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DM Multipath
Steven Levine
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Abstract
This bo o k pro vides info rmatio n o n using the Device Mapper Multipath feature o n Red Hat
Enterprise Linux 7.
T able of Contents
. .hapt
C
. . . .er
. .1. .. Device
. . . . . . Mapper
. . . . . . . Mult
. . . . ipat
. . . .hing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. . . . . . . . . .
1.1. New and Chang ed Features
2
1.2. O verview o f DM Multip ath
3
1.3. Sto rag e Array Sup p o rt
6
1.4. DM Multip ath Co mp o nents
6
1.5. DM Multip ath Setup O verview
7
. .hapt
C
. . . .er
. .2. .. Mult
. . . . ipat
. . . .h. Devices
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. . . . . . . . . .
2 .1. Multip ath Devic e Id entifiers
8
2 .2. Co ns is tent Multip ath Devic e Names in a Clus ter
8
2 .3. Multip ath Devic e Attrib utes
9
2 .4. Multip ath Devic es in Lo g ic al Vo lumes
9
. .hapt
C
. . . .er
. .3.
. .Set
. . .t.ing
. . . Up
. . . DM
. . . Mult
. . . . ipat
. . . .h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. 1. . . . . . . . . .
3 .1. Setting Up DM Multip ath
3 .2. Ig no ring Lo c al Dis ks when G enerating Multip ath Devic es
3 .3. Co nfig uring Sto rag e Devic es
3 .4. Setting Up Multip athing in the initramfs File Sys tem
11
12
14
15
. .hapt
C
. . . .er
. .4. .. T. he
. . . DM
. . . Mult
. . . . ipat
. . . .h. .Configurat
. . . . . . . . . ion
. . . File
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. 6. . . . . . . . . .
4 .1. Co nfig uratio n File O verview
16
4 .2. Co nfig uratio n File Blac klis t
17
4 .3. Co nfig uratio n File Defaults
19
4 .4. Multip aths Devic e Co nfig uratio n Attrib utes
28
4 .5. Co nfig uratio n File Devic es
32
. .hapt
C
. . . .er
. .5.
. .DM
. . . Mult
. . . . ipat
. . . .h. Administ
. . . . . . . . rat
. . .ion
. . . and
. . . .T. roubleshoot
. . . . . . . . . . . ing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
...........
5 .1. Auto matic Co nfig uratio n File G eneratio n with Multip ath Help er
39
5 .2. Res iz ing an O nline Multip ath Devic e
39
5 .3. Mo ving ro o t File Sys tems fro m a Sing le Path Devic e to a Multip ath Devic e
39
5 .4. Mo ving s wap File Sys tems fro m a Sing le Path Devic e to a Multip ath Devic e
41
5 .5. The Multip ath Daemo n
41
5 .6 . Is s ues with Larg e Numb er o f LUNs
42
5 .7. Is s ues with q ueue_if_no _p ath feature
42
5 .8 . Multip ath Co mmand O utp ut
42
5 .9 . Multip ath Q ueries with multip ath Co mmand
43
5 .10 . Multip ath Co mmand O p tio ns
44
5 .11. Determining Devic e Map p er Entries with the d ms etup Co mmand
44
5 .12. The multip athd Co mmand s
45
5 .13. Tro ub les ho o ting with the multip athd Interac tive Co ns o le
45
5 .14. Cleaning up Multip ath Files o n Pac kag e Remo val
46
. .ppendix
A
. . . . . . . A.
. . Revision
. . . . . . . . .Hist
. . . ory
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. 7. . . . . . . . . .
I.ndex
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. 7. . . . . . . . . .
DM Mult ipat h
1.1.1. New and Changed Feat ures for Red Hat Ent erprise Linux 7.1
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 includes the following documentation and feature updates and
changes.
Table 5.1, Useful mul ti path Command Options . now includes entries for the -w and -W
options of the mul ti path command, which allow you to better manage the wwids file.
Additional options for the val ues argument of the features parameter in the mul ti path. co nf
file are documented in Chapter 4, The DM Multipath Configuration File.
Table 4.1, Multipath Configuration D efaults . includes an entry for the fo rce_sync parameter,
which prevents path checkers from running in async mode when set to " yes" .
In addition, small technical corrections and clarifications have been made throughout the document.
1.1.2. New and Changed Feat ures for Red Hat Ent erprise Linux 7.2
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 includes the following documentation and feature updates and
changes.
This document includes a new section, Section 5.1, Automatic Configuration File Generation with
Multipath Helper . The Multipath Helper application gives you options to create multipath
configurations with custom aliases, device blacklists, and settings for the characteristics of
individual multipath devices.
The d efaul ts section of the mul ti path. co nf configuration file supports the new
co nfi g _d i r, new_bi nd i ng s_i n_bo o t, i g no re_new_bo o t_d evs, retri g g er_tri es, and
retri g g er_d el ays parameters. The d efaul ts section of the mul ti path. co nf file is
documented in Table 4.1, Multipath Configuration D efaults .
The d efaul ts, d evi ces, and mul ti paths sections of the mul ti path. co nf configuration file
now support the d el ay_watch_checks and d el ay_wai t_checks configuration parameters.
For information on the configuration parameters, see Chapter 4, The DM Multipath Configuration File.
In addition, small technical corrections and clarifications have been made throughout the document.
1.1.3. New and Changed Feat ures for Red Hat Ent erprise Linux 7.3
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3 includes the following documentation and feature updates and
changes.
The mul ti pathd command supports new format commands that show the status of multipath
devices and paths in " raw" format versions. In raw format, no headers are printed and the fields
are not padded to align the columns with the headers. Instead, the fields print exactly as specified
in the format string. For information on the mul ti pathd commands, see Section 5.12, The
multipathd Commands .
As of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3, if you specify pri o "al ua excl usi ve_pref_bi t" in your
device configuration, multipath will create a path group that contains only the path with the pref
bit set and will give that path group the highest priority. For information on the configuration
parameters, see Chapter 4, The DM Multipath Configuration File.
The d efaul ts, d evi ces, and mul ti paths sections of the mul ti path. co nf configuration file
now support the ski p_kpartx configuration parameter. For information on the configuration
parameters, see Chapter 4, The DM Multipath Configuration File.
In addition, small technical corrections and clarifications have been made throughout the document.
DM Mult ipat h
DM Mult ipat h
D escrip t io n
Reroutes I/O and supports failover for paths and path groups.
Configures and enables device mapper multipathing.
C o mp o n en t
D escrip t io n
kpartx command
DM Mult ipat h
DM Mult ipat h
Note
If you attempt to create an LVM physical volume on a whole device on which you have
configured partitions, the pvcreate command will fail. Note that the Anaconda and Kickstart
installation programs create empty partition tables if you do not specify otherwise for every
block device. If you wish to use the whole device rather than a partition, you must remove the
existing partitions from the device. You can remove existing partitions with the kpartx -d and
the fd i sk commands. If your system has block devices that are greater that 2Tb, you can use
the parted command to remove partitions.
When you create an LVM logical volume that uses active/passive multipath arrays as the underlying
physical devices, you should include filters in the /etc/l vm/l vm. co nf file to exclude the disks
that underlie the multipath devices. This is because if the array automatically changes the active path
to the passive path when it receives I/O, multipath will failover and failback whenever LVM scans the
passive path if these devices are not filtered. For active/passive arrays that require a command to
make the passive path active, LVM prints a warning message when this occurs.
To filter all SCSI devices in the LVM configuration file (l vm. co nf), include the following filter in the
d evi ces section of the file.
filter = [ "r/block/", "r/disk/", "r/sd.*/", "a/.*/" ]
10
11
DM Mult ipat h
Note
If you find that you need to edit the multipath configuration file after you have started the
multipath daemon, you must execute the servi ce mul ti pathd rel o ad command for the
changes to take effect.
3.2. Ignoring Local Disks when Generat ing Mult ipat h Devices
Some machines have local SCSI cards for their internal disks. D M Multipath is not recommended for
these devices. If you set the fi nd _mul ti paths configuration parameter to yes, you should not
have to blacklist these devices. For information on the fi nd _mul ti paths configuration parameter,
see Section 4.3, Configuration File D efaults .
If you do not set the fi nd _mul ti paths configuration parameter to yes, can use the following
procedure to modify the multipath configuration file to ignore the local disks when configuring
multipath.
1. D etermine which disks are the internal disks and mark them as the ones to blacklist.
12
In this example, /d ev/sd a is the internal disk. Note that as originally configured in the
default multipath configuration file, executing the mul ti path -v2 command shows the local
disk, /d ev/sd a, in the multipath map.
For further information on the mul ti path command output, see Section 5.8, Multipath
Command Output .
# mul ti path -v2
create: SIBM-ESXSST336732LC____F3ET0EP0Q000072428BX1 undef
WINSYS,SF2372
size=33 GB features="0" hwhandler="0" wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 0:0:0:0 sda 8:0 [--------device-mapper ioctl cmd 9 failed: Invalid argument
device-mapper ioctl cmd 14 failed: No such device or address
create: 3600a0b80001327d80000006d43621677 undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:0 sdf 8:80 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327510000009a436215ec undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:1 sdc 8:32 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:1 sdg 8:96 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327d800000070436216b3 undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:2 sdd 8:48 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:2 sdg 8:112 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327510000009b4362163e undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:3 sdd 8:64 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:3 sdg 8:128 undef ready running
2. In order to prevent the device mapper from mapping /d ev/sd a in its multipath maps, edit the
blacklist section of the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file to include this device. Although you
could blacklist the sd a device using a d evno d e type, that would not be a safe procedure
since /d ev/sd a is not guaranteed to be the same on reboot. To blacklist individual devices,
you can blacklist using the WWID of that device.
Note that in the output to the mul ti path -v2 command, the WWID of the /d ev/sd a device
is SIBM-ESXSST336732LC____F3ET0EP0Q000072428BX1. To blacklist this device, include
the following in the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file.
blacklist {
wwid SIBM-ESXSST336732LC____F3ET0EP0Q000072428BX1
}
13
DM Mult ipat h
3. After you have updated the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file, you must manually tell the
mul ti pathd daemon to reload the file. The following command reloads the updated
/etc/mul ti path. co nf file.
# servi ce mul ti pathd rel o ad
4. Run the following command to remove the multipath device:
# mul ti path -f SIBM-ESXSST 336 732LC ____F3ET 0 EP 0 Q 0 0 0 0 724 28BX1
5. To check whether the device removal worked, you can enter the mul ti path -l l command
to display the current multipath configuration. For information on the mul ti path -l l
command, see Section 5.9, Multipath Queries with multipath Command .
To check that the blacklisted device was not added back, you can enter the mul ti path
command, as in the following example. The mul ti path command defaults to a verbosity
level of v2 if you do not specify specify a -v option.
# mul ti path
create: 3600a0b80001327d80000006d43621677 undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:0 sdf 8:80 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327510000009a436215ec undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:1 sdc 8:32 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:1 sdg 8:96 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327d800000070436216b3 undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:2 sdd 8:48 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:2 sdg 8:112 undef ready running
create: 3600a0b80001327510000009b4362163e undef WINSYS,SF2372
size=12G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=undef
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=undef
|- 2:0:0:3 sdd 8:64 undef ready running
`- 3:0:0:3 sdg 8:128 undef ready running
14
the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file and insert the appropriate device information.
For example, to add information about the HP Open-V series the entry looks like this. This example
sets the device to queue for a minute (or 12 retries and 5 seconds per retry) after all paths have failed.
devices {
device {
vendor "HP"
product "OPEN-V"
no_path_retry 12
}
}
For more information on the d evi ces section of the configuration file, see Section 4.5,
Configuration File D evices .
3.4 . Set t ing Up Mult ipat hing in t he init ramfs File Syst em
You can set up multipathing in the i ni tramfs file system. After configuring multipath, you can
rebuild the i ni tramfs file system with the multipath configuration files by executing the d racut
command with the following options:
# d racut --fo rce --ad d mul ti path --i ncl ud e /etc/mul ti path
If you run multipath from the i ni tramfs file system and you make any changes to the multipath
configuration files, you must rebuild the i ni tramfs file system for the changes to take effect.
15
DM Mult ipat h
Note
You can run set up multipathing in the i ni tramfs file system. If you run multipath from the
i ni tramfs file system and you make any changes to the multipath configuration files, you
must rebuild the i ni tramfs file system for the changes to take effect. For information on
rebuilding the i ni tramfs file system with multipath, refer to Section 3.4, Setting Up
Multipathing in the initramfs File System .
This chapter provides information on parsing and modifying the mul ti path. co nf file. It contains
sections on the following topics:
Configuration file overview
Configuration file blacklist
Configuration file defaults
Configuration file multipaths
Configuration file devices
In the multipath configuration file, you need to specify only the sections that you need for your
configuration, or that you wish to change from the default values. If there are sections of the file that
are not relevant to your environment or for which you do not need to override the default values, you
can leave them commented out, as they are in the initial file.
The configuration file allows regular expression description syntax.
Further information about the configuration file can be found on the mul ti path. co nf(5) man
page.
16
17
DM Mult ipat h
/3600d0230000000000e13955cc3757800/
/3600d02300069c9ce09d41c31f29d4c00/
/SWINSYS SF2372
0E13955CC3757802/
/3600d0230000000000e13955cc3757803/
With the fi nd _mul ti paths parameter set to yes, you need to blacklist only the devices with
multiple paths that you do not want to be multipathed. Because of this, it will generally not be
necessary to blacklist devices.
If you do need to blacklist devices, you can do so according to the following criteria:
By WWID , as described in Section 4.2.1, Blacklisting by WWID
By device name, as described in Section 4.2.2, Blacklisting By D evice Name
By device type, as described in Section 4.2.3, Blacklisting By D evice Type
By default, a variety of device types are blacklisted, even after you comment out the initial blacklist
section of the configuration file. For information, see Section 4.2.2, Blacklisting By D evice Name .
18
blacklist {
devnode "^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"
devnode "^(td|ha)d[a-z]"
}
#DS4200 Product 10
}
device {
vendor "HP"
product "*"
}
}
19
DM Mult ipat h
defaults {
user_friendly_names yes
}
This overwrites the default value of the user_fri end l y_names parameter.
The configuration file includes a template of configuration defaults. This section is commented out,
as follows.
#defaults {
#
polling_interval
#
path_selector
#
path_grouping_policy
#
uid_attribute
#
prio
#
path_checker
#
rr_min_io
#
max_fds
#
rr_weight
#
failback
#
no_path_retry
#
user_friendly_names
#}
10
"round-robin 0"
multibus
ID_SERIAL
alua
readsector0
100
8192
priorities
immediate
fail
yes
To overwrite the default value for any of the configuration parameters, you can copy the relevant line
from this template into the d efaul ts section and uncomment it. For example, to overwrite the
path_g ro upi ng _po l i cy parameter so that it is mul ti bus rather than the default value of
fai l o ver, copy the appropriate line from the template to the initial d efaul ts section of the
configuration file, and uncomment it, as follows.
defaults {
user_friendly_names
path_grouping_policy
}
yes
multibus
Table 4.1, Multipath Configuration D efaults describes the attributes that are set in the d efaul ts
section of the mul ti path. co nf configuration file. These values are used by D M Multipath unless
they are overwritten by the attributes specified in the d evi ces and mul ti paths sections of the
mul ti path. co nf file.
T ab le 4 .1. Mu lt ip at h C o n f ig u rat io n D ef au lt s
At t rib u t e
po l l i ng _i nterval
mul ti path_d i r
20
D escrip t io n
Specifies the interval between two path checks in seconds. For
properly functioning paths, the interval between checks will
gradually increase to (4 * po l l i ng _i nterval ). The default
value is 5.
The directory where the dynamic shared objects are stored. The
default value is system dependent, commonly /l i b/mul ti path.
At t rib u t e
fi nd _mul ti paths
D escrip t io n
D efines the mode for setting up multipath devices. If this
parameter is set to yes, then multipath will not try to create a
device for every path that is not blacklisted. Instead multipath will
create a device only if one of three conditions are met:
- There are at least two paths that are not blacklisted with the
same WWID .
- The user manually forces the creation of the device by
specifying a device with the mul ti path command.
- A path has the same WWID as a multipath device that was
previously created. Whenever a multipath device is created with
fi nd _mul ti paths set, multipath remembers the WWID of the
device so that it will automatically create the device again as
soon as it sees a path with that WWID . This allows you to have
multipath automatically choose the correct paths to make into
multipath devices, without having to edit the multipath blacklist.
For instructions on the procedure to follow if you have previously
created multipath devices when the fi nd _mul ti paths
parameter was not set, see Section 4.2, Configuration File
Blacklist .
The default value is no . The default mul ti path. co nf file
created by mpathco nf, however, will enable fi nd _mul ti paths
as of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.
reassi g n_maps
verbo si ty
path_sel ecto r
21
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
path_g ro upi ng _po l i cy
D escrip t io n
Specifies the default path grouping policy to apply to unspecified
multipaths. Possible values include:
fai l o ver: 1 path per priority group.
mul ti bus: all valid paths in 1 priority group.
g ro up_by_seri al : 1 priority group per detected serial number.
g ro up_by_pri o : 1 priority group per path priority value.
Priorities are determined by callout programs specified as global,
per-controller, or per-multipath options.
g ro up_by_no d e_name: 1 priority group per target node name.
Target node names are fetched in
/sys/cl ass/fc_transpo rt/targ et*/no d e_name.
The default value is fai l o ver.
pri o
22
At t rib u t e
features
D escrip t io n
The default extra features of multipath devices, using the format:
" number_of_features_plus_arguments feature1 ..." .
Possible values for features include:
q ueue_i f_no _path, which is the same as setting
no _path_retry to q ueue. For information on issues that may
arise when using this feature, see Section 5.7, Issues with
queue_if_no_path feature .
retai n_attached _hw_hand l er: If this parameter is set to yes
and the SCSI layer has already attached a hardware handler to
the path device, multipath will not force the device to use the
hard ware_hand l er specified by the mul ti path. co nf file. If
the SCSI layer has not attached a hardware handler, multipath
will continue to use its configured hardware handler as usual.
The default value is no .
pg _i ni t_retri es n: Retry path group initialization up to n
times before failing where 1 <= n <= 50.
pg _i ni t_d el ay_msecs n: Wait n milliseconds between path
group initialization retries where 0 <= n <= 60000.
path_checker
23
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
fai l back
D escrip t io n
Manages path group failback.
A value of i mmed i ate specifies immediate failback to the highest
priority path group that contains active paths.
A value of manual specifies that there should not be immediate
failback but that failback can happen only with operator
intervention.
A value of fo l l o wo ver specifies that automatic failback should
be performed when the first path of a path group becomes active.
This keeps a node from automatically failing back when another
node requested the failover.
A numeric value greater than zero specifies deferred failback,
expressed in seconds.
The default value is manual .
rr_mi n_i o
rr_wei g ht
no _path_retry
24
At t rib u t e
fl ush_o n_l ast_d el
max_fd s
checker_ti meo ut
d ev_l o ss_tmo
hw_stri ng _match
D escrip t io n
If set to yes, the mul ti pathd daemon will disable queuing when
the last path to a device has been deleted. The default value is
no .
Sets the maximum number of open file descriptors that can be
opened by multipath and the mul ti pathd daemon. This is
equivalent to the ul i mi t -n command. As of the Red Hat
Enterprise Linux 6.3 release, the default value is max, which sets
this to the system limit from /pro c/sys/fs/nr_o pen. For earlier
releases, if this is not set the maximum number of open file
descriptors is taken from the calling process; it is usually 1024.
To be safe, this should be set to the maximum number of paths
plus 32, if that number is greater than 1024.
The timeout to use for prioritizers and path checkers that issue
SCSI commands with an explicit timeout, in seconds. The default
value is taken from sys/bl o ck/sd x/d evi ce/ti meo ut.
The number of seconds the SCSI layer will wait after a problem
has been detected on an FC remote port before failing I/O to
devices on that remote port. This value should be smaller than
the value of d ev_l o ss_tmo . Setting this to o ff will disable the
timeout. The default value is determined by the OS.
The number of seconds the SCSI layer will wait after a problem
has been detected on an FC remote port before removing it from
the system. Setting this to infinity will set this to 2147483647
seconds, or 68 years. The default value is determined by the OS.
Each device configuration in the d evi ces section of the
mul ti path. co nf file will either create its own device
configuration or it will modify one of the built-in device
configurations. If hw_stri ng _match is set to yes, then if the
vendor, product, and revision strings in a user's device
configuration exactly match those strings in a built-in device
configuration, the built-in configuration is modified by the options
in the user's configuration. Otherwise, the user's device
configuration is treated as a new configuration. If
hw_stri ng _match is set to no , a regular expression match is
used instead of a string match.
The hw_stri ng _match parameter is set to no by default.
d etect_pri o
ui d _attri bute
If this parameter is set to yes and the SCSI layer has already
attached a hardware handler to the path device, multipath will not
force the device to use the hard ware_hand l er specified by the
mul ti path. co nf file. If the SCSI layer has not attached a
hardware handler, multipath will continue to use its configured
hardware handler as usual. The default value is no .
If this is set to yes, multipath will first check if the device supports
ALUA, and if so it will automatically assign the device the al ua
prioritizer. If the device does not support ALUA, it will determine
the prioritizer as it always does. The default value is no .
Provides a unique path identifier. The default value is
ID _SER IAL.
25
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
fo rce_sync
d el ay_watch_checks
d el ay_wai t_checks
26
D escrip t io n
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.1 and later) If this is set to
" yes" , it prevents path checkers from running in async mode. This
means that only one checker will run at a time. This is useful in
the case where many mul ti pathd checkers running in parallel
causes significant CPU pressure. The default value is no .
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) If set to a value
greater than 0, the mul ti pathd daemon will watch paths that
have recently become valid for the specified number of checks. If
they fail again while they are being watched, when they next
become valid they will not be used until they have stayed up for
the number of consecutive checks specified with
d el ay_wai t_checks. This allows you to keep paths that may
be unreliable from immediately being put back into use as soon
as they come back online. The default value is no .
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) If set to a value
greater than 0, when a device that has recently come back online
fails again within the number of checks specified with
d el ay_watch_checks, the next time it comes back online it will
be marked and delayed and it will not be used until it has passed
the number of checks specified in d el ay_wai t_checks. The
default value is no .
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) If set to yes,
when the node is still in the i ni tramfs file system during early
boot, multipath will not create any devices whose WWID s do not
already exist in the i ni tramfs co py of the
/etc/mul ti path/wwi d s. This feature can be used for booting
up during installation, when multipath would otherwise attempt to
set itself up on devices that it did not claim when they first
appeared by means of the ud ev rules. This parameter can be set
to yes or no . If unset, it defaults to no .
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) The
retri g g er_tri es and retri g g er_d el ay parameters are
used in conjunction to make mul ti pathd retrigger uevents if
ud ev failed to completely process the original ones, leaving the
device unusable by multipath. The retri g g er_tri es parameter
sets the number of times that multipath will try to retrigger a
uevent if a device has not been completely set up. The
retri g g er_d el ay parameter sets the number of seconds
between retries. Both of these options accept numbers greater
than or equal to zero. Setting the retri g g er_tri es parameter
to zero disables retries. Setting the retri g g er_d el ay
parameter to zero causes the uevent to be reissued on the next
loop of the path checker. If the retri g g er_tri es parameter is
unset, it defaults to 3. If the retri g g er_d el ay parameter is
unset, it defaults to 10.
At t rib u t e
D escrip t io n
co nfi g _d i r
d eferred _remo ve
l o g _checker_err
ski p_kpartx
27
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
wwi d
al i as
D escrip t io n
Specifies the WWID of the multipath device to which the
mul ti path attributes apply. This parameter is mandatory for this
section of the mul ti path. co nf file.
Specifies the symbolic name for the multipath device to which the
mul ti path attributes apply. If you are using
user_fri end l y_names, do not set this value to mpathn; this
may conflict with an automatically assigned user friendly name
and give you incorrect device node names.
Specifies the default path grouping policy to apply to unspecified
multipaths. Possible values include:
fai l o ver = 1 path per priority group
mul ti bus = all valid paths in 1 priority group
g ro up_by_seri al = 1 priority group per detected serial number
g ro up_by_pri o = 1 priority group per path priority value
g ro up_by_no d e_name = 1 priority group per target node name
path_sel ecto r
fai l back
28
At t rib u t e
pri o
D escrip t io n
Specifies the default function to call to obtain a path priority
value. For example, the ALUA bits in SPC-3 provide an
exploitable pri o value. Possible values include:
co nst: Set a priority of 1 to all paths.
emc: Generate the path priority for EMC arrays.
al ua: Generate the path priority based on the SCSI-3 ALUA
settings. As of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3, if you specify pri o
"al ua excl usi ve_pref_bi t" in your device configuration,
multipath will create a path group that contains only the path with
the pref bit set and will give that path group the highest priority.
o ntap: Generate the path priority for NetApp arrays.
rd ac: Generate the path priority for LSI/Engenio RD AC controller.
hp_sw: Generate the path priority for Compaq/HP controller in
active/standby mode.
hd s: Generate the path priority for Hitachi HD S Modular storage
arrays.
features
29
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
no _path_retry
D escrip t io n
A numeric value for this attribute specifies the number of times the
system should attempt to use a failed path before disabling
queuing.
A value of fai l indicates immediate failure, without queuing.
A value of q ueue indicates that queuing should not stop until the
path is fixed.
rr_mi n_i o
rr_wei g ht
d el ay_watch_checks
d el ay_wai t_checks
d eferred _remo ve
30
At t rib u t e
D escrip t io n
ski p_kpartx
The following example shows multipath attributes specified in the configuration file for two specific
multipath devices. The first device has a WWID of 36 0 0 50 8b4 0 0 0 156 d 70 0 0 120 0 0 0 0 b0 0 0 0 and
a symbolic name of yel l o w.
The second multipath device in the example has a WWID of 1D EC _____321816 7584 74 and a
symbolic name of red . In this example, the rr_wei g ht attributes is set to pri o ri ti es.
multipaths {
multipath {
wwid
alias
path_grouping_policy
path_selector
failback
rr_weight
no_path_retry
}
multipath {
wwid
alias
rr_weight
}
}
3600508b4000156d70001200000b0000
yellow
multibus
"round-robin 0"
manual
priorities
5
1DEC_____321816758474
red
priorities
31
DM Mult ipat h
D escrip t io n
Specifies the vendor name of the storage device to which the
d evi ce attributes apply, for example C O MP AQ .
Specifies the product name of the storage device to which the
d evi ce attributes apply, for example HSV110 (C )C O MP AQ .
Specifies the product revision identifier of the storage device.
Specifies a regular expression used to blacklist devices by
product.
The user_fri end l y_names prefix to use for this device type,
instead of the default " mpath" .
Specifies a module that will be used to perform hardware specific
actions when switching path groups or handling I/O errors.
Possible values include:
1 emc: hardware handler for EMC storage arrays.
1 al ua: hardware handler for SCSI-3 ALUA arrays.
1 hp_sw: hardware handler for Compaq/HP controllers.
1 rd ac: hardware handler for the LSI/Engenio RD AC controllers.
32
At t rib u t e
path_g ro upi ng _po l i cy
D escrip t io n
Specifies the default path grouping policy to apply to unspecified
multipaths. Possible values include:
fai l o ver = 1 path per priority group
mul ti bus = all valid paths in 1 priority group
g ro up_by_seri al = 1 priority group per detected serial number
g ro up_by_pri o = 1 priority group per path priority value
g ro up_by_no d e_name = 1 priority group per target node name
path_sel ecto r
path_checker
33
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
features
D escrip t io n
The default extra features of multipath devices, using the format:
" number_of_features_plus_arguments feature1 ..." .
Possible values for features include:
q ueue_i f_no _path, which is the same as setting
no _path_retry to q ueue. For information on issues that may
arise when using this feature, see Section 5.7, Issues with
queue_if_no_path feature .
retai n_attached _hw_hand l er: If this parameter is set to yes
and the SCSI layer has already attached a hardware handler to
the path device, multipath will not force the device to use the
hard ware_hand l er specified by the mul ti path. co nf file. If
the SCSI layer has not attached a hardware handler, multipath
will continue to use its configured hardware handler as usual.
pg _i ni t_retri es n: Retry path group initialization up to n
times before failing where 1 <= n <= 50.
pg _i ni t_d el ay_msecs n: Wait n milliseconds between path
group initialization retries where 0 <= n <= 60000.
pri o
34
At t rib u t e
fai l back
D escrip t io n
Manages path group failback.
A value of i mmed i ate specifies immediate failback to the highest
priority path group that contains active paths.
A value of manual specifies that there should not be immediate
failback but that failback can happen only with operator
intervention.
A value of fo l l o wo ver specifies that automatic failback should
be performed when the first path of a path group becomes active.
This keeps a node from automatically failing back when another
node requested the failover.
A numeric value greater than zero specifies deferred failback,
expressed in seconds.
rr_wei g ht
no _path_retry
A numeric value for this attribute specifies the number of times the
system should attempt to use a failed path before disabling
queuing.
A value of fai l indicates immediate failure, without queuing.
A value of q ueue indicates that queuing should not stop until the
path is fixed.
rr_mi n_i o
d ev_l o ss_tmo
35
DM Mult ipat h
At t rib u t e
user_fri end l y_names
d etect_pri o
ui d _attri bute
d el ay_watch_checks
d el ay_wai t_checks
d eferred _remo ve
ski p_kpartx
D escrip t io n
If set to yes, specifies that the system should use the
/etc/mul ti path/bi nd i ng s file to assign a persistent and
unique alias to the multipath, in the form of mpathn. If set to no ,
specifies that the system should use use the WWID as the alias
for the multipath. In either case, what is specified here will be
overridden by any device-specific aliases you specify in the
mul ti paths section of the configuration file. The default value is
no .
If this parameter is set to yes and the SCSI layer has already
attached a hardware handler to the path device, multipath will not
force the device to use the hard ware_hand l er specified by the
mul ti path. co nf file. If the SCSI layer has not attached a
hardware handler, multipath will continue to use its configured
hardware handler as usual. The default value is no .
If this is set to yes, multipath will first check if the device supports
ALUA, and if so it will automatically assign the device the al ua
prioritizer. If the device does not support ALUA, it will determine
the prioritizer as it always does.
Provides a unique path identifier.
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) If set to a value
greater than 0, the mul ti pathd daemon will watch paths that
have recently become valid for the specified number of checks. If
they fail again while they are being watched, when they next
become valid they will not be used until they have stayed up for
the number of consecutive checks specified with
d el ay_wai t_checks. This allows you to keep paths that may
be unreliable from immediately being put back into use as soon
as they come back online.
(Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release 7.2 and later) If set to a value
greater than 0, when a device that has recently come back online
fails again within the number of checks specified with
d el ay_watch_checks, the next time it comes back online it will
be marked and delayed and it will not be used until it has passed
the number of checks specified in d el ay_wai t_checks.
If set to yes, multipathd will do a deferred remove instead of a
regular remove when the last path device has been deleted. This
ensures that if a multipathed device is in use when a regular
remove is performed and the remove fails, the device will
automatically be removed when the last user closes the device.
If set to yes, kpartx will not automatically create partitions on the
device. This allows users to create a multipath device without
creating partitions, even if the device has a partition table.
The following example shows a d evi ce entry in the multipath configuration file.
# }
# device {
# vendor
"COMPAQ "
# product
"MSA1000
"
# path_grouping_policy multibus
# path_checker tur
# rr_weight priorities
# }
#}
36
37
DM Mult ipat h
5.1. Aut omat ic Configurat ion File Generat ion wit h Mult ipat h Helper
You can generate a basic configuration for multipath devices on Red Hat Enterprise Linux with the
Multipath Helper application. The application gives you options to create multipath configurations
with custom aliases, device blacklists, and settings for the characteristics of individual multipath
devices. Upon completion, the application generates an installation script that includes the
configuration parameters you selected and it provides a mul ti path. co nf configuration file for
review.
The Multipath Helper application can be found at https://access.redhat.com/labsinfo/multipathhelper.
echo
echo
echo
echo
1
1
1
1
>
>
>
>
4. Resize your multipath device by executing the mul ti pathd resi ze command:
# mul ti pathd resi ze map multipath_device
5. Resize the file system (assuming no LVM or D OS partitions are used):
# resi ze2fs /d ev/mapper/mpatha
5.3. Moving root File Syst ems from a Single Pat h Device t o a Mult ipat h
Device
38
If you have installed your system on a single-path device and later add another path to the root file
system, you will need to move your root file system to a multipathed device. This section documents
the procedure for moving from a single-path to a multipathed device.
After ensuring that you have installed the d evi ce-mapper-mul ti path package, perform the
following procedure:
1. Execute the following command to create the /etc/mul ti path. co nf configuration file,
load the multipath module, and set chkco nfi g for the mul ti pathd to o n:
# mpathco nf --enabl e
For further information on using the mpathco nf command to set up multipathing, see
Section 3.1, Setting Up D M Multipath .
2. If the fi nd _mul ti paths configuration parameter is not set to yes, edit the bl ackl i st and
bl ackl i st_excepti o ns sections of the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file, as described in
Section 4.2, Configuration File Blacklist .
3. In order for multipath to build a multipath device on top of the root device as soon as it is
discovered, enter the following command. This command also ensures that
fi nd _mul ti paths will allow the device, even if it only has one path.
# mul ti path -a root_devname
For example, if the root device is /d ev/sd b, enter the following command.
# mul ti path -a /d ev/sd b
wwid '3600d02300069c9ce09d41c4ac9c53200' added
4. To confirm that your configuration file is set up correctly, you can enter the mul ti path
command and search the output for a line of the following format. This indicates that the
command failed to create the multipath device.
date
39
DM Mult ipat h
5.4 . Moving swap File Syst ems from a Single Pat h Device t o a
Mult ipat h Device
By default, swap devices are set up as logical volumes. This does not require any special procedure
for configuring them as multipath devices as long as you set up multipathing on the physical
volumes that constitute the logical volume group. If your swap device is not an LVM volume, however,
and it is mounted by device name, you may need to edit the /etc/fstab file to switch to the
appropriate multipath device name.
1. D etermine the WWID number of the swap device by running the /sbi n/mul ti path
command with the -v3 option. The output from the command should show the swap device in
the paths list.
You should look in the command output for a line of the following format, showing the swap
device:
WWID
For example, if your swap file system is set up on sd a or one of its partitions, you would see a
line in the output such as the following:
===== paths list =====
...
1ATA
WDC WD800JD-75MSA3
1:0:0:0 sda 8:0
...
WD-WMAM9F
2. Set up an alias for the swap device in the /etc/mul ti path. co nf file:
multipaths {
multipath {
wwid WWID_of_swap_device
alias swapdev
}
}
3. Edit the /etc/fstab file and replace the old device path to the root device with the multipath
device.
For example, if you had the following entry in the /etc/fstab file:
/dev/sda2 swap
swap
defaults
0 0
swap
defaults
0 0
40
41
DM Mult ipat h
Note
When a multipath device is being created or modified, the path group status, the dm device
name, the write permissions, and the dm status are not known. Also, the features are not
always correct.
42
# mul ti path -l l
3600d0230000000000e13955cc3757801 dm-10 WINSYS,SF2372
size=269G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
|-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=enabled
| `- 19:0:0:1 sdc 8:32 active ready running
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=enabled
`- 18:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 active ready running
3600d0230000000000e13955cc3757803 dm-2 WINSYS,SF2372
size=125G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=active
|- 19:0:0:3 sde 8:64 active ready running
`- 18:0:0:3 sdj 8:144 active ready running
D escrip t io n
-l
-l l
-f device
-F
-w device
-W
5.11. Det ermining Device Mapper Ent ries wit h t he dmset up Command
You can use the d msetup command to find out which device mapper entries match the multipathed
devices.
The following command displays all the device mapper devices and their major and minor numbers.
The minor numbers determine the name of the dm device. For example, a minor number of 3
corresponds to the multipathed device /d ev/d m-3.
# d msetup l s
mpathd (253:4)
mpathep1
(253:12)
mpathfp1
(253:11)
mpathb (253:3)
mpathgp1
(253:14)
mpathhp1
(253:13)
mpatha (253:2)
mpathh (253:9)
mpathg (253:8)
VolGroup00-LogVol01
(253:1)
mpathf (253:7)
43
DM Mult ipat h
VolGroup00-LogVol00
(253:0)
mpathe (253:6)
mpathbp1
(253:10)
mpathd (253:5)
5.13. T roubleshoot ing wit h t he mult ipat hd Int eract ive Console
The mul ti pathd -k command is an interactive interface to the mul ti pathd daemon. Entering this
command brings up an interactive multipath console. After executing this command, you can enter
hel p to get a list of available commands, you can enter a interactive command, or you can enter
C T R L-D to quit.
The mul ti pathd interactive console can be used to troubleshoot problems you may be having with
44
your system. For example, the following command sequence displays the multipath configuration,
including the defaults, before exiting the console.
# mul ti pathd -k
> > sho w co nfi g
> > C T R L-D
The following command sequence ensures that multipath has picked up any changes to the
mul ti path. co nf,
# mul ti pathd -k
> > reco nfi g ure
> > C T R L-D
Use the following command sequence to ensure that the path checker is working properly.
# mul ti pathd -k
> > sho w paths
> > C T R L-D
45
DM Mult ipat h
Wed N o v 9 2016
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.4 - 3
Mo n O ct 24 2016
Version for 7.3 GA publication
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.4 - 1
Mo n Au g 15 2016
Preparing document for 7.3 Beta publication
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.3- 6
Mo n N o v 9 2015
Preparing document for 7.2 GA publication
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.3- 3
Wed Au g 19 2015
Preparing document for 7.2 Beta publication.
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.2- 7
Version for 7.1 GA release
Mo n Feb 16 2015
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.2- 6
Version for 7.1 Beta release
T h u D ec 11 2014
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.1- 22
Version for 7.0 GA release
Mo n Ju n 2 2014
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.1- 10
7.0 Beta update
Wed Ap r 9 2014
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.1- 3
Version for 7.0 pre-Beta
T u e N o v 26 2013
St even Levin e
R evisio n 0.1- 1
Wed Jan 16 2013
St even Levin e
Branched from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 version of the document
Index
Symbols
/et c/mu lt ip at h .co n f p ackag e, Set t in g U p D M Mu lt ip at h
A
act ive/act ive co n f ig u rat io n
- definition, Overview of D M Multipath
- illustration, Overview of D M Multipath
act ive/p assive co n f ig u rat io n
- definition, Overview of D M Multipath
- illustration, Overview of D M Multipath
46
B
b lacklist
-
C
ch ecker_t imeo u t p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
co n f ig u rat io n f ile
- alias parameter, Multipaths D evice Configuration Attributes
- alias_prefix parameter, Configuration File D evices
- blacklist, Configuration File Blacklist
- checker_timeout parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- config_dir parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- deferred_remove parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- delay_wait_checks parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- delay_watch_checks parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- detect_prio parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice Configuration
Attributes
- dev_loss_tmo parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Configuration File D evices
- failback parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice Configuration
Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- fast_io_fail_tmo parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Configuration File D evices
- features parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice Configuration
Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- flush_on_last_del parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- force_sync parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- hardware_handler parameter, Configuration File D evices
- hw_string_match parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- ignore_new_boot_devs parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- log_checker_err parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- max_fds parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- new_bindings_in_boot parameter, Configuration File D efaults
- no_path_retry parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- overview, Configuration File Overview
- path_checker parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Configuration File D evices
- path_grouping_policy parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
- path_selector parameter, Configuration File D efaults, Multipaths D evice
Configuration Attributes, Configuration File D evices
47
DM Mult ipat h
D
d ef au lt s sect io n
- multipath.conf file, Configuration File D efaults
d ef erred _remo ve p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
d elay_wait _ch ecks p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
d elay_wat ch _ch ecks p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
d et ect _p rio p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es
d ev/map p er d irect o ry, Mu lt ip at h D evice Id en t if iers
d evice n ame, Mu lt ip at h D evice Id en t if iers
d evice- map p er- mu lt ip at h p ackag e, Set t in g U p D M Mu lt ip at h
d evices
- adding, Configuring Storage D evices, Configuration File D evices
d evices sect io n
- multipath.conf file, Configuration File D evices
d ev_lo ss_t mo p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
D M Mu lt ip at h
48
F
f ailb ack p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n
At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
f ailo ver, O verview o f D M Mu lt ip at h
f ast _io _f ail_t mo p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, C o n f ig u rat io n File
D evices
f eat u res p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n
At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
f eat u res, n ew an d ch an g ed , N ew an d C h an g ed Feat u res
f lu sh _o n _last _d el p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
f o rce_syn c p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
H
h ard ware_h an d ler p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
h w_st rin g _mat ch p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
I
ig n o re_n ew_b o o t _d evs p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
in it ramf s
- starting multipath, Setting Up Multipathing in the initramfs File System
K
kp art x co mman d , D M Mu lt ip at h C o mp o n en t s
L
lo cal d isks, ig n o rin g , Ig n o rin g Lo cal D isks wh en G en erat in g Mu lt ip at h D evices
lo g _ch ecker_err p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
LVM p h ysical vo lu mes
- multipath devices, Multipath D evices in Logical Volumes
lvm.co n f f ile , Mu lt ip at h D evices in Lo g ical Vo lu mes
49
DM Mult ipat h
M
max_f d s p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
mp at h co n f co mman d , D M Mu lt ip at h C o mp o n en t s
mu lt ip at h co mman d , D M Mu lt ip at h C o mp o n en t s
- options, Multipath Command Options
- output, Multipath Command Output
- queries, Multipath Queries with multipath Command
mu lt ip at h d aemo n ( mu lt ip at h d ) , T h e Mu lt ip at h D aemo n
mu lt ip at h d evices, Mu lt ip at h D evices
- logical volumes, Multipath D evices in Logical Volumes
- LVM physical volumes, Multipath D evices in Logical Volumes
Mu lt ip at h H elp er, Au t o mat ic C o n f ig u rat io n File G en erat io n wit h Mu lt ip at h H elp er
mu lt ip at h .co n f f ile, St o rag e Array Su p p o rt , T h e D M Mu lt ip at h C o n f ig u rat io n File
- blacklist_exceptions section, Blacklist Exceptions
- defaults section, Configuration File D efaults
- devices section, Configuration File D evices
- multipaths section, Multipaths D evice Configuration Attributes
mu lt ip at h d
- command, Troubleshooting with the multipathd Interactive Console
- interactive console, Troubleshooting with the multipathd Interactive Console
mu lt ip at h d d aemo n , D M Mu lt ip at h C o mp o n en t s
mu lt ip at h d st art co mman d , Set t in g U p D M Mu lt ip at h
mu lt ip at h ed ro o t f ile syst em, Mo vin g ro o t File Syst ems f ro m a Sin g le Pat h D evice t o
a Mu lt ip at h D evice
mu lt ip at h ed swap f ile syst em, Mo vin g swap File Syst ems f ro m a Sin g le Pat h D evice
t o a Mu lt ip at h D evice
mu lt ip at h s sect io n
- multipath.conf file, Multipaths D evice Configuration Attributes
N
n ew_b in d in g s_in _b o o t p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
n o _p at h _ret ry p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
O
o verview
- features, new and changed, New and Changed Features
P
p at h _ch ecker p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
p at h _g ro u p in g _p o licy p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
p at h _select o r p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
p o llin g _in t erval p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
p rio p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
50
Q
q u eu e_wit h o u t _d aemo n p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
R
reassig n _map s p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
resiz in g a mu lt ip at h d evice, R esiz in g an O n lin e Mu lt ip at h D evice
ret ain _at t ach ed _h w_h an d ler p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s
D evice C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es
ret rig g er_d elay p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
ret rig g er_t ries p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
revisio n p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
ro o t f ile syst em, Mo vin g ro o t File Syst ems f ro m a Sin g le Pat h D evice t o a Mu lt ip at h
D evice
rr_min _io p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n
At t rib u t es
rr_weig h t p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n
At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
S
set u p
- D M Multipath, Setting Up D M Multipath
skip _kp art xr p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice
C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
st o rag e array su p p o rt , St o rag e Array Su p p o rt
st o rag e arrays
- adding, Configuring Storage D evices, Configuration File D evices
swap f ile syst em, Mo vin g swap File Syst ems f ro m a Sin g le Pat h D evice t o a
Mu lt ip at h D evice
U
u id _at t rib u t e p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
u ser_f rien d ly_n ames p aramet er , Mu lt ip at h D evice Id en t if iers, C o n f ig u rat io n File
D ef au lt s, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
V
ven d o r p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D evices
verb o sit y p aramet er, C o n f ig u rat io n File D ef au lt s
W
Wo rld Wid e Id en t if ier ( WWID ) , Mu lt ip at h D evice Id en t if iers
wwid p aramet er, Mu lt ip at h s D evice C o n f ig u rat io n At t rib u t es
51