Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
I
Fig u rc Z: Model 1, the simplest equilibrium model
ec
EQUILIBRIUM
,,
r',
I I II
mi
I lira
;,l
--F---; vZ'
W.P
v'-h
w.P
R
R'\
R-'N
H,-H-H
Hs--P
Ye-
V,-O
Vc-V
r-/(,+ q:.,8.e,F.
Hc= 'cV
e
c =
V p
-"
352__..
w.P
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EQUILIBRIUM M O D E L
-,
J; w,4,6o5
bracing connections that achieves equilibrium for all components of the connection
with linear forces only, i.e., no couples. It is
the most efficientit yields the least expensive designs---of the three models presented
here but is also the most complex in terms of
calculations required. Note, however, that
this is not a serious problem because a
computer program makes the calculation
aspect of all three models of little importance. The force distributions for the gusset,
beam, and column of Model 3 are given in
Figures 4 and 5.
The beam shear R in Figures 4 and 5 is
shown applied to the beam-to-column connection, If the shear is large, it may be desirable to
distribute it to the gusset-to-column connection as well. In this case the gusset serves as
a haunch and the gusset-to-beam forces must
be adjusted to effect the desired distribution of
R.
2'/. 4
W iSx 106
-t z
3 s,ots
*WI4x605
.
BOLTS
2-/.6x 6 I
2-/.6x6 x I ---,
Wl8xlO 6 3 sots
BOLTS,- *';,'f%
HOLES:STD
3-s.o
,s'
"'
s,.__,/
Id"
2-L6x4x,,
k I
I4'605
_,,,
2 -t 4 x4xSed
iCJ
II
i,
.,
W14x90 ( A 3 6 )
WI4IO9(A36)
i i
L zx7xl'-oSe
WI490 (A36)
WI4xt32(A36)
PL'4xll xa'-IO
SC
' TION A-A
SECTION B-E}
Wl4x90 (A36)
I l.
W14x145(A36)
One
= 200
lbs
steel
One
Pair
Stiffeners
= 400
penetration
welded)
lbs
steel
Pair
Stiffeners
( f i l l e t welded)
(full
One P a i r
Doubler
Plates
= 550
lbs
steel
One
Doubler
= 280
lbs
steel
One
Column
lbs
steel
Plate
Splice
500
._._.._
4 Si]'I:FENERS
2 DOUa.ES
NO WEAK AXiS
B Co.Ec.o
Length of
Increasein weight per foot with
column
no increase in cost of "clean"
tributary to
column
connection StiffenersFillet
Stiffeners
withstiffeners
Welded
Groove Welded
and doublers
10
12
14
16
18
20
95
79
68
59
53
48
135
113
96
84
75
68
12'0
STORY HEIGHT
wi
CokJrnn
cok.
db
L/IM
I
dc
tWIEQ'D ='
M,
M2 FULL STRENGTH
MOMENTS
Doubler Plates
Commonly Seen Requirements
nections for one-half UDL, or some other percentage to account for composite design, unless greater reactions are shown. Unless concentrated loads are located very near the beam
ends, UDL reactions are generally very conservative. Because the reactions are too large,
extremely strong connections, such as double
framing angles, will often be required.
Single angles, because the bolts are in
single shear, will have about half the strength of
double clips for the same number of rows of
bolts. But if actual reactions are given, it will
almost always be found that a single angle
connection will work, perhaps with a couple of
extra rows of bolts.
Steel Tips April 1992 5
Doubler Plates
'-Vt = Couu
= 7
32
x,,4o S.eAR
.95cl b
W21 x 68
/ - - 3.25 k/ft
k
Beam
Section
Uniform
W21x68
Loads
Conc.
Total
25'-0
Reactions
Actual 1/2 UDL
kips/ft,
kips
kips
kips
kips
3.25
82
41
45
)
Connections
Double Clips
min.#
CAP max# CAP
of rows (kips) of rows (kips)
4
81
116
Single Clip
# of
CAP
rows (kips)
5
52
J".C,.=..;;:.-Z;...Tz:;';,='TT-"L=;--=-;'-=
LJ--/ ~: . . . . .'
SINGLE CLIPS
7 = - . ; = i i - : : :7.
V: :%2:
!7.,>.T:/i'J..'.
:!??JUF::`.J;`-*va`7;`
DOUBLE CLIPS
24,55
W24,55
I
L
. . . . . .
I
k
0'-0
Fabrication - $10 per beam less for single clips; Erection - $15 per beam less for single clips
Total Cost Reduction - $25 per beam using single clips
32K
Beam
Section
Uniform
,1 (prime) W24X76
Loads
Conc.
Total
F
Reactions
Actual 1/2 UDL
kips/fi,
kips
kips
kips
kips
32
82
41
56
Connections
Double Clips
min.# CAP max.# CAP
of rows (kips) of rows (kips)
4
83
82 K
Section
Uniform
W33x118
Loads
Conc.
Total
137
52
t / 4 " fillet
82 K
Beam
Single Clip
# of
CAP
rows (kips)
Reactions
Actual 1/2 UDL
kips/fi,
kips
kips
kips
kips
82
164
82
114
Connections
Double Clips
min#
CAP max,# CAP
of rows (kips) of rows (kips)
6
150
210
Single Clip
#of
CAP
rows (kips)
8
92
This Tips was printed from an article that appeared in the AISC magazine "Modem Steel
Construction. " A complimentary subscription to
"Modem Steel Construction" may be obtained
by contacting AISC, Chicago.
S'7 T
M ' '-'-I
auL,
1 J R A L S T E E L E D U ' " "'-:'"'x'
"'
" :
SPONSORS
Adams & Smith
Stockton Steel
Stott, Inc.
The local structural steel industry (above sponsors) stands ready to assist you in
determining the most economical solution for your products. Our assistance can
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