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Extended Brainstorming
Michael Pohl initially outlined four components of brainstorming that will evoke different
forms of thinking:
a. FLUENCY - How many ideas can you come up with?
b. ORIGINALITY - Can you come up with new, different or unusual ideas?
c. ELABORATION - Can you add on to someone elses idea?
d. FLEXIBILITY - Can you change or improve your idea after listening to advice?
The tool gives students the ability to discuss issues and ideas at a deep level. Pohl later
extended the brainstorming process to include an additional four elements (i.e. Curiosity,
Complexity, Risk Taking, Imagination) with an affective (caring thinking) focus.
EXTENDED BRAINSTORMING
Ideas
Possibilities
Solutions
Consequences
CONVERGENT
THINKING with a
COGNITIVE FOCUS
FLEXIBILITY
Kinds of ideas
Categories of ideas
Types of solutions
Directions or pathways
CREATIVE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS
ORIGINALITY
Ask for...
CREATIVE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS
Ask questions
that begin with...
Expanded ideas
Detailed ideas
A plan of action
A complex idea
ELABORATE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS
Ask questions
that begins
with....
Suppose that...
What if?
When might?
Where could?
CREATIVE THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS
COMPLEXITY
Ask questions
that begin with...
ANALYTICAL THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS
RISK TAKING
Ask questions
that begin with...
CRITICAL THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS
IMAGINATION
Ask questions
that begin with...
CREATIVE THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS
FLUENCY
ELABORATION
TO
ENCOURAGE
CURIOSITY
Source:
The Alice Smith School. Extended Brainstorming. <http://www.alice-smith.edu.my/
download/Year_3_Extended_Brainstorming_-_Presentation.pdf>
Thinking Tools. <http://aplaceforthinking.wikispaces.com/Thinking+Tools>