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Clown, jester, poetTenali Rama, minister in the court of the ruler of Vijaynagar,
Krishnadeva Rai (reign: 1509-30), was a lot of things. Stories, about Tenali Rama
and his practical jokes on everyone around him including distinguished fellow poets
and the emperor himself, abound in south India.
His fame spread beyond Vijaynagar (present-day Andhra Pradesh), to areas that
come in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka today. Tenali Rama was also a great scholar of
several languages that included Marathi, Tamil and Kannada.
King Krishnadeva Rai had some superior quality brinjal or aubergine plants growing
in his private garden. No one was allowed to view the garden without the king's
permission, let alone taste the brinjal.
Once the king invited his courtiers to a feast in which the brinjal was served. Tenali
Rama enjoyed the vegetable so much that he talked to his wife about it on returning
home - so much so that she insisted on tasting it.
"How can I get them for you?" Tenali Rama asked. "The king is so possessive about
the vegetable that he can detect the theft of even one brinjal from his garden. And,
I'm sure that he would want the thief's head chopped off right then, if he caught him
red-handed.
But Tenali's wife begged him to allow her to taste the brinjal.
Tenali Rama was helpless. After much deliberation, he agreed to his wife's demand.
One night he quietly jumped into the king's garden and plucked a few brinjals from
the garden. His wife cooked them with zeal and was all praise for the taste. She
wanted to let their six-year-old son also taste the vegetable, but Tenali Rama asked
her not to.
"Don't make such a mistake", he warned her. "If he happens to tell somebody, we
will be in deep trouble."
But his wife did not agree. "How is that possible? How can we eat something whose
taste we shall remember forever and not share it with our son! Find a way out so
that he gets to taste the vegetable and nobody is able to prove that we stole it from
the king's garden."
Tenali Rama had no option but to nod his head in agreement.
He filled a bucket with water and went upstairs to the roof where his son was
sleeping. He poured the water on the child. Then he picked up the child and said: "It
is raining. Let us go inside the house."
Once in, he got the child's clothes changed and gave him the vegetable to eat. He
again remarked that it was raining outside, and let the boy sleep in the room.
The next day the king came to know of the theft in his garden. The royal gardener
who kept a head count of each vegetable and flower, found one brinjal missing. It
became the talk of the town. The king declared a huge prize on the thief's head.
Chief Minister Appaji suspected that only Tenali Rama was capable of such an
audacious act. He let the king know about his suspicion.
The king said: "I know he is very clever and always gets out of charges on one
pretext or the other. It is better that we call his son. We will find the truth through
him. Tenali will lie to get out of any situation, but he would never ask the child to do
so."
Tenali Rama's son was called. He was asked what vegetable he ate the night before.
The child replied: "The brinjal and it was the tastiest vegetable I've ever eaten."
Chief Minister Appaji told Tenali Rama: "Now you will have to accept your guilt."
"Why should I when I'm not guilty?" replied Tenali Rama. "The boy went to sleep
very early last night and seems to have had many dreams. That is why he is talking
nonsense about brinjals and rain and what not. Ask him if it rained last night or not."
Appaji asked the child: "How was the weather last night? Was the sky clear or did it
rain?"
The child replied: "It rained heavily last night. All my clothes got wet when I slept on
the roof." The fact was, not a single drop of rain had fallen on Vijaynagar that day.
Appaji had no option but to get rid of his suspicions in the face of such apparent
madness.
He apologised to Tenali Rama for having suspected him
He was imagining himself with a long overcoat and a magnifying glass, one eye like a
miniature Sherlock Holmes. "Let's hunt in the bed clothes." To mother's dismay, the
two of them turned the pillows and bed covers upside down. They didn't find
anything.
"Follow me to the kitchen," Rahul instructed Ritu. "Maybe mother dropped it by
mistake when she was preparing breakfast."
Ritu obediently followed Rahul to the kitchen while mother was settling the bed
again. They looked into each and every nook and corner. Inspected the vessels and
passed some more comments on the quality of work their maid did. The wedding
chain was not in the kitchen.
They looked in the living room. Under the carpet. Behind the television and the
telephone. They shook out books that were lying face down that mother was reading.
They even very nearly ripped apart her knitting.
"Nothing here," said Ritu alarmed at what Rahul was doing. "I can see it's not in her
knitting. Don't drop any stitches, please or she'll be mad at us."
"Merely checking, merely checking," said Rahul. "Must be thorough in our work.
Mustn't leave a stone unturned." "Go turn over stones, then, but leave her knitting
alone," said his sister. Rahul thought it was good advice.
They searched every single room in the house but the wedding chain seemed to have
vanished into thin air. Eventually, mother sent them out to play in the garden.
"Let's play something new," said Ritu.
Like what?" "How about taking these broomsticks, putting them between our legs so
that the brush is at the back, like this, and zooming around like in that dracula movie
we saw the other day?"
Rahul decided to add his own bit to the new game.
"How about you being the only one racing around on the broomstick," he said, "and
I'll be the one running away from you. You've got to catch me. You be the witch on
the broomstick, and I'1l be the goblin who stole your hen which lays golden eggs".
"A witch owning a hen which lays golden eggs? I thought that was a giant who
owned the hen in Jack and the Beanstalk. Mummy's read that story to us so many
times that you can't fool me." Ritu tossed her head to prove her point and show just
how knowledgeable she was.
"This is another story," said Rahul determined to have his way.
"Will you tell me after we have finished playing?" asked Ritu.
"Sure, why not?" said Rahul. He knew quite well that his little sister would be so tired
after running around that she'd go straight off to sleep after her lunch. Maybe even
before her lunch. That would buy him time to squirm out of story telling.
"Then run, Goblin, I'm coming on my enchanted broomstick to catch you. And when
I do, you be my servant and cook and clean for me." Ritu was in the mood.
Rahul put on a burst of speed but it was of no use. Ritu was gaining on him. The end
of the broomstick rammed into Rahul's backside and sent him flying over the lawn.
When he got up, his mouth was bleeding. Ritu rushed to help him.
"I'm so sorry, Rahul. I didn't mean to hurt you," she said. "It was all a mistake."
Rahul nodded his head. He gave her a brave smile. "I'm going to rinse out my mouth
in the bathroom," he said. "Wait here for me."
He went straight to the washbasin, as his loose tooth had come out. Before he could
catch it, it went down the drain.
"Ritu, Ritu," he called from the bathroom window. "Check the drain. My tooth has
come down in it."
"Yes, Rahul," said Ritu. "Come quickly and help me." Ritu lifted off the cover of the
drain. What she saw made her gasp.
You guessed right. She not only found the tooth but also their mother's wedding
chain. It must have come loose when she was bathing. "Rahul, today is my lucky
day," she said.
"How's that? You nearly made me lose my tooth. Then I would not have got the
lucky, shining new one rupee coin from the Tooth Fairy." Rahul was shaken that he'd
nearly lost his tooth.
"Look in my left hand. Here's your silly tooth, and guess what's in my right hand?"
Ritu's eyes were dancing with joy.
"I give up. Show me," said her brother.
"Mother's chain," Ritu was thrilled.
They ran to mother.
"What's for lunch, mother? Can we have noodles?" asked Ritu.
"You'll have to finish all the vegetables I put into it, then," said Mother.
"Ugh, not carrots and beans," said Rahul. "Can't you put only some chicken into it?"
"Give me one good reason, and I will," said Mother. Ritu couldn't hide her surprise
any longer.
"How's this for a good reason?" she asked holding out her mother's wedding chain.
"My darlings," cried Mother, "You found it!"
"It was in the drain," explained Ritu.
"Why were you digging in the drain?" Mother was puzzled. "This is why," said Rahul.
He showed her the gap in his set of teeth, and the tooth in his hand. "I went to rinse
out my mouth and it went down the drain."
"What a good thing for me that boys like you believe in the Tooth Fairy," said Mother.
"I think she is watching us right now and will leave something more than a shining,
new one rupee coin, tonight."
I think so too, don't you?
Meanwhile, king Krishnadeva Rai had come to know that Tenali Rama was innocent
and that the courtiers had conspired against him. As soon as the messenger from the
neighbouring state reached him with costly gifts, he was delighted.
He was full of praise for Tenali Ramaa's wisdom and sent his own minister with gifts
to the neighbouring state, with a request that the king send back Tenali Ram.
And when Tenali Rama returned to Vijaynagar, King Krishnadeva Rai warmly
welcomed him and offered him gifts.
He also promised to punish the clique of courtiers who had poisoned his ear against
his favourite minister.
No Mooli, No Recipe
"I've never eaten anything more tasty in my life!" declared Raman, who had just
returned from his friend's house.
"What did you eat?" asked his wife.
"Mooli (radish) halwa," Raman said, smacking his lips.
"Mooli! Whoever has heard of halwa being made from mooli! It must have been
something else," said his wife disbelievingly.
She just could not understand how anyone could make halwa out of mooli.
Nevertheless, her curiosity was aroused and next day she asked him to get her the
recipe from his friend and some moolis from the market.
"Where are the moolis?" she asked, when he returned.
"You see," he explained, "while I was returning from the market, a goat snatched the
moolis away."
Annoyed at his carelessness, she said "Have you brought thr recipe?"
"Well, I thought," said Raman with a shrug, "The recipe is of no use without moolis,
so I let the starving animal eat that too."
When Raman was a boy, his neighbour once took him to the house of a rich and
powerful landlord.
"He's a prodigy," the neighbour told the landlord.
"I've never seen a more intelligent boy. He has an answer for everything!"
The landlord was a proud and haughty man who thought himself the only intelligent
person in the country. He was not at all pleased to hear his visitor praise Raman.
"He doesn't look very intelligent, " he said, glancing at Raman. "In any case the more
intelligent a boy is, the duller he becomes as a man!"
"Is that true?" asked Raman, with an air of innocence. "Then, sir, as a boy you must
have been even more intelligent than I am!"
Honest Opinion
A poet visited Tenali Raman hoping to impress him with some poems he had written.
Raman asked him to leave the poems with him and promised to read them later. The
man, however, insisted on reading out the poems to him.
As the poet droned on Raman fell asleep. When he woke up, the poet asked: "Sir,
shall I read the poems again?"
"Why? I've already given you my opinion, haven't I?"
"No, Sir," said the man. "You fell asleep."
"That's right," replied Raman. "When I fell asleep I gave my opinion."
Your Majesty I need a thousand gold coins and a years time to prove my theory to
you.
Thus the King agreed. After taking the money, Tenali did not appear in the court for a
whole year. He engaged himself in constructing a large palatial and beautiful house.
Its interiors where colourful and attractive. The house had a room with a large
mirror affixed to a wall. The other walls were adorned by beautiful paintings.
At last a great and beautiful house was ready. After a year Tenali disguised himself as
a sage. He went to the kings court. No one, not even the king could recognize him.
The sage approached the king and said, Your majesty I have built a beautiful house
for myself. I stay and pray there. My devotion has impressed God, He appears to me
everyday in one of the rooms. I request you to feel free to see God for yourself. But
he is only visible to those who lead a righteous life and have never lied in their lives.
The king agreed to visit the sages house. To test the sages words, the king first sent
a minister into the house. The minister admired the beautiful house and then
reached the room fitted with the mirror. When he stood before the mirror he saw his
own reflection. He did not see any God. Now he was afraid to tell the truth to the
king. He came our of the house and lied. He said you majesty the sage is correct. I
saw the God in the wall. I am so overwhelmed with emotions.
To confirm once more the king sent another minister to go in. The second minister
also saw his own reflection. He did not see God but was not courageous enough to
tell the truth. He, too came out and lied.
Oh your majesty It was the glorious experience. I have no words to describe the
words exactly. Now the king thought, Hmmm, now I must go and check the truth
so the king went to the sages home and when the king stood before the mirror, he
too was faced by his own reflection, At this he thought, According to the sage, only a
person who has never lied, can see God in this wall. Now if I tell them I did not see
God, theyll think that I am a liar.. The king went out of the room. He went to the
sage and said, you are right sir I saw God in that wall of the room. I am feeling so
blessed.
Your majesty are you sure you saw the God?? Asked the sage. Yes I did replied the
king.
You see God in that wall of the room, didnt you? The sage asked again. The king
replied positively yet the sage posed the same question again. This angered the king.
How dare you suspect my answer? If you were not a holy person then I would have
never forgive you.
The sage smiled and pulled out his beard. Tenali Raman now stood before the king.
He said, Your majesty you had insisted and I have believed that you as a king would
never lie. Your ministers were liars but you too, behaved like them. Now do you
accept that everyone is a liar sometime or the other. King accepted his defeat and
felt ashamed of his conduct
Imperial Ban
Tenali Raman was the favorite fool of the Emperor and often presumed to make fun
of proud nobles. Sometimes, he even had no respect for the Emperor himself. For
fear of his jigs advisors told the Emperor, Krishna Deva Raya, about some of his acrid
jokes and prevailed on him to forbid the fool to enter the palace at least for the
period of the spring festival.
The Emperor took their advice and said strictly,
"You must not even look into the palace! If you go against my wish, you will be given
a sound beating."
On the next day, just before the festival began, the advises reported to Emperor
Raya that Tenali Raman was in the palace and was amusing courtiers with jokes.
"Ah! He broke his ban!" burst out the Emperor with indignation and hurried to the
hall. Clasping the baculus and gathering his brows, he ranged his eyes round the hall
andburst out laughing. The Emperor's fool was pacing the hall with a big pot on his
head. The pot fully covered his eyes. Tanali Raman was immediately forgiven and
amply rewarded by the Emperor
dawn. Kindly help me quick and little more like sprinkling chillies on the wounds of
burglars.
Both of them were stunned on hearing Ramalingas voice. They told each other,
Run! It is Ramalinga! and sped away crossing the wall with all the tired bodies.
The so-called argument of the thieves about the art of stealing and their expertise
did not work on Ramalinga at least
All the attempts to trap Ramalinga and cut down his image before the King Rayalu by
the envied courtiers and poet Rama Raja Bhushana blew off like a piece of raw cotton
in Ramalingas intelligence whirlwind
the celestial sacrifice, killing Thataka, releasing Ahalya from curse, Ramas marriage
with Seetha breaking Lord Shivas bow, and Ramas migration to forests along with
Seetha and Lakshmana on stepmother Kaikas wish.
Ramalinga was narrating the episodes with an excellent expression and mannerism
in a right modulation. Nowhere, Kanchana Mala looked to be satisfied as she was
commenting You are not satisfying me. He advanced with the story narration about
Ravanasura kidnapping Seetha, Rama killing Vali, deploying Hanuman to Lanka with
the assistance of Sugreeva. Again Mala screamed, I am not satisfied with your
performance.
Controlling himself from exploding with anger, Ramalinga convinced her Kanchana
Mala! You are telling me that you are not satisfied with my performance. However,
this would be the best of performance on earth. OK. Let us leave that. Now get
ready, you will witness Ramayana happening in front of you.
Heheheheyeah please continue, I am in fact waiting for that, she said.
Ramalinga jumped on to her selectively decorated cot and said, This is how
Hanuman jumped on to the Peak of Mahendra Mountain. Standing erect on the bed
he took another flight and landed on another cot, Like this Hanuma jumped on to
another mountains peak. From there he jumped close to Kanchana Mala and started
throwing powerful fists on her back, this was how Hanuman hit Lankini, who blocked
his way from entering Lanka.
Mala started shouting to the top of her voice, Oh God! Mother! This man is killing
me. Ramalinga in a commanding tone, I told you not to hinder me in the middle.
Now shut your mouth, Listen completely jumping like an ape, Ramalinga took out a
lighted wisp hanging from the wall. Hanuman returning from the Ashoka garden
after visiting Seetha started torching Lanka and its men like this he gave fire to
Malas clothes and ignited almost all the clothes and inflammables in the house.
While Mala was attempting to extinguish fire on her clothes, Ramalinga repeated
beating her all over stating that was how Hanuman thumped the demons in Lanka.
Mala other than shouting loudly and protecting her from the fire could not do
anything.
Few seconds later, after lighting all the household material, Ramalinga coolly went to
the backyard stood near the well, this is how Hanuman put out the fire set to his tail
by the demons and started taking bath drawing water from the well.
Looking at the house in fire, Kanchana Mala went astray and ran out of the house
like a mad woman. Ramalingas sarcastic comments irked her further more, Who
else can narrate Ramayana so lively Kanchana Mala, did you enjoy that?
Cursing, yelling, screaming Kanchana Mala said, fraud, cheat, he said he will recite
Ramayana for me and set the house on fire. With disturbed clothes and hair, she ran
to he local Court of Law and approached the judge. She sought justice from the
judge explaining the whole episode. Meanwhile, Ramalinga reached there without
any tension appearing on his face.
The Judge questioned Ramalinga, What is your answer to her allegations?
Ramalinga folded hands at the Judge and appealed, Your Majesty! I do not bear any
fault with me. It was she, who wished to witness a lively Ramayana recital to her
satisfaction. Describing all the past and present deeds of Kanchana Mala,
Ramalinga said, Mr Justice! I believe I am not at fault. In case the honourable court
finds any, I am ready to take the punishment. The Judge understood that it was the
wicked and proud nature of Kanchana Mala, which brought her to this turn of life. He
scolded her for cheating and humiliating scholars and learned persons in the name of
Ramayana recital and rewards. The judgement made it clear that Ramalinga did not
have any fault to punish and freed him. In addition to this, the verdict released all
the learned men who were serving her as servants and slaves. Ramalinga received
all the appreciations from the people of the town.
Sure! Sastry answered with all pride and proud filled tone, you dont have to
hesitate any more.
What is the grammatical rule and theory to be followed for a word, Thriyambaka
Ramalinga furnished his suspicion.
Rama Sastry moved his body as if he was in laughter within. Later, he said that is
that a doubt? Dont you know even that? Thri + Ambaka= Thriyambaka. This is
known as Dwigu Samasam (A theoretical regulation in Telugu (Andhra) Grammar for
combining two meaningful words into one.) God! How is that you are placed so high
without knowing such a common basic, strange! commented Sastry.
Hey! Is that all? Ramalinga was ready for another bout of sarcasm, If this is what
you know, and can define then your scholarship is like a dead wood.
When the two were about to get into the actual and real round of debate and
discussion, King Rayalu stopped them and adjourned the competitive session for the
next day, as he was to take care of administrative and other affairs.
News spread in the city like wildfire that Ramalinga and Rama Sastry are about to
have a literary war in the Bhuvana Vijayam, the next day enthusiasts, scholars,
poets, composers and others flooded into the galleries of the court.
When almost all the distinguished personalities of Bhuvana Vijayam including the
visitor Rama Sastry, King Rayalu entered the court and occupied the royal throne. All
those present in the court saluted the King and took their respective seats.
Ramalinga was not seen, and noticing this Rama Sastry grinned within. Sastry
thought Ramalinga was scared and was not present. Just then, Ramalinga carrying
something fastened in a nice cloth entered in a hurry and sat after saluting the King
and the court.
Those present in the galleries whispered among them looking at Ramalinga
surprisingly. After the King waved for continuation of the debate and discussion,
Rama Sastry questioned, Ramalinga can I know what is the title of the book you
carried in? Ramalinga not hesitating a moment replied, This is king of standard
books titled, Thilakashta Mahisha Bandhanam. Rama Sastry puzzled on hearing
such title, curiously he leaned forward and repeated, What? Thilakashta Mahisha
Bandhanam?
Yes! Mr Rama Sastry! Ramalinga said, Thilakashta Mahisha Bandhanam! Havent
you read this book earlier? Presuming that this standard book would be helpful for
our debate and discussion, I brought this along.
Rama Sastry could not figure out what to do. First, he never knew that such books of
standards existed, secondly, Ramalinga brought that along with him. What to do if
he countered my argument and presented one or the other citations from the book in
support of his counter-argument? I will be closed and my skills and expertise,
command would never be respected again. Rama Sastry thought for a while and
decided to do something. Turning towards the King Rayalu he said, My Lord!
Ramalinga brought Thilakashta Mahisha Bandhanam with him to standardise his
argument and counter-argument in the session. That being the case, I should also
bring some standard books to support my logic and reasoning. If the King kindly
grant me permission to bring those from my guest accommodation, I would return
immediately
King Rayalu acceded his plea and consented, Its alright, proceed. Rama Sastry
threw himself out of the court like a whirlwind.
Time was passing by and Rama Sastry did not return. Rayalu was compelled to
postpone the session for the next day, as the session cannot continue without the
competitors presence.
The next morning, again the court was waiting for Rama Sastry. He never appeared.
King Rayalu ordered his soldiers to verify and inform the court about the
disappearance of Rama Sastry. Soldiers returned like a ball hit to the wall and
explained that Rama Sastry in the dark of the night went away with his luggage.
Probably this could be the result of the realisation that, he is definite to lose in the
debate and discussion. From protecting himself from the humiliation, Rama Sastry
should have left not informing anyone.
The total presence in the Bhuvana Vijayam including King Rayalu could not stop
getting into laughter. Looking appraisingly at Ramalinga, Rayalu said it was an
excellent performance.
Ramalinga! Rayalu asked, Recite to the court some good contents of the book you
brought along, Thilakashta Mahisha Bandhanam, to the court.
HahahahahHahhahaha Ramalinga said, with all due respects to the King, is that
you also mistook this bundle to be a book? Look at this and opened the bundle.
Again there was hilarity in the court, as it was a book, it was a tender Sesamum
plant tied with reign rope for buffalos. Both were fastened in a nice cloth. Looking at
the contents of the bundle, there was amusement for the courtiers and onlookers.
Ramalinga explained, Thilakashta means a Sesamum plant and Mahisha
Bandhanam, a rope used for tying a buffalo, both put together, Thilakashta Mahisha
Bandhanam. That is it all. No standards and no books. Rama Sastry fell into dilemma
on hearing this name, he did not try to take the title and think. In all confusion, he
fled the city.
King Sri Krishna Deva Rayalu appreciated the intellect of Ramalinga and felicitated
him for protecting the reputation of Bhuvana Vijayam. That was how, Ramalinga won
the battle long before drawing any sword!
and asked, Ramalinga! What are you doing to the dog? With all natural submission
Ramalinga told, I am transforming this black dog into a white cow.
Rayalu laughing sarcastically, Ramakrishnahahahahhahahahahow can this black
dog, perhaps, any dog turn into a white cow if you chant some hymns after giving it
a dip in the holy river?
Innocently Ramalinga said, King of Kings! Kindly forgive me for my foolishness. But,
why cant this black dog be turned into a white cow, when a barber is being
transformed into a Brahmin?
King Rayalu stopped laughing and started to think. He understood that Ramalinga
was doing this to open his eyes. Immediately he called the barber and told him, Hey
You barber, it is not possible to turn you as a Brahmin. Leaving this desire ask for
another one.
The barber submissively saluted, Master! I am happy with your kindness, I do not
need anything and left for home. Rayalu as usual, felicitated Ramalinga for opening
his eyes and protecting from doing things against the Dharma.