Early Minoan and Middle Minoan Pottery Groups at Knossos

Author(s): G. Cadogan, P. M. Day, C. F. MacDonald, J. A. MacGillivray, N. Momigliano, T. M.

Whitelaw and D. E. Wilson
Source: The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 88 (1993), pp. 21-28
Published by: British School at Athens
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30064356
Accessed: 11-05-2015 04:28 UTC

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/
info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content
in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.
For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.

British School at Athens is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Annual of the British
School at Athens.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

EARLY MINOAN AND MIDDLE MINOAN POTTERY

GROUPS AT KNOSSOS
WE dedicate this article to Sinclair Hood in gratitude for all that he has taught us about
the early pottery of Minoan Knossos and how to understand it, and for letting us
examine the pottery from his excavations, a task made all the easier because of his
careful and perceptive analysis of the stratigraphy.
Recent studies of Pre-palatial and Old Palace period pottery groups from Knossos,
already published (Momigliano 1991; Wilson 1985) or appearing shortly (Day,
forthcoming; Day and Wilson, forthcoming; Hood and Cadogan, forthcoming;
Macdonald, forthcoming; MacGillivray,forthcoming; Momigliano, forthcoming; Wilson,
forthcoming; Wilson and Day 1994; forthcoming), have so changed or revised parts of
the Early Minoan and Middle Minoan sequence of Evans (1906; 1921-35) and
Mackenzie (1903; 1906) that a restatement of the Knossos sequence, with agreement on
the nomenclature and status of particular deposits from those studying this pottery, was
necessary. These changes are particularly noticeable for the Old Palace period, but they
have also occurred in studies of pre-palatial pottery from Knossos, much of which Evans
defined (in ThePalace of Minos, i; 192 1) in terms of Early Minoan pottery from elsewhere
in Crete. The result is often that it is hard to know if the different uses of terms are
merely changes of nomenclature that do not affect our understanding of the history of
Knossos, or matters of substance. If the validity of Evans's scheme has been uncertain at
Knossos, it is all the more so in the rest of Crete, where archaeologists have used and
adapted his terms to describe non-Knossian material that may not fit the Knossos
sequence.
The way to resolve these dilemmas is to identify and define the local ceramic
sequences of the different regions of Crete, as Andreou (1978) and Zois (1967; 1969)
have pointed out, and then to see how they relate to each other-through the study of
imports, exports, and parallels-so as to assemble a general picture of the ceramic
development and cultural history of Crete in the late fourth to early second millennia
BC. At Knossos the task has been to establish the relative sequence of the development of
the pottery, which was a principal aim of Hood's excavations in 1957-61 (Hood 1961-2;
1966). The approach adopted for this study has been to examine the most coherent
groups of pottery, many of which are being studied for imminent publication or have
recently been studied. The intention has been to place them in a sequence governed by
their continuities and changes, and where possible by stratigraphy, without recourse to
the often altered and possibly prejudicial 'Minoan' terms that are commonly used to
describe them.
In July 1992 the authors, who (except for Whitelaw, who served as an independent
arbiter) are publishing Pre-palatial and Old Palace period pottery from Knossos, met at
Knossos to consider which Pre-palatial and Old Palace period pottery groups make a
sound sequence, to decide on common terminologies and definitions, and to share ideas
on the integrity and representativeness of individual deposits, by drawing on their
extensive and complementary knowledge of the deposits at Knossos and of the

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

22

G. CADOGAN

ET AL.

documentation.' This brief review,therefore, provides a framework and serves as a common

introduction to the various detailed studies of components of the Knossian ceramic
sequence, which have appeared, are in press, or are forthcoming from the authors.
During the meeting, groups of pottery were strewn on the tables in the Stratigraphical
Museum (KSM), with several deposits laid out at a time so that their similarities and
differences could be assessed. Our overall aim was to identify distinctive points in the
sequence of the continuous ceramic development of Knossos. To determine the
chronological relationship between assemblages of pottery from the palace site, or outside
it, stratigraphiclinkages were built upon where available. Study began with an assessment of
the nature and context of each deposit. If it was a fill, was it mixed or apparently of one
ceramic phase? What material from elsewhere at Knossos could be related to it to form a
group? How close were the similarities to the groups that we thought came before and
after? And could we identify significant breaks in the sequence, where deposits are lacking
at present to document the full history of ceramic development at Knossos?
Because of this approach, our review resulted in a surprising unanimity. This would
have been impossible if we had started with the aim of seeing what material most closely
matched the different parts of Evans's sequence (Evans 1906; 1921).
We reviewed the first seven groups in our list by starting from an examination of wares
and fabrics. Wilson (1985) has published the pottery from the West Court House by
ware groups. Now, led by Day, we reviewed the first seven groups in our list in a similar
way. Day and Wilson (forthcoming) first divided these groups into wares, based on
technology and surface decoration, and then subdivided these by fabrics identified
macroscopically. In their forthcoming study they have sampled these pottery categories,
using petrographic characterization of the pastes to investigate local clay sources and
pottery technology. The advantages of such an approach in considering the Early
Minoan sequence have become clear, and the authors hope that it may be extended to
the Middle Minoan and later deposits.2
In a period such as Early Minoan, when many types continued in use for long periods
of time, ware characterization provides a more comprehensive view of the overall pottery
assemblage than can be gained concentrating on the development of a single shape or
decorative scheme. It tends to facilitate the identification of ceramics imported from
other centres of production on Crete, giving an idea of trade and exchange relations
between regions of the island. In addition, through examination of the interplay of these
different aspects of the pottery assemblage-ware,
type, fabric and microscopic
on
information
obtain
characterization-we
increasing standardization and
may
the
pre-palatial and Old Palace periods.
specialization in pottery production during
The deposits we examined come both from recent excavations and from those of
Evans that are well documented. We should like to emphasize that this is not intended to

I Stelios
Andreou, Sinclair Hood, and Peter Warren
were unable to attend; we are grateful for their helpful
comments on this paper. The following special
abbreviations are used:

KSM = J. D. S. Pendlebury et al. (1933-5), A Guide to the

StratigraphicalMuseum in the Palace at Knossos:Dating of
the Pottery in the Stratigraphical Museum, i-ii; iii: The
Plans (London).

KP = M. S. F. Hood and W. Taylor (1981), TheBronzeAge

Palace at Knossos(BSA supp. vol. 13).
KS = M. S. F. Hood and D. Smyth (1981), Archaeological
Surveyof theKnossosArea (2nd edn; BSA supp. vol. 14).

2 Day and Wilson (forthcoming) have done this for

deposits from latest neolithic to the end of the Prepalatial period at Knossos.

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

EARLY MINOAN

AND MIDDLE MINOAN

POTTERY AT KNOSSOS

23

be a comprehensive study of the groups and of the problems associated with them. We
should emphasize, too, that many of these groups are single, and not equally spaced, points
on the long line of the ceramic history of the town and palace of Knossos, for which there is
not yet an independent Knossos-based carbon-14 chronology. They cannot fully represent
all the changes in the continuous process of development. We have prepared our scheme
primarilyfor use at Knossos, and have agreed upon it as a framework for further study and
publication. Of course we are aware of the problems of studying Minoan pottery from
Knossos: for example, deposits are often small; some have been heavily selected which
makes the desirable use of quantitative data extremely difficult; and it is not alwayseasy to
determine the nature of deposits from different locations of the site, and hence to relate
them to other deposits. It may be that some of the differences are not chronological but
functional. Nonetheless these caveats should not prevent scholars from trying to construct
sequences that appear reasonable at any one time.
After the latest neolithic pottery, we see the groups listed below in chronological
sequence as defining the pottery sequence of Knossos from Early Minoan I until the end
of the Old Palace period. We have not numbered our sequence, so that it will be easy to
insert new groups defined in the future.
This work is a first step towards any restatement of the Knossos sequence that uses
Evans's long-established and widely utilized terminology in a precise and agreed way.We
have attempted such a restatement in TABLE1.
PALACE WELL

Location:KP 183.
Excavation:Hood 1959.
Hood 1961-2; 1966; 199oa, b.
Bibliography:
Context homogeneous fill of well with debris from destruction by fire, together with a few pots
from the use level.
Previouschronologicalattribution:EM I (Hood 1961-2); EM I A (Hood 1966).
Relateddeposits:trial in Nw corner of Palace (Hood 1987 excavation: D.I).
Plannedpublication:Hood and Cadogan, forthcoming.
Commentthe earliest group of Minoan pottery yet found at Knossos.
WEST COURT,

TRENCH

FF

Location:
(a) Trench FF:West Court.
(b) Magazine XVI: KSMD.XX.2; KP53.
(c) Area of Pictographic Tablets: KSMD.III.1; KP 147.
(d) North-east Quarter: KSMK.II.1; KP 189.
(e) South Propylaeum: KSMG.II.2; KP 32.
Excavation:(a) J. D. Evans 1969; (b) A.J. Evans 1903; (c) A.J. Evans 1904; (d) ibid.; (e) A.J. Evans
1925.
Bibliography:(a) J. D. Evans 1971; Wilson 1985; (b) Wilson 1984, 157-8; (d) ibid. 159-64; (e)
ibid. 158-9.
Context (a) homogeneous fill from a burnt destruction above latest neolithic and beneath EM II
A-MM fill; (b) largely homogeneous fill; (c) mixed fill; (d) homogeneous fill; (e) mixed fill.
Previous chronologicalattributions:(a) EM I B (Wilson 1985, 359-60); (b) EM I B (Wilson 1984,
157-8); (d) EM I B (ibid. 159-64); (e) mainly EM I B (ibid. 158-9).
Plannedpublication:Wilson and Day, forthcoming.
Comments:as these deposits are so small, each has been listed as an integral part of the group.

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

G. CADOGAN ET AL.

24

None of them was stratified above a Palace Well group deposit. However, changes in style,
fabric, and ware make a convincing argument that they represent a phase between the Palace
Well and the West Court House groups. The existence of such a phase was suggested by Hood
(1966; 1971, 36-7) and Cadogan (1983, 508).
WEST COURT HOUSE

Location:KP4o.
Excavation:J.D. Evans 1969.
Bibliography:
J. D. Evans 1972; Wilson 1985.
Contexthomogeneous floor deposits and associated fills.
Previouschronologicalattribution:EM II A (J. D. Evans 1972); early EM II A (Wilson
1985).
Related deposits:tests beneath West Court (Wilson 1984, 175-80) and elsewhere in the palace,
including North-east Magazines (KSMK.I.4; KP 184; Wilson 1984, 187-97).
Comments:Hood identified three ceramic phases in Evans's EM II (Hood 1971, 37-8). On stylistic
grounds the West Court House group comes early in EM II A.
NORTH-WEST PORTICO, TEST 2

Location:KP 152 (KSME.II.7).

Excavation:Evans 1905Contexthomogeneous fill.
Related deposits:tests beneath the North-east Magazines (e.g. KSM K.I.5) may be related to this
group; deposits from the Royal Road South EM II A building may also postdate the West Court
House group (Warren 1972; Wilson 1984,
174-5).
Plannedpublication:study and publication by Wilson.
Wilson (1984, 167-75) suggests a later, post-West Court House EM II A ceramic phase
Comments:
at Knossos.
EARLY HOUSES,

LOWER DEPOSIT

Location:KP 2.
Excavation:Evans 1908; Hood 1960.
Bibliography:Evans 1921-35, i. 71, 73-5, io8 fig. 40; Wilson 1984, 42-3, 2oo-6; AR 1960-1, 27
and further references in Early Houses, upper deposit group.
Contextfloor deposits partly sealed beneath Early Houses, upper deposit.
EM II (Evans 1921-35, i; Hood 1961-2; 1966); EM II A (Zois 1967, pl.
Previouschronological
attribution:
33); probablyEM II A (Warrenand Hankey 1989, 17); possiblyEM II B (Warren 1980, 490).
Plannedpublication:Hood and Cadogan, forthcoming; Wilson, forthcoming.
Commentdeposits assignable to this group are rare; on stylistic grounds, this group shows stronger
affinities with the next group than with the previous one.
EARLY HOUSES, UPPER DEPOSIT

Location:KP 2.
Excavation:Hood i960.
AR 1960-1, 27; Hood 1961-2; 1966.
Bibliography:
fill between two plaster floors, above deposits of previous group (Early Houses, lower
Context.
deposit).
Previouschronologicalattribution:pre-polychrome MM I A = EM III (Hood 1961-2); EM III (Hood
1966).
Relateddeposits:Upper East Well and other deposits discussed in Andreou 1978; Momigliano 1991
and forthcoming.
Plannedpublication:Hood and Cadogan, forthcoming.
Commentsee Royal Road South, fill group.

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

EARLY MINOAN
ROYAL ROAD SOUTH,

AND MIDDLE MINOAN

POTTERY AT KNOSSOS

25

FILL

Location:KS 214.
Excavation:Hood 1959AR 1959-60, 23; Hood 1961-2; 1966.
Bibliography:
Contextfairly homogeneous fill, below Royal Road South, basements, lower floor deposit.
Previouschronologicalattribution:MM I A early (pre-spiral decoration) (Hood 1961-2; 1966).
Relateddeposits:discussed in Andreou 1978; Momigliano 1991 and forthcoming.
Plannedpublication:Hood.
Comment apart from appearance of polychrome decoration, stylistically close to Early Houses,
upper deposit.
ROYAL ROAD SOUTH,

BASEMENTS,

LOWER FLOOR

Location:KS 214Excavation:Hood 1959AR 1959-60, 23; Hood 1961-2; 1966.

Bibliography:
Context: floor deposit above Royal Road South, fill deposit and below Royal Road South,
basements, middle floor deposit.
Previous chronologicalattribution:MM I A late (with spiral decoration) (Hood 1961-2; 1966);
MM I B (Hood, ap. Momigliano 1991, 152).
Related deposits:some of the pottery from Houses A and B below the Kouloures (KP 88-9;
Andreou 1978; Momigliano 1991) and from the lowest levels in the Monolithic Pillar
Basement (KP 278; Mackenzie 1906, pl. 7); test D.VII.2o in Early Magazine A (Hood 1987
excavation; Macdonald, forthcoming).
Plannedpublication:Hood.
Commentappearance of spiral decoration on polychrome vases. This group probably defines the
pottery in use immediately before the construction of the Old Palace.
ROYAL ROAD SOUTH,

BASEMENTS,

MIDDLE FLOOR

Location:KS 214.
Excavation:Hood
1959AR 1959-60, 22; Hood 1961-2, 194; 1966, 110o-11.
Bibliography:
Context floor deposit above Royal Road South, Basements, lower floor and below Royal Road
South, Basements, upper floor.
Previouschronologicalattribution:MM I B (Hood).
Related deposits: Early Magazine A (KP 17; AR 1973-4, 34; AR 1987-8, 68; Macdonald,
forthcoming); Early Chamber beneath West Court (Evans 1921-35, i. 186-9); Aqueduct Well
(KS 290; AR 1958, 21); Hogarth's Houses, rock-cut basement (KS 297; AR 1958, 19 fig. 29).
Planned publication:Hood.
Commentthis group defines the pottery found in the earliest destruction deposits within the Old
Palace.
ROYAL ROAD SOUTH,

BASEMENT,

UPPER FLOOR

Location:KS 214Excavation:Hood 1957-9AR 1957, 22; AR 1958, 19; AR 1959-60, 22; Hood 1961-2, 96; 1966, x11x1.
Bibliography:
Contextfloor deposit above Royal Road South, Basements, middle floor.
Previouschronological
attribution:
MM II A (Hood, AR 1959-60; Hood 1966); MM II B (Hood 1961-2).
Relateddeposits:Royal Pottery Stores, South-west Room (Evans 1921-35, i. 240-4).
Plannedpublication:Hood.
Commentthis group defines the pottery found in the second horizon of destructions in the Old
Palace.

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

G. CADOGAN ET AL.

26
KNOSSOS VILLAGE, TRIAL KV

Location:KS 196.
Excavation:Popham 1969.
Bibliography:
Popham 1974.
Context destruction deposit in partially excavated building. Above drain with silt level containing
material of previous group.
Previouschronologicalattribution:MM II B (Popham
1974).
Relateddeposits:Mavro Spilio, tomb XVII, pit (Forsdyke 1927, 281).
Commentthis group probably defines the pottery in use at the time of the final destruction of the
Old Palace, by earthquake. Similar pottery is found in the West Court Kouloures, where it is
mixed with pottery of the next group.
ACROPOLIS HOUSES, GROUPS A AND B

Location:KS 174.
Excavation:Catling 1975Bibliography:Catling et al. 1979Context basement room with primary deposit (A), and fill above it (B), stratified below level with
pottery stylisticallymore advanced.
Previouschronologicalattribution:MM III A (Catling et al.
1979).
Relateddeposits:Early Town Houses (Evans 1i921-35,
ii. 369-70).
Commentthis group defines the earliest pottery of the Neo-palatial period.
EM

PalaceWell
West Court, Trench FF

IA
IB

West Court House

II A
North-west Portico, test 2

EarlyHouses,lowerdeposit

II B

Early Houses, upper deposit

III

Royal Road South, fill

MM

IA

Royal Road South, basements, lower floor

Royal Road South, basements, middle floor

IB

Royal Road South, basements, upper floor

II A

Knossosvillage,TrialKV

II B

Acropolis Houses, groups A and B

III A

TABLE1. The pottery groups and their possible equivalents in Evans's terms. Lines indicate divisions based
on stratigraphy.

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

EARLY MINOAN AND MIDDLE MINOAN POTTERY AT KNOSSOS

27

CONCLUSIONS

Although our definitions of the pottery groups and their position in the sequence differ
from what Evans proposed, we have been able to identify deposits that can guide us, and
we hope will guide others, in understanding the ceramic sequence at Knossos, and in
associating Evans's historical terms with specific pottery groups. We assume, for example,
that scholars now understand that the pottery of the West Court House represents only a
single stage in the development of Early Minoan II A.
There is much still to do at Knossos to improve definition of the ceramic sequence
and enlarge our knowledge of the Minoan town. It is clear that deposits in the town,
which is the large and generally unknown counterpart of the Minoan palace, are more
likely to provide fresh insights into the sequence than those still preserved inside the
palace. Stratigraphic excavations, such as those of Hood and Warren, show what a rich
and largely untapped source the deposits in the Minoan town are. By examining more of
these we shall recover a fuller picture of the history of Knossos, and be able to set the
Minoan palace in the local context it deserves.
Our review of the excavated deposits suggests that investigation in the following areas
would be particularly helpful to supplement what we know from the groups already
defined:
the West Court, for the sequence from the latest neolithic to the end of the Old
Palace period;
the north-west corner of the palace, for more information on our first two groups;
the North-east Magazines, for the phasing of Early Minoan II A;
the Early Houses on the South Front, to test the apparent EM II-EM III-MM I A
sequence, and to relate the EarlyHouses to the EarlyPaving and the Hypogaeum; and
on either side of the Royal Road, where we can learn much of the growth of prepalatial Knossos.
We hope that our approach, starting from groups of pottery, will be adopted for other
periods of the Bronze Age at Knossos, and for other sites in Crete, to create the firmer
chronology that the Minoan period needs. We look forward to further analysisand testing of
the ceramic sequence we have proposed for Pre-palatialand Old Palace period Knossos.
Culworth,Banbury
DemokritosNational Centrefor ScientificResearch,Athens/
Universityof Sheffield
BritishSchoolat Athens
ColumbiaUniversityin the Cityof New York

G. CADOGAN

P. M. DAY
C. F. MACDONALD

J. A.

MAC GILLIVRAY

Wolfson College, Oxford/ Balliol College, Oxford

N. MOMIGLIANO

University
of Cambridge

T. M. WHITELAW

Universityof WesternOntario

D. E. WILSON

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

28

G. CADOGAN ET AL.
REFERENCES

Andreou, S. (1978), PotteryGroupsof the OldPalace

Periodin Crete(Ph.D. diss., Cincinnati).
Cadogan, G. (1983), 'Early Minoan and Middle
Minoan chronology', AJA87: 507-18.
Catling, H. W., Catling, E. A., and Smyth, D.
(1979), 'Knossos 1975: Middle Minoan III and
Late Minoan I houses by the acropolis', BSA 74:
1-80.
Day, P. M. (forthcoming), 'Revolutions in ceramic
technology: the introduction of the potter's
wheel in Crete'.
and Wilson, D. E. (forthcoming), Ceramic
Developmentin PrepalatialKnossos.
Evans, A. J. (1906), Essai de classificationdes ipoques
de la civilisationminoenne(London).
(1921-35), ThePalace of Minos at Knossos,i-iv
(London).
Evans,J. D. (1971), 'Neolithic Knossos: the growth
of a settlement,' PPS37.2: 95-117.
(1972), 'The Early Minoan occupation of
Knossos', AS 22: 115-28.
Forsdyke, E. J. (1927), 'The Mavro Spelio cemetery
at Knossos', BSA 28: 243-96.
Hood, M. S. F. (1961-2), 'Stratigraphic excavations at Knossos, 1957-61', Kr. Chron.15-16. 1:
92-8.
-(1966), 'The Early and Middle Minoan
periods at Knossos', BICS 13: 110-11.
(1971), TheMinoans (London).
(199oa), 'Autochthons or settlers? Evidence
for immigration at the beginning of the Early
Bronze Age in Crete', Proceedings of the 6th
CretologicalCongress,i. 367-75.
(199ob), 'Settlers in Crete c.3ooo BC', Cretan
Studies,2: 151-8.
and Cadogan, G. (forthcoming), EarlyMinoan
Excavationsat Knossos(London).
Macdonald, C. F. (forthcoming), 'Tests in the area
of Early Magazine A of the Palace of Minos,
Knossos'.

MacGillivray, J. A. (forthcoming), Knossos: Pottery

Groupsof the OldPalacePeriod(London).
Mackenzie, D. (1903), 'The pottery of Knossos',
JHS 23: 157-205.
-(1906), 'The Middle Minoan pottery of
Knossos,' JHS 26: 243-67.
Momigliano, N. (1991), 'MM IA pottery from
Evans' excavations at Knossos: a reassessment',
BSA86: 149-271.
(forthcoming), 'Knossos 1902, 1905: Early
and Middle Minoan deposits from the Room of
the Jars'.
Popham, M. R. (1974), 'Trial KV (1969), a Middle
Minoan building at Knossos', BSA69: 181-94Warren, P. (1972), 'Knossos and the Greek mainland
in the third millennium BC',AAA5: 392-8.
(1980), 'Problems of chronology in Crete and
the Aegean in the third and earlier second
millennium BC',AJA84: 487-99and Hankey, V. (1989), Aegean Bronze Age
Chronology(Bristol).
Wilson, D. E. (1984), The Early Minoan IIA West
CourtHouse at Knossos(Ph.D. diss., Cincinnati).
1 (1985),'The pottery and architecture of the
EM IIA West Court House at Knossos', BSA 8o0:
281-364.
- (forthcoming), 'Ware groups of the EM II B
deposit beneath the South Front Early Houses at
Knossos'.
and Day, P. M. (1994), 'Ceramic regionalism
in pre-palatial central Crete: the Mesara imports
at EM I to EM II A Knossos', in BSA 89.

(forthcoming), 'A ceramic characterization of

EM I B at Knossos'.
ti givto'yfc
Zois, A. (1967), "'Epeuva i
FepL
Icpapgtcff;', 'Enrerpig
rovitovv
VpEuVVaV
aeam
roiHavemrarVrpliov'A
&iOrvwv,1: 703-22.
-(1969), Ipofl3Aiuara XpovoAo]?'a rig
lt vaoii'Fl KcEpaeI gT FoXbpve-TZVAIaog-Milata
(Athens).

This content downloaded from 209.65.49.3 on Mon, 11 May 2015 04:28:18 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions