TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF

EARTHWORK

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
EARTHWORK

Section-IX
Sub-Section-IX.2.01
Page - 1 / 15

BID DOCUMENT FOR

CIVIL WORKS FOR FOUNDATIONS OF EQUIPMENT
AND PLANT BUILDINGS

1.01.00
1.02.00
1.03.00
1.04.00
1.05.00
1.06.00
1.07.00
1.08.00
1.09.00
1.10.00
1.11.00
1.12.00
1.13.00
1.14.00
1.15.00
1.17.00
1.18.00
1.19.00
1.20.00
1.21.00
1.22.00
1.23.00
TABLE I:

SCOPE ............................................................................................................ 2
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 2
CODES AND STANDARDS ............................................................................ 3
EXCAVATION ................................................................................................. 3
SHEET PILING................................................................................................ 5
EXCAVATION BELOW GROUND WATER TABLE ........................................ 7
LIFT ................................................................................................................. 7
CARRIAGE OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS BEYOND THE INITIAL LEAD OF
100 M .............................................................................................................. 7
FILLING ........................................................................................................... 8
FILLING PROCEDURE .................................................................................. 9
COMPACTION .............................................................................................. 10
SAMPLING, TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL....................................... 10
ANTI TERMITE TREATMENT ....................................................................... 12
TREATMENT FOR RCC FOUNDATION AND BASEMENTS....................... 13
TREATMENT OF TOP SURFACE OF PLINTH FILLING.............................. 13
TREATMENT OF SOIL ALONG EXTERNAL PERIMETER OF BUILDING.. 13
TREATMENT OF SOIL UNDER APRON (PLINTH PROTECTION) ALONG
EXTERNAL PERIMETER OF BUILDING...................................................... 13
TREATMENT OF EXPANSION JOINTS....................................................... 14
TREATMENT OF WALLS RETAINING SOIL ABOVE FLOOR LEVEL......... 14
TREATMENT OF SOIL SURROUNDINGS PIPES WASTES AND CONDUITS
...................................................................................................................... 14
MEASUREMENTS ........................................................................................ 14
RATE ............................................................................................................. 14
FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING AND TESTING ............................................ 15

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BID DOCUMENT FOR

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1.01.00

SCOPE

1.01.01

This GROUP of the specification covers the technical requirements for

excavation and filling in & around structures, buildings, pipes, foundations.
trenches, pits, drains, channels, cable ducts, underground facilities & similar
works. It also covers filling areas and plinths with selected materials.
conveyance and disposal of surplus spoils and/or stacking them properly as
directed by the Engineer.

1.01.02

The Contractor shall be fully responsible for proper setting out works, profiling
in excavation, stacking, etc. taking adequate safety measures etc. The
Contractor shall carry out all works meant within the intent of this specification
even if not explicitly mentioned herein. All works shall be executed to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

1.01.03

Existing trees, shrubs, any other plants, pole lines, fences, signs, monuments,
buildings, pipelines, drains, sewers or other surface or subsurface systems/
drains/ facilities within or adjacent to the works being carried out which are not
to be disturbed shall be protected from damage by the Contractor. The
Contractor shall provide and install suitable safeguards approved by the
Engineer-in- charge for this purpose.

1.01.04

During excavation, the Contractor shall take all necessary precautions against
soil erosion, water & environmental pollution, and where required undertake
additional works to achieve this objective. Before start of operations, the
Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, his work plan and the
procedure he intends to follow for disposal of waste materials etc. and the
schedule for carrying out temporary and permanent control works. However,
the approval of the Engineer to such plans and procedures shall not absolve
the Contractor of his responsibility for safe and sound work.

1.02.00

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.02.01

The Contractor shall make his own surveying arrangments for locating the
coordinates and positions of all work and estabilishing the reduced levels
(RLs at these locations based on two references grid lines and one bench
mark which will be furnished by the Engineer. The Contractor has to provide
at site all the required survey instruments, alongwith qualified surveyors, to
the satisfaction of the Engineer so that the work can be carried out accurately
and according to the specification and drawings.

1.02.02.

The Contractor shall furnish all skilled and unskilled labour, plant, tools,
tackles, equipment, men and materials required for complete execution of the
work in accordance with the drawings and as described herein and/or as
directed by the Engineer.

1.02.03

The Contractor shall control the

grade in the vicinity of all excavations so

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that the surface of the ground will be properly sloped or dyked to prevent
surface water from running into the excavated areas during construction.
1.02.04

All materials obtained from excavation shall remain the Engineers property.
All salvaged materials of archaeological importance or of value ( in the
opinion of the Engineer) shall be segregated from the other materials and
both stacked separately and in a regular manner at location indicated by the
Engineer.

1.02.05

Excavation shall include removal of trees including roots & organic remains,
vegetation, grass, bushes, shrubs, plants, poles, fences etc. that are in the
area to be excavated as well as beyond the excavation line so as to ensure
safety of the excavated side slopes and of men and equipment operating in
the area. Before start of excavation work, joint measurements of ground level
shall be taken after clearing all grass, vegetation etc.

1.02.06

Excavation shall include the removal of all materials required to execute the
work properly and shall be made with sufficient clearance as decided by the
Engineer to permit the placing and setting of forms, inspection and completion
of all works to the satisfaction of the Engineer for which the excavation was
done.

1.02.07

Wherever reference is made to 'drawings' in this specification it shall-mean

the latest issue of the 'Released for Construction' drawings.

1.03.00

CODES AND STANDARDS

1.03.01

All standards, specifications, and codes of practice referred to herein shall be

the latest editions including all applicable official amendments and revisions.

1.03.02

In case of conflict between this specification and those (British standards and
codes.) referred to herein, the former shall prevail.

1.04.00

EXCAVATION

1.04.01

Sides and bottom of excavation shall be cut sharp and true to line and level.
Undercutting shall not be permitted. When machines are used for excavation,
the last 300 mm before reaching the required level shall be excavated
manually or by such equipment that soil at the required final level will be left in
its natural condition. Suitability of strata (at the bottom of excavations) for
laying the foundation thereon shall be determined by the Engineer.

1.04.02

Excavation for foundation shall be to the bottom of lean concrete and as

shown on drawings or as directed by the Engineer- in-charge. The bottom of
all excavations shall be trimmed to required levels and when excavation is
carried below such levels by error, it shall be brought back to the specified
level by filling with concrete of nominal mix 1:4:8 (cement: coarse sand : 20

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mm down aggregates) at no extra cost to the Employer, as directed by the
Engineer.
1.04.03

The Contractor shall ascertain for himself the nature of materials to be

excavated and the difficulties, if any, likely to be encountered in executing this
work. Cofferdams, sheeting, shoring, bracing, maintaining suitable slopes,
draining etc. shall be provided and installed by the Contractor, to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

1.04.04

All excavation for installation of underground facilities, such as piping, sewer

line, drain lines etc. shall be open cuts. For deep and huge excavations and in
other excavations, if required by the Engineer, the Contractor shall submit for
Engineer'-in-charges approval (as already mentioned under clause 1.01.04
an "Excavation Scheme" showing the methodology to be adopted for
excavation in order to maintain the stability of side slopes, means for ensuring
safety of existing facilities nearby, dewatering as described in clause 1.04.06.
f

1.04.05

However, the Contractor shall be fully responsible for the scheme irrespective
of any approvals granted. Benching shall be provided for deeper excavation
wherever required.

1.04.06

When excavation requires bracing, sheeting or shoring etc. The Contractor

shall submit drawings to the Engineer, showing arrangements and details of
proposed installation. The Contractor shall also furnish all supporting
calculations as called for and shall not proceed until he has-received written
approval from the Engineer. However, the responsibility for adequacy of such
bracing, sheeting, shoring etc. will rest with the Contractor, irrespective of any
approval of the Engineer.

1.04.07

The Contractor shall have to constantly pump out any water collected in
excavated pits and other areas due to rain water, springs etc. and maintain
dry working to rain water, springs etc. and maintain dry working conditions at
all times until the excavation, placement of reinforcement shuttering,
concreting, backfilling is completed. The Contractor shall remove all
slush/muck from the excavated areas to keep the work area dry. Sludge
pumps, if required, shall be employed by the Contractor for this purpose.

1.04.08

The Contractor shall remove all materials arising from excavations from the
vicinity of the work either for direct filling, stacking the subsequent filling or for
ultimate disposal as directed by the Engineer. In no case shall the excavated
materials be stacked within a distance of 1.5m from the edge of excavation or
one-third the depth of excavation whichever is more. Material to be used for
filling shall be kept separately.

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BID DOCUMENT FOR

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1.05.00

SHEET PILING

1.05.01

The Contractor shall furnish detailed analysis & design showing the safety
and the adequacy of the overall excavation scheme consisting of combination
of sheet piling (cantilever and braced strutted) and open-pit excavation, e.g.,
slope stability, possible settlements of the adjoining areas, heave of pit
bottom, etc. The Contractor shall be solely responsible for the overall safety
and the adequacy of the construction methodology. Sheet piles shall conform
to British Standards.

1.05.02

The Sheet piles shall be driven in place by proper driving equipment.The

sheet piles should be driven with the tongue ( or ball ) leading and should be
driven in pairs.

1.05.03

Guides or temporary walling should be used for maintaining the sheet piles in
alignment. To prevent tendency to lean outward and also to creep along with
plane of the wall and in the direction in which the piling is driven, the driving of
sheet piles in panels shall be adopted. A panel of a few piles shall be driven
to part penetration at a time. After a number of such panels are driven, the
piling in the first few panels shall be driven to the final penetration.

1.05.04

When leaning is noticed, it should be corrected immediately by adopting any

of the following Corrective measures:
a) Pulling the heads of the successive piles during driving.
b) Driving in panels with guide piles.
c) Applying the driving energy at an angle.
d) Use of piles with chamfers at the foot.
e) Use of specially fabricated wedge-shaped piles.

1.05.05

Before commencement' of this work, the area where sheet piles are to be
driven should be prepared according to the programme of work and as per
the general directions of the Engineer.
Before driving, the sheet piles should be thoroughly examined to ensure that
there are no cracks, exfoliation and other defects on the surface, ends or in
clutches. Clutches should be cleaned and examined for metal wire edges,
lugs and deflections that interfere with the driving.
Ends of sheet piles should be cut perpendicular to its axis and the portions to
be put into clutches should be filed for smooth finish. The piles should be
scrubbed thoroughly to remove rust and scales and then coated with two
coats of bituminous paint approved by the Engineer over a coat of primer. The
piles shall then be measured and marked at every 600 mm length.
If the piles are driven without special pile cap, the top portions of it should be
strengthened before driving with hammer. For this, sheet pile pieces of the

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BID DOCUMENT FOR

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same groups 0.5 m in length with clutches cut off should be welded in its top.
The necessity of strengthening sheet pile top should be determined by trial
driving. In case it is to be strengthened, the design length should be 0.5 m
more.
In order to keep verticality of sheet piles as well as direction of sheet pile
lines, special guides should be provided during driving of the piles. The piles
should be driven vertically both on the plane of the sheet pile line and on the
plane perpendicular to it. Checking measurements when driving next sheet
pile should be taken in every 6 sheet piles. Out of plumb in plan should not
exceed following values.
at pile top level = 150 mm
at ground level = 100 mm
Maximum out of plumb along the sheet pile line of the last sheet pile line of
the last sheet piles should not be more than 3mm per linear metre of its
length.
Before closing sheet pile line the extreme sheet piles should be thoroughly
checked up. In case they are not parallel or they are cracked in plan. these
defects shall be eliminated.
Diesel and steam/air double or single acting hammer or vibrosinkers may be
used for driving piles.
If during the driving of sheet piles it is found that clutch or weld seams has
broken or some other breakage has occurred, that pile should be extracted
immediately and replaced by a good one by the Contractor.
In the process of driving, the Contractor shall maintain a register in the
approved proforma indicating for even driven pile, its length, time and depth of
driving, equipment used as well as all conditions of driving.
1.05.06

Sheet piles shall be extracted out after completion of the concreting work for
which a detailed programme has to be submitted by the Contractor to the
Engineer for his approval. Sheet piles shall be extracted out of the ground by
adopting proper means. The Contractor shall furnish detailed proposal for
extracting the sheet piles to the Engineer for his approval.
The reusable sheet piles shall be stacked separately from those of that
cannot be reused.
The reusable sheet piles can be used again in works with only Engineer
approval.

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BID DOCUMENT FOR

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1.05.07

Braced Strut

1.05.08

Braced struts to be used in the braced strutted sheet piles shall be of

structural steel quality.
For fabrication and erection of the braced struts, the relevant clauses of the
structural steel works as per Specification for Structural Steel works shall be
applicable.

1.05.09

Destrutting shall be carried out in a manner that the members can be reused
to the maximum extent possible.

1.06.00

EXCAVATION BELOW GROUND WATER TABLE

1.06.01

Wherever ground water table is met with during excavation, the Contractor
shall immediately report this fact to the Engineer, who shall arrange to record
the exact level of the water table before start of dewatering operation. The
decision of the Engineer regarding sub-soil water level shall be final and
binding on the Contractor. Ground Water Table for the purpose OF this clause
shall be taken as the level of standing water observed during the process of
excavation. Capillary action of water in the surrounding soil mass shall not be
considered for the above purposes.

1.06.02

The Contractor shall dewater and maintain dry working conditions by

maintaining the water table below the bottom of the excavation level by wellpoint dewatering or deep well dewatering or any other method approved by
the Engineer. He shall continue doing so till excavation, concreting, curing,
and all other operations -included in the scope of work, which require dry
condition in the area are completed. British Standards shall be followed as
guidance for dewatering purpose.

1.07.00

LIFT
The Contractor is required to excavate upto any depth as shown on the
drawings or as directed by the Engineer . Lifting of excavated materials shall
be done either by manual or mechanical or both means if called for by the
Engineer .

1.08.00

CARRIAGE OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS BEYOND THE INITIAL LEAD

OF 100 M

1.08.01

The disposal/stacking areas for excavated materials shall be indicated by the

Engineer . The carriage of excavated materials shall be done by the methods
mentioned below;
a)

The excavated materials may be carried upto initial lead of 100 m and
beyond the initial lead of 100 m but upto 500 m manually or by

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mechanical means. If directed by the Engineer this material shall be
used directly for filling purposes.
b)

For leads exceeding 500 m but limited within the boundary walls of
the plant area. the Contractor shall transport the excavated materials
by mechanical means only and as directed by the Engineer . The
Contractor shall build temporary roads etc. Providing and maintaining
of the temporary roads shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
The transported material shall be neatly stacked as directed by the
Engineer .

1.08.02

Some excavated materials required for filling purposes, may have to be

carried upto a lead of 500 m and beyond and stacked as per instructions of
the Engineer. Excavated materials carried beyond 500 m shall normally be for
final levelling and grading purpose only. Double handling of materials shall be
avoided as far as possible. However, depending on site condition excavated
materials carried beyond a lead of 500 m may also be required to be brought
back for filling purpose.

1.09.00

FILLING

1.09.01

Materials
a)

Materials to be used for filling purpose shall be sand or other

inorganic materials and they shall be clean and free from shingle,
salts, organic matter, large roots and excessive amount of sod, lumps,
concrete or any other foreign substances which could harm or impair
the strength of the substances in any manner. All clods shall be
suitably broken to small pieces. When the materials is mostly rock
boulders, these shall be broken into pieces not larger then 150 mm
size.

b)

Sand used for filling shall be clean, medium grained and free from
impurities. Fines less than 75 microns shall not be more than 20%. In
any case, the materials to be used for filling purposes shall have the
prior writen approval of the Engineer in-Charge.If excavated
materials are to be used for filling, then the Contractor shall select the
materials from the stockpile, load and transport this material and
execute the filling. This shall include excavation of earth which may
become hard due to laying in stack yard for a long period of time.

c)

In case the materials have to be brought from pits/quarries, then it

shall be the Contractor's responsibility for identification of such quarry
areas, obtaining approval from their use from concerned authorities,
excavation/quarrying loading and carriage of such material, unloading
and filling at specified locations. The Contractor shall pay any fees,
royalties etc. that may have to be paid for utilisation of borrow areas.

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BID DOCUMENT FOR

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1.10.00

FILLING PROCEDURE
a)

After completion of foundation, footings, walls and other construction

below the elevation of the final grades, and prior to filling, all
temporary shoring, timber etc. shall be sequentially removed and the
excavation cleaned of all trash, debris, and perishable materials.
Filling shall begin only with the written approval of the Engineer. Also,
areas identified for filling shall be cleared of all soft pockets,
vegetation, bushes, slush etc. In case of plinth and similar filling the
ground shall be dressed and consolidated by ramming and light
rolling.

b)

Fill materials shall not be dropped directly upon or against any

structure or facility where there is danger of displacement or damage.
Filling shall be started after the concrete/masonry has fully set and
shall be carried out in such a manner so as not to cause any undue
lateral thrust on any part of the structure.

c)

All space between foundation (concrete or masonry) and the sides

excavation shall be filled to the original surface after making
allowance for settlement. Fill shall be placed in horizontal layers not
exceeding 200 mm loose thickness. Each layer shall be watered and
compacted with proper moisture content and with such equipment as
may be required to obtain a compaction/density as specified. Trucks
or heavy equipment for depositing or compacting fill shall not be used
within 1.5 metres of building walls, piers, or other facilities, which may
be damaged, by their weight or operation. The methods of compaction
shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer. Pushing of earth for
filling shall not be adopted under any circumstance.

d)

Fill adjacent to pipes shall be free of stones, concrete etc. and shall
be hand placed and compacted uniformly on both sides of the pipe
and where practicable up to a minimum depth of 300 mm over the top
of pipes. While tamping around the pipes, care should be taken to
avoid unequal pressure.

e)

Filling shall be accurately finished to line, slope, cross GROUP and

grade as shown on the drawings. Finished surface shall be free of
irregularities and depressions and shall be within 20 mm of the
specified level.

f)

Where clean stone fill is specified, it shall consist of clean selected

stone metal of 40 mm nominal size. It shall be laid in layers not
exceeding 150 mm (loose) and lightly tamped before the next layer is

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-Laid. No compaction shall be required for this type of stone filling
1.11.00

COMPACTION
a)

Where compaction to 90% Standard Proctor Density or more is called

for, it shall be by mechanical means only. Where access is possible,
compaction shall be by 12 tonne rollers smooth wheeled, sheep foot
or wobbly wheeled as directed by the Engineer . A smaller weight
roller may be permitted by the Engineer in special cases, but in any
case not less than 10 passes of the roller will be accepted for each
layer.
Each .layer shall be wetted or the material dried by aeration to a
moisture content of 3-5% above the Optimum Moisture Content to be
determined by the Contractor. Each layer shall be watered, rammed
and compacted to the density as specified in the Teh. specifications.

b)

For compacting each sand layer, water shall be sprayed over it to

flood it and it shall be kept flooded for 24 hours to ensure maximum
compaction. Vibro-compactors shall also be used if necessary to
obtain the required degree of compaction. Any temporary works
required to contain- sand under flooded condition shall also be
undertaken. The surface of the consolidated sand shall be dressed to
required levels or slope.

c)

The degree of compaction of compacted fill in place will be subject to

tests by the Engineer as the work progresses, and the Contractor
shall provide the necessary facilities to make such tests. If any test
indicates that the compaction achieved is less than the specified
degree of compaction, the Engineer may require fill placed
subsequent to the last successful test to be removed and
recompacted by the Contractor. Compaction procedure shall be
amended as necessary to obtain satisfactory results.

d)

All filling work shall be finished with a top earth cushion consisting of
locally available soil/excavated earth of specified thickness overlying
the ash/earth fill.

1.12.00

SAMPLING, TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL

1.12.01

General
a)

The Contractor shall carry out all sampling and testing in accordance
with the relevant International Standards and shall conduct such tests
as are called for by the Engineer. Where no specific testing procedure
is mentioned, the tests shall be carried out as per the prevalent
accepted engineering practice to the directions of the Engineer.

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Tests shall be done in the field and at a laboratory approved by the

Engineerin-charge and the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer
the test results in triplicate within three days after completion of a test.
The Engineer may, at his discretion, waive some of the-stipulations
given below, for small and unimportant operations.
b)

1.12.02

Work found unsuitable for acceptance shall be removed and replaced

by the Contractor. The work shall be redone as per specification
requirements and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

Quality Assurance Programme

The Contractor shall submit and finalise a detailed field Quality Assurance
Programme according to the requirements of the specification. On finalised
field quality plan the Engineer shall identity Customer hold points beyond
which work shall not proceed without Written approval from the Engineer.

1.12.03

Frequency of sampling and testing including the methods for conducting the
tests are given in Table-1, The testing frequencies set forth are the desirable
minimum and the Engineer shall have the full authority to carry out or call for
tests as frequently as he may deem necessary to satisfy himself that the
materials and works comply with the appropriate specifications.

1.12.04

Acceptance Criteria
Following Acceptance Criteria shall be followed.
a)

All individual samples collected and tested should pass

deviation when only one set of sample is tested.

without any

b)

For retest of any sample two additional samples shall be collected and
tested, and both should pass without any deviation.

c)

Where a large number of samples are tested for a particular test, 9

samples out of every 10 consecutive samples, tested shall meet the
specification requirement.

d)

Tolerance on finished levels for important filling areas at approved

interval shall be +/- 20 mm. However, for an unimportant area,
tolerance upto +/- 75mm shall be acceptable at the discretion of the
Engineer. However, these tolerances shall be applicable for localised
areas only.

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1.13.00

ANTI TERMITE TREATMENT

1.13.01

Chemical treatment of soils for the protection of buildings from attack of

subterranean termites shall be done as per relevant code and manufacturers
specifications. Treatment shall be got done only from the approved
specialised agencies using the chemical procured directly by the Engineer
in- charge from reputed and authorised dealers. Graduated containers shall
be used for dilution and spraying of the chemical shall be done using hand
operated pressure pumps. Proper check should be kept to ensure that the
specified quantity of chemical is used for the required area during the
operation.

1.13.02

Time of application
Soil Treatment should start when foundation trenches and pits are ready to
take bed concrete/ levelling course in foundations. Laying of bed concrete/
levelling course should start when the chemical emulsion has been absorbed
by the soil and the surface is quite dry. Treatment should not be carried out
when it is raining or soil is wet with rain or sub-soil water. Treatment to the
surface of earth filling within the plinth shall also be done in the same manner
laying the sub-grade for flooring.

1.13.03

Disturbance
The treated soil barrier shall not be disturbed. If for some reasons the treated
soil barriers are disturbed, immediate steps shall be taken to restore the
continuity and completeness of the barrier system.

1.13.04

Treatment for Masonry Foundations & Basements

a)

The bottom surface and the side (Upto a height of 300 mm) of the
excavations made for masonry foundations and basements shall be
treated with the chemical at the rate of 5 litres per square metre
surface area.

b)

After the masonry foundations and the retaining wall of the basements
come up, the backfill in the immediate contact with the foundation
structure shall be treated at the rate of 7.5 litres per Sq.m of the
vertical surface of the substructure for each side. If water is used for
ramming the earth fill, the chemical treatment shall be carried out after
the ramming operation is done by rodding the earth at 150 mm
centres close to the wall surface and spraying the chemical with the
above dosage. The earth is usually returned in layers and the
treatment shall be carried out in similar stages. The chemical
emulsion shall be directed towards the concrete or masonry surfaces
of the columns and walls so that the earth in contact with these
surfaces is well treated with the chemical.

J P MUKHERJI & ASSOCIATES PVT LTD

TSFP

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
EARTHWORK

Section-IX
Sub-Section-IX.2.01
Page - 13 / 15

BID DOCUMENT FOR

CIVIL WORKS FOR FOUNDATIONS OF EQUIPMENT
AND PLANT BUILDINGS
1.14.00

TREATMENT FOR RCC FOUNDATION AND BASEMENTS

In the case of RCC foundations, the concrete mix is dense (being 1:2:4 or
richer). It is therefore unnecessary to start the treatment from the bottom of
excavations. The treatment shall start at the depth of 500 mm below ground
level except when such ground level is raised or lowered by filling or cutting
after the foundations have been cost. In such cases, the depth of 500 mm
shall be determined from the new soil level resulting from the filling or cutting
mentioned above and soil in immediate contact with the vertical surfaces of
RCC foundations shall be treated at the rate of 7.5 litres per square metre.
The other details of treatment shall be as laid down in 1.13.04.

1.15.00

TREATMENT OF TOP SURFACE OF PLINTH FILLING

The top surface of the filled earth within the plinth walls shall be treated with
chemical emulsion at the rate of 5 litres per Sq.m of the surface before the
sand/sub-grade is laid. Holes up to 50 to 75 mm deep at 150 mm centres
both ways shall be made with crow bars on the surface to facilitate saturation
of the soil with chemical emulsion.

1.16.00

TREATMENT AT JUNCTION OF THE WALLS AND THE FLOOR

To achieve continuity of the vertical chemical barrier on inner wall surfaces
from the ground level, a small channel 30x 30 mm shall be made at all the
junctions of walls and columns with the floor (before laying the sub-grade) and
rod holes made in the channel up to ground level 150 mm apart from the
chemical emulsion poured along the channel @ 7.5 litres per Sq.m of the
vertical wall or column surface so as soak the soil right to bottom. The soil
shall be tamped back in to place after this operation.

1.17.00

TREATMENT OF SOIL ALONG EXTERNAL PERIMETER OF BUILDING

After the building is complete, 300 mm deep holes shall be provided in the soil
with iron rods along the external perimeter of the building at intervals of about
150 mm and these holes shall be filled with chemical emulsion at the rate of
7.5 litres per Sq.m of vertical surfaces. If the depth of filling is more than 300
mm, the external perimeter treatment shall extend to the full depth of filling up
to the ground level so as to ensure continuity of the chemical barrier. In case
the earth outside the building is graded on completion of building, this
treatment shall be carried out a completion of such grading.

1.18.00

TREATMENT OF SOIL UNDER APRON (PLINTH PROTECTION) ALONG

EXTERNAL PERIMETER OF BUILDING
Top surface of the consolidated earth over which the apron is to be laid shall
be treated with chemical emulsion at the rate of 5 litres per square metre of
the surface before the apron is laid. If consolidated earth does not allow

J P MUKHERJI & ASSOCIATES PVT LTD

TSFP

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
EARTHWORK

Section-IX
Sub-Section-IX.2.01
Page - 14 / 15

BID DOCUMENT FOR

CIVIL WORKS FOR FOUNDATIONS OF EQUIPMENT
AND PLANT BUILDINGS
emulsion to seep through, holes up to 50 to 75 mm deep at 150 mm centres
both ways may be made with 12 mm diameter mild steel rod on the surface to
facilitate saturation of the soil with the chemical emulsion.
1.19.00

TREATMENT OF EXPANSION JOINTS

Anti termite treatment shall be supplemented by treating with chemical
emulsion through the expansion joint after the sub-grade has been laid @ 2
litres per linear metre of expansion joint.

1.20.00

TREATMENT OF WALLS RETAINING SOIL ABOVE FLOOR LEVEL

Retaining walls like the basement walls or outer walls above the floor level
retaining soil need to be protected by providing chemical barrier by treatment
of retained soil in the immediate vicinity of the walls, so as to prevent entry of
termites through the voids in masonry, cracks and crevices etc. above the
floor level. The soil retained by the walls shall be treated at the rate of 7.5
litres per square metre of the vertical surface so as to effect a continuous
outer chemical barrier, in continuation of the one formed under 1.13.03.

1.21.00

TREATMENT OF SOIL SURROUNDINGS PIPES WASTES AND CONDUITS

When pipes, wastes and conduits enter the soil inside the area of the
foundations, the soil surrounding the points of entry shall be loosened around
each such pipe water or conduit for a distance of 150 mm and to a depth of
75 mm before treatment is commenced. When they enter the soil external to
the foundations, they shall be similarly treated for a distance of over 300mm
unless they stand near the walls of the buildings by about 75 mm.

1.22.00

MEASUREMENTS
All dimensions shall be measured correct to a cm. The measurements for all
the operations described above shall be the plinth area of the building in
square- metres at floor 1 level (Ground floor). Nothing extra shall be
measured for payment.

1.23.00

RATE
The rate for the anti-termite treatment shall include the cost of labour and all
other inputs (except concentrated chemical) involved in all the operations
described above.

J P MUKHERJI & ASSOCIATES PVT LTD

TSFP

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
EARTHWORK

Section-IX
Sub-Section-IX.2.01
Page - 15 / 15

BID DOCUMENT FOR

CIVIL WORKS FOR FOUNDATIONS OF EQUIPMENT
AND PLANT BUILDINGS
TABLE I: FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING AND TESTING
Sl.
No.
1.

Nature of test / characteristics

Suitability of Fill
(a) Grain size analysis

(b)Liquid limit and plastic limit

(c) Shrinkage limit

(d) Free swell index

(e) Chemical analysis
(i) Organic matter
(ii) Calcium carbonate
(iii) PH
(iv) Total soluble Sulphate
2.

Standard Proctor test

3.

Moisture content of fill before

compaction
Degree of compaction of fill

4.
(a)
(b)
(c)

Dry density by core cutter method

or Dry density implace by Sand
displacement method
Relative Density Index
Dry density by proctor needle
penetration

No. of samples &

frequency of test

Remarks

One in every 2000 cum. for each

type and each source of fill material
subject to a minimum of two
samples

Test for soil and

sand

One in every 5000 cum. for each

type and each source of materials

Test for soil

The frequency of
test
shall
be
increased
depending
on
type of soil

One in every 5000 cum.

One in every 5000 cum.

Test for sand and

soil

for each type and each

source of fill materials
One in every 2000cum. for each
type and each source of fill materials

- do i. For foundation filling one for every

foundations for each compacted
layer
ii. For each filling, one for every
1000 sq.m area for each compacted
layer
- Do (i) & (ii)
Random checks to be carried out for
each compacted layer in addition to
tests mentioned under IV (a) above

Test for soil for

determining
optimum moisture
content
dry
density etc.
Test for soil

Test for sand

Test for soil