ARTICLE 2

The main aim of the precursor study was to utterly portray the hydrodynamics of
heterogeneous ice slurry flow without melting in the horizontal pipes by examining the
legalized Mixture computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Corresponding to this model,
the simulation of the ice slurry isothermal flow already had been tested (Niezgado-Zelasko
and Zalewski (2006 a,b)) but no forethought of ice particle apportion had been taken into
account when feeding the ice slurry velocity particles. Furthermore, the ice slurry rheological
features had not been coalesced with the concentration and flow distribution. As the result, the
Mixture CFD model cannot provide more knowledge about the heterogenous ice slurry flow
nature. [2 : pp.426]
ARTICLE 5
Previous research had conducted direct noise computations, in other words simulating directly
both hydrodynamic and acoustic fields, that comprise all the sound origins which contributed
to mainly sound radiation from subsonic jets in the jet noise. This was because of the previous
direct noise simulations of jets had been disable to comprise all attainable noise generation
mechanism due to restrictions of applicable computational power. So, for the all cases, the jet
Mach number and the coflow magnitude were diversified at a distinct target Reynolds number
of 7500 to get turbulence data at the nozzle exit. [5 : pp.33]
ARTICLE 6
The previous investigation goal was to explain the Newtonian laminar pulsating developing
secondary flows characteristics in circular 90 curved tubes experimentally and numerically.
Howbeit, the pulsatile pipe flow investigation was lacking either by means of theoretical or
experimental despite of all the lengthy and undivided effort of past researches since the early
1970s [6 : pp. 882].

ARTICLE 9 : the three lobed helical pipe induced the pneumatic swirl flow
To get more understanding about the downstream flow regimes devised by the introduction of
a three lobed helical pipe within a pneumatic flow system, the outcomes of a series of
experiments that had been operated were displayed. Not to mention, the recognition and
conservation of the precise conveying velocity to sidestep separation and material clogs, the

optimization of the maximum conveying velocity to lower the resultant high pressure loss and
administering costs and pipe are the uppermost conflict for the pneumatic conveying systems
needed to take care of. [9 : pp.369]
[2] J. Wang,T. Zhang, and S. Wang. Heterogeneous ice slurry flow and concentration
distribution in horizontal pipes. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, vol. 44, pp.
425-434, 2013.
[5] R.D. Sandberg, N.D. Sandham, and V. Suponitsky. DNS of compressible pipe flow
exiting into a coflow. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, vol. 35, pp. 33-44,
2012.
[6] B. Timit, C. Castelain, and H. Peerhossaini. Pulsatile viscous flow in a curved pipe:
Effects of pulsation on the development of secondary flow. International Journal of Heat
and Fluid Flow, vol. 31, pp. 879-896, 2010.
[9] S. Fokeer, I. Lowndes,and S. Kingman. An experimental investigation of pneumatic swirl
induced by a three lobed helical pipe. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, vol. 30,
pp. 369-379, 2009.