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LEEP: Teachers Guide

Extended Brainstorming
Michael Pohl initially outlined four components of brainstorming that will evoke different
forms of thinking:
a. FLUENCY - How many ideas can you come up with?
b. ORIGINALITY - Can you come up with new, different or unusual ideas?
c. ELABORATION - Can you add on to someone elses idea?
d. FLEXIBILITY - Can you change or improve your idea after listening to advice?
The tool gives students the ability to discuss issues and ideas at a deep level. Pohl later
extended the brainstorming process to include an additional four elements (i.e. Curiosity,
Complexity, Risk Taking, Imagination) with an affective (caring thinking) focus.
EXTENDED BRAINSTORMING

Ask how many...

Ideas
Possibilities
Solutions
Consequences

CONVERGENT
THINKING with a
COGNITIVE FOCUS

FLEXIBILITY

Ask how many


different...

Kinds of ideas
Categories of ideas
Types of solutions
Directions or pathways

CREATIVE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS

ORIGINALITY

Ask for...

New or original ideas


Better ideas
Unusual ideas

CREATIVE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS

Ask questions
that begin with...

Expanded ideas
Detailed ideas
A plan of action
A complex idea

ELABORATE THINKING
with a COGNITIVE
FOCUS

Ask questions
that begins
with....

Suppose that...
What if?
When might?
Where could?

CREATIVE THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS

COMPLEXITY

Ask questions
that begin with...

What reason could there be?


What contributes to?
What makes people?
What factors contribute to?

ANALYTICAL THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS

RISK TAKING

Ask questions
that begin with...

Say why you think...


Justify why....
Which is better...?
Decide and explain...

CRITICAL THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS

IMAGINATION

Ask questions
that begin with...

How would you feel if...?


Pretend that...
Imagine yourself in...

CREATIVE THINKING
with an AFFECTIVE
FOCUS

FLUENCY

ELABORATION

TO
ENCOURAGE

KIND OF THINKING &


FOCUS

CURIOSITY

Source:
The Alice Smith School. Extended Brainstorming. <http://www.alice-smith.edu.my/
download/Year_3_Extended_Brainstorming_-_Presentation.pdf>
Thinking Tools. <http://aplaceforthinking.wikispaces.com/Thinking+Tools>

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