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Inputs
10
12
Function
12
13
Trigger Word
13
Trigger Combiner
14
Trigger PreDelay
14
Trigger Filter
14
Trigger Counter
15
Trigger Delay
15
Trigger Out
15
Trigger Setting
16
17
20
Counter .....................................................................................................................................
Signal Selection
22
22
23
24
24
Find
25
Compare
25
Tracking
26
Products ...................................................................................................................................
27
Product Information
27
Order Information
27
1989-2016 Lauterbach GmbH
Basic Function
The port analyzer is a diagnostic tool to check the peripheral I/O lines of microcontroller devices. The basic
functions are
State Analysis
Timing Analysis
Signal Analysis
E::Port.List p.a
record p.a
+032246 11111111
+032247 11111111
+032248 11111111
+032249 11111111
+032250 11111111
+032251 11111111
+032252 11111111
+032253 11111111
+032254 11111111
+032255 11111111
+032256 11111111
E::Port.Timing /Track
-50
-25
line
-p.cs0
-p.cs1
-p.cs2
-p.cs3
Basic Function
Port Signals
Demux
Transient
Detection
External Inputs
Trace
Storage
64K * 96
Input Buffer
Synch.Trigger Unit
Time Stamp
Time Base
Main Control
Basic Function
Most of the input lines of the analyzer are connected directly to the I/O pins of the CPU. This concept
eliminates the need to contact the CPU in the target, which can be difficult especially for CPUs with SMD
package. The port analyzer can be divided into some functional groups:
Trace Storage
The trace supports 64 input lines (channels). The trace depth is 64K
(256K). The trace storage can be used in slave mode (trace extension
to the state analyzer, default). Then all input signals are sampled with
the clock signal from the state analyzer. The sampled information is
displayed within the state analyzer by the commands Analyzer.List or
Analyzer.Timing. All state analyzer options options like selective trace
are available. In timing analyzer mode the trace storage uses a fixed
internally generated sampling clock. The highest possible sampling rate
is 50 MHz for port signals (100 MHz for external inputs), which is
usually fast enough for peripheral units. The special construction of the
port analyzer allows to display the input level, while the analyzer is
running.
The port analyzer can run in transient mode, which allows large trace
time at high frequencies.
Input Selector
The port analyzer uses a multiplexer system for tracing up to 1024 lines
on a trace bus with 32 bus lines only. In multiplexed mode all input
signals are transfered through this bus in time slices by 20 ns each. In
transient mode 32 channels are selected out of all the input signals.
The effective trace rate is typically 10 50 MHz.
Trigger Unit
The system can be triggered by events on the input lines, events from
the trigger bus and some signals from the emulator system. Triggering
can be done on levels and edges. The trigger mask can combine 32
internal (CPU port signals) and 32 external signals.
The port analyzer includes a separate time stamp unit (48 bit absolute
time) for correlating to the state analyzer and all other trace systems.
The resulution is 20ns.
Counter Multiplexer
Every signal from the MCU ports and the external inputs can be routed
to the universal counter.
Basic Function
Inputs
All inputs have a TTL and CMOS compatible threshold level by 1.4 V and an input impedance by 100KOhm.
All outputs have 3.3 V high level and 50 impedance.
AUX2
GND
GND
AUX3
TRIGGERRUNBACKX.62
X.32
X.63
X.33
RUNFOREBREAK-
AUX2, AUX3
BREAK-
Trigger Output
TRIGGER-
Break Output
RUNBACK-
Background Emulation
RUNFORE-
Foreground Emulation
GND
Signal Ground
Basic Function
FREQOUT ASYNOUT
AUX0
RES
GND
TRIGOUT
X.30
X.00
X.31
X.01
AUX1
PULSEOUT
AUX0, AUX1
ASYNOUT
PULSEOUT
Pulse Output
FREQOUT
TRIGOUT
RES
Reserved
GND
Signal Ground
Basic Function
Arm
TRIGGER
Break
used
available
p.RSTIN
selected
p.RD
207.
Size
65535.
->
Rate
<-
AutoArm
AutoTEST
commands
RESet
Init
Get
Timing
TView
Fix
Mux
Transient
Enable
ALways
Running
Mode
Fifo
Stack
100MHZ
LATCH
CSELect
Count
Port.SLAVE
Port.RESet
E::Analyzer.List
record address
-000024 P:0016E9
-000023 P:0016EA
-000022 P:0016EB
-000021 P:0016EC
-000020 P:0016ED
-000019 P:0016EE
-000018 P:0016EF
-000017 P:0016F0
-000016 P:0016F1
-000015 P:0016F2
-000014 P:0016F3
-000013 P:000035
-000012 P:000036
-000011 P:000037
-000010 P:00003E
-000009 P:00003F
-000008 P:000040
-000007 P:000041
-000006 P:000042
CPU PORTS
cycle
.b
wr-byte 04
opfetch 74
fetch1 08
opfetch 2F
opfetch FB
opfetch E4
opfetch 3E
opfetch FA
opfetch 12
fetch1 00
fetch2 35
opfetch 12
fetch1 00
fetch2 3E
opfetch D0
rd-byte 00
opfetch D0
rd-byte 01
opfetch C0
symbol
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+25
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+26
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+27
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+28
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+29
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2A
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2B
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2C
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2D
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2E
\\IAR51\iar51\?0178+2F
\?I_ADD_ASG_L00\?I_ADD_ASG_
I_ADD_ASG_L00\?I_ADD_ASG_L0
I_ADD_ASG_L00\?I_ADD_ASG_L0
51\?I_PREASG_L00\?I_PREASG_
\?I_PREASG_L00\?I_PREASG_L0
\?I_PREASG_L00\?I_PREASG_L0
\?I_PREASG_L00\?I_PREASG_L0
\?I_PREASG_L00\?I_PREASG_L0
p.2
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00010110
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
p.3
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
001100
Port.Rate
Port.Enable
Port.Rate
Port.Select
Port.SIZE
Port.Mode
Port.TView
Set Trigger
Port.ASYNC.view
Port.OFF
Port.Arm
Port.AutoArm
Port.AutoTest
Port.Trigger
Manual Trigger
Example
Here is a typical example for trace until a rising edge on port 20 will be found.
Port.Rate 10000000.
Port.Enable ALways
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Port.Arm
Port.TPreDelay 10%
10
After the Port.Arm command the trace storage is filled, the trigger system waits until the trace storage is
filled for 10% to become armed. If a rising edge on channel 20 is found, the port analyzer will sample for 1
ms, until it is stopped. The message 'Port analyzer breaked' will be displayed. The analyzer is now ready for
read-out and display. All port analyzer display windows become active to show the sampled information.
OFF
Analyzer is off
Analyzer is armed
Pre-Trigger
Armed
Trigger armed
Trigger event found
Triggered
Breaked
Sampling is stopped
11
Trigger System
F::port.tv
TSelect
BusA
and
BusB
and
BusC
and
BusD
and TSYNC
ASYNC
and
or
or
TPreDelay
0%
TWidth
0.000
TSYNC selected
p.P301 FALLING
->low
->high
->rising
->falling
TCount
Trigge
Break
ASYNC
available
p.P302
TOUT
BUSA
BUSB
BUSC
BUSD
Trigger
0.
<-
P.
TDelay
0.000
0.000
Function
The trigger concept allows fast programming of trigger events related to the application of the port analyzer.
TSYNC
Trigger
Comparator
and
Edge Detector
BUSA..BUSD
ASYNC
Trigger (Emulator)
Break (Emulator)
&
Trigger
Filter
Trigger
Counter
Trigger
Latch
Trigger
Combiner
Trigger
&
&
|
Pretrigger
Delay
Trigger
Delay
Counter
Break
12
Trigger System
Trigger Word
The trigger signal can be generated out of the 32 port channels and the 32 external channels. Every signal
can be qualified as high, low, rising and falling edge.
Channel 0
High
Low
Rising
Dont Care
Dont Care
Dont Care
Falling
Dont Care
Dont Care
Channel 63
More than 1 edge can be combined to a trigger word. To detect a valid combination of edges, the edges
must have a max. skew of 20 ns.
Rising
Falling
20 ns max.
13
Trigger System
Edges and state signals can be combined. The state signal must be stable 40 ns before the edge. The
sampling of the state signal is garanteed before the edge is detected. .
Low
Rising
40 ns min.
Trigger Combiner
The trigger signals from the trigger word selector, the asynchronous trigger unit and the bus trigger signals
can be combined to form a valid trigger signals. The combining is made on a and basis. Therefore trigger
conditions can be qualified by bus trigger signals generated by the state analyzer or other systems.
The trigger or break signals from the emulator can be used to stop the port analyzer.
Trigger PreDelay
For avoiding nearly empty trace buffers, the trigger system can be acitvated only after the trace buffer is filled
partly.
Trigger Filter
The trigger filter selects valid trigger signals from glitches or runts on the input lines. It can be used to trigger
on a minimum pulse width. Trigger filtering should not be used, if edge triggering is selected in the trigger
word qualifier.
Input Signal
Trigger Signal
Filter Time
14
Trigger System
Trigger Counter
The trigger counter delays the triggering on the n-th event of a valid trigger condition. The value zero means
triggering immediately, one on the first occurance of the trigger event.
Trigger Signal
Trigger Counter = 0
Trigger Counter = 1
Trigger
Counter = 2
Trigger Delay
Alter the trigger condition has been latched, a trigger delay is used before stopping the port analyzer. The
delay can be defined with an absolute time (1 ms to 10s) or in percentage of the trace storage.
Trigger Out
When reaching the trigger state (trigger latch is true), some other systems of the emulator system can be
triggered by the port analyzer. The trigger out signals are true as long as the port analyzer is running and the
trigger latch has been set. The port analyzer can trigger the emulator directly.
BUSA .. BUSD
Trigger Point
Stopped
15
Trigger System
Trigger Setting
Port.TView
Port.TSYNC
Port.TPreDelay
Port.TWidth
Port.TCount
Port.TDelay
Port.TOut
Example
Port.Rate transient
Port.Enable ALways
Port.TPreDelay 10%
Port.TSelect TSYNC
Port.TDelay 100.us
Port.Arm
16
Trigger System
Asynchronous Trigger
The asynchronous trigger system generates a trigger signal out of 8 input signal located on the external
inputs x.00..x.07 located on the font panel. Every single input signal or a combination of input signals can be
used to generate the trigger information. Additional a pulse width trigger is available.
Asynchronous Trigger
Synchronous Trigger
Pulse Width Trigger
Glitch Trigger
Input
Data Comparator
Glitch Trigger
Clock Comparator
Pulse Width
Trigger
Synchronous
Trigger
Output
17
Asynchronous Trigger
The asynchronous trigger system can be divided into four functional groups:
Data Comparator
Input0
Input1
Input2
Input3
Input4
Input5
Input6
Input7
Clock Comparator
&
-1
DATA
Input0
Input1
Input2
Input3
Input4
Input5
Input6
Input7
&
-1
CLOCK
18
Asynchronous Trigger
Synchronous Trigger
DATA
SYNC
CLOCK
CLR
Glitch Detector
GLITCH+
DATA
GLITCH-
50 MHz
LONGER
CLR
DATA
SHORTER
19
Asynchronous Trigger
Mode
DATA
CLOCK
SYNC
LONGER
SHORTER
GLITCH+
GLITCHGLITCH
0 1
0 1
0
1
0
1
0 1
0 1
0
1
0
1
DataPOL
+
-
Clock
0yxxxxxxxx
0 1
0 1
0
1
0
1
0 1
0 1
0
1
0
1
ClockPOL
+
Port.ASYNC.view
Show window
Port.ASYNC.Mode
Port.ASYNC.Data
Port.ASYNC.DataPOL
Port.ASYNC.Clock
Port.ASYNC.ClockPOL
Port.ASYNC.Time
Example
Trigger is done on falling edge of input line 7 when input line 0 and 1 are high
Port.ASYNC.Data 0yxxxxxx11
Port.ASYNC.DataPOL +
Port.ASYNC.Clock 0y1xxxxxxx
Port.ASYNC.ClockPOL -
Port.ASYNC.Mode SYNC
20
Asynchronous Trigger
Trigger is done if input 1 and 0 are high for more than 20.us
Port.ASYNC.Data 0yxxxxxx11
Port.ASYNC.DataPOL -
Port.ASYNC.Time 20.us
Port.ASYNC.Mode LONGER
21
Asynchronous Trigger
Counter
Every signal (ports and external inputs can be feeded to the universal counter.
Signal Selection
Port.CSEelect
Example
Port.CSE RD
;selects signal RD
22
Counter
Display Information
The main display functions are the state list and the timing display. Additionally to the input lines the timestamp information can be displayed, either to the reference point or to the absolute reference time (ZERO),
which is valid for all analyzer listings (STATE, TIMING, PORT).
The timing display (Port.Timing) offers functions for zooming and windowing. The position of the display
may be controlled by the cursor keys or by the Port.GOTO command. All display windows can be configured
by defining signal names or group names. The signal names depend on the emulation probe used. For more
information see IFIRE Targets.
The level of an input line will be displayed by the Port.Get command. This function will be active, if the port
analyzer is activated or set to OFF, but not in slave mode.
In order to use target specific names instead of pin names for reference to an input channel, logical names
may be defined by the NAME instruction.
Port.List
Port.Timing
Port.View
Port.Get
Port.GOTO
NAME
23
Display Information
Port.LOAD
Port.Compare
Tracking
24
Display Information
Find
This complex search function allows quick analysis operations in the trace or reference storage.
For quick search operations the Analyzer Find Dialog Box can be used:
Analyzer Find
Expert Find
Up
Down
Port.CS0 High
Find First
Find Next
Find All
Clear
Cancel
Compare
The compare function can be done between the trace buffer and the reference buffer. Therefore the
reference information must be loaded first by the Port.LOAD command. In order to ignore incorrect trace by
jitter, it is possible to define the 'granularity' of the compare function.
Port.LOAD test1
Port.ComPare , Port.RXD /FILE
IF FOUND()
...
25
Display Information
Tracking
The tracking option forces all port analyzer windows, which are in tracking mode
(option /Track), to pan to the same position like the reference window. The reference window can be any
analyzer display window from the state analyzer, the timing analyzer or the port analyzer. The reference
point is fixed to the absolute time. Every analyzer system has an independent, but correlated, time-stamp
unit. The tracking function can be used also for displaying port analyzer windows with different zoom rates.
Port.Timing /Track
Analyzer.List
E::Analyzer.List
record run address
cycle
cmp.l
d1,d0
-000025 f
SP:0045FA rd-word
bge
$45F0
-000024 f
SP:0045FC rd-word
-000023 f
SP:0045F0 rd-word
-000022 f
SP:0045F2 rd-word
-000021 f
SP:0045F4 rd-word
444
d.w
symbol
; .k,d0
6CF4 \\MCC\mcc\.sieb+40
5284
4231
1800
D283
k =
\\MCC\mcc\.sieb+42
\\MCC\mcc\.sieb+36
\\MCC\mcc\.sieb+38
\\MCC\mcc\.sieb+3A
i + primz;
E::Port.Timing /Track
Zoom In T Zoom Out T Zoom Full T Goto Find
line
-p.cs0
-p.cs1
-p.cs2
-p.cs3
-50
List
-25
26
Display Information
Products
Product Information
OrderNo Code
Text
LA-9140
FIRE-PORT-64K
LA-9141
FIRE-PORT-256K
Order Information
Order No.
Code
Text
LA-9140
LA-9141
FIRE-PORT-64K
FIRE-PORT-256K
27
Products