Language and Texts

Portfolio 3

Ashfaq Aslam

Portfolio 3
1) In line 11 the word ones presupposes that its meaning(the referent)
can be recovered. ones in this case is an anaphoric nominal substitution
for words mentioned in the previous sentence. This substitution helps in
making the text non-structurally cohesive.
2) In line 16 the word do presupposes that its meaning(the referent) can
be recovered. do in this case is an anaphoric verbal substitution for use
profanity mentioned in the previous sentence. This substitution helps in
making the text non-structurally cohesive.
3) In line 15 a clause has been omitted after with their friends, which
presupposes that the omission can be recovered. In this case the omission
was an anaphoric clausal ellipsis They use profanity when speaking. This ellipsis
adds to the cohesiveness of the text.
4) In line 04 a noun has been omitted after but one which presupposes that the omission can be
recovered. In this case the omission was an anaphoric nominal ellipsis where the word girl,
which is referred in line to, is dropped. This ellipsis creates non-structural cohesiveness in the
text.
5) In line 4 a verb has been omitted before the words whatever seemed
to which presupposes that the omission can be recovered. In this case the
omission was an anaphoric verbal ellipsis where the word chatted away about.
This ellipsis adds to the cohesiveness of the text.