JHAO

Westmead International School
College of Information Technology & Computer Studies
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter discusses several introductions about the proposed study,
statement of the problem, rationale of the study, current state of technology,
scope and limitations, and lastly, the definition of terms.
Introduction
Nowadays, vending machines are used in public places and convenience
stores. These can be seen displayed almost everywhere, be it in shops, banks,
schools, companies, and even hotels. Its mere presence contributes to
convenience to the part of the customers as they are given a quick solution to
their needs depending on the items these machines can offer.
A vending business represents the door to a great opportunity. Unlike
other businesses that take a considerable amount of time to put up and this
business has the potential to turn an average person into an independent
business owner virtually overnight. That quick start up however does require the
purchase of some necessary equipment and merchandise, which means that it
involves overhead costs, as most businesses do. Thankfully, a vending operator
has several avenues available to help keep those initial and ongoing costs to a
minimum.
This study is formed through seeking a more convenient way these
machines can bring to the end-users by maximizing its functions. In this view,
VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine
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proponents have thought of a unique way for customers to get a full benefit out of
this machine by inventing a Vendo machine robot that can help or serve many
people. The conceptual processes of the VENDOBOT are executed and
completed using the developers technical skills and knowledge in terms of
various essential programming languages, basic circuitry and assembling special
component to bring about this serviceable VENDOBOT: Automated Soda
Vending Machine.
This project was initiated to solve various irregularities and issues relating
to the poor quality control and wasteful time consumption that a typical person
who need of going to a convenience store buying a drinks. Furthermore, the
proposed project was designed to maximize the ease of mobility.
Statement of the Problem

This project study entitled VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending
Machine aims to develop a robotic soda dispensing machine that offers
convenience to its end-users.
Specifically, it aimed to:
1. Design and assemble an automated soda vending machine with
robotic arm;

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2. Develop a system with payment-related transaction module capable of

accepting and validating bill and coin denominations and dispensing of
excess payment;
3. Design and develop an interface that allows user to choose from 3
different variants of sodas and their respective sizes;
4. Develop a machine that accurately dispenses selected soda; and
5. Develop a system that generates daily transaction reports;
Rationale of the Study
Technology, which basically refers to bringing together tools that ease
creation, use and exchange of information, has a major goal of making tasks
easier to execute as well as solving mankinds problems. As technology
continues to advance and direct even more easiness in our lives anything can
now be automated.
In this study the principal focus is the realization of an automated soda
vending machine in the public places which will maximize customers or users,
since other companies are always looking for ways to reduce time efficiency.
The proposed design is intended for companies or other businesses who
serve soft drinks and other soda beverages. The design provides mini store with
a machine that will precisely dispense soda that the consumers while reducing
the required human labor to perform it. It is very timely because technology

3

nowadays is rapidly changing and so keeping pace with the demand in the
business industry is always a necessity.
The automated soda vending machine and dispenser expedite the
dispensing and serving of soda at canteen and convenient store thus minimizes
the man work which the robot arm only serves the soda to the user that they
choose. By means of automated machines, manual handling of soda will be
eliminated thus, choosing the soda and dispensing process more hygienic. The
use of different sizes of paper cup avoids the loose or loss of cups in the cylinder
holder and also the dispensing container removes the concern of dirt by manual
dispensing of soda.
Furthermore, this design prevents wastages or losses by eliminating the
spillage of soda as well as break of paper cups due to mishandling. Therefore it
will contribute to the full utilization of the canteens resources. The machine is
user-friendly making it very simple to operate. The customers will only have to
deal with the touch screen tablet attached in the machine for them to choose the
different variety of sodas that indicates the specific soft drinks to be served by the
robot arm. With this, labor cost will be minimized and will also give the canteens
or companies owners the opportunity to attract more customers by its innovation.
A product such an automated soda vending machine device has
numerous potential uses, in business settings.
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Expand discussion
Current State of Technology

Through the information that is being gathered from researching and
patent searching that has been conducted it evidently shows that there are
different types of soda vending machine that has been invented and patented
from the past years up to now. The original focus of the patent search was to find
the variations and plot the evolutionary phases that the soda vending machine
dispensers had been undergone. This shows that the reach of technological
innovations continues to grow, changing all industries as it evolves.
Liquid Vending machine is an automatic beverage dispensing apparatus
comprising of the conveyor means including a flat, narrow, horizontal surface
located adjacent a lower portion of said assembly and extending from said cup
dropping station to an operator station at a front end of said modular assembly,
said surface being adapted to receive and support a cup dropped thereon while
said cup is filled with a beverage and is then moved away from said beverage
filling station; said conveyor means including means for automatically moving a
cup on said surface from said cup dropping station to said operator station. It is
an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive and easy way to add

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automatic beverage dispensing capability to an ice-dispensing beverage

dispenser.
It is another object of this invention to provide a narrow, modular,
automatic beverage dispensing assembly for attachment to an ice dispenser. It is
a further object of this invention to provide such a modular assembly with two
separate subassemblies to provide greater flexibility in installing and interfacing
with an existing beverage dispenser. It is another object of the invention to
provide such a modular assembly with a compact, safe conveyor.
In additional, Beverages for Dispensing Machine is an automatic

dispensing system that relates to an automatic drink dispensing system and
more specifically to a completely, self-contained drink dispenser for use with a
Post-mix system. The system automatically and sequentially dispenses cups, the
necessary beverage ingredients, applies a lid over the filled cup, marks the lid
with the designated flavor, and in turn delivers the packaged product. The
development of a self-contained automatic dispensing system would minimize
handling and substantially reduce the time necessary in the preparation of the
drink. Therefore, in order to satisfy the requirement of immediate service, drinks
have been prepared ahead of time and left to stand until such time when they are

6

needed. An efficient automatic dispensing system would eliminate the need for
stock piling large quantities of drinks prior to peak sales periods.
In addition, the automatic beverage dispensing apparatus, that has been
found, is needed for establishments of the cafeteria or snackbar type that are
based on self-service by their customers. Such establishments have large
variations in customer demand, with peak loads during lunch hours, coffee
breaks and intermissions, and relatively light demand at other times.
Moreover, A narrow, modular automatic beverage dispensing assembly to
be attached to an existing ice dispensing beverage dispenser, to provide
automatic beverage dispensing capability. The modular assembly includes two
separate subassemblies; the first subassembly includes an automatic cup
dropper, and the second subassembly includes an automatic beverage
dispensing means and an automatic conveyor. The existing beverage dispenser
to which the modular assembly of this invention is attached is modified by adding
thereto an automatic ice dispenser that feeds ice into the attached modular
assembly.
Scope and Limitations

VENDOBOT is
an
automated
soda
vending
machine
that
can
automatically dispense drinks with the use of robotic arm for the user. It is to be
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navigated through a touch screen panel that will allow the user to choose from 3
different variants of sodas. It also detects and accepts any kind of Philippine bill
and coin denominations; however, the proponents suggest using lower bill
denomination like 20 peso bill due to handling of change payments that is
divisible by 5 peso coin. In additional, the touch screen panel will inform the user
about the available change that the machines still have.
The developed machine composed of different cup dispensers for the
three cup size options such as Small which can carry 8oz, Medium for 12oz and
Large for 16oz. Each cup dispenser has the capacity to carry 20 pieces of cups.
The machine can dispense only one type of soda at a time. It also has voice
feedback to inform the user on what the machine processing. Furthermore, this
machine uses cube ice not crashed ice. Every 4 hours need to replenish the ice.
Moreover, the VENDOBOT has 2 categories: User Panel and Admin
Panel. The Admin is the only one who can navigate the Admin Panel to replenish
soda, cups and ice and get the daily transaction report.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined theoretically and operationally for clarity of
thoughts among readers.
Arduino Microcontroller. It is an open source platform used for building
electronics projects which consists of both physical programmable circuit board
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(often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software or IDE that runs

on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board
(Stewart, 2010). In this study, it is using as the main controller of all hardware
components of the machine.
Automate. It is the act of converting to an automatic operation ( Nagayo,
2007). In this study, it is the process undertaken to eliminate manual intervention
of user in machine.
Bill Acceptor. It is the device that accepts and reads cash by
ddenomination in order to accurately register customer credits (Manuever, 2011).
In this study, the bill acceptor is the hardware component that is responsible for
accepting bills, specifically Php20 bill.
Coin Hopper. It is a container where the coins that are immediately
available for payouts are held and the mechanical device that rotates coins into
the coin tray when a player collects credits or coins (Sternely, 2008). In this study,
it is the hardware mechanism responsible of releasing/dispensing excess
payment.
Dispenser. It is a container so designed that the contents can be used in
prescribed amount (Fisher, 2002). In this study, it is the repository which holds
the three different varieties of sodas but dispenses/releases definite volume of
soda when prompt.
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Hardware. It is the general term for the physical artifacts of a technology

(Beynon, 2005). In this study, it refers to all tangible components used in
realization of the project.
LCD. It is a digital display that uses liquid crystal sells that change
reflectivity in an applied electric field; used for portable computer displays,
watches, etc (Canlas, 2005). In this study, it is the monitor display in which the
user should use in order to navigate menus.
Microcontroller. It is a small computer on a single integrated circuit
containing a processor core, memory, and a programmable input/output
peripherals (Albano, 2003).In this study, Arduino and Raspberry Pi use as
microcontroller to develop the machine.
Power Supply. It is a device that supplies electrical energy to one or more
electric loads (Johnson, 2002). In this study, it the electric source of all
components of a computer.
Programming.
It
is
the
process
of
designing,
writing,
testing,
debugging/troubleshooting, and maintaining the source code of computer

programs (Lutz, 2006). In this study, it refers to the core of the system which
states all arguments needed for the system to run and be functional.

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Prototype. It is an original, full-scale and usually working model of a new

product or new version of an existing product (Maloney, 2003). In this study, this
refers to the VENDOBOT machine.
Python. It is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming
language with dynamic semantics used as a scripting or glue language to
connect existing components together (Balica, 2015). In this study, it is used as a
the programming language to program the all the hardware to connect to each
other.
Raspberry Pi. It is a small, single-board computer developed for
computer science education (Williams, 2011). In this study, Raspberry Pi was
used for the set-up of the touch screen display and speaker.
Robotic Arm. It is a type of mechanical arm, usually programmable, with
similar functions to a human arm (Wai, 2007). In this study, the robotic arm is the
primary hardware component of the machine that enables automatic soda
dispensing mechanism.
Servo Motor. It is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows precise
control of angular or linear position, velocity and acceleration (Firoozian, 2014).
In this study, the servo motor enables actuation and maximizes the degree of
freedom of the serial arm.

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Touchscreen Technology. It is an important source of input device and

output device normally layered on the top of an electronic visual display of an
information processing system (Gray, 2013). In this study, it is the hardware
component of the design that enables user-computer interactivity.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter discusses and presents review of conceptual and research

literature, synthesis and conceptual framework that serve as the reference for the
development of the proposed study. It also includes the related studies that help
the proponents conceptualize and formulate the study.
Conceptual Literature
In this chapter, the proponents used different concepts to provide more
information about the study. It also includes the related studies that helped them
conceptualized and formulate the study.
The Advent of Vending Machines. The world of technology is always

striving to reveal the latest inventions that affects the human lives. One of these
inventions is that of vending machines dispense products to customers without
the involvement of staff or human assistance on a 24-hour basis. Vending
machines are one of the few things keeping people away from the dream of a
cashless society. The devices, which offer up an array of items for a little bit of
pocket change. Are silent but prevalent. They represent some of our most

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technologically advanced furniture, and theyll probably always be there for us in

our time of need.
According to Roberts (2001), vending machines are constructed primarily
from four major raw materials: galvanized steel, Lexan or other plastic, acrylic
powder coatings, and polyurethane insulation.
The bulk of the machine is constructed from galvanized steel ranging from
10 gauge to 22 gauge in thickness. The thicker gauges are used for the outside
cabinet, external doors, and internal tank. Thinner gauges are used for internal
doors and plates, can stacks, and mechanisms such as coin validators and
product trays.
Lexan, a tough polycarbonate plastic, is used in the front panels of the
vending machine. Lexan is very difficult to break, flame retardant, relatively easy
to shape, and can be treated to restrict UV rays, light, and heat transmission.
Product logos, names, and illustrations are silk-screened on Lexan sheets, which
are installed in channels in the doors of the vending machines.
Acrylic powder coatings are colored powders used to "paint" the surfaces
of vending machines. The powder is applied in a uniform layer and baked on
during the manufacturing process. Acrylic coatings withstand the rigors of
weather and abuse better than paints that are applied wet. In addition, acrylic
powders more readily meet governmental environmental standards.
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Polyurethane foam provides the insulation for the inside of the vending
machine. The foam is blown between the outer cabinet and internal tank of the
machine, where it cures into a very tough, rigid material. In addition to thermal
insulation, the stiff foam adds structural stability to both the cabinet and tank of
the machine.
Some manufacturers, such as Dixie-Narco, also make the complicated
electronic devices used in vending machines, while others purchase them premade and install them as part of the manufacturing process. These components
include bill and coin validators, computer control boards, refrigeration units, and
lighting.
Robotics Mechanism as Used in Automated Vending Machine . A robot is a
machine capable of physical motion for interacting with the environment. Physical
interactions include manipulation, locomotion, and any other tasks changing the
state of the environment or the state of the robot relative to the environment. A
robot has some form of mechanisms for performing a class of tasks. A rich
variety of robot mechanisms has been developed in the last few decades. In this
chapter, we will first overview various types of mechanisms used for generating
robotic motion, and introduce some taxonomy of mechanical structures before
going into a more detailed analysis in the subsequent chapters.

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According to Asada (2013) A robot mechanism is a multi-body system with

the multiple bodies connected together. We begin by treating each body as rigid,
ignoring elasticity and any deformations caused by large load conditions. Each
rigid body involved in a robot mechanism is called a link, and a combination of
links is referred to as a linkage. In describing a linkage it is fundamental to
represent how a pair of links is connected to each other. There are two types of
primitive connections between a pair of links, as shown in Figure 3.1.1. The first
is a prismatic joint where the pair of links makes a translational displacement
along a fixed axis. In other words, one link slides on the other along a straight
line. Therefore, it is also called a sliding joint. The second type of primitive joint is
a revolute joint where a pair of links rotates about a fixed axis. This type of joint is
often referred to as a hinge, articulated, or rotational joint. Combining these two
types of primitive joints, we can create many useful mechanisms for robot
manipulation and locomotion. These two types of primitive joints are simple to
build and are well grounded in engineering design. Most of the robots that have
been built are combinations of only these two types.
According to Staples (2015) A robotic arm can be any of a number of

mechanical, programmable devices that are designed to manipulate objects in a
way that is similar to the human arm. The robotic arm is one of the most useful
pieces of technology introduced in the 20th century, and quickly became a

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foundation in many areas of manufacturing. It can be used for many different jobs
and functions that may be too tedious, difficult or dangerous for a human to do.
You might first think of the automobile industry when thinking about robotic arms,
but they can be used for many other useful tasks besides welding and painting
auto parts.
According to Smith (2013), Robot manipulators are created from a

sequence of link and joint combinations. The links are the rigid members
connecting the joints, or axes. The axes are the movable components of the
robotic manipulator that cause relative motion between adjoining links. The
mechanical joints used to construct the robotic arm manipulator consist of five
principal types. Two of the joints are linear, in which the relative motion between
adjacent links is non-rotational, and three are rotary types, in which the relative
motion involves rotation between links.
The Use of Raspberry PI and Arduino Microcontrollers in Automated

Vending Machines. A microcontroller is a compact microcomputer design to
govern the operation of embedded systems in motor vehicles, robots, office
machines, complex medical devices, mobile radio transceivers, vending
machines, home appliances and various other devices. A typical microcontroller
includes a processor, memory and peripherals.
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The
proponents
use
raspberry
pi
as
the
as a main controller of the machine. It serves as a small computer where it is

connected to the touch screen monitor. It is also connected In the speaker for
voice commands. Raspberry Pi are more capable to use for sounds than arduino.
An arduino is a single-board microcontroller and a software suite for
programming. It is designed for an Atmel AVR processor and features on board
I/O support. The software consists of a standard programming language and the
boot loader that runs on the board.
The Arduino microcontroller board has 54 digital input/output pins (of
which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware
serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with
an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
The proponents used arduino for it to handle all the hardware used for
machine. Arduino are more capable for handling hardware because it is
purposely designed for manipulating hardware
According to Aalmeda (2014) Because of the broadness of robotics, we
define it as hobby robotics; these systems are not too complex, and it is possible
to build them by oneself. Common microcontrollers in hobby robotics are: Atmel
AVR
microcontrollers,
Microchip
Technology
PIC
microcontrollers,
and

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Microcontrollers based on ARM technology. Quite often third parties have created
development boards and environments based on microcontrollers mentioned
herein before. For example: Arduino (AVR), BASIC Stamp (PIC) and Lego NXT
(ARM). The necessities for developing HomeLab that are described here are
based on the AVR ATmega128 microcontroller. Generally we can classify the
following four properties: - price, physical characteristics, development
environment and customer support.
Here the development environment is PC software, which allows creating
and compiling programs, uploading programs to the microcontrollers and bridging
in the programs during running in order to detect possible faults. How easy and
comfortable it is to do all that becomes decisive because during the development
phase of the program it will be the primary working area. All this leads to the
fourth characteristic, which is customer support. It is important that receiving help
and support for solving possible issues is made as easy as possible. By
considering all four mentioned properties , it should be possible to find the
development board needed.
According to Dsnoell (2014) the Raspberry Pi was created with the goal of
enlightenment in mind. This ultra-tiny computer was designed to be small and
cheap so that schools could easily afford them in order to teach students about
computers in the classroom. This is great for two reasons, the first is that it

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provides extremely cheap access to a computer, and second it is a great tool for
learning more about computers
According to Anderson (2010). With the Arduino Robot, you can acquire
skills in electronics, mechanics, and software. It is a tiny computer on wheels. It
comes with a number of of project examples you can easily replicate, and it is a
powerful robotics platform that you can hack to perform all sorts of tasks.
Servo Motor as a mechanism for Automated Vending Machine. A
Servo motor is a rotary actuator that allows for precise control of angular position,
velocity and acceleration. If you have a radio-controlled model car, airplane, or
helicopter, you are using at least a few servos. Servos also appear behind the
scenes in devices we use every day. Electronic devices use servos to extend or
retract the disc trays.
The simplicity of a servo is among the features that make them so reliable.
The heart of a servo is a small direct current (DC) motor, similar to what you
might find in an inexpensive toy. These motors run on electricity from a battery
and spin at high RPM (rotations per minute) but put out very low torque (a
twisting force used to do work you apply torque when you open a jar). An
arrangement of gears takes the high speed of the motor and slows it down while
at the same time increasing the torque. (Basic law of physics: work = force x
distance.) A tiny electric motor does not have much torque, but it can spin really
20
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fast (small force, big distance). The gear design inside the servo case converts
the output to a much slower rotation speed but with more torque (big force, little
distance). The amount of actual work is the same, just more useful. Gears in an
inexpensive servo motor are generally made of plastic to keep it lighter and less
costly. On a servo designed to provide more torque for heavier work, the gears
are made of metal (such as with EZ-Robot Servos) and are harder to damage.
With a small DC motor, you apply power from a battery, and the motor
spins. Unlike a simple DC motor, however, a servo's spinning motor shaft is
slowed way down with gears. A positional sensor on the final gear is connected
to a small circuit board. The sensor tells this circuit board how far the servo
output shaft has rotated. The electronic input signal from the computer or the
radio in a remote-controlled vehicle also feeds into that circuit board. The
electronics on the circuit board decode the signals to determine how far the user
wants the servo to rotate. It then compares the desired position to the actual
position and decides which direction to rotate the shaft so it gets to the desired
position.
Impact of Robotic Beverage Dispencing Machine. Vending machines
are considered as dispenser facilities that has low engagement in uses. It is a
market that is not only growing but also evolving. Vending machines are located
everywhere and became part of the business industry. Since most of the

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consumers depend their meals on vending machines. Their needs are more
articulated.
Vending machines are being used to serve the wide clientele with variety
of products in it. Since it is automated, it can be used if the transaction was done
according to the program of the machine. One of advantages of this thing is that,
it can be moved to new places and it reduces man power. Another one is that the
Diversity of products that can be handle, wide range of products can be sold.
This kind of machines are convenient and offer time saving for the customers
(Soffar, 2016).
It is also essential to understand the nature problem; while having this
business machines. One of the disadvantages of the vending machines is the
location of it. A faulty location may backfire the owner. Another one is
competition, lots of vending machines are now available, customers are now
divided. Aside from that , operating cost like maintenance, insurance and license
fee must be correctly plan, if not, huge losses or the business may occur
(Gatha,2011).
The study made by Alyusi (2008) which explains the various types of
vending machine today. Some examples of the vending machines are soft drink
vending machine, snack vending machines, ticket vending machines, and
beverages vending machines. There are many available vending machines in the
market nowadays. Its design has somehow similarity on the proponents study
entitled VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine. The same technique
applies on our study.

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According to Adrian Covert (2009), Coca-Cola's Freestyle fountain comes

equipped with a touchscreen that is able to mix flavors on the spot, using precise
machinery originally developed for dialysis and cancer treatments. There are
over 100 flavors available, across an array of drink brands, including Coke,
Fanta, energy drinks, flavored waters, and more. Instead of large, five-gallon
bags of pre-mixed syrup, the Freestyle PurePour system uses ultra-concentrated
46-ounce cartridges to mix drinks and allow for a greater array of flavors, all
coming from one spout. There are also RFID tags to keep track of all the different
flavors held inside the cabinet and their current status.
Another article by Afzal (2013), Vending systems are going high tech, with
built-in digital signage, interactive touch-screen kiosks, remote management
capabilities, real-time inventory monitoring and ordering, and even cashless
payment mechanisms. These customizable and engaging machines proactively
market their contents to passer-by, while delivering actionable business
intelligence to their operators in real time.
Unlike, the traditional, low-tech drink and snack machines that reside in break
rooms, corridors and warehouses, these smart systems actively promote and sell wide
variety products to would-be customers.
Research Literature

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This section presents previous studies that are likely similar to the present
study. This will help the readers conceptualized about the technology that the
proponents will use.
According to Pinili (2010), Their project study entitled The Coin-Operated
Coffee Vending Machine will cater the needs of the customers with no further
human intervention required. The machine is user-friendly and is very simple to
operate. The customers will only have to deal with the number of five-peso coins
to be dropped to the machine which will correspond to the mixture of hot coffee
to be dispensed. With this, labor cost will be minimized and it will also give
entrepreneurs the opportunity to attract more customers with this innovation.
This study will surely ease coffee addicts who want to take a sip of their
favorite drink right at where they are. This machine can be made available in
hospitals, parks, offices, train stations, ports and to a lot of places where people
tend to stay for a longer period of time. They will be provided with their hot coffee
without dealing with messy sachets and thermos brought by manual mixing of its
ingredients.
This will also benefit entrepreneurs engaging in coffee businesses. They
would not have to hire labor personnel to look out of the product they are selling
thus minimizing the labor costs. Furthermore, this machine might increase their
sales for they will also be given the opportunity to attract more customers with
this innovation.

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The
study
made
by
Asuncion
(2007)
entitled
An
Automated
Microcontroller-based Cocktail Mixer and Dispenser, focuses on the design and

implementation of an automated microcontroller-based cocktail mixer and
dispenser that can provide mixed drinks with the push of a single button. The
machine uses three microcontrollers tha functions as the brain of the system to
which all the operating functions of each module are chronologically programmed
in it. It has predefined programs and instructions that are responsible for the
cocktail production processes that the machine will perform as directed by the
use through an input device. The machine has two sets of dispensers
responsible for dispensing the ingredients to the mixing container and for pouring
the final cocktail in a glass. Submersible pumps, which are controlled by relays,
are used to transfer the ingredients to the mixing container through hose pipes.
The quantity o each ingredient to be dispensed is controlled and monitored by
the microcontroller program . After dispensing the right proportions and
transferring them into the mixing container, a simple motor is used to mix them.
After which, the cocktail is dispensed in a glass through a valve controlled by a
servo motor. The ingredient level for eve y container is monitored by a water level
sensor located inside the container. The system is able to serve a drink in just 5
seconds, offering a choice of 9 pre-programmed cocktails and customized drinks
out of the six basic ingredients at the touch of a button.
Synthesis
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Research literature added some past studies which are also related to the
project study using books, journals, published and unpublished thesis. With this,
the proponents related some points of ideas that came from different project
study and compared it to the proponents own project proposal.
In the project study entitled VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending
Machine the proponents have the same principal objective as the study made by
Ellen Gold B. Pinili on 2010 entitled COIN-OPERATED COFFEE VENDING
MACHINE in which general aim is to come up with an automatic coffee
dispenser intended to allow those buying a drink to select beverages through the
use of user-interface. Technically our proposed study and his are of the same line
of study.
The study made by Asuncion (2007) is very similar to the proponents
project study entitled VENDOBOT: AUTOMATED SODA VENDING MACHINE
the automated microcontroller based cocktail mixer and dispenser minimizes the
need for bartenders to cater to the needs of the customers. The machine is userfriendly and is very simple to operate. The customers will only have to deal with
marked buttons that indicate the kind of cocktail drink to be produced. With this,
labor cost will be minimized and it will also give bar owners the opportunity to
attract more customers with this innovation.
Furthermore, with the use of the automated mixer and dispenser,
accuracy is obtained. The machine controls beverage pour sizes and ensures
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portioned drinks and cocktails. This machine prevents product loss by eliminating
over-pouring and spillage of liquor inventory as well as breakages due to bottle
mishandling. This will, in effect, lead to maximizing of the establishments liquor
inventory and increased profit.
The machine makes the cocktail mixing and dispensing process more
hygienic. By means of automated machines, manual handling of the ingredients
will be eliminated. The use of removable containers, stirrer, mixing container, and
plastic hosepipes remove the concern for rust, corrosion and piled-up dirt.
All the discussed studies were very vital in the realization of our project
study. Each has something in common and also some differences. It has been
such great help for us having this studies which we have withdrawn some of our
ideas for the realization of our VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine.
ould serve and function better than the existing one.
In line with this, the unit/function test was fist done. This aimed to check if
each module and each command button in the proposed prototype were working.
It also examined the functionality of the machine and the relationship of modules
to one another. Through these activities which concerned the making of the
proposed prototype, the proponents were given chances to study and work on
the proposed robot with utmost dedication and concentration.
Through the assistance of the thesis adviser, the proponents were able to
see the progress of their work. Once a week, the proposed robot was evaluated.

27

Through this, the proponents were able to identify the weaknesses of the
prototype and the strength they could make or add to it.
.
Conceptual Framework
Conceptual framework is a figure that illustrates the information that
provides the framework of the VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine.
The proponents used the IPO model to picture out how the machine will work
and how it can achieve desired output. It provides the research outlook of the
design and shows how the study was made.
Knowledge Requirements
The Advent of Vending

Machine
Robotics Mechanism as
used in Automated Vending
Machine
The Use of Raspberry PI

and Arduino Microcontroller
In an Automated Vending
Machine
Servo motor as a
mechanism of Automated
Vending Machine
Impact of Robotic Beverage

INPUTMachine
Dispensing
Software Requirements
Raspbian
Arduino IDE
Phyton
C++
Debian Wheezy
Hardware Requirements
Raspberry Pi
RPI Touch Display
Bill Acceptor
Robotic Arm
Coin Hopper
VENDOBOT:
Automated
Coin Acceptor
Arduino
Servo Motor
Stepper Motor
Ice Dispencing
System Analysis
Requirements
Definition
Analysis of
Requirements
System Design
Data Flow
Diagram
Context Free
PROCESS
Diagram
Hardware Development
Assembling
System Development
Coding
Testing
Debugging
Documenting
OUTPUT
VENDOBOT:
AUTOMATED
SODA VENDING
MACHINE
Soda Vending Machine

28

Evaluation and
Cost Benefit Analysis
Figure 1
Conceptual Framework of the Project Study
The process box represents the steps in obtaining significant information
prior to project development where the analysis was done for the manageable
and consistent hardware and software requirements that are suitable to make the
design work properly.
As shown in Figure 1, the knowledge, software and hardware requirements
were considered to come up with the desired output. Knowledge regarding
automated vending machines are always on top of the minds of the proponents.
Software and hardware requirements helped a lot in producing the output. Thus,
these inputs became very significant in this study.

29

The application will be further developed by coding, testing, debugging

and documenting. CFD and DFD show the flow of data happening in the system
and the assembling, coding, testing, debugging, and documenting made all the
components and tools function properly to its designated activity.
The output box represents the developed prototype entitled VENDOBOT:
Automated Soda Vending Machine. Moreover, the proponents performed the
software cost-benefit analysis to determine the financial feasibility of its
implementation.
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
This chapter contains method of information gathering, software
development, system design specifications, software requirements, hardware
requirements and design tools that the proponents used for the development of
the proposed study.
30

Research Design
A research design typically includes the process of data collection,
selection
of instruments and
how
they
are
to
be
used,
and
the
intended means for analysing the data collected. In this study, the proponents
used the applied research to find solutions to everyday problem and develop
innovative technologies. Using this design, the proponents attempted to design a
machine that will apply automation to the soda vending machine.
Moreover, the proponents conducted research methodology and specified
the prototype development. The proponents classified the target user of the
study. The proponents included the sample questionnaire for the proposed
project study in order to evaluate the prototype and for further enhancement of
the project.
Research Methodology
This is the science of studying how research is done by the proponents in
a scientific manner. In this, various steps are studied that the proponents adopted
those steps in studying the research problem. It is also a way to systematically
solve the research problem and aims to describe and analyze methods that the
proponents used in the project study.
Target Locale of the Study. The target locale of the project study was the
population of Batangas City.
Target Users of the Study. The target users of the study were the
general public who has inclination on buying and drinking sodas. However, those

31

entrepreneurs or business owners who are willing and able to venture in this kind
of business serve as the target buyers of the machine itself.
Data Gathering Instruments. In gathering information and data needed
in the development of this study, the proponents applied the most common way
of acquiring information. Questionnaires were prepared to receive feedback from
100 respondents. This served as a survey to quantify the end-users acceptance
of the vending machine. The survey questionnaire was a multiple-choice type
questionnaire with four (4) indicators based on functionality, presentation and
appearance, fun-factor, and user-friendliness.
The proponents used a five-point likert-scale for this survey questionnaire
wherein respondents were asked to indicate their answers by checking the option
that best described their satisfaction. User responses were then collected, tallied
and treated using statistical methods to obtain accurate results. Also, various
published and unpublished materials served as the secondary sources. The
proponents also used in internet and other published and unpublished library
materials especially in the field of robotics and development of automated
vending machine, to gather more relevant data.
Data Gathering Procedure. The proponents gathered information
through surveying the people that have witnessed how the prototype functions.
Through this, the users were able to evaluate the design. With the information

32

from the respondents, the proponents get the mean of the survey to be able to
know the result through its weighted average.
The
proponents
identified
and
utilized
various
instruments
and
methodologies in the collection and manipulation of data, including different

methods that are implemented to maintain validity and reliability of the study. The
proponents also collected the information connected to the study in determining
its scope and limitations.
Sampling Procedures. A sampling procedure contains rules that specify
how the application calculates the sample size and how its functionality must be
evaluated. It is a process used in statistical analysis in which a predetermined
number of observations will be taken from a larger population. Sampling
procedures are usually stored at the characteristic level of a task list or material
specification. The sampling type and valuation mode for the inspection
characteristic makes up the sampling procedures.
In this study, the population from Batangas City served as the source of
data (Please refer to Appendix D for the Batangas City Population). The number
of survey respondents was obtained by using Slovin formula where the e
stands for the error of tolerance which is 10%, the N stands for the total
population while n for the sampling population and 1 stands for the constant.

33

Where:
N = total population
e = margin of error
n = sampling population
Results were obtained after the proponents calculated, tallied and
tabulated the answers of the respondents on survey questionnaires.
Statistical Treatment of Data. The survey results were evaluated
according to its effectiveness and efficiency, and were measured by asking the
subject to indicate their level of agreement on five point liker type scales. The
responses provided by the respondents were given weights of 1 to 5 with 1 as
the lowest and five as the highest weight. Corresponding verbal descriptions
were provided as well.
Where:
Wm = Weighted mean
N = Number of respondents
34

w = Assigned weight
f = Frequency
= Summation
The following scale was used to interpret and analyse the results:
Scale
Options
Verbal Interpretation
4.1 5.00
Excellent
3.1 4.0
Very Good
2.1 3.0
Good
1.1 2.0
Fair
0.1 1.0
Poor
The proponents used the above-mentioned ratings in determining and

analysing the responses based on the weighted mean result which is 1-5 where
1 is equivalent to poor, 2 for fair, 3 for good, 4 for very good and 5 for excellent.
Methods of Hardware and Software Development

The proponents used the system analysis and design that focused on the
development of the robot. The design highlighted on the robot structure and
design tools of the vending machine. This involved different phases. First phase

35

was planning which was done on the early stages of a project. This was found
necessary to coordinate activities and manage project risk effectively.
The second phase involved the analysis. Included here were some
materials or the design of the project that served as guide in designing the
robotic machine. The next phase was design. This focused on the needs of
program and the prototype design. Analysis and design were very critical stages
in the whole development. Much care was taken during this phase because it
included prototype, process, diagrams and other documentations. The logical
system of the project was also developed in this phase.
The third phase was assembling in which all the hardware materials were
come up together to develop designated output. All of the files that comprise
an application, including the resource, security management, versioning, sharing
and deployment information.
The last phase was the system development which composed of series of
coding, testing and debugging of the hardware design until the design and
expected output were achieved. Documentation also played a vital role in the
realization of this phase.
System Design Specifications
System design specification is divided into two; the system requirements
for hardware and human resources and design tools which are subdivided into
Context-Free Diagram, and Dataflow Diagram.
36

In developing of the VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine,

the proponents applied a programming language called Python, a new useful
programming language for robotic application development. In addition, the
proponents discussed important requirements for the development of their study.
They also considered suggestions from other people that greatly helped and
guided them in the process of conducting this study.
Software Requirements. Software requirements were devices employed
for the program to run successfully.
The table below shows the software requirements and development
needed for the proposed program. It includes the minimum and the suggested
software requirements.
Table 1
Software Requirements for the Development of the Project Study
Software
Minimum
Suggested
Operating System

37

PC
Linux
Linux
RaspberryPi3
Debian Wheezy
Debian Wheezy
Arduino Mega
C++
C++
Adobe Photoshop CS6
Adobe Photoshop CS6
Programming Language
Photo Editor
Table 1 shows the software requirement for the development of the project
study. This contains the software categories such as Operating Systems (OS) of
the Personal Computer as well as programming language and Photo Editor.
Operating System (PC): LINUX. The Linux open source operating
system, or Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform operating system
based on Unix that can be installed on PCs, laptops, netbooks, mobile and tablet
devices, video game consoles, servers, supercomputers. The proponents used
this OS for faster generation of results and because of compatibility issues.
Programming Language: Arduino MEGA. Arduino IDE provides an
integrated development environment (IDE) based on a programming language
named Processing, which also supports the languages, C and C++.
Programming Language: Python. Python is an interpreter, objectoriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its highlevel built in data structures, combined with dynamism typing and dynamic
38

binding, make it very attractive for Rapid Application development, as well as for
use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components together.
Photo Editor: Adobe Photoshop CS6. Adobe Photoshop is the leading
professional image-editing program, released by Adobe. Photoshop is useful for
both creating and editing images to be used in print or online. Easy to use, but
full of high-quality features, Photoshop is the best choice for any image
manipulation job.
Table 2
Software Requirements of the Project Study
Software
Minimum
Suggested
RaspberryPi3
Raspbian
Raspbian
Arduino Mega
LinuxOS
LinuxOS
Adobe Photoshop CS6
Adobe Photoshop CS6
Operating System
Photo Editor
Table 2 shows the software requirement needed for the project study. This
contains the software categories such as Operating Systems (OS) of the
RasberryPi3, Arduino Mega as well as programming language. The proponents
sugeested using higher software for the development of robotic application.

39

Operating System: Raspbian. It is a free operating system based on

Debian optimized for the Raspberry Pi hardware. An operating system is the set
of basic programs and utilities that make your raspberry Pi run. However,
Raspbian provides more than a pure OS: it comes with over 35,000 packages,
pre-compiled software bundled in a nice format for easy installation on your
Raspberry Pi.
Programming Language: Arduino MEGA. Arduino IDE provides an
integrated development environment (IDE) based on a programming language
named Processing, which also supports the languages, C and C++.
Hardware Requirements. These are devices that allow the program to

work possibly. The table below shows the hardware requirements needed for the
proposed prototype. It includes minimum and the suggested hardware
requirements.
Table 3
Hardware Requirements Development Phase
Hardware
Minimum
Suggested

40

Processor (PC)
Dual Core
Dual Core or Higher
Memory
2GB RAM
4GB RAM
Monitor
LCD Monitor
LCD Monitor
PS2/USB
PS2/USB
Mouse/Keyboard
Table 3 shows the hardware requirement for the development needed for
the project study. The proponents used a processor Intel Dual Core for a fast and
accurate development. The proponents also used a 1GB memory for the storage
of the entire programs source code. The development needed at least LCD
monitors. Moreover, basic peripherals such as keyboard and mouse and
speakers were required.
Table 4
Hardware Requirements of the Project Study
Hardware
Minimum
Suggested

41

RaspberryPi
RaspberryPi2B
RaspberryPi3
CH-926
CH-926
Bill Acceptor
BV-20
BV-20
Robotic Arm
5 volts rating
5 volts rating or higher
12 volts
12 volts or higher
Solenoid Valves
5 volts rating
5 volts rating or higher
Servo Motors
12 volts rating
12 volts or higher
Stepper Motor
12 volts rating
12 volts or higher
Coin Hopper
DC24V
DC24V
RaspberryPi Touch and

Display
7 inch
7 inch or higher
Arduino Microcontroller
Arduino Mega
Arduino Mega
Cup Dispenser
12 volts
12 volts or higher
Power Supply
VS350
VS350
Coin Acceptor
Ice Dispenser
Table 2 shows the lists of hardware requirements used in the development

of the study. The proponents used Arduino Mega microcontroller for controlling
servos, Robotic Arm, Coin Acceptor, Bill Acceptor, Coin Hopper, Ice dispenser
that connects to RaspberryPi3 that controls the Raspberry Pi Touch and Display
and Speaker.
Table 5
42

Hardware Performance Specifications

Hardware
Performance Specifications
Processor (PC)
At least Dual Core. It should have at least

Processors performance can affect the speed and
performance of the computer
Memory
Atleast 2GB. The memory requirement is based on

theoperating systemused which requires a certain
amount of memory to properly run on the computer.
Monitor
At least LCD. Monitors vary greatly on the display

sharpness and power requirements. LCD monitor
has more sharp displays and less power usage
Mouse/Keyboard
RaspberryPi
At least PS2 or USB. This is an input device used

by the user to manipulate the system. PS2 was
considered as legacy port by Intel but USB mouse
is the newest pointing device used nowadays.
Atleast Raspberry Pi 2B. It should have atleast 26

GPIO pins for optimum capacity, 2 USB 2.0 ports to
support I/O peripherals and Micro SD socket for
expandable memory and storage.
Coin Acceptor
Atleast with the coin diameter 15mmx32mm

including coin thickness 1.2mmx3.8mm with
working voltage DC + 12 V +10%
Bill Acceptor
Atleast BV20. It has 16 pins for the pins allocation

operating at 110 volts.
Servo Motors
At least with the size of 38x11.5x24mm including

tabs and weight of 18g including cable and
connector with the speed of 0.12 sec/60 degrees

43

which run in 6.0V.
Coin Hopper
Atleast DC24V. It has approximately 3 times larger

capacity hopper than that of CH-N series with
achieving to keep as same features, performances
and functionalities as the CH-N series hopper
RaspberryPi Touch and

Display
It should have a DSI port so it would communicate

with GPIO pins using HDMI port
Arduino
At least Arduino Mega to maintain speed and

efficiency, 14 digital I/O pin in which can provide 6
PWM output and 6 analog Input pins for it to run
smoothly and efficiently.
Power Supply
It is high-quality capacitors provide uncompromised

performance and reliability
Hardware performance specifications and for the development are stated

in Table 5. It shows the suggested hardware in the project study with its
capabilities and performance. This capabilities and performance served as the
basis of the proponents to develop the project study. Furthermore, the table
shows the least requirements for the design to be functional thus give a hint on
how the design should work based on its attributes.
Design Tools. A design tool is used to represent the data into a graphical
form. The proponents used different design tool such as Context Free Diagram
(CFD) and Data Flow Diagram (DFD). These tools were created for the

44

proponents to determine and to show the flow of Information about the robot.
These design tools helped the proponents to be aware and understand the robot.
Context Free Diagram. Context free diagram is a diagram that represents

the actors outside a system that could interact with that system. It only contains
one process node that generalizes the function of the entire system in
relationship to external entities.
Figure 2
Context Free Diagram of the Project Study
Figure 2 shows the summary of the whole process of the proposed
design. It shows only one entity which is the user. The user is the one in-charge

45

of the common navigation of the design. Also, he/she is the only the only one
allowed to input the customers order in order for the machine to do its job. The
user has to choose from the menu provided in the touch display. On the other
hand, the VENDBOT will process the users input and do the task programmed
on it. The Admin is the only one who can navigate the Admin Menu to Replenish
the Sodas, Replenish the cups and to get the Daily Transaction Reports.
Data Flow Diagram. A data flow diagram (DFD) shows the logical model
of the system. It shows how the data moves through the system. It also shows
the kinds of data to input and output from the system, where the data will come
from and go to, and where the data will be stored. It does not show information
about the timing of the processes or information about whether processes will
operate in sequence or in parallel.

46

Figure 3
Data Flow Diagram of the Project Study
Figure 3 shows the data flow diagram of the project study. The tablet
serves as the interface of the VENDOBOT. First, the user will choose from the
menu on the display panel. Once the selected soda and size of cup has been
entered into the system, the display will show the amount of the user purchased.
The user will insert the coins or bill to the Coin and Bill Acceptor to start the
process of preparing the products. Then it will enter in the Daily Transactions
Report as a sale. The user can get the change from the machine, if any. The

47

robot arm would first operate the dispensing of ice then the dispensing of the
soda of appropriate size it is chosen by the costumer.

48

CHAPTER IV
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
This chapter discusses the experimental test done by the proponents,
evaluation survey, results and their corresponding analysis.
Experimental Testing
To achieve the objectives of the proposed study several tests were
conducted. These were carried out to check the capability of the prototype in
meeting its users requirements as well as its reliability and presentation.
Debugging of the codes was also performed to find out if there were still errors.
More specifically, the testing was done to see whether this project study,
VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine could serve and function
better than the existing one.
In line with this, the unit/function test was fist done. This aimed to check if
each module and each command button in the proposed prototype were working.
It also examined the functionality of the machine and the relationship of modules
to one another. Through these activities which concerned the making of the
proposed prototype, the proponents were given chances to study and work on
the proposed robot with utmost dedication and concentration.
Through the assistance of the thesis adviser, the proponents were able to
see the progress of their work. Once a week, the proposed robot was evaluated.

49

Through this, the proponents were able to identify the weaknesses of the
prototype and the strength they could make or add to it.
Results and Analysis

To further analyse and determine if the prototype would meet the
requirements, the proponents conducted a survey to its prospective consumers.
The proponents distributed questionnaires to one hundred (100) respondents
whose total population was obtained using the slovins formula. The respondents
evaluated the prototype based on its functionality, presentation and appearance,
fun-factor and friendliness. For each criterion, the respondents chose from a five
point liker scale with options described as follows: Excellent, Very Good, Good,
Fair and Poor. This method greatly helped the proponents to obtain views from
the prospective consumers or users of the machine.
The table below shows the result of the conducted survey.

50

Table 7
Summary of Survey Results
Indicators
Weighted Mean
Verbal Interpretation
Functionality
4.5
Excellent
Presentation and
Appearance
4.2
Excellent
Fun-factor
4.5
Excellent
User-Friendliness
4.4
Excellent
COMPOSITE MEAN
4.4
Excellent
Legend:
4.1 - 5.0
3.1 - 4.0
2.1 - 3.0
1.1 - 2.0
0.1 - 1.0
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
Table 4 shows the summary of the survey results. From the result, it can
be gleamed that the functionality of the program was rated by the respondents as
excellent with a weighted mean of 4.5. This means that the functionality of the
overall components are appropriate to the machine.
The proponents also found out that in terms of Presentation and
Appearance of the program the respondents find the machine excellent with a

51

mean average of as 4.2. This means that the overall appearance of the
automated soda vending machine is desirable.
The overall average rating is 4.4 with verbal interpretation of Excellent
clearly shows that the development of the prototype was found out as good as
perceived by the users. Based on the results, the developers concluded that the
users accepted the design based on the concepts, the design and the flow of the
system.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is a formal analysis of the impacts of a
measure or programme designed to assess whether the advantages of the
measure or programme are greater than its disadvantages. It is the presentation
of the robotic hardware development and operating cost. In its simple form, costbenefit analysis is usually carried out using only financial costs and financial
benefits. For the study to be feasible, the prototype should be inexpensive. In this
study, availability of the materials used for developing the machine was
considered. The researchers considered the assessment of the operational
requirements and costs of the proposed prototype providing that making use of
the developed robot would be more economical in the long run.
The Financial Statement and Analysis in the table below shows the
materials used in the production and the total development cost.

52

Table 8
Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
COST DESCRIPTION
AMOUNT IN PESO
Total Hardware Cost

Add: Total Software Development Cost
TOTAL DEVELOPMENT COST
70,000
5,000
75, 000
Total Annual Supplies Cost

Add:Total Annual Electric Consumption
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING COST
7, 000
12,000
19,000
Total Development Cost

Add: Total Annual Operating Cost
TOTAL COST OF THE PROJECT STUDY
75,000
19, 000
94,000
Total Present Annual Development Cost

Add: Total Annual Operating Cost
TOTAL COST OF EXISTING MACHINE
110,00
23,000
133, 000
The Cost-Benefit Analysis shows the computation of the total cost of the
project study and the existing machine. The total cost of the project study and
existing machine is Php94, 000 and Php133, 000 consecutively. The difference
between the total cost of the project study and total cost of the existing machine
is the benefit value amounting to Php39, 000.00. To identify the interest rate for
the project system, a bank 12 interest rate was used to get the present value in
five years. Table 6 shows the value of investment for the project system in five
years.

53

Table 9
Value of Investment in Five Years
Year
Future Value
Interest Rate
Present
Value
Cumulative
Present
Value
39,000.00
1.12
43,680.00
43,680.00
39,000.00
1.25
48,750.00
92,430.00
39,000.00
1.40
54,600.00
147,030.00
39,000.00
1.57
61, 230.00
208,260.00
39,000.00
1.76
68,640.00
276,900.00
The computation of payback period is shown below. It is the time required to

recover the investment on the project.
Pay Back Period = (TDC-CPV of the lower year) + year of lower CPV /
(PV of the higher year)
PBP = (94,000 43,680) + (1) / 48,750
PBP = 1.03 year or 1 year approximately.
With the benefits and compensation of the machine offers to the company, it
will pay itself within 1.03 year of approximately 1 year from the first day of the
VENDOBOT: Soda Vending Machine is release. Most companies use a net cost
system- they figure out exactly how much it will cost to develop a machine, down
to the price of the dice, and then figure out the retail price. They feel that if a

54

businessman truly wants a machine, hes not going to care very much whether it
costs is higher.
In this study, the proponents got the total expenses invested for the materials,
data gathering, consultation and documentation as well as the other expenses
used while doing the proposed study. The total cost of their expenses amounted
to Php94, 000.00. Development of the cost-benefit analysis tool turned out to be
beneficial in both intended and unexpected ways.

55

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the conclusions and the recommendations of the
proponents based on the results of the study.
Conclusion
After this project study, the proponents concluded that the project study
VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine can be a great help to users by
giving them access on buying sodas without even hiring a saleslady. Such design
will lessen human resource thus maximizing the business opportunity to boost
profit generation.
With this, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. The developed automated vending machine was designed and
assembled an automated soda vending machine with robotic arm;
2. The designed machine was developed a system with payment-related
transaction module capable of accepting and validating bill and coin
denominations and dispensing of excess payment;
3. The machine was designed and developed an interface that allows
user to choose from 3 different variants of sodas and their respective
sizes;
4. The vending machine was developed a machine that accurately
dispenses selected soda; and

56

5. The machine developed a system that generates daily transaction

reports
The proponents believe that the use of automation system is not only to
reduce human resource and eliminate manual handling but more on its promising
help in the fast pacing world were living today.
The project study
which involves interesting and entertainment to the
user. The machine is functionality, presentation and appearance, fun-factor and

user friendliness, use and acceptable to the user, extremely tested, verified, and
evaluated. The touch screen display provides an ease of use tools and a
supportive features that helps and make easier in quicker development in
proponents programming and designing phase.
Recommendations
For the improvement of the proposed project study, the proponents are
highly recommending that the prototype may be also further develop by
designing a dual armed mechanism which can surely maximize the use of robotic
arm alleviating the who process of dispensing sodas.
The proponents recommend to the next researchers to develop another
related design that will further utilize the use of Automated Soda Vending
Machine as a good example of automation in the advancement of the Internet of
Thing culture. The proponents suggest the user to read the manual for better
understanding on using this prototype.
57

BIBLIOGRAPHY

58

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Ernie Smith (2015). The Advent of vending Machine Goes Back to the 1st
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Staple (2015). Robotics Mechanism as used in Automated Vending Machine
http://science.howstuffworks.com/robot2.htm
Johnson (2015). Review Exploring Various Use of Robots
http://www.robotobibok.com/review-exploring-various-uses-robots.html
Dsnoell (2014). The Use of Raspberry Pi and Arduino Microcontroller in an
Automated Vending Machine https://blog.arduino.cc/2016/06/29/venduinois-a-arduino-vending-machine/
Pinili (2010) Development of Vending Machine with Prepaid Payment Method
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/193/1/DEVELOPMENT_OF_VENDING_MACHIN
E_WITH_PREPAID_PAYMENT__METHOD.pdf
ALYUSI (2008) The History of the Industrial Robot
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:316930/FULLTEXT01.pdf

60

APPENDICES

61

APPENDIX A
Screenshots (Hardware)
A. 1 Front View of the Automated Soda Vending Machine

This shows the different hardware requirements that is used.
A.2 Back View of the Automated Soda Vending Machine

This shows the appropriate container for sodas and ice cube dispensing.
62

APPENDIX B
Screenshots (System)
B.1 Start Window

This shows the loading form of the application. This also displays the
initializing form where the user could see to start the application.
B.2 The Sodas Category

This shows the categorical options of sodas that the user has to choose
from.
63

B.3 The Sizes of Cup Category

This shows the categorical options of cups that the user has to choose
from.
B.4.The Admin Panel

This shows the of the Admin menu
64

B.5 The Manual Dispense Cup

This window shows the category options of manual dispensing of cup
B.6 The Manual Dispense Soda

This window shows the category options of manual dispensing of sodas
65

APPENDIX C
SAMPLE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Date:
Instruction: Please evaluate the robotic application hardware by using the given scale
and placing a checkmark () under the corresponding numerical rating.
Numerical Rating
Equivalent
5
Excellent
4
Very Good
3
Good
2
Fair
1
Poor
5
Indicators
A.Functionality
1. The overall components are
2.
3.
4.
5.
appropriate to the Vendobot

machine
All the physical components of
the machine function accurately
The menus design interface
works based on desired
performance
The VENDOBOTs monetary
dispensing mechanism works
well based on standard process.
The VENDOBOT dispenses
chosen drinks in accurate
measurement.
B. Presentation & Appearance
1. Overall appearance of the robotic

vending machine desirable
2. The VENDOBOTs overall design
shows aesthetic appeal and
quality worksmanship.
3. The background audio and
graphical user interface are
suitable
66

C. Fun-factor
The Vendobot is usable.

The Vendobot provides user an
enjoyable experience.
The Vendobot can urge the user
to continue using it.
The Vendobot allows user
interactivity.
D. User-friendliness
The Graphical User Interface

(GUI) of the machine is easy to
navigate
The coin/ bill dispensing
component is easy to use.
The overall dispensing
mechanism illustrates simplicity
and user friend friendliness.
The vending machine can easily
be used even by beginners.
Comments:
Signature of Respondent
APPENDIX D
67

Population of Batangas City

68


69

APPENDIX E
GANTT CHART
Table of Activities
Week
1
Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Week
8
Week
9
Week
10
Week
11
Searching a Company
Approval of WIS
Initial Investigation and
Data Gathering
1. Interview
2. Gathering of Documents
3. Observation
4. Information Research
Library
Internet
Distribution of Work
Assignment
Abstract
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Problem
Overview of the Current
State of Technology
Project Rationale
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Problem Statement
Proposed Research Project
General Objectives
Specific Objectives
Scope and Limitations
Methodology
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Calendar of Activities
Description of
Activities
Gantt Chart of
Activities
Resources
Hardware
Software
APPENDICES
Work Assignment
Letters
Transcript of Interview
APPENDIX G
APPENDIX F
70

WORK ASSIGNMENTS
Dianna
Nyleen
Maria
Clarissa
Aaron
Initial Investigation and Data Gathering

1. Gathering of
Documents
2. Observation
3. Information Research
1. Library
2. Internet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Preface
INTRODUCTION
Background of the
Problem
Overview of the Current
State of the Technology
Project Rationale
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Problem Statement
Propose Research
Subject
General
Objectives
Specific
Objectives
Scope and
Limitation
Methodology
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Calendar of Activities
Description of
Activities
Gantt Chart of
Activities
Resources
Hardware
Software
APPENDICES
Work Assignment
Resume

71

APPENDIX F
RESUME
Catapang, Aaron L.
San Juan, Batangas City
0908 957 7572
aaroncatapang@yahoo.com
OBJECTIVES:
To be able to enhance my skills and knowledge. I help the company
toward to improvement.I am willing to spend long hours within to finish the assign
task need.
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

WESTMEAD INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
Alangilan, Batangas City
2013-2017
Educational
Qualification
Vocational
TESDA
Computer System Service (NCII)
2015

72

High School
Joseph Marelo Institute
2012
CHAMPION CHEERDANCE COMPETITION

Extra
College of Information Technology and
Curricular
Computer Studies Department
Activities
Oct 2015
Auditor
Unified Network of Infotech Experts (UNIX)
2016

73

Youth for Information Technology (Y4IT)

September 10, 2015
SMX Convention Center
Integrated Southern Tagalog Association of

October 8, 2015
Information Technology Education (iSite)
Shaping the Future
Education
of Information Technology
Colegio de San Juan de Letran

Calamba, Laguna
Seminars
Attended
Batangas
Information
Conference
Jan 30, 2016
SM City Lipa
Ayala Highway, Lipa City
Technology
Students
H@CKIN KA NA LANG
February 6, 2016
Lipa City Hall AVRoom
Maraouy, Lipa City
#GamePaMore
February 26, 2016
University of Batangas
Batangas City

74

Undergraduate
VENDOBOT: An Automated Soda Vending Machine
Research
Paper

75

54-Hours Nihonggo (Introductory)

June 2014 - October 2014
54-Hours Korean (Introductory)

Trainings

November 2014 March 2015
54-Hours Spanish (Introductory)

June 2015 October 2015
Tour
Laguna Tour
Region IV A CALABARZON
May 2015

76

Date of Birth
August 30, 1996
Personal
Gender
Male
Details
Religion
Roman Catholic
Place of Birth
Batangas City
Civil Status
Single
Citizenship
Filipino
Language
Tagalog, English
Skills:
Programming, Photo editing ,Video editing,
Interest:
Reference are Available upon Request
CATAPANG, AARON L.

77

Babao, Maria Clarissa L.

Lobo, Batangas City
0935-115-2281
rizzababao@yahoo.com
OBJECTIVES:
To be able to enhance my skills and knowledge. I help the company
toward to improvement.I am willing to spend long hours within to finish the assign
task need.

WESTMEAD INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
Educational
Qualification

2013-2017
Vocational
TESDA
Computer System Service (NCII)
2015
High School
Masaguitsit-Banalo National High Scholl
2012

78

Class Secretary
Extra
BSIT 311
Curricular
2014
Activities
Seminars
Attended
Youth for Information Technology (Y4IT)

September 10, 2015
SMX Convention Center
Integrated Southern Tagalog Association of

October 8, 2015
Information Technology Education (iSite)
Shaping the Future
Education
of Information Technology
Colegio de San Juan de Letran

Calamba, Laguna
Batangas
Information
Conference
Jan 30, 2016
SM City Lipa
Technology
Students
H@CKIN KA NA LANG
February 6, 2016

79

Lipa City Hall AVRoom

Maraouy, Lipa City
#GamePaMore
February 26, 2016
University of Batangas
Batangas City
Undergraduate
ROBOMAZE: A Robotic Module
Research
Paper
Trainings
54-Hours Nihonggo (Introductory)

June 2014 - October 2014
54-Hours Korean (Introductory)

November 2014 March 2015

80

54-Hours Spanish (Introductory)

June 2015 October 2015
Tour
Laguna Tour
Region IV A CALABARZON
May 2015
Personal
Date of Birth
Febreuary 13, 1996
Details
Gender
Female
Religion
Roman Catholic
Place of Birth
Batangas City
Civil Status
Single
Citizenship
Filipino
Language
Tagalog, English
Skills:

81

Programming, Photo editing ,Excel, Word and Access
Reference are Available upon Request
BABAO, MARIA CLARISSA L.
RESUME
DIANNA MARIE B. MANALO

National Highway, Alangilan Batangas City
Contact#: 09300029189
manalo_diannamarie@yahoo.com.ph

82

CAREER OBJECTIVE:
To be a part of a growing company where I can share and apply all the
knowledge I am acquiring in college and to gain new skills necessary for human
development.
EDUCATION
EXTRA CURRICULAR
Tertiary
2012- Present
Secondary
2011-2012
Batangas National High School
Batangas City
Organizational Affiliation
President
Unified Network of InfoTech Experts
2014-2015
Secretary
Unified Network of InfoTech Experts
2013-2014
USCAA Chess Tournament

3rd Place
2015
PRISAA Chess Tournament
2nd Place
2015
CIA
September 30 October 1, 2013
55

83

SEMINAR ATTENDED
Batangas Information Technology Society

SYNERGY ICT HOSPITALITY AND BUSINES
SM City Lipa, Cinema 1&2
September 27, 2014
PHILIPPINE SME BUSINESS EXPO 2014

SMX Convention Center, Pasay City
November 21,2014
Batangas Information Technology

Students Conference 2015
SM City Lipa, Cinema 1 & 2
January 24,2015
PSITES Student Conference

Saint Michaels College of Laguna,
Bian City
February 12, 2015
CITCS Exhibit and Software Presentation

Westmead International School,
Batangas City
February 23,2015
Go Negosyo Expo
World Trade Center,
Pasay City
March 6, 2015
CITCS Workshop and Seminar 2015

Batangas City
April 13,2015

84

PERSONAL
BACKGROUND
Date of Birth
February 17,1996
Place of Birth
: Muntinlupa, Alabang
Civil Status
Single
Height
Weight
52
Citizenship
Filipino
Religion
Catholic
Languages
tagalong
English and
__________________
DIANNA MARIE B. MANALO
Applicant

85

RESUME
NYLEENDALE DE TORRES
Balagtas,Batangas City
0908778441
Nyeleenpoxtx17@yahoo.com.ph
CAREER OBJECTIVE:
To be a part of a growing company where I can share and apply all the
knowledge I am acquiring in college and to gain new skills necessary for human
development.
EDUCATION
SEMINAR ATTENDED
Tertiary
2012- Present
Secondary
Batangas High National High School
CIA
September 30 October 1, 2013
Batangas Information Technology Society

86

SYNERGY ICT HOSPITALITY AND BUSINES
SM City Lipa, Cinema 1&2
September 27, 2014
PHILIPPINE SME BUSINESS EXPO 2014

SMX Convention Center, Pasay City
November 21,2014
Batangas Information Technology Students

Conference 2015
SM City Lipa, Cinema 1 & 2
January 24,2015
March 6, 2015
CITCS Workshop and Seminar 2015

Batangas City
April 13,2015

87

PERSONAL
BACKGROUND
Date of Birth
June 17, 1997
Sex
Female
Religion
Roman Catholic
Civil Status
Single
Citizenship
Filipino
Languages Spoken
Filipino, English,
__________________
NYLEEENDALE O. DE TORRES
Applicant

88

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Westmead International School

College of Information Technology & Computer Studies

Westmead International School

Statement of the Problem

VENDOBOT: Automated Soda Vending Machine

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2. Develop a system with payment-related transaction module capable of

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Current State of Technology

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automatic beverage dispensing capability to an ice-dispensing beverage

In additional, Beverages for Dispensing Machine is an automatic

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Scope and Limitations

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(often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software or IDE that runs

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debugging/troubleshooting, and maintaining the source code of computer

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Microcontroller-based Cocktail Mixer and Dispenser, focuses on the design and

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