I.

INTRODUCTION
During the last decades the number of vehicles on our roads has
increased exponentially. Personal mobility has increased wide length and is
nowadays taken for granted and seen as an acquired right. This increased
mobility has resulted in an increase of traffic congestion, pollution and
accidents. The increased mobility and the demands of improved traffic safety
mean an increased need of correct and in real-time available information.
Increasing the capacity of the roadways is expensive and in some areas
where land is scarce, is not an option. Improving the efficiency of the current
transportation system through the implementation of advanced technologies
may alleviate traffic congestion and decrease the vehicle crash-related
fatality rate. Traffic surveillance is one of the most important components of
this approach.
Traffic congestion may be alleviated by improving the efficiency of the
current transportation system through the implementation of advanced
technologies. Traffic surveillance is one of the most important components of
such an approach, and real-time travel information is useful for advanced
travel advisory systems. Emergency management agencies such as police,
fire stations, and ambulance dispatchers may also benefit from real-time
traffic information in routing their vehicles through the transportation
network to save lives. Roadway safety and efficiency will be significantly
enhanced by employing vehicle sensing by counting the number of vehicles

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that will pass through a certain point that also capable of providing low-cost,
scalable, and distributed data acquisition of road conditions thru the number
of cars information on that certain area.
Such simple counting vehicle system applications can acquire or
predict information about different traffic metrics such as traffic speed,
volume and density. In its simplest form it cannot do a lot, but its strength
comes from its simplicity, but well-gained benefits and efficiency.

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II. OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this project was to develop an inexpensive and
simple sensor network prototype, which encompasses a cost-effective
architecture for traffic measurement thru installing vehicle sensing by
counting the number of vehicles that will pass through a certain area that
will bring benefits in the transportation system. Also, one of the main
objectives is to develop a simulator which can utilize in traffic monitoring
thru primarily counting with low maintenance requirement.
III. SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The scope of this project entails only on creating a full-functioning
vehicle sensing system that can be use as a traffic monitoring. It will be
capable of detecting and counting vehicles thru employing vehicle sensing
that will determine the number of vehicles that will pass through a certain
point or area which can help to identify or predict if traffic will occur. This
provides a remedy for those drivers who are in post-haste.

This vehicle

sensing system is limited only in providing information about the number of

vehicle that will pass through at a certain area via a photocell that was
installed.

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IV. METHODOLOGY
The Vehicle Sensing Device utilized simple components namely
Arduino Mega, LabVIEW Interface for Arduino (LIFA), a plain breadboard, 10kOhm resistor, super bright light emitting diode (LED), photo resistor, and
connecting wires.
First, the LED and the photo resistor was placed on the breadboard
directly opposite of each other.
Then, the pin A/O of Arduino Mega was connected to the positive
terminal of the photo resistor that was in-series with the 10k-Ohm resistor.
The 5-volt source from the Arduino was connected to the other pin of the
10k-ohm resistor and on the positive terminal of the LED.
Lastly, LIFA code was being set up and take note that the most
significant part is the National Instruments VISA for it is the sub-VI that will
convert signals from Arduino to LabVIEW. In this way, the Vehicle Sensing
Device using Arduino can manipulate using LabVIEW.
VEHICLE SENSING DEVICE BLOCK DIAGRAM VIA LABVIEW

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FRITZING DIAGRAM FOR ARDUINO, PHOTOCELL AND LED (DIAGRAM MODEL)

VEHICLE SENSING SYSTEM AT TESTED VIEW

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V. DATA AND RESULTS

It is not even guaranteed that a count will occur at a shortest given
distance within an interval between two or more chronological vehicle that
will pass through a sensor. On that note, we need to have enough samples in
order to distinguish the appropriate distance needed from one sample (car)
to another if the system still able to detect at an approximate set of distance,
and then count it via light-controlled variable resistor (photo resistor). The
number of samples needed is of course determined and given by the
researchers. If we wish to merely detect a vehicle and examined the
effectiveness of the counting ability of the system, we need at least one
sample (car) which will be followed by another sample with an estimated
distance that will be experimented and eventually find out when the vehicle
is passing the sensor.

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DATA RESULTS THROUGH EXPERIMENTATION

DISTANCE

DOES MANAGE TO
DETECT
(YES OR NO)

VEHICLE 1
VEHICLE 2

AT INITIAL DISTANCE
10 CM AWAY FROM

YES
YES

VEHICLE 3

THE VEHICLE 1
8 CM AWAY FROM

YES

THE VEHICLE 2

EXPERIMENTATION ON THE INTERVAL DISTANCES OF THE VEHICLES

IN CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE (FRONT PANEL).

1st Vehicle

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2nd vehicle (10 cm from the 1st vehicle)

3rd vehicle (8 cm from the 2nd vehicle)

As it turns out, the photocell manage to detect and count the number
vehicles that pass through on it, with the researchers given distances.
Therefore, the vehicle sensing system, in actuality, can regulate its role in
detecting and counting the number of cars that will pass through it.

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VI. CONCLUSION
The ARDUINO MEGA is a microcontroller that enables its users to
incorporate programming and electronic design to create a program of their
desire. Using certain devices such as LDR (light dependent resistor), and
some connecting wires, a simple machine, as it is connected and operated in
a system-design platform using LABVIEW, such as a vehicle sensing system
can be created. In this case, the use of ARDUINO has become the building
block of our device. It drives the whole mechanism to work, sending signals
and commands to LDR for the vehicle sensing to function.
The device is simple to understand. Using the LDR as the sensor, the
number of vehicles that detected by the system that set in motion thru
LABVIEW can be displayed on the monitor screen. The characteristic of the
LDR, as being light dependent, has been used to create a program that
counts the number of vehicle that will pass through a certain point. Once a
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vehicle blocks light on the LDR, the resistance changes and is then read by
the ARDUINO unit. The sudden change in resistance and voltage is then
received by the microcontroller, and with the use of virtual instrument
workbench (VI) codes, every time a vehicle blocks the light from the LDR; a
number count will increased and displayed.
Overall, the objective of the project is to use the ARDUINO to create a
system that will be operated in LABVIEW which can display an output of the
device. Furthermore, adding a little twist to it enabled the device to be a
great help within the society especially in the traffic agencies. Consequently,
ARDUINO microcontrollers can be used for a lot more applications other than
a vehicle sensing system. It only goes to show how far a user can manipulate
and program projects using the ARDUINO.
VII. RECOMMENDATION
As it said, traffic congestion may be alleviated by improving the
efficiency of the current transportation system through the implementation
of advanced technologies. Real-time traffic surveillance is one of the most
important components of such an approach, and real-time travel information
is useful for advanced travel advisory systems. Emergency management
agencies may also benefit from real-time traffic information in routing their
vehicles through the transportation network to save lives. Real-time traffic
information occurs when the information or data gathered at one area thru
this system will be transmitted at the same time to those who are in need.
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Thus, for the future work of innovators, we researchers recommended to

increase the capacity of this work thru employing remote sensing and
communication technologies capable of providing low-cost, scalable, and
distributed data acquisition of road conditions.

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