Field th c nhiu,
nhi
tiu biu
u l cc b
bn:

FinalCad, https://www.finalcad.com,
https://www.finalcad.com bn
n ny chuyn cho ki
kim tra cht lng thi
cng hn. Mnh tt ci ny ln trc
tr bi v bn mnh
nh dng nhi
nhiu anh ny.
Trimble Field Link for Structures, for MEP,
http://www.trimble.com/construction/...ld
http://www.trimble.com/construction/...ld-points.aspx
Autodesk BIM 360 Field/Layout,
Field/L
http://bim360.autodesk.com/
Dalux Field, https://dalux.com/en/dalux-field/
https://dalux.com/en/dalux

Voil, thm mt mc na
a
cho cc bn tr thy l BIM khng ph
phi l ngi v Revit m
cn c nhiu th hay ho hn Revit nhiu.
nhi

149

www.huytraining.com

23. Tm tt
OK, my bi va ri ni chuyn mt mch v cng ngh.
Mt l 3D Scan, cc bn ng ngh BIM ch dng cho cc cng trnh bt u thit k. Hin
ti cng ngy cng nhiu ch x mun s ha li li b h s hon cng hay l m hnh li
hin trang cng trnh ca mnh c th a thng tin vo cc cng c qun l hin i.
Nn ci cng ngh 3D Scan ny c dng ngy cng nhiu cho cng vic ny. H scan
3D cng trnh ri v li bng cc BIM Platform v cc cng c nhn dng t ng Point
Cloud, nht l h thng MEP l c scan nhiu nht. Bi th, cc ng dng cho thit k
v th cng trn ch l phn ng dng chnh ca bn mnh, cn li c rt rt nhiu ng
dng khc na
Sau y l im qua cc BIM Viewer, ci ny cng kh quan trng. Trong mt quy trnh
xy dng, cc end-user thng khng phi l cc ngi s dng thnh tho phn mm,
nhng h li l nhng ngi chnh s dng thng tin. Nh cc chef dng ra quyt nh
hay cng nhn th dng thi hnh trn cng trng hoc dng khi bo tr chng hn.
Bi th, vic trang b cho cc end-user ny bit s dng cc viewer n gin khai thc
thng tin l ht sc quan trng. Cc cng ty xy dng thng t chc cc kha hc i
tr cho tt c mi ngi hng dn h dng cc viewer ny. Cng ch c g l gh
gm c, ch n gin l cc thao tc nh i trong m hnh 3D, o kch thc, ly Khi
lng gip h c nhiu thng tin nht trc khi lm hay quyt nh. I see and I do.
Mnh tng cm ng mm ri nc mt khi thy mt bc cng nhn sung sng v
hnh din khi t mnh walk-through c trong m hnh 3D. Bi th, a cng ngh s
n vi mi ngi, c bit l ra cng trng, ngoi hiu qu cng vic n cn mang tnh
nhn vn, kiu mang mi ngi li vi nhau v ngang bng hn. Cng ngh v nhn sinh
l th .
Thm mt th hay ho na l BIM Field mang cc sn phm s ha ra cng trng, ni m
mi khi ch nghe n n th mi ngi hnh dung ngay n l ni bi bm, bn ly, n o
con ngi ni y th th rp, ni nng cc mch, th l Khng, cng trng by gi
khc xa lm ri, trn cng trng by gi ch cn cc bn nam thanh n t, tay xoa iPad
nhoay nhoy, hoc cm iu khin t xa ra lnh cho my mc thi . Cng trng
by gi l mt nhng ni tp trung hm lng cng ngh cao ch khc g Ph Wall. Nn
cc bn n c yn tm v lnh cng trng . Bn tr no ang i tn gi th b 3 pht
xem ci video "Cng trng thi k nguyn s" ny ht cho cc bn gi m nh.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aboEpOC2NWk

150

www.huytraining.com

Ok, Ok, vy l ch cn c mt
m mc v Phn mm na thi (6D-CAFM),
CAFM), nn
dnh y
hm no c hng th tn ti
p.
n y th cc b phn l
t c trin khai kh nhiu, nn n
u cc bn theo di ht
cc bi th cc bn c th hnh dung c kh c th bcc tranh BIM m m
mi ngi hay
bn ti.
i. Nn chng y l lc tng
t
kt li mt to ch khng th lang thang, chi ti
tit qu
s b lc . Cc bn tr lii qu tp
t p trung vo ui voi, chn voi, tai voi, bn voi m qun
ci nhn ton cc v con voi.

L tng kt nn ch c g mi
m c, ch l t li my ci hnh c bn
n
c dng trin
khai sut cc chng hi trn li vi nhau, ri lm mt ci tm ttt nho nh
nh.

151

www.huytraining.com

Ci th nht l ci nh
nh ngha
ngh BIM Level 2 ca UK. Tip
p theo l m tt Chu trnh to v
chuyn
n giao thng tin trong quy trnh BIM ni chung. V hai ci cu
cui cng m t t chc
ring ca mt cng ty thc
th hin BIM.

Trc ht, BIM tm li cng

ng ch
ch c g to tt v mi m c, ch n gi
gin l lm sao s ha
ti a cng trnh ca bn
n v sau y
l khai thc ti a lng
ng thng tin c
c ny.
n gin l tii v cc thng tin y khng phi l thng tin mii m hon ton
y l cc
thng tin m cc bn phii to
t o ra cho d c BIM hay khng c BIM. B
Bn lm thit k th
bng
ng cch ny hay cch khc cng
c
phi thc hin bn v, cc bn
n lm thi cng th vvn c
phii xy. C BIM hay khng th mi
m ngi xy trong qu kh
, hin ti vn xy v
tng lai cn xy nhiu
u hn.
BIM ch khc hn mt to
o l tn
t dng cc cng ngh hin ti mang m
mi ngi li lm
vic cng tc vii nhau (BIM Level 2 - Collaborative working) trn mi tr
trng s (3D)
trong sut vng i ca
a cng trnh. Lm vic
vi cng tc gip mii ng
ngi hiu nhau, tin
tng nhau hn dn n
n cc thng tin c
sn xut ra cht lng,
ng,
ng b v c tnh
tiu chun cao hn. Nh c
to ra v lu tr trn mi trng s nn cc thng tin
c
qun l tt hn v s cc khai thc tt
t hn.
Ci ny th ng l ni ch m ni, khng nh lng c.
c. Nghe th
th hay y nhng
nu quan nim Hc m lm th cng
c
ch l tn pht, bla bla v
i nhau cho vui thi ch
cha sn xut c. Bii th,
th cc hng dn s dng BIM ra ii l i
iu ng nhin bi
v khng ai chp nhn
n ni chuyn
chuy to lo mi c.
152

www.huytraining.com

Hng dn s dng tm
m cao nht
nh l cc tiu chun ca nh n
c, tm v m bt
cc cng ty lm vic vii nhau. M c
c th l ch u t phii l ng
ngi bt u ngn ngun
ca mt quy trnh BIM. Xu
t pht t nhu cu cui cng ca
a mnh m ch
ch x s i ngc li
cc giai on thit k b
t mi ngi tha mn mc ch cuii cng cca mnh.

M ch u t nhiu tin
n nht,
nh xp nht trong ngnh xy dng kh
khp ni trn th gii l
cc bn nh nc.
c. TO BE OR
O NOT TO BE. Nn cc cng ty phi t t chc li, o to li
thch ng vi cc yu c
u ca ch u t.
V pha cng ty, nh ttt c
c cc bi trn, mnh ch c gng
ng phc h
ha s b cch vn
hnh ca mt d n BIM. C
C th hn to l lm sao To Lu ttr v Khai thc Thng
tin trong sut vng i ca
a cng trnh (lu
(l
l vng ii cng trnh l tt lc ban u c
tng xy n lc p Stage 0 n
Stage 7, cn vng i d n l ch
ch t 0 n 6 thi).
Ci ny l ni m lm, nh

lng c c th phi lm g. May m

mn l cc bi trn
phn ln l theo kiu nh
nh lng
l
ny, thnh thong
ng c t chm gi nh
nhng phn ln l
hand-on c.
Tm li l, v pha cng ty,
trin khai BIM th gn nh mii ng
ngi u ng l s
kt hp gia Quy trnh Cng ngh
ngh v Con ngi.

153

www.huytraining.com

Bn khng th mua phn

n mm
m
v ri s dng theo tiu chun ca
ab
bn (my standard) ri
bo
o l mnh lm BIM. Khng, BIM n yu cu
c
hp tc gia
a cc bn nhi
nhiu. Bi th bn
phi c mt quy trnh bn lm c vic cho bn v ph hp
p vvi cc bn khc. D
nhin, sau y l bn cn
n phi
ph c con ngi s dng
ng cng ngh
ngh, v iu ti quan
trng v con ngi ca bn
n phi
ph vn hnh ng theo quy trnh.
Ngi ta bo BIM thay ii cch hot
ho ng ca
a cng ty, mnh th b
bt u cm thy th
tht nhng l chuyn ln,
n, vt
v xa tm y.
y, v cng ngh,, th ch
ch cn phi chun b mt s th nho nh
nh v c bn trin
khai BIM l Protocols, Software, Templates, Components. Mnh
Mnh ccn c phn mm,
phn cng,
ng, template, component, family
trin khai cc ng dng
ng cc th. Sau y mnh
cn cc giao thcc (protocols)
giao tip c vi nhau.
trong nh th mnh c theo quy trnh bnh thng
th
nh cn
ng hp sa l thit k
phi hp 3D t cc u
u vo s
s nh scan 3D. Mnh
nh phn tch khng gian ki
kin trc, kt
cu, nng lng da
a trn m hnh 3D y bng cc cng c 3D khc
c thit k
ti u. Sau khi c bn thitt k
k ti u hoc gn ti u, mnh tin
n hnh dng AR, VR
bn
hng, mnh lm 4D, 5D, mnh a BIM ra cng trng, vo nghim
m thu... hay v vn cc
vic v vn
n khc m cng ngh
ngh s mang li. Nhc li mt to
o th n l ci vng trong
cng ca Figure 2 PAS 1192-2
1192 v c minh ha ci hnh di.
ngoi ng
ng th mnh theo tiu chun
chu vi ngi ta, th g mnh lm trong nh m ng
ngi
ta quan tm hay yu cu
u th mnh em ra chia s cng tho lu
n v tin b
(l ci
hnh ch nht di c
a
a Figure 2: Suppliers Information Exchange v Employers
154

www.huytraining.com

Decision Point). Ngii ta ni ngn ng

ng g th mnh xut cho ngii ta ngn ng
ng y (IFC v
COBie).

Sau khi mnh thit k ngon lnh, xy dng

d
v chuyn
n giao ngon lnh th xem nh
nh vng
i d n ktt thc (Stage 0 n
6). Bnh thng th dn t vn
n v nh th
thu sau khi handover l take away, ln
n lun. Nhng vi
v BIM, m ci ny l mcc ch chnh cca ch u t,
trc khi ln, cc bn
n vui lng chuyn
chuy ht thng tin m tui cn
tui qun l cng trnh
cho tui.
Bi th mii sinh ra COBie, 6D
tip ni vng ii cng trnh (Stage 7). Ci ny th
th no
s h hi phn gii
y l cng ngh v quy trnh, nghe c v
v d tt v trn tru. Ph
Phn con ngi th mnh
khng bit lm, ch bitt l c mt
m i ca tng bo
o BIM l 10% cng ngh
ngh, 90% l x hi
(Scott Simpson, FAIA, KlingStubbins BIM is 10 percent technology, 90 percent
sociology). Tcc l BIM c thnh hay khng phn
p
ln da
a vo con ng
ngi.
155

www.huytraining.com

Nu ly kinh nghim ca mnh t cng ty mnh th mnh thy cu ny c v hi qu. Cc

bn ch mnh u p vo qui trnh kh nhanh v khng my kh khn lm. Ok, ban u
th setup cc th (cng ngh, quy trnh) th lu tht, nhng sau y th kh trn tru,
nht l cc bn tr. Cc bn sn xut theo BIM hiu qu hn l cc phng php c
in nhiu.
VN th mnh chu v khng c tri nghim nn chu. Nhn y nu c bn no c nh
gip mnh c tri nghim VN th mnh xin sn sng .
Nhn ni chuyn con ngi th ly ci topic ny ra tn vui mt to. Mnh quan st th thy
ban u cn c nhiu bn theo c, v sau th ch cn nhn c 3 bn anhductran,
davidlun v tuananhkthn. Ni chung l din bin y khng khc g i xem Sn ng
mi v bn thuc do hi xa l my . Ngy u cc v s ra chiu, ngi th t m,
ngi th hiu k nn khn gi rt ng. Mi ngy qua l khn gi li bt i mt to cho d
cc v s c gng i bi, t tr kh sang tr mo.
Tha dn, bt dn, n khi ch cn 1 hay 2 ngi li l nhng ngi cn thuc v b
bnh thc s. Tic l thuc ca Sn ng a phn l thuc u nn tin mt m tt
vn mang . y 3 ng ch trn c v ang lm BIM tht. An i cho cc bn l cc
bn khng b mt tin, m m bit u nu c gp nhau ngoi i, mnh s mi cc bn
cfe cm n ng h. M chc chn l khng cn di na u, tm khong 2 bi na
l kt thc.
Tn th ch ni l, theo mnh lm BIM cng nh cc th khc, c khi cn nht l tnh
nhn ni. Nothing thats worthwhile is ever easy...

156

www.huytraining.com

24. COBie - BIM ngn

ng
v di hn
To BIM or not to BIM dng BIM hay khng dng BIM?
BIM by gi
khng cn l cu hi
quan trng na bii v n mang tnh sng
s ng cn To BE or not to BE . Bn no vn cn
nghi ng th y:
BIM = Because Its Mandated
andated
BIM = Because I Must
Hoc t mnh bt buc ho
c b ngi khc bt bucc nn BIM l ph
phi lm, chng phi ni
un, deux g st.
OK lm th lm, vic g ph
i xon. Nhng c v tt c cc bi vitt
n gi ton thy BIM
phc v cho cc bn t vn
n v nh thu,
th
3D, 4D, 5D, Field... Ngoii tr
tr c nhc s s
u y vai tr ca ch x l im
i
bt u ca
a BIM (EIR). Ci ny th hi
hin nhin ri, ti tr
tin th ti c quyn m li.
i.
Tic l, nh c khng
ng nh

cc bi u tin nhn mnh t

m quan trng ca d
liu phi hnh hc, l cc b
n thit k v thi cng, v p y,
y, m hnh mu m p y,
lm phng php thi cng cng
c
hp l y,
y, blab la bla nhng bm, th
thc t l ch ng
bao nhiu tin c .

Cc bn y phn ln
n l dn kt
k cu, chc c thm mt t cc b
n lm thi cng. Khng
bit c bn no t hi th sau khi thit
thi k v thi cng xong, ch
u t h vn hnh cng
trnh nh sa cha, bo
o tr, thay th
th
nh th no khng ? Hay trng by gi c
157

www.huytraining.com

c hc khng ? Mnh hi
h xa th nh l ch c mn no lin quan
n giai on vn
hnh cng trnh c.. , c khi c mt
m mn lin quan cht xu
n vn hnh v bo tr
nhng m l mn Bo tr ng,

hnh nh thm c Pht trin na

a c, nhng m h
hc xong
y ch ch Sa cha
a c
g.
By gi cc bn quen vii BIM ri,
r nu l m tm ti liu th chcc l ccng thy cm t BIM
BAM BOOM, n cng
ng c ngha tng
t
t nh ci hnh trn Lm BIM cho thi
thit k
v thi cng tht l r tin.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IgdcCemevI

Tiu lm mt to ch nhn
nh mnh l trong qu trnh BIM, nu
u khng quan tm
n vn
hnh lu di ca ch u
u t (BOOM) th
th tht l sai lm.
Tt c l hoc gn nh nh
ng bi vit trn m may mn c b
n miton ngng m,
bn
n davidlun cho l have not ever seen hay bn
b n chuongsds cho l cng phu, tt m u
phm sai lm l qu tp
p trung vo chi tit
ti t lm g (what) v lm th
th no (how) m
b qua ti sao (why) phi lm nh th?.
th
M why, c th y l
u ra output, th phi
lun lun c tt ln hng u.

Ni r ra l BIM trn ch l BIM ngn hn, BIM t tin, BIM ch dng cho thi
thit k v thi
cng. BIM ny cng ttt thi, nhng m tt
t hn na l phi ngh n
n k hoch di hn ca
ch x, l BIM di hn,
n, BIM nhiu
nhi tin, BIM ca ch u
u t. BIM cho ch
ch u t l cc nD
pha sau 5D nh l 6D - BIM for Facility Management, 7D Green BIM (energy, life
life-cycle
analysis)...
D nhin, mnh khng hiu
hi bit ni v cch
ch lm 6D (BIM for FM), 7D b
bi v ci ny
n thuc lnh vcc khc, cng ty khc. y, mnh ch ni n
n chuy
chuyn c th l ci BIM
ngn hn phi xut ra cc nhng
nh
thng tin m ch u
u t dng
c trong di hn vn
158

www.huytraining.com

hnh cng trnh (BOOM). Nu

N khng c ci cu t BIM ngn hn
chuyn thng tin n
BIM di hn ca ch u
u t, th
th tht l lng ph v rt thiu
u khn ngoan.
Trc khi ni v ci cu
u chuyn
chuy d liu (COBie) gia
a 2 ci BIM, mnh xin nh
nhc li mt cht
nhng g ang xy ra thy
th l do to sao ngi ta mun
n lm BIM v ci ccu ni ny l
quan trng.
Hin ti rt n gin
n l sau khi nghim
nghi
thu xong, t vn v nh th
u s phi chun b mt
b h s hon cng v chuyn
chuy cho ch u t. B h s hon cng bao g
gm cc thng
tin m cc bn dng xy dng
d
cng trnh bao gm nhiu th bn
n vv, thng s k thut
vt liu, thit b iu
u ng ni l ch
ch yu ton bng giy (dn
n d
dn c thm bn scan
pdf).

Sau y, nhng g xyy ra tip

ti theo l trong ci ng thng tin kh
ng l , bn ch u
t thng phi ngi lm
m lt,
l
sp xp li trch ra cc thng tin m mnh ccn cho cng
vic vn hnh, bo
o tr cng trnh. Cng vic
vi ny thng cc lm b
bng tay v nhp li
thng tin t h s vo cc phn
ph
mm h thng qun
n l cng trnh (Computerized
Maintenance Management
ent System CMMS). Cng vic n gin
n nh
nhp li nh l: Tng 1,
c 3 Phng, Phng ng PN01 c
sn mu hng,
ng, sn Nippon sn mng ccng p, c 2
ci ging,
ng, 4 bng n, 1 hp
h BCS, BCS hiu Durex, thi hn s d
ng 3 nm, thng s k
thut nm tp BCS01.pdf
f Tng
T
phng, tng phng mt cho ttt cc cc trang thit b.
M nhp li bng
ng tay th cc bn
b bit ri y, va mt thi gian v
a cha nhiu ri ro sai
st. M h s hon cng th
th cc bn cng bit lun, ch c b h
s hon cng no m
phn nh ht nhng g th
c t chuyn giao . Nn vic thiu
u thng tin, thng tin llp,
thng tin sai l chuyn
n thng
th
ngy huyn. Vn tip
p theo l lu tr ci ng giy
y. Cho n xung hm
m th ba ba l n mc, thu ni bo qun
n trong vng 60 n
nm th
cng t li con mt,
t, m khi cn
c ci g th li khng bit u Ni chung ng
ngi giu
(ch x) cng phi khc.

159

www.huytraining.com

Vy by gi, mnh c tin

n l mnh c quyn
quy yu cu. Bn
n kia nghe b
bo s dng my tnh
hay lm
m thi th cc bc bt
b thi gian lm mu m li, ng tp
p trung l
lm geometrymodel na m chu kh tp
p trung lm ci data-model
data model hay information
information-model cho ngon i.
Sau y chuyn
n cho ti cc d
d liu ti cn ti khi phi nhp l
i, va khng chnh xc
m va mt thi gian.
160

www.huytraining.com

Vy l COBie c a vo trong BIM Level 2, mc ch ch lm cu ni d liu t BIM

ngn hn sang BIM di hn.

n y, c mt s bn thc mc th chuyn cho ch u t cc m hnh revit hay

archicad c ri. Khng, d nhin l khng, ci m hnh 3D y n u c cha ht cc
thng tin m ch x cn. V d ci b FF&E vi tt c thng s k thut bn c chc l
nm ht trong m hnh 3D hng? Vi li tui u c Revit, Archicad m. Vi li tui u
c cn bit ht tt c cc thng tin m bn dng khi thit k u.
Vy c bn cng thc mc sao khng dng IFC, nh dng ph thng khng cn Revit vn
c c. Ok, IFC cng dng chuyn giao thng tin t Design sang Operate c
nhng IFC m nhiu th qu, t hnh hc n d liu ca tt c cc th qua tt c cc
giai on (xem phn IFC trn) nn tha qu nhiu thng tin v t chc tp tin qu phc
tp cho vn hnh.
Vy l COBie c chn cho BIM Level 2. Mnh ni c chn l bi v COBie ra i trc
khi cc th linh tinh BIM Level 2 ca UK c nhc n. COBie vit tt ca ConstructionOperations Building information exchange, ra i t nm 2007, bi i ca Bill East khi
ang lm vic ti United States Army Corps of Engineers. Bi th, chc khng ai ni v n
hay nh l cha ca n, mi cc bn xem video v cc bi vit ca ng y:
https://www.youtube.com/user/BSADemo
https://www.linkedin.com/in/williameast
Di y, mnh ch xin tm tt mt vi chnh ng dng COBie trong khun kh BIM
Level 2 ca UK.

161

www.huytraining.com

COBie c chn tii v n l d

d liu di dng bng
ng tnh (spreadsheet) nh excel v n
ch ch trng n
n l trang thit
thi b (FF&E) vn
n hnh cng trnh. T
Tc l n c nh dng
n gin
n v thng tin th gn
g nh ch tp
p trung cho khng gian v trang thi
thit b, phc v
cho Facility Management. Nu
N IFC l m hnh ca mi th th COBie l m
mt tp con ca
IFC, thng tin trong COBie khng c g mi
m c, n ch l nh dng
ng khc cca d liu.

y, nh dng bng ca
a COBie n
n kiu nh th ny. n gin
n ch
ch l ci file excel vi
nhiu bng

162

www.huytraining.com

hiu ngha c th ca
a tng
t
bng (sheet) th mii cc bn
b
c thm ti liu. C bn
n th cc
sheet cc gom vo 3 mng:
m
Design, Build v Common.

Trc ht l mng
ng Design

m t khng
ng gian v trang thit
thi
b li ca COBie
V d cho d hnh dng l trong
m hnh revit ca
a Nh ng A,
bn ko th mtt ci Tivi Sony
100in t Family Tivi vo phng
ng PN01, tng
ng 1. Trong ci
c
file COBie, ci Tivi ny
c m
t nh sau.
Trc ht l cc sheet dng

t chcc khng gian: Facility >

Floor > Zones > Space. Phng
ng PN01 (Space) thucc khu
phng ng (Zones), nm Tng
163

www.huytraining.com

1 (Floor) trong ta nh tn l Nh ng A

(facility).

Sau y l cc sheet m t
trang trang thit:
t: Type > System > Compon
Component. Phng ng
PN01, c 1 ci Tivi Sony 100in (Component) ca
c loi (Type) Tivi , t
c l sheet Component
lin kt vii sheet Space (trang thit
thi b t trong khng gian).
Mng th 2 l Build dng
m t cc cng tc s dng, bo
o tr cho m
mt loi thit b
bi th cc sheet ca mng
ng ny lin kt
k vi Type ca mng
ng Design. V d
d ci Tivi Sony
100in y cn cc thay anten (spare) v phi
ph em i bo
o hnh (job) cc sau 2 nm s
dng.
Mng th 3 l Common tii v n cha
ch a cc thng tin chung cho cc trang thi
thit b. V d Tivi
Sony 100in mua c
a Su D (contact) ch trii Tng B
Bch H email
l saude@tbh.com,, tuy l hng second hand nhng vn
v n c h
hng dn s dng
(Document) theo ci link www.sony.com.
www.sony.com. ng Su D (contact)
y khng ch bn cho
mnh ci Tivi m cn nhiu
nhi
th khc na nh T lnh
nh (component) My tnh
(component)... Nn cc sheet mc ny c th link n
n cc sheet cca mc Design v
Build trn.
Nm na l nh th, ci file
ile COBie n cung cp
c cch t chcc khng gian, danh sch cc
trang thit b, thng s v phng thc
th bo tr c th chuyn
n tr
trc tip vo cc phn
mm qun
n l cng trnh (facility management, asset management) cca ch u t m
khng cn phi nhp li t bn giy.

Nhn th n gin th thi nhng hin

hi ti COBie l cng a chung
ng
chuyn d liu t
cc BIM platform vo Facility Management platform. COBie khng ph
phi l hon ho nhng
COBie c ph bin bii v tuy COBie ch
ch lm c mt vic nh,, nhng lm tt.
164

www.huytraining.com

, nh nhin l vic g kh c phn mm nn to, xut nhp file COBie cc bn c

add-in:
http://www.biminteroperabilitytools.com/cobieextension/

Quay li vi BIM Level 2 UK, cc bn c th thy c 2 mc rt quan trng trong cc tiu

chun mong c tha mn l:

PAS 1192-4:2014: Cc yu cu v trao i thng tin s dng COBie Hng dn

s dng
GSL Government Soft Landing

Tc l ngi ta rt ch trng n vic chuyn giao thng tin gia thit k, xy dng v
vn hnh. Bt buc khi bn lm h s chuyn giao, bn phi c:

M hnh 3D native, cc c s d liu khc nu c v d dRofus

Cc bn v 2D, di dng pdf
File trao i COBie

y l COBie, nhn tin ni lun Government Soft Landing (GSL) m mnh khng bit phi
dch th no. S th l, trong cc d n xy dng hin ti, bn Cng ty qun l cng trnh
(FM) thng n qu mun so vi bn thit k. V d nhiu khi bn giao c thng ri
nhng ch u t vn cha bit ai qun l cng trnh cho mnh nn trong giai on thit
k v thi cng, nhiu khi khng ai bit bn Qun l h mun g.
165

www.huytraining.com

Khng bit cc bn c b khng ch

ch bn mnh th b hoi. Tr cc cng trnh l PPP th nh
thu c sn cng ty Qun
n l vi
v mnh ngay t u, cn cc kiu
u Design and Build hay
Design-Bid
Bid and Build th no way. Bn qun
qu l c ch nh rt tr
nn cc bn thit k
khng bit u m ln.
Trn tinh thn l mang
i Qun l (FM) n sm
m hn trong thi
thit k, trong BIM Task
Group c mt i nghin c
u v ci ny. H yu cu cc bn thitt kk khng phi i n
khi chuyn giao (6 - handover) mi
m xut ra file COBie m phi xu
t sm hn trong tng
giai on.
n. Nm na l COBie Drop 1, COBie Drop 2 trong giai on
o 2--3-4, COBie Drop 3 cho
5-Construction Sau y,
y, bn thit
thi k + thi cng + Qun
n l cng trnh + Ch
Ch u t s
kim tra, hon thin vii nhau theo ng tinh thn
th n Collaborative working cca BIM Level 2.
Ci ny c th hin r hnh 2 ca PAS1192-2,
2, cc hnh trn mu xanh v .

Voil, hy vng
ng cht t y gip cc bn
b tr hiu c BIM ngn hn,
n, BIM di h
hn, COBie,
GSL l g. Nh thng l,, cc bn
b c th c thm my ci ny cc link:

What is COBie UK 2012? http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/cobie

www.bimtaskgroup.org/cobie-uk-2012/, y c
cc file mu ca
a COBie cho cc bn
b ngm cu. Cc bn cng
ng
ng qun load ci
file COBie data drops
bit truy xut d liu th no qua cc giai o
on
http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp
http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-conte...s-29.03.12.pdf,
Bond Bryan Digital, http://bimblog.bondbryan.com/cobie/,
http://bimblog.bondbryan.com/cobie/
i ny am hiu IFC v
COBie nht ncc Anh
NBS, https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/what-is-cobie
https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/what
Government Soft Landings (GSL), http://www.bimtaskgroup.o
http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/gsl/ hiu thm
GSL l g

166

www.huytraining.com

Nguyn vn bi Hennessy
Em xin c cht kin v BIM:
Nu cc bc ang thit k nh dn dm tng vi ba t, kim c thi cng, tt tn tt th BIM l cc
k nhm nh. Cc cng trnh trng hc thp tng, cc nh xng, cng trnh cng nghipvv
cng khng cn BIM. Ni cho cng chi ph lm BIM do ai tr? Ch u t l ngi cui cng
phi tr, vy v tnh ch ph trn m2 ca bc i ln, vy cnh tranh l thua thit khi dng BIM?
Vy tm li BIM ch dnh cho qui m cng trnh bao ln? Nu qui ra tin l bao nhiu th bt u
p dng BIM th mi hiu qu vy cc bc? Hay ch p dng cho cc cng trnh c yu t nc
ngoi?

Cu hi ca bn Hennessy rt l chnh ng. Nhng nghi vn v gi thnh, v ROI trc

khi p dng mt phng thc lm vic mi l cn thit. Mnh bi l bn ang lm cng
vic qun l v lin quan n tin bc. Rt tic mnh khng phi v tr tr li mt
cch tha ng cu hi ca bn.
Mnh dng BIM trong cng
vic bi v n phi vy, BIM
= Because I Must. trn p
xung nn ton b cng ty
phi theo. Thats it. n gin
ch c vy. Mnh ch ng
dng ch khng phi l t
vn BIM. Vi li, u
mnh ni, thuyt phc
ngi khc dng BIM l vic
ngoi kh nng ca mnh.
Mnh ch c th gi cho bn
mt vi ti liu hy vng c
th gip bn ra c quyt
nh mt cch ng n.

Trc ht l BIM National Report ca Anh, hng nm h c ngi phng vn, theo di
tnh hnh s dng BIM ca ngnh xy dng Anh, ri tm tt, nh gi v a ra cho mi
ngi c min ph. Bn 2016 th y
https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/nat...im-report-2016.

167

www.huytraining.com

Theo y th hin c 54% ngi c hi

s dng BIM cho cng trnh ca mnh. Hy
vng nm ti l 86%, trong 5 nm ti c
th l 97%. Sau y th c 80% dng BIM
xut bn v 2D v 70% l cho 3D. Th
loi d n th phn ln l cc cng trnh
nh nc nhng c mt s lng ln l
bn t nhn nh nh dn, vn phng v
trung tm gii tr.

Hi NBS ny cng l mt hi ba phi,

khng nhng iu tra Anh m cn iu
tra cc nc khc na, mc ch chc
mun bit mnh ang u m cn
phn u, nn mi c NBS International
BIM Report. Bn 2016 th y
https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/nbs...
im-report-2016.
Theo th c n hn 90% ngi c
hi c nghe ni v BIM, Nht l 92%. V s dng th ty tng nc nhng trung bnh
th t nht phi hn 50% v trong 5 nm ti th t l p dng hy vng l 80%, Nht ln l
88%.

168

www.huytraining.com

Mt ti liu quan trng theo di tnh hnh s dng BIM na l SmartMarket BIM Report
ca McGraw Hill Construction. Bn c th tham kho bn 2014 y
https://synchroltd.com/newsletters/B...ets%202014.pdf.
Theo th hn 60% tr li l chi ph u t cho BIM (phn mm, my tnh, o to) s
c khu hao ht trong vng 2 nm nh vo vic tng nng sut, tc l trong di hn s
c li. 75% cng ty tr li sut hon vn u t (ROI) l dng.
y l trend ca th gii. Cn bn, bn ngh g?

169

www.huytraining.com

mc c th hn, mnh gii thiu bn quyn ny BIM in Small Practices Illustrated

Case Studies. Quyn ny minh ha ng dng BIM cho cc cng trnh c th, kch thc
nho nh. Ban u ch l tp tnh i vi managed 3D, sau y i nhanh hn vi 4D v
BIM in the Cloud. Bn c th load y.
https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.co...t+Klaschka.pdf
Li ta ca ngi bin son bt u bng cu Small practices have always been
innovators. Mnh hiu ngc i mt cht l Cc sng to i mi thng bt u t
nhng thc hnh nho nh. Ci BIM rng ln nh by gi cng c bt u t nhng
ng dng nho nh y sng to ca nhiu ngi, t lonely BIM mi n BIM Level 2.
Hay mc gii thiu, mt ngi kh ni ting v BIM l John Eynon vit:
Myth 1 BIM is for large projects. No! Examples in this book include residential
conversions, extensions and a self-build house.
Myth 2 BIM is only for new buildings. No! There are lots of examples here of work
involving existing buildings at all stages.
Ci ny th bn c c ri hiu

Mnh ch xin php ni thm l, theo mnh thy, tng lai mi ngi chuyn sang ht lm
vic cng tc trn 3D. Bn khng th bt nhn vin ngi v tng line trong cad c.
Nhn vin ca bn chc chn cht m b i ht . Lm 3D m nu c lm lin tc 2 nm
mt vic, cc bn tr by gi ku chn cht anh i, cho em lm ci khc i, cn c
ny l em b em i nhen.

170

www.huytraining.com

Ni chung, c mt s tc gi bo l, tnh hnh hin ti khng khc g khi chuyn t v

Roting sang Cad cch y 30 nm l my. D nhin bn c th vn v tay nu bn tuyt
gii nh Adrian Newey.

171

www.huytraining.com

25. Lifecycle BIM

Nh ni bi trcc l mnh khng trnh ni v Stage 7 Opera
Operate Phase of a
Building. n gin
n l mnh lm cho cng ty xy dng.
d
M t xa cho
n by gi, cng
ty xy dng
ng th khng cung cp
c
dch v qun l nh v ti sn
n (Facility Management,
Asset management), v ngc
ng li, cha c cng ty no lm FM l
i i xy nh. Bi vy,
vic chuyn giao h s hon cng t
t cng ty xy dng
ng sang cng ty qu
qun l ny sinh rt
nhiu vn nh
ni chuyn
chuy to lo trn.
Ci thiu hiu bit v giai on
o
vn hnh cho nhng ngii lm xy d
dng truyn thng
nh mnh chc khng phii l him. Mnh on l trn ketcau ny ch
chc mnh khng phi
l ngi duy nht.
t. Tuy nhin,
kt thc ci chuyn
n BIM ny, tuy l hi qu ssc nhng
mnh cng phi vit cho
Lifecycle BIM. Bi th, phn ny ph
n ln l mnh ch nghe
ni ch cha c trii nghim
nghi
l my. Ro trc n sau th c g sai th xin cc b
bn
gp cng tin b: (.

172

www.huytraining.com

Th nht, trn c ni l vic

vi chuyn giao gia hai bn, mtt bn xy v m
mt bn qun l
hin c nhiu vn .. Tuy nhin, vi
v cng ngh hin ti,
i, qu trnh chu
chuyn giao ny ang
dn c ci thin.
n. Cc cng ty xy dng
d ng cng ngy cng lm vi
vic chung vi bn bo
hnh hn cung cp
p cho ch
ch u t dch v trn gi t thit k
n vn hnh lun. Nn
vic ra ii cc cng ty hybric va
v xy va qun l ngy cng ph
bin. V d Anh th
c BAM Pva xy va
a lm Facilities Management, Php th c cc ttp on xuyn lc a
nh Vinci Construction (ch
ca Freyssinet VN nu bn
n no cha bi
bit) ph trch phn
xy v Vinci Facilites ph trch qun
qu l. Tng t bn Bouygues
ues Construction th kkt hp
vii Bouygues Energies & Services... Ch
Ch bn mnh cng ang hp
p tc chung vvi i FM
xem c ra cc ci g khng, tic
ti l mnh ch thnh thong cc ng
ngi xem v nghe cc
bn ma thi.
Cng trn tin thn chuy
n giao mm (Gouvernment
uvernment Soft Landing) cca BIM Level 2,
cc cng ty qun
n l khng i
n khi nghim thu mi bt u
u tham gia m tham gia
ngay t khu thit k, cc bit
bi giai on mua sm
m ti nguyn (asset) b
bi v nhng
ngi ph hp nht mua sm
s
l ngi qun l vn
n hnh n sau ny. Nh
Nh y, cc
thit b cc mua ng
n khi chuyn giao th bo m
m l cng trnh vvn hnh
trn tru. Bn cnh y,
y, thng tin ca
c
ti nguyn s c a s
m vo trong quy trnh
BIM gip cho lc chuyn
n giao trnh c
cc vn phi nhp lii nh trn. M
Mt bn th
phi tn 1-2 nm nhp
p li,
l mt bn th c sn h s cn tr
c khi vn hnh. Thin
ng l y ch u.
Ni chuyn th c v n gin
gi nhng nhng vic th ny tit kim
m rrt nhiu tin cho ch
u t. Cc bn c th tm c cun
n BIM for Facility Managers do Paul Teicholz lm ch
ch
bin, trong y minh ho nhiu
nhi trng hp kt hp BIM vii FM v ti
tit kim c rt rt
nhiu tin. Nhiu ln
n hn thit
thi k ph ca kin trc s v k s l i
iu hin nhin.

173

www.huytraining.com

iu ng ni l vic titt kim

ki
ny xut pht t mt vic tng
ng nh kh n gi
gin v hin
nhin l bn thit k v thi cng ch
ch chuyn giao mt b h s hon cng ss - ng v
nhng
ng thng tin m mnh dng cho bn qun l ch ng
ng
h i tm li thng
tin. Nhn mnh l, thng tin t
t thit k n thi cng l c sn, ch vic t chc li v giao
ng hong cho tui thi vyy m c
c m dn n lng ph t trcc
n nay.
ng v thng tin cho bn vn
v hnh l g? vi BIM Level 2, ph
n ny c x l trong
PAS 1192-3:2014 Specification for information management for the operational phase of
assets using building information modelling, l mt
m trong 8 ti liu
u tr
tr ct m cc bn thy
trn.
n gin d hiu
u hn l cc Object trong m hnh
hnh 3D (Revit, Archicad..) hay mt c s
d liu
u bn ngoi (dRofus, CodeBook) phi
ph cha
a cc thng tin ph
phc v cho cng vic
qun l (FM), kiu nh:

174

www.huytraining.com

Vic ny ch c g l kh hay l thuyt

thuy na, cc th vin object hi
n nay u tch hp cc
thng tin ny, v d nh object ca
c
NBS c nhc n
n khng d
di 2 ln cc bi
trn:

Sau y bn ch cn bm
m nt l c IFC hay COBie v chuyn
chuy n giao cho bn nh qu
qun l th
g h mun.
n. Khch hng l thng
th
m l.

Chuyn g xyy ra trong cc phn

ph mm
m Facility Management nh IBM Maximo, ARCHIBUS,
Autodesk Building Ops hay Trimble Manhattan l mt
m t ngnh ngh
ngh khc, cu chuyn
175

www.huytraining.com

khc m vi mnh nh l mt ci hp en. Tuy nhin, nhn vo thc t m thy th y l

mng m tng lai s pht trin nht c v hot ng ngoi thc t v cc ng dng
xoay quanh n (eco-system) ca BIM. V d t lu Autodesk c Autodesk FMDesktop
by gi th FM:System v Autodesk Building Ops, bn Trimble th mua li Manhattan
software t 2014
Mnh ngh cc bn tr nn dn dn t b cc ngnh ngh truyn thng ca xy dng v
nn i theo ci on pha sau ny hn, bi v n l Lifecycle BIM, n din ra trong mt
thi gian rt di, nhiu ngi tham gia, nhiu tin v nhiu cng ngh cao.

Cu chuyn FM ny n rt l thc t v cc cng ty nh nh bn Hennessy c th p

dng c bn thm sn phm cho ch u t. V d ng no th bn cng c
m hnh 3D Revit, bn ch cn chun ha cc object, thm thng tin vn hnh cho object
v m hnh ca bn l c th xut v bn cho ch x. Vi d nu ch x qun l cng trnh
bng phn mm chuyn dng th bn bn u vo cho cc phn mm y. Cn nu ch x
qun l bng tay th bn c th bn mt s th nho nh di dng excel kiu nh:

Em a cho anh din tch b mt cn sn ca tng phng nh, nh con anh n

c ngoch ngoc ln tng th anh bit ngay bao nhiu sn alo mua. Anh
phi ko thc o li, mt phng cn c ch c 10 tng, 50 phng, ln xung l
anh xu .
Em a cho anh s lng bng n v m s tng u cm nh. Anh bit khng,
by gi nhiu loi n v nhiu loi u cm lm , nhiu n ni n ng k s
in ng cn khng nh ht. nh khi n b chy anh cn bit m s m mua
ch khng mua v lp khng vo u anh. , m ci n n cng c tui th
anh, em a anh bit khi no thay ch khng l y y xong bt n n li
khng sng th li phi y y tip, mt lm anh.

176

www.huytraining.com

Nhn tin em cng a cho thng s ca ci my nc nng, km lun vi ci my

iu ha v s in thoi anh bit m lin lc, h bo tr cho anh. Ch ang
tm m ht nc nng l anh b cm lnh . Hay bt iu ha m phng nng hn
l anh b st c chua lun .
cn b ca na anh, nh c b v knh th anh cn bit kch thc hay loi
no m thay ch ngi sang trng nh anh ai li cm thc m o.
y y, cc v d nho nh ca FM. y l cha k cc l phc tp khc nh ca
MEP hay hng vn th khc ca FF&E

Ni chung l c nhiu thng tin hu ch m mt khi c m hnh, bn c th trch ra

c cho cc nhu cu khc nhau. ng m hnh tnh, m hnh ch phc v 2D, bn hy
c gng lm m hnh sng, thm dn thm dn cc thng tin v trch ra s dng theo
nhu cu ca tng bn.
Bn c th bn thm cho ch x mt sn phm kt hp gia m hnh 3D, cng ngh AR
(va i trong m hnh va i ngoi thc t) v GIS qun l MEP nh ci cng trnh
ot gii vng v BIM 2016 (BIM dOr, Le Moniteur) Php va ri:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_RyKENfPos
Hay mt khi c m hnh ri, bn c th gi cho ch u t mt s cch sp xp v qun
l khng gian (space management). Hay m hnh theo di nng lng cc kiu ca ta
nh, hay...

177

www.huytraining.com

Hay thi, khng lm cc chuyn

chuy l t na, ta lm lun ci ln
n hn i chef. Nh l cng
trnh ca chef c s ha n tn ci c vt, chef c th kt ni
i ta nh vo internet,
chef c th iu khin, vn
n hnh ci nh ca
c chef bt c u b
t k khi no ch vi ci
in thoii chef. Ci ny th
th hi smart house phi gii chef b
bng c. y, tt c
nhng ci y l nh m hnh thng tin BIM ca
a em lm cho chef
y.

178

www.huytraining.com

Hay chef i, ci ny trn giang h

h ang n
n l Big Data, the Internet of Things. Nh
Nh BIM,
em bin ci cng trnh ca
a chef thnh mt
m Thing kt ni vi th gi
gii ha chef.

179

www.huytraining.com

26. Kt lun
Save the Best for Last, hay kiu ng b dn ming ngon nh sau cng , tic l bi
cui cng l ci mnh km nht. Nhng nh th cng hay, B hc l v b, t xc nh l
cn nhiu ci lm.
Voil, mnh ngh l i n cui chu trnh ca nhng ci gi l BIM, theo mt kiu xem
voi ca bn mnh. Tng lai th no th cha bit nhng hin ti th tm th , hy vng
cc chia s y mang n cho cc bn cht kin thc b ch. Mnh xin chm ht.
Cm n cc bn theo di v bn no c cu hi th xin c t nhin (gt u, ngng
u v ci, rt ng bi).
Lc u chp chng vit mnh khng ngh n di n th, ban u cng ch nh vit nm
by bi gii thiu s s, ch yu l cho cc bn tr bt u hc c ci nhn va tng quan
va thc t v BIM. Mc ch l gip cc bn bit Anh ngi ta xem BIM l th no, c
th tin hnh ra lm sao. T y, cc bn c th c thm mt ci nhn na v BIM bn
cnh ci cc bn c. C thm mt ci nhn na bao gi cng tt hn trong vic hiu v
la chn.
Dn dn th cng c mt s bn hi, trao i v ng vin. C bn bo l c xong thy
thay i nhn thc, c bn dng t cn gh hn theo kiu c bi thy thng no lm
mnh cng thy rng mnh, c bn bo l bn tit kim c vi nm tm ti, c bit c
mt bn gi cc k xinh p bo l em ang nh b ht nhng g lin quan n BIM
nhng m em ang suy ngh li Mnh bit r l l cc bn rt qu li nhng nhng
feedback kiu ny lm ngi vit phi cn thn v trch nhim hn. Nn ban u ch nh
c mi khi nim, dn dn chi tit hn nh thm v d, thm tham kho Tng ch vit
nh ngha, dn dn li thm cc ng dng v i mt mch n ht chu trnh lun nn n
mi c di nh by gi. Ni chung l hai bn thc y nhau pht trin, mnh cm n
cc bn v iu .
C mt s bn sinh vin vit th nh mnh gp v nh hng ngh. D nhin mnh
khng v tr lm tt chuyn ny, mnh mun lm ngi tr mi v trnh nhng li
khuyn. Mnh ch gp mt vi kinh nghim sau nhiu nm i lm, c bn khi nh
trng ln bn ngoi doanh nghip. Mnh chc chn l cc bn k s ngi Vit rt gii,
c v tin hc ln k thut. Ci cn thm ch l ci mi trng v quy trnh p vo l
ngang bng v hn cc bn ty ngay.
Vi cc quy nh v yu cu nh ca BIM Level 2 hin ti, y thc s l mt c hi cc
k tt cc bn tr hc v lm ng quy trnh. V d ch cn g nhiu, cc bn ch cn
lm m hnh cho ng hong, ng dng th thut, ng tt, ng theo tiu chun
ring ca bn, t tn, qun l theo ng cc standard. Bn ch cn thc c l sau
bn cn c ngi khc dng na, s thnh cng ca d n ph thuc vo cch di chut
hin ti ca bn. Dn dn, bn va gii k thut va tun th mi trng lm vic chung.
Vy l bn thnh cng dn ton cu, i u lm cng c.

180

www.huytraining.com

Chuyn tun th cc quy trnh, nguyn tc lm vic chung l bc u ca BIM. Nhc li

l cc bn BIM Manager phn ln l nhng ngi qun l thng tin ch khng phi l
ngi to ra thng tin. Ngi to ra thng tin l kin trc s, k s, cng nhn Nu
khng c m hnh thng tin tt th khng c BIM. Nu khng kin, khng k s th khng
c BIM ch khng phi l BIM Manager. Nn cc bn va u t chuyn ngnh, va th
hin kin thc bng cc cng ngh hin ti, vy l bn t tin i tng lng vi
chef . Bn ng tit kim 10% chi ph m b qua 30% li ch t vic lm ng chun.
Tm li, BIM khng ch gip bn theo c tro lu cng ngh m cn gip bn lm vic
chuyn nghip, quy c hn, hay l LEAN hn.
Bn cnh ngh gip cc bn tr c thm ci nhn khc, mnh ngh cng tt gip cc
bn chn ng sn phm cn mua. Hin ti, c v nh c mt s bn hoc c tnh hoc
hu dng BIM bn cc sn phm khc m ngi ta hay gi l BIM is just a sales
pitch . Tc l cc bn hoc l khng bit tht hoc l bit nhng c gn nhn BIM to
tng bn cc sn phm b to nh l ch dy vi ting Revit dng hnh chng
hn .
Trong cun BIM and Construction Management, Brad Hardin c mt so snh kh hay l I
do BIM ging nh I do the Internet, tc l khi bc nghe ai ni mnh ang lm BIM th
bc lin tng n vic lt nt, h h. Khi bn ln internet, bn c th lm nhiu
chuyn nh mua sm trn amazon, xem phim trn popcorntime, ln facebook hoc yahoo
cu nt hoc vo ketcau hc BIM hay gio ch nh bc Umy v d th, ni
chung l hm b lng, mi ngi mi s dng nhng ai cng lt net c. BIM cng vy,
cc bn c th thy l n bao trm c ngnh xy dng. Nn bn dy revit hay ci g cng
c, u lin quan n BIM nhng ng lm cc bn tr ng nhn BIM ch c th.
y, gip cc bn tr chn sn phm, t ry tr i, bn tr no ra trung tm m cc bn
trung tm c qun co BIM ny n l cc bn c th l l bit l hng u hay hng
tht m chn kha hc cho ng.
Voil, thc s l mnh ngh nhng g mnh gii thiu trn mi ch l mt phn rt nh v
bc u ca BIM, BIM dng cho dn dng. BIM cn c nhiu mng khc na nh BIM
cho giao thng, cu ng, qun l th... Hin mi ngi ang dn dn tng bc
bc vo th gii BIM. Hng ngy, hng lot cng ngh mi, ng dng mi ra i. y
thc s l c hi tt cc bn tr th hin kh nng ca mnh./.

181