In-Class #2

Familiarize students with the Universitys Policy on Plagiarism

(included in the Course Outline). Try your best to emphasize
the importance and severity of this offence!
Below is an excerpt from the policy:

Plagiarism
Plagiarism is a very serious academic offense. Students who plagiarize are dishonestly and fraudulently
using someone elses work as their own. In the preparation of essays, papers, reports, and any other
types of assignments, students must necessarily rely on the work of others. However, the source of any
ideas, wording, or data obtained from others must be disclosed and properly acknowledged by citations,
quotation marks, and bibliographic references in the proper format. Using the work of others without
acknowledgement is plagiarism.
Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to:
a)
Copying material, for example, from the Internet, or purchasing material and submitting it as
ones own;
b)
Paraphrasing (changing some of the words) the ideas and concepts of others without proper
referencing;
c)
Using a passage or passages of any length from published or unpublished work of others without
placing the passage(s) in quotation marks (or using indentation for long quotation(s)) and
acknowledging their source;
d)
Submitting work to more than one course, unless prior permission to do so has been given in
writing;
e)
Submitting work completely or largely identical to that of other students, unless group work and
joint submissions are explicitly permitted by the instructor.
Consequences:
If the instructor believes that plagiarism has occurred, s/he assigns a grade of IN (incomplete) to the work
in question and reports the case to the Department Head, to the Associate Dean of the Faculty, and to
the student(s) involved. Disciplinary proceedings may be initiated pursuant to Senate Bylaw 31, which
could result in suspension or expulsion from the University in cases of repeated plagiarism. Students will
be given the opportunity to address the matter of plagiarism to the Department Head or designate and/or
to the Associate Dean of Student and Academic Affairs in the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social
Sciences, and ultimately to a Judicial Panel at the University. Students can appeal a finding of plagiarism
to the Discipline Appeal Committee of the University.

Plagiarism can be:

-

intentional (e.g., putting your name on a friends paper and handing

it in as your own work); or,
accidental (e.g., not properly citing the source of information you
use in your paper)

Knowing the difference: Summarising vs. Paraphrasing vs. Quoting 1

What is it?

How to cite
it

Summarizing
A shorter, more
concise version of the
original text written
IN YOUR OWN
WORDS!
You MUST
cite/reference the

Paraphrasing
An explanation of the
text IN YOUR OWN
WORDS that may be
longer or shorter
than the original
You MUST
cite/reference the

1 Definitions taken from The OWL at Purdue website:

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/930/02/

Quoting
Including the original
words (word-for-word,
exactly as it appears)
with quotation marks
You MUST
cite/reference the

original source

original source

original source
(including page
numbers)

How do we avoid accidentally plagiarizing a source?

- By properly citing and referencing all information we take from other
sources!
-

Introduce the students to APA style

o What is APA Style?
APA is a particular style of formatting for citing and
referencing sources used in the social sciences (i.e.,
psychology, sociology, anthropology, etc.).
APA stands for the American Psychological Association
this is who decides on how citations will be formatted and
publishes the manual (If you own a copy of the
Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association, 6th ed., 2nd printing, feel free to bring it
to lab to show the students).
o Why do we need to know and use APA style?
Following the rules of APA ensures consistency in academic
writing, gives proper credit to the sources you use (so you
can avoid accidentally plagiarizing someone), and is
required by publishers of academic journals so its a good
skill to have!
o What things are determined by APA style?
The general structure of a paper (i.e., title page, abstract,
main body, references, footnotes, tables and figures, and
appendices).
How sources should be cited (in-text) and references listed
(at the end of the paper).
Punctuation and spacing (e.g., Question: How many spaces
after a period??? Answer: According to APA - 2).
Writing style (e.g., when to use digits and when to use
words for numbers).
o Citing sources - In-text citations
In-text citations are those located within a sentence or
paragraph that indicates where the information in that
sentence came from.

In your assignments/papers these should be included at

the end of every sentence that did not come from your own
brain! (this means anything you take from the textbook!!!)
General format:
Within a sentence Author and Author (year) state
At the end of a sentence (Author & Author, year).
The exact format will depend on the type of source and
number of authors, etc.
Page numbers are recommended but not necessary
UNLESS you are using a direct quote, then you MUST
include the page number.
E.g., Lilienfeld and colleagues (2015) state that OR
(Lilienfeld et al., 2015).

o Listing references the References section

The References section (not Works Cited, not Bibliography)
is included at the end of a document and lists all the
essential information about all sources used in the
document so that the reader can find the original source of
the information easily.
What information is essential?
Authors last names and initials
Year of publication
Title of document (article, chapter, webpage, etc.)
Title (and volume/issue) of journal, book, or website,
etc.
Page numbers
Example:
Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., Namy, L. L., Woolf, N. J., Cramer, K. M., &
Schmaltz, R. (2015). Psychology: From inquiry to understanding, 2nd
Canadian, DSM-5 update edition. Toronto, ON: Pearson Education.

References are listed in alphabetical order by the first

authors last name (explain the importance of the
sequence of authorship i.e., the first author usually does
the most work on a publication and is therefore recognized
for their contribution by being named first)
Other specific requirements (e.g., capitals, indentations,
spacing, etc.) are listed in the Publication Manual or they
can be found many places online (e.g., The OWL at Purdue
is a great resource).