COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS

IN THE FACULTY OF
COLLEGE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE SUBJECT
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERING

ARELLANO, LEIDY DONAMAE H.

DARAUAY, PAUL VINCENT F.
ILAO, JOHN JOEL B.
REGANIT, JONALYN C.

ENGR. POLICARPIO L. MABBORANG JR.

PROFESSOR

COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS

INTRODUCTION
Living in an air conditioned space is one of the necessities that people need
nowadays. During hot weather, we prefer to be at a place where it is cold because that can
make us feel comfortable. Especially when we are doing something, in an office for example,
we dont want to feel uncomfortable because it can affect our work. According to studies,
comfortable workplace is a productive workplace. Because when you are in a room that is air
conditioned while working, you will not feel irritated and uncomfortable. When working,
body continuously generating heat that can add up to the factors that affects in maintaining
the desired temperature in a space like equipments and appliances, number of occupants,
lights and outside temperature and humidity.
But in order to maintain the comfort we feel and have energy efficient building, we
must consider the different parameters like the weather condition outside and the heating
ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) inside.

OBJECTIVES
The general objective of this study is to determine the cooling load capacity of the
faculty office of the College of Public Administration. And the specific objectives are;
1. To determine the external loads of the office.
2. To determine the internal loads of the office.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of getting the cooling load capacity of the office is to determine how
to maintain the desired temperature of the room and to make it energy efficient. In knowing
the different parameters that affect the temperature and humidity of the room; we can lessen
the energy that the internal and external loads add up. Using the appliances and lights when
needed can reduce the energy it dissipates. And also the parts of the office where there is leak
like in the doors and windows can also be considered.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Materials
1.
2.
3.
4.

Tape measure
Camera
CAD Software
Paper and Ballpen

Methodology

Walls
QWALL=UACLTDWALLC
Step
1. Determine wall construction and overall heat transfer coefficient.
2. Select wall type which is closest to matching actualwallconstruction.Pay attention to
effect of mass distribution ( inside insulation,outside insulation or evenly distributed ).
3. Go to ASHRAE and select CLTDwall for time of interest ( typically on an hourly
basis).
4. Corrections:
CALCULATE AREA FROM PLANS.
5. qwallU
ACLTDwallc

Glass or Windows
2 components

Conductive:

Solar:

Conductive:
Step
1. Determine U value

qwincon=UACLTDWINC

qwinsol=A(SC)(SCL)

2. Select CLTDwinfrom ASHRAE table 34 or text table 7-38 for time of interest (typically
on an hourly basis)
3. Corrections
CLTDwinc=[CLTDwin+ (25.5-Tr)+(Tm 29.4)
Determine Area from arch plans
4. Qwincon=UACLTDwinc
Solar:
Step
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Determine shading coefficient (Sc) from ASHRAE .

Determine zone type from ASHRAE.
Determine solar cooling load (Scl) from ASHRAE.
Determine area from architechtural plans
Qwinsol=A(Sc)(Scl)

Lights
Qlights=(TLW)(UF)(SAF)(CLF)
TLW=Total Light Wattage
UF=Use Factor-Fraction of lights in use
SAF=Special Allowance (ballast) factor Allowance Factor to Account for Ballast
Losses(Fluorescent -1.2)
CLF=Cooling Load Factor
Step
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Determine total wattage (Electrical Plans)\

Determine use factor (Building Usage)
Determine special allowance factor(Incandescent -1.0 , Fluorescent =1.2)
Use ASHRAE tables for classifications of lights
Use ASHRAE table for hours of operation of lights to determine CLF.
Qlights=(TLW)(UF)(SAF)(CLF)

People

Qplat=(NO)(LHG)
Qplat=(NO)(SHG)(CLF)
Latent load:
Step
1. Estimate number of people,(NO) (BUILDING USAGE)
2. Use ASHRAE table to determine the latent heat gain per person (LHG)
Sensible load:
Step
1.
2.
3.
4.

Estimate number of people (NO)(BUILDING USAGE)

Use ASHRAE table to determine sensible heat gain per person(SENSHG)
Use ASHRAE table to Determine zone type
Use ASHRAE table for cooling load factor (CLF) for the given zone type

Appliances
qs= Q (CLF) Cs
ql= Q (CLF) Cl
qt= qs + ql

Step
1. Determine the power for the appliances.
2. Determine the CLF from the TABLE.
3. Determine sensible coefficient from the TABLE.
4. Determine the latent coefficient from the TABLE.
Ventilation / infiltration
Sensible
qS=1.2q(to-ti)
Latent
ql=3.0q(

Total
Qtotal= qs + ql
Where:
Qt =total flow rate
qs= sensible flow rate
ql= latent flow rate
O= outside condition
I= inside condition
H= moist air enthalpy
W= humidity ratio
Step
1. Determine the flow rate in the door, windows and ceiling.
2. Use TABLE A-2 (Moist Air ) in getting the Humidity Ratio (outside and inside)
3. Use Table A-2 (Moist air ) in getting the Enthalpy ( outside and inside)

FLOOR PLAN

South
East

West
North

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. EXTERNAL

Walls
Hr. #
12
13
14
15

N
11
12
14
16

S
19
28
31
34

E
33
33
33
32

W
13
14
17
22

Correct CLTD:CLTD + (25.5- Ti)+(To-29.4)

Ti= 18
To=42.2
Hr. #
12
13
14
15

N
31.3
32.3
34.3
36.3

S
39.3
48.3
51.3
54.3

E
53.3
53.3
53.3
52.3

W
33.3
34.3
37.3
42.3

Peak @ 15
Wall

Area(

Facin

m2 )

g at
West

26.04

Material

Wall

CLTD

no.

Concrete,

16

sand and

Reference

Correct

U-

Heat

table

CLTD

Factor

Gain(W)

Table

36.6

0.18

171.55

54.3

0.18

145.44

52.3

0.18

245.14

8.3A

gravel
aggregate ,
200mm
South

14.88

Concrete,

34

sand and

Table
8.3A

gravel
aggregate ,
200mm
East

26.04

Concrete,
sand and

32

Table
8.3A

gravel
aggregate ,
200mm
North

27.59

Concrete,

22

Table

sand and

42.3

0.18

210.07

8.3A

gravel
aggregate ,
200mm
The Total Heat Gain for the External Walls = 772.2 Watts
Door
WEST

Materials

Area

U-Factor

Single Glass
Wood, Solid

.3mx.9m
2mx.9m

5.9
1.82

.3mx.9m
2mx.9m

5.9
1.82

DOOR

Correct

Heat

CLTD
36.6

Gain(W)
58.30
119.90

52.3

83.31
171.33

core
EAST DOOR
Single Glass
Wood, Solid

core
The Total Heat Gain for the Door = 432.84 Watts

Windows
Window Area

Materials

SC

U-

Facing

Facto

@
West

r
0.64

Window 1

Insulatin

= 1.56

Window 2

Glass(1/2

= 2.32

air space

0.83

SHGF

Reference

Heat Gain
294
Btu
2
f t day

SHGF for

Window

selected

1=50.01

latitudes of the

Window

North

2=47.59

clear out

Hemisphere

and clear

38.62

(Handbook of

in)

Solar

Fundamentals

W /m2

ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for
Single and
Insulating
Glass with

South

0.83

0.64

1210

Draperies
SHGF for

@Kitchen

selected

= 17.73

latitudes of the

@ C.R =

North

18.58

Widow

Insulatin

(Kitchen)

Glass(1/2

0.21

air space

Window

clear out

Hemisphere

(C.R)=

and clear

158.96

(Handbook of

0.22

in)

Btu
f t day
2

W /m2

Fundamentals
ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for
Single and
Insulating
Glass with

East

Window 1

Insulatin

Window 2

0.83

0.64

1098
Btu
f t day

Glass(1/2

air space

Draperies
SHGF for

Window

selected

1=

latitudes of the

199.54

North

Window

clear out

Hemisphere

2=

and clear

144.25

(Handbook of

177.77

in)

W /m2

Fundamentals
ASHRAE)
Table 3.20
Shading
coefficient for

Single and
Insulating
Glass with
North

None

None

Non

None

Draperies
None

1098

None

Btu
f t day
2

=
144.25
W /m2
The Total Heat Gain for the Windows= 551.22 Watts

B. INTERNAL
Lights

Lamp

Fu(No. of

Wattage(W)

lights

Fb

CLF

No. of fixtures: No. of

Heat

lights

Gain

372.4

Reference

used/ No.
of lights)
Fluorescent

Incandescent

40

50

1.2
1.3

0.97
0.97

4Fixtures: 2 Lamps
5Fixtures:1 Lamp

1.0

0.01

2Fixtures: 1 Lamp

Table 4.1

8
252.2
1

Lightning
The Total Heat Gain for the lights = 625.68 Watts

Appliances
Appliances

Television

Laptop

Computer

Printer

Water

Charger: Mobile

Dispenser

Personal

fan
3

40

No. of

Charger
9

Appliances
Wattage(W)

150

60

75

35

350

Ceili

CLF
(CLF= If it

0.85

0.85

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

0.33
0.17

49.5

19.8

24.75

11.55

98.18

.33

11.2

Load(W)
Latent Cooling

25.5

10.2

12.75

5.95

59.5

.17

6.8

Load(W)
Total Heat

75

270

75

35

156.68

0.5

54.0

does not run

for 24hrs a
day)
Table 4.11
Coefficient:
Sensible
Latent
(For
Unhooded
Appliances,
Table 4.7)
Sensible
Cooling

Gain
The Total Heat Gain for the Appliances = 670.24 Watts

C.Infiltration/Ventilation
Average daily wind speed is computed every month, the data base that will be used is the
average wind speed for March which is 4 mph.
2
Total Area of Ventilation (Kitchen, C.R, Doors and Windows) = 0.3 m

Area

2
0.3 m

Enthalpy

Inside:50.998 kJ/kg

Wind Speed
Air Velocity

Outside:186.092 kJ/kg
4 mph
3
1.2 m /h

Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Humidity Ratio

18 C
42.2 C
Inside: 55.74 g/kg

Sensible Load
Latent Load
Total Load
Reference

Outside:12.99 g/kg
9.58 W
42.32 W
51.9 W
Steam Table A-2

The Total Heat Gain for the Infiltration/Ventilation= 51.9 Watts

TOTAL LOADS
A. EXTERNAL
q= 1756.26 watts
B. INTERNAL
q=1295.92 watts
C. INFILTRATION/VENTILATION
q=51.9 Watts

CONCLUSION
From the research that weve made, we can conclude that in determining the different
factors that affecting the cooling load capacity of the building, we can be able to have idea on
how to maintain the temperature of the room and have an energy efficient building. That
having a good outdoor and indoor design conditions can make the people inside the building

feel comfortable. Indeed, air conditioning is a big help for us especially during hot weather to
have comfort and coolness in the building we are staying.

APPENDICES

TABLES

DOCUMENTATIONS

Main Door

Waiting Area (Lobby)

Faculty Desks

Kitchen

Secretaries Office

Deans Office

Comfort Room

Windows (outside)

REFERENCES

Cooling and Heating Load Calculation Manual by Faye C. McQuiston and

Jeffrey D. Spitler ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration & Air-

Conditioning Engineers
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 1997
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2001
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2009
Handbook for Fundamentals of ASHRAE 2011