Assignment=5

Entropy
Q1 The latent heat of fusion of water at 0C is 335 kJ/kg. How much does the entropy of 1 kg of
ice change as it melts into water at 0C.
(Ans. 1.2271 kJ/K)
Q2 Two kg of water at 80C are mixed adiabatically with 3 kg of water at 30C in a constant
pressure process of 1 atmosphere. Find the increase in the entropy of the total mass of water due
to the mixing process (cp of water = 4.187 kJ/kg K).
(Ans. 0.0576 kJ/K)
Q3 A heat engine receives reversibly 420 kJ/cycle of heat from a source at 327C, and rejects
heat reversibly to a sink at 27C. There are no other heat transfers. For each of the three
hypothetical amounts of heat rejected, in (a), (b), and (c) below, compute the cyclic integral of
dQ /T. from these results show which case is irreversible, which reversible, and which
impossible:
(a) 210 kJ/cycle rejected
(b) 105 kJ/cycle rejected
(c) 315 kJ/cycle rejected
(Ans. (a) Reversible, (b) Impossible, (c) Irreversible)
Q4 Water is heated at a constant pressure of 0.7 MPa. The boiling point is 164.97C. The initial
temperature of water is 0C. The latent heat of evaporation is 2066.3 kJ/kg. Find the increase of
entropy of water, if the final state is steam.
(Ans. 6.6967 kJ/kg K)
Q5 Ten grammes of water at 20C is converted into ice at 10C at constant atmospheric
pressure. Assuming the specific heat of liquid water to remain constant at 4.2 J/gK and that of ice
to be half of this value, and taking the latent heat of fusion of ice at 0C to be 335 J/g, calculate
the total entropy change of the system.
(Ans. 16.02 J/K)
Q6 Calculate the entropy change of the universe as a result of the following processes:
(a) A copper block of 600 g mass and with Cp of 150 J/K at 100C is placed in a lake at 8C.
(b) Two such blocks, at 100 and 0C, are joined together.
(Ans. (a) 6.69 J/K, (b) 3.64 J/K)
Q7 A system maintained at constant volume is initially at temperature T1, and a heat reservoir at
the lower temperature T0 is available. Show that the maximum work recoverable as the system is
cooled to T0 is
T1
W=Cv[(T1-To)-To ln

Q8 If the temperature of the atmosphere is 5C on a winter day and if 1 kg of water at 90C is

available, how much work can be obtained. Take cv, of water as 4.186 kJ/kg K.
Q9 A reversible engine, as shown in Figure during a cycle of operations draws 5 MJ from the
400 K reservoir and does 840 kJ of work. Find the amount and direction of heat interaction with
other reservoirs.
(Ans. Q2 = + 4.98 MJ and Q3 = 0.82 MJ)

Assignment=5
Entropy
Q10 Two blocks of metal, each having a mass of 10 kg and a specific heat of 0.4 kJ/kg K, are at a
temperature of 40C. A reversible refrigerator receives heat from one block and rejects heat to
the other. Calculate the work required to cause a temperature difference of 100C between the
two blocks.
(Ans. Wmin = 31.87 kJ)
Q11 A lump of ice with a mass of 1.5 kg at an initial temperature of 260 K melts at the pressure
of 1 bar as a result of heat transfer from the environment. After some time has elapsed the
resulting water attains the temperature of the environment, 293 K. Calculate the entropy
production associated with this process. The latent heat of fusion of ice is 333.4 kJ/kg, the
specific heat of ice and water are 2.07 and 4.2 kJ/kg K
respectively, and ice melts at 273.15 K.
(Ans. 0.1514 kJ/K)