EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

You are allowed a pen/pencil only. Scrap paper will be provided to you if necessary.
The following items are NOT allowed: notes, textbook, calculator, crib sheet, cell phones,
PDAs, etc.

Honor Code:
On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this exam."
All cases of academic dishonesty will be immediately reported to the Dean of Students Office.
Academic dishonesty includes copying homework from another student or resource, cheating on
an exam or quiz, modifying a graded document to gain more points, etc.

Print Name:________________________________
Sign Name:________________________________
Date:_____________________________________

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

Formula Sheet
The following formulas are provided to help you in this exam. You are expected to know what
they are and how they are used.

(, ) =

(0 ) =

(1 cos 0 )
2

= (1 cos )
2
1
(cos 0 1)0
=
0
=

=0

1
()
2

0 =

/2
1

4 /2 0

() = 2

0 0

2
cos(0 ) 0
=
0

(0 )
+ =0 (0 )
(0 )

2
()

() =

= (20 + 1 )
1 + cos 0
(0 ) = 2 0
sin 0

=1,3,5,...

sin

sin() + =0 ()

=1,3,5,

=1,3,5,

sin()
sin

+ sin(0 )
=1

4 ||3

sin = cos 2 =
0

cos2 sin2 =
0

(cos sin2 cos 2 ) =

0

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________
I.

UF ID: ________________________

TRUE/FALSE, Circle your choice (2 points each)

1. The lift force is always perpendicular to the chord line.

7. Induced drag acts parallel to the local relative wind of a finite wing.

8. The vorticity field is always solenoidal (i.e. divergence-free).

9. A vortex filament can wrap around onto itself.

2. Wing tip vortices are driven by the pressure difference between the upper and
lower surfaces of a wing.
3. The geometric angle of attack on a wing is always less than the effective angle of
attack.
4. The induced drag is not a function of wing geometry.
5. The zero lift angle of attack for a symmetric airfoil is always zero.
6. Induced drag coefficient is proportional to

II.

CL3.

SHORT ANSWER (point values marked)

10. Consider Prandtls original concept of a single horseshoe vortex to replace a finite span
wing as shown in the figure. Discuss the problems associated with this method and what
was done to correct the short comings. (7 points)

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

11. Explain why there is an induced drag on a finite span wing even though the analysis
developed in class is for I3 flow. Be sure to include a discussion of the incoming velocity
vector. (8 pts)

12. Given two possible shapes of a trailing edge, (a) state/draw the conditions for the top and
bottom surface velocities at point a that satisfy the Kutta condition (for each case), (b)
state the Kutta condition in term of the vortex sheet strength at point a (8 pts)

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

13. Draw a representative cl vs. curve for a thin, cambered infinite wing and compare it to
CL vs. eff and CL vs. curves for a thin finite cambered airfoil, please specifically
comment about the difference in angle of attack intercept and lift slope for 2-D vs. 3-D
bodies. (7 points)

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

Problem 1:
Consider a two-dimensional thin airfoil with a mean camber line given by the equation:

where h is the maximum camber.

2
= 4

a) Determine the circulation distribution on this airfoil in the transformed coordinates ()

(8 pts.)
b) Determine the sectional coefficient of lift. (7 pts.)
c) Find the zero lift angle of attack. (7 pts)
d) The moment coefficient about the leading edge can be shown to be

, = (1 2 )
4 4
Use that expression to determine the moment about the aerodynamic center for this
airfoil. (9 pts)

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________
Problem 1 Continued:

UF ID: ________________________

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________
Problem 1 Continued:

UF ID: ________________________

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________

UF ID: ________________________

Problem 2:
Consider an elliptical circulation distribution on a finite wing of wingspan b.
a) Given a circulation distribution of
() = 1

2 2

where o is the circulation at the center of the wing as shown in the figure below.
Calculate the lift per unit span L(y). Is the lift at the wing tips physically valid? (6 pts)

b) Calculate the total lift coefficient CL. You will need to use the coordinate

transformation = 2 . Leave your answer in terms of constants and b. (9 pts)

c) The downwash for this elliptic circulation distribution is

() =

Using this, calculate the induced angle of attack, i, assuming small angles. (7 pts)

d) The generalized Fourier series for the circulation distribution over a finite wing is
() = 2

=1,3,5,

sin()

Determine the value of the An coefficients if the elliptic circulation distribution is written
in this way.(5 pts extra credit)

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________
Problem 2 Continued:

UF ID: ________________________

EAS 4101 - Aerodynamics Spring 2013

4/1/13, Exam 2
Name: ________________________
Problem 2 Continued:

UF ID: ________________________