LOADS:

Roof:
Load Type

Dead Load

Description
5-ply built-up roof
25 mm insulation
Concrete frame
Ceiling
Miscellaneous
TOTAL
*Partitions
TOTAL

Live Load

Roof Live Load

Floors:
Load Type

Description
Floor Covering
Concrete frame
Partitions

Dead Load

Ceiling
Mechanical & Electrical
Miscellaneous
TOTAL

Live Load

Live Load
Exterior Wall
TOTAL

WEIGHT OF CONCRETE IN TYPICAL 10.0M X 15.60 M BAY

Roof:

Longitudinal Girders

Quantity

Depth (m)

Width (m)

0.7

0.75

Transverse Beams

0.65

0.6

Joists
Columns (.6m x .6m)

2
3

1.625

Quantity

Depth (m)

Width (m)

Longitudinal Girders

0.7

0.75

Transverse Beams

0.65

0.6

Joists
Columns (.6m x .6m)

2
6

1.625

Quantity

Depth (m)

Width (m)

7.1

15.6

9.3
0.6
TOTAL

Floor:

9.3
0.6
TOTAL

BUILDING WEIGHTS
Roof:

Roof Dead Load

Exterior Walls (N & S)

2.3

0.2

Exterior Walls (E & W))

2.3

0.2

TOTAL

Floor:
Quantity
Floor Dead Load
Exterior Walls (N & S)
Exterior Walls (E & W))

1
1

Total W (kN) =

22529.5

Depth (m)
8.2
1
1
TOTAL

Width (m)
15.6
1.739130435
1.739130435

MATERIALS:

tion

Amount (Pa)
300
80
5750
250
220
6600

500
7100
960

tion

Amount (Pa)
50
6450
1000
250
250
200

8200

2400
200
2600

Length (m)

Concrete (kPa/m)

Weight kN

10

23.5

370.125

6.75

23.5

123.7275

6.75
0.6

2.4
23.5

301.32
41.2425
836.415

Length (m)

Concrete (kPa/m)

Weight kN

10

23.5

370.125

6.75

23.5

123.7275

6.75
0.6

2.4
23.5

366.606
82.485
942.9435

Length (m)

Weight kN

60.6

6712.056

60.6

55.752

15.6

14.352

6782.16

Length (m)

Weight kN

60.6
56
14

7751.952
97.3913043478
24.347826087
7873.6911304348

Description
Concrete
Steel
Ee

Property
F'c
Fy

LATERAL FORCES

Weight of Roof (Pa)

5361.6346153846

Weight of Floor (Pa)

Fundamental Period:

6044.5096153846

Base Shear:

STOREY FORCES AND OVERTURNING

Value (MPa)
27.5
275
25000

RELATIVE RIGIDITIES OF FRAMES

Longitudinal Frames
Line
Column Size Quantity
1
5
A
0.75
2
B

0.75

0.75

TOTAL

RAL FORCES

Values
Z

0.40

Ca

Results
0.40

1.00

Cv

0.64

R
Na
Nv

8.50
1.00
1.00

hn
WT

12.00
22529.54

SPT
SST

D
C

hn (m)

Ct

T (sec)

12.00
12.00

0.07
0.07

0.47
0.47

Formula

Value

Remarks

DISTRIBUTION OF FOR

amental Period:

N-S
E-W

V=

(_ )/

3599.23

V(max) =

(2.5_ )/

2650.53

V(min) =

0.11_

V(min,Z4) =

(0.8_ )/

governs

991.30
848.17

EY FORCES AND OVERTURNING

Level

12

wh

wh/wh

6782.16

81385.92 0.462761

7873.69113

62989.53 0.358159

7873.69113

31494.76

4
3

8
4

0.17908

4
Total

22529.54226 175870.2

FRAME ANALYSIS R

R
5

Transverse Frames
Line
1

1.5
5

1.5
5

1.5
19.5

5
6
7
TOTAL

Column Size
1

Quantity
1

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.75

1
0.75
1
0.75
1
0.75

1
2
1
2
1
2

Adjusted
2.697

2.175

2.175

2.175

2.175
2.175
2.697

DISTRIBUTION OF FORCES TO FRAMES

Frame

Relative R

R/R

Direct Force

1
2
3
4

2.697
2.175
2.175
2.175

0.165775
0.13369
0.13369
0.13369

0.1657754011
0.1336898396
0.1336898396
0.1336898396

30
20
10
0

900
400
100
0

2.175

0.13369

0.1336898396

-10

100

2.175

0.13369

0.1336898396

-20

400

7
Total
A
B
C

2.697
16.269
6.5
6.5
6.5

0.165775
1
0.333333
0.333333
0.333333

0.1657754011
1
0.3333333333
0.3333333333
0.3333333333

-30

900

7.5
0
7.5

56.25
0
56.25

Total

19.5

Vh

TOTAL

F
1226.565

1226.564607 4906.258
949.3132

4906.2584261549
2175.877791 8703.511

474.6566

13609.7695912244
2650.534384 10602.14

2650.534

24211.9071257512

^2

RAME ANALYSIS RESULTS

DL (kN/m)
Roof
3rd
2nd

R
2.697

2.175

LL (kN/m)
49.5
61.5
61.5

Seismic Force (kN)

4.5
318
11.25
249
11.15
125

Beam Dimensions
Length
Width
Depth

0.7
0.75
0.685

2.175

2.175

2.175
2.175
2.697
16.269

Column Dimensions
Length

0.6

Width

0.6

^2

(^2)/(^2 )

Torsion Force

Direct + Torsion

2427.3
870
217.5
0

0.3452970297
0.1237623762
0.0309405941
0

0.031
0.017
0.008

0.1967754011
0.1506898396
0.1416898396
0.1336898396

217.5

0.0309405941

-0.008

0.1256898396

870

0.1237623762

-0.017

0.1166898396

2427.3
7029.6
365.625
0
365.625

0.3452970297

-0.031

0.1347754011

0.5
0
0.5

0.019
0
0.019

0.3523333333
0.3333333333
0.3523333333

731.25
7760.85

ULTIMATE MOMENT CAPACITY FURNISHED

Mu

2.653

3.425

Mu (-)

871 (say ok)

1125

K
Mu (+)

1.354
444

1.797
590

1.797
590

ULTIMATE MOMENT CAPACITY: = 1.0 & Steel at 1.25 fy ** Mp

K
Mu (-)
K
Mu (+)

3.624
1190
1.871
614

2.466
810

4.639
1523
2.466
810

CONCRETE
BEAM FORCES
700mm x 750mm
d = 685
.+M Tension
.@ Bottom
D
L
E
1.4D + 1.7L + M
1.4(D + L + E) + M
1.4(D + L + E) + M

.9D + 1.4E

.9D + 1.4E

Max Negative
Max Positive
1.4(D+L)
1.1(D+L)

BEAM LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT

W (Dead, kN/m)

FRAME B
61.25

W (Live/ kN/m)

11.25

Mu (-)
Ku
W

-872.2
2.6554424849
0.1148

Req'd (top)

0.0077

Req'd As (top)
Top Bars
Actual As (top)
Actual

3692.15
6-28
3692.15
0.0077

FLOOR 2

Mu (+)

460

Ku

1.4004856032

0.05

Req'd (bottom)

0.0039

Req'd As (bottom)

1870

1/2 As (top)

1846

Bottom Bars

3-28

4-28

Actual As (bottom)

1822.1

2445.45

Actual

0.0038

0.0051

fy (MPa)
f'c (Mpa)
max
min

410
27.5
0.025
0.0034146341

NCRETE DUCTILE MOMEN

Frame B
End 1
M
kN-m

Floor 2
Midspan
M
kN-m
full loading

V
kN

-353
-65
205

275
50
41

258
47
11

58

-489
-90
184

-604.7

470

441.1

460

-837.6

-298.2

397.6

442.4

458

-1068.2

-872.2

512.4

442.4

458

-553

-30.7

190.1

-182.5

-604.7

304.9

-697.7

M
kN-m
checker board
loading

-872.2

From 1 to 2
End 2
M
kN-m

-1068.2
460
455
357.5

BEAM TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT

FRAME B
700mm x 750mm

FLOOR 2

d = 685m
I' = 9.4m

-1068.2
3.2521711333
0.1431272727

W (Dead, kN/m)
W (Live, kN/m)

61.25
11.25

Mp (right)
(M/L)

614
-227
455
228

0.0096
4603.2
8-28
4890.9
0.0102

2302
4-28
2445.45
0.0051

1.4_(+)
Vu
Mp (left)

-1190

(M/L)

213

Vu

668

786

Vc

419

Vs

367

_(10)=(_ _ )_

180 mm

Max. Spacing
(within 2D =

170 mm

1.5m from col)

. = /2 = 685/2 = 340 m

Beyond 1.5m (within shaded area):

Vs
95.8
690 mm
_(10)
Use 340mm spacing

MOMENT-RESISTING SPAC
COLUMN FORCES FRAME B
Remarks
V
kN

303
56
41
519.4
445.2

1ST STORY

D
L
E (to the right)
E (to the left)
1.4D + 1.7L
1.4(D + Lr + E)
1.4(D + Ll + E)
.9D + 1.4Er
.9D + 1.4El

560
COLUMN PROPERTIES
215.3
f'c (Mpa)
330.1

fy (Mpa)

As (mm2)
d (mm)
502.6
394.9

d'/d

Ec (Mpa)
Ic (mm^4)
EcIc (MN-mm2)
r (mm)
Lu (m)

RAME B
m x 750mm

FLOOR 2
d = 685mm
I' = 9.4m

fy (MPa)

410

f'c (Mpa)

27.5

0.85

_=(_+_2)/+1.4_(+)
_=((^ ) _ )/6

-1523
227
504
730
810
-213

_( )= 2/3 (^ ) _ =1676
D = 750
2D = 1500
10
Avfy = 3 x 78.5 x 410 (kN)96555

290

859

Min Stirrups

419

d/4 = 170 mm

440
150 mm

150 mm

. = /2 = 685/2 = 340 mm

e 340mm spacing

_/< _+ _

157.97
410 mm

8 Bar Dia = 224 mm

24 Tie Dia = 240 mm

NG SPACE FRAME
COLUMN B-1
Axial
Moment
Top

Column B-2
AXial
Bottom

768
121
-9
9

156
28
-102
102

90
16
185
185

1665
260
-11
11

1280.9
1232
1257.2
678.6
703.8

266
114.8
400.4
-2.4
283.2

153.2
407.4
407.4
340
340

2773
2679.6
2710.4
1483.1
1513.9

27.5

Dimensional Limitations

410
Width = 600mm > 300mm ok
4824
532
0.128
0.77
25000
1.08 x 10^10
2.7 x 10^14
180 mm
3.25

Min Dim = 600mm = 1 > .4 ok

Max Dim 600mm

COLUMN CAPACITY
1st Storey
Size
Bars
_/_ = (_)/_

(Mpa)

Column moment capacity must be greater than be

P/Ag > .12 f'c = 3.3

_=_/_

Using ACI SP 17A-78 chart "Col. E4 - 60.75"

Find Mu: 622 (> Mu = 292 kN-m); 996 (> Mu =

Col. Moment Capacity, Mp @ = 1; steel @ 1.25 fy

(which may be approximated by using 1.25 As
= 1.25 x .0137 = .0171
= 1.25 x

(_)/(_ )=3.381
Mp

=1676

COLUMN SHEAR

1st Story

V
_/ (kN)
_= (^ ) _ (kN)
_= _/ - _ (kN)
_=2/3 (^ ) _
Tie S = Avfyd/Vs
Smax

Since P/A > .12 f'c, Vc = 225.5498388 kN; Use 12

Smax = 300mm for col B-1. 150mm for col

E
COLUMN SLENDERNESS

Column B-2
Moment
Top

Bottom

-7
-158
158

217
217

-9.8
-231
211.4
-227.5
214.9

303.8
303.8
303.8
303.8

_=(^2 )/ (_)

= _/(1_/(_

= _/(1(_)/(

Column B-1
600mm x 600mm
8 - 28 Ast = 4920

Column B-2
600mm x 600mm
12 - 32 Ast = 9648

3.5583333333

7.7027777778

capacity must be greater than beam capacity since

P/Ag > .12 f'c = 3.3 Mpa

0.0136666667

0.0268

-78 chart "Col. E4 - 60.75"

> Mu = 292 kN-m); 996 (> Mu = 304 kN-m)

acity, Mp @ = 1; steel @ 1.25 fy

be approximated by using 1.25 As)
0137 = .0171
= 1.25 x .0268 = .0335

(_)/(_ )=3.381

(_)/(_ )=5.313

1042 kN-m

1639 kN-m

Column B-1

Column B-2

504

863.3846153846

592.9411764706

1015.7466063349

208.1396119489

225.5498388285

384.8015645217

790.1967675064

902.1993553139
189.2683572909

124.7666961624

Use 12 @ 180mm o.c

Use 12 @ 125mm o.c

133

c, Vc = 225.5498388 kN; Use 12 column ties; A =113 mm2

00mm for col B-1. 150mm for col b-2

OLUMN SLENDERNESS
1st Storey
= _
K (cols)
Beam
_
K (bms)
X = K (cols)
K (bm)
K (eff. Length factor)
KL/r

Pu
Pu (all cols)
_=_/_
EI
_=(^2 )/ (_) ^2
Pc (all cols)
= _/(1_/(_ ))
= _/(1(_)/(_ ))
_

kN-m

Column B-1
Top
Bottom
0.0033230769
0.0066461538
0.0026170213
0.0026170213
2.52
1 fixed end

Column B-2
Top
0.0033230769
0.0066461538
0.0026170213
0.0052340426
1.26

1.5
27.0833333333
> 22 , "Slender"
Max Axial
1281
16427

Min Axial
574

0.39

52

78 x 10^12

2 x 10^12

32392 kN

1025 kN

1.35
24.375
> 22, "Slender"

Remarks
Axial, frame B
(2 x 1281 + 5 x 2773
=((_ _)2.5)/(1+ _ )

= .7

264734 kN
1.06

(2x32932) + 5x(1.5/1.35)^2
5

Cm = 1 for ubnraced cols,

1.097

Max. col Mu = 407

291.802

(Note: Other combinatio

P & M were also investig

COLUMNS: SPECIAL TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT

Ag = 600mm x 600mm
Ac = 508mm x 508mm
f'c (MPa)
fyh (MPa)

Ties Sets @ Spacing a;

S =< 100mm nor .25*L = .25*600 = 150mm
Ash = Total Area of Hoop

_/(.30_ (^ [(_/_ )])/__1)

/(.30(508)
(27.5(360/258)
1
S=
)

_/(0.09_ (^ )/_(^ ))_/(0.09(508

2

S=

Bar Size
10
12

As

16

78.5
113
201

Extent of Special Transverse Reinforcement is the Max

Max. col. Dimension = 600mm
1/6 clear height
500mm

= 3250/6

= 542

Extend minimum of 600mm above & below

Special transverse reinforcement is also required whe

V is the column load at this level
At interior col's this sim is relatively small
1.
2.
3.
4.

End columns are usually critical

Include all beams above the column in question
Vui = (MpA + MpB) + 1.1V(d+L)
At the column in question, calculate the max. mom
by the yielding beam.
Does the column have the capacuty to carry Vu w
Yes: No additional reinf. Required
No: Provide special transverse reinf. Calculated f

Column B-2
Bottom
0.0033230769
0.0033230769
0.0026170213
1 fixed end
1.35
24.375
> 22, "Slender"
Remarks
Axial, frame B
(2 x 1281 + 5 x 2773)

2.5)/(1+ _ )

= .7

32932) + 5x(1.5/1.35)^2 x 32932

m = 1 for ubnraced cols, = .7

Max. col Mu = 407
(Note: Other combination of

P & M were also investigated)

RCEMENT
360000
258064
27.5
410

5*600 = 150mm

/_ )])/__1)
/(.30(508)
(27.5(360/258))/4101
)

0.247

governs

)/_(^ ))_/(0.09(508)27.5/210)
0.326

Ash

0.247 Ash
314
452

77.558
111.644

804

198.588

Use 12 Grade 410 @100mm o.c.

Reinforcement is the Max. of:

= 3250/6

= 542

00mm above & below

ment is also required where column capacity is less than the sum of the shears above.

at this level
m is relatively small

ally critical
he column in question
calculate the max. moment transferred to the column
capacuty to carry Vu with this beam moment?

sverse reinf. Calculated for full height.

FRAME
COLUMN

B
1

BEAM COLUMN JOINT

The Joint S

Roof Beam
Mp/L
1.1 V(D+L)
VuR
3rd Flr. Beam
Mp/L
1.1 V(D+L)
Vu3
2nd Flr. Beam
Mp/L
1.1 V(D+L)
Vu2

Vu above

112
257
369

Note: Vc = 0 if Pu/Ag
192
358
550

192
358
550

1469

Tie Reinforcement

1. Special transverse
2. Column Shear
3. Joint Shear (above

Where beams fra

reinforcemen
Where corner of

Mp from BM

595

beams, the fu
and around b

Allow col. M with

626

Where longitudin

P = Vu

beam, provid

Col. M > Mp

Yes

Special Transvers
Reinf.

No

10 @100mm o.c.

UMN JOINT
_=_ _+ _ - _
= (_+ _)_ - _
=_/

ote: Vc = 0 if Pu/Ag < .12 f'c

ie Reinforcement: Use the min. spacing from

. Special transverse reinforcement

. Column Shear
. Joint Shear (above) calculated as for column shear.
Where beams fram into all four side of columns, use one half of the
reinforcement calculated above.
Where corner of a tied column extends 100 mm or more beyond confining
beams, the full reinforcement shall be provided through the connection
and around bars outside of the connection.
Where longitudinal reinforcement outside the core is unconfined by another
beam, provide the full reinforcement through the connection.

2nd Storey

Column B-1

Column B-2

(Vj-Vc)max (kN)

1431

2455

67.8600139762

2778

d (mm)

532

524

Hoop Spacing (mm)

65

80

s = (_ _ )/(__ )

Anchorage of

_=(_ _)/(65(^ ))= (410(28))/(6527.5)=34

Longitudinal Beams

_ min =8 _ 150, , _ (.)=224

_ (provided) = 538>224 ()
_ (352) = .019_(__)/(^ )
= 1.25
= 1.4
fh= 58(1.012 db)*sqrt(27.5)
= 283 MPa
_= .019*615*(1.25*410238)/1.4(27.5)
_=365mm

Refer to:
"Recommendations for design of Beam Column joints in monolithic reinforced
concrete structures" ACI-ASCE Committee 352 ACE Title No. 73-28 (July 1976)
Reaffirmed 1981

2nd Storey

Column B-1

Beam Asr
Beam Asl
(Asr + Asl)fy (kN)
Vj/ (kN)
Pu/Ag (MPa)
Vc

3694mm2 (6-28)
0
1514.54
1462.3529411765
2.2472222222
0 since Pu/Ag < .12 f'c

Beam Asr
Beam Asl
(Asr + Asl)fy (kN)
Vj/ (kN)
Pu/Ag (MPa)
Vc

1845mm2 (3-28)
0
756
708
1.5944444444
0 since Pu/Ag < .12 f'c

527.5)=34

, _ (.)=224

>224 ()

__)/(^ )

238)/1.4(27.5)

s in monolithic reinforced
Title No. 73-28 (July 1976)

Column B-2
4920mm2 (8-28)
2460mm2 (4-28)
3025.8
2874.1176470588
4.2055555556
419 kN; Pu/Ag > .12 f'c
2460mm2 (8-28)
4920mm2 (4-28)
3025.8
2874.1176470588
4.1194444444
419 kN; Pu/Ag > .12 f'c