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Happy
Thanksgiving!
Normal
discussion
sessions
today/Tuesday:
GA17
No
discussion
session
on
Wednesday/Thursday
Normal
class
on
Wednesday
(Unit
21),
but
no
Quiz
on
Wednesday!
Exam
3
scores
being
processed.
Todays
Concepts:
1) Angular
Momentum
2) Precession
~ext
~ext
~
dL
= 0 =)
=0
dt
~ = constant
=) L
~
dL
=
dt
~ext
~
dL
6 0 =)
=
= ~ext
dt
~ = ~ext dt
=) dL
~ext
~ext
~
dL
= 0 =)
=0
dt
~ = constant
=) L
~
dL
=
dt
~ext
~
dL
6 0 =)
=
= ~ext
dt
~ = ~ext dt
=) dL
~ext
~ext
~
dL
= 0 =)
=0
dt
~ = constant
=) L
~
dL
=
dt
~ext
~
dL
6 0 =)
=
= ~ext
dt
~ = ~ext dt
=) dL
Initial
ACT
!f
= A) 2
!i
B) 1
C) 4
D) 1/2
~ext
~
dL
=
dt
=0
R
ACT answer
Since
the
string
is
pulled
through
a
hole
at
the
center
of
rotation,
there
is
no
torque:
Angular
momentum
is
conserved.
R
R
L1 = I11 = mR 1 = L2 = I 22 = m 2
2
1 2
2
mR 1 = m R 2
4
1
1 = 2
2 = 41
4
2
As
the
puck
spirals
inward,
the
work
done
must
be
positive:
tension
is
in
same
direction
as
inward
component
of
pucks
motion.
R
T~ d~` =
Rf
T dr
T = m acent = m ! 2 r
Ri
Rf
! 2 rdr
Ri
c) ! / 1/r
2
d) ! / 1/r
WT ension =
T~ d~` =
Conservation
of
L:
L = Li
2
=) m r ! =
!=
m Ri2
Ri2
1
= m Ri4 !i2
2
!i
1
!i 2
r
"
1
Rf2
Rf
T dr
Ri
Rf
! 2 rdr
Ri
m Ri4
!i2
1
= m Ri4 !i2
2
1
Ri2
T = m acent = m ! 2 r
1
= m Ri4 !i2
2
Rf
Ri
1
r2
4
Ri2
dr
r3
Rf
Ri
1
= 3Ki
2
Ri
Mechanics Lecture 20, Slide 12
1 2
L2
K = I! =
2
2I
(L = I!)
=)
Kf
L2 /2If
= 2
(L = constant)
Ki
L /2Ii
Ii
mRi2
Ri2
=
=
=
=4
2
2
If
mRf
(Ri /2)
R
K = Kf
Ki
= 4Ki
= 3Ki
Wnet =
Wtension = 3Ki
R
Ki
Another way:
Angular
momentum
is
conserved:
Rf = Ri /2 =) !f = 4!i
1
1
2
K = mv = mR2 ! 2
2
2
2
1
1 Ri
2 2
=) Kf = mRf !f =
16 !i2
2
2
4
1
= mRi2 !i2 (4) = 4Ki
2
R
d
dL d ( I ) dI
= +I
=
=
dt
dt
dt
dt
I
R
dI
+
dt
dI
I + = 0
dt
dI
I dt
2
1
Ri !i
dr
2
! = Ri !i 2
=
2M r
4
r
Mr
dt
dI
dr
2
I = M r =)
= 2M r
1 dr
2
dt
dt
= 2 Ri ! i 3
r dt
Mechanics Lecture 20, Slide 16
Three Dumbells
f
i
Ii
If
Li
~ext
~
dL
=
=0
dt
Lf
!f
Ii
=
!i
If
Kf
Ii
=
Ki
If
Mechanics Lecture 20, Slide 17
Three Dumbells
f
i
Ii
If
Li
1 2 L2
K = I =
2
2I
Lf
=) Kf > Ki
The
increase
in
kinetic
energy
once
again
come
from
work:
Wnet =
Since
the
student
has
to
force
her
arms
to
move
toward
her
body,
she
does
positive
work,
and
increases
K.
Precession
~
dL
~ext =
dt
~ = ~ext dt
dL
The
magnitude
of
the
torque
about
the
pivot
is
= Mgd.
The
direction
of
this
torque
at
the
instant
shown
is
out
of
the
page
(using
the
right
hand
rule).
The
change
in
angular
momentum
at
the
instant
shown
must
also
be
out
of
the
page!
Mechanics Lecture 20, Slide 21
Precession
!
Weight
dL = Ltop d
Aerial
View
!
dL
dL
d
= Ltop
= Ltop
dt
dt
EXT
!
L (t )
d
!
L (t + dt )
pivot
Precession frequency
ext
Ltop
Precession
!
!
dL
ext =
dt
ext = Mgd
In
this
example:
Ltop = I
Direction:
The
tip
of
L moves
in
the
direction
of
.
ext
Ltop
Mgd
=
I
Weight
ACT
!
In
which
direction
does
L point?
!
L
!
L
B
Mechanics Lecture 20, Slide 24
CheckPoint Revote
!
!
dL
ext =
dt
!
L
Torque
is
out
of
the
page
Mechanics Lecture
0, Slide 25
Mechanics
Lecture
220,
S lide
25
ext
=
=
Ldisk
M gd
1
2!
M
R
2
ext
=
=
Ldisk
M gd
1
2!
M
R
2
A challenge!!!
All
of
this
stuff
doesn't
really
seem
practical.
If
you
can't
prove
me
wrong
then
we
should
all
just
get
A's
for
this
course.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cquvA_IpEsA (see
3:00)
Lean
Left
( out
of
page)
Lean
Right
( into
page)
1
I = MR 2
2
= 2 f
d
Mg
L = I
= Mgd
=