Professional Documents
Culture Documents
962/2
TRIAL STPM 2011
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)
Two and a half hours (Dua jam setengah)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL
YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
2
Section A [ 40 marks ]
Answer all questions in this section.
1.
(ii) CO32-
Shape :
Shape :
(iii) NH4+
(iv) SF6
Shape :
Shape :
[ 4 marks ]
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
3
(b)
An element A reacts with another element B to form a compound of formula AB2. The
element B exist as molecules of formula B2. Some properties of A, B2 and AB2 are
tabulated below:
Substance
A
High
(in the range of
700C - 1200C)
Melting point
B2
Very low
(less than -50C)
Electrical conductivity
of the salt
High
Very low
Electrical conductivity
of molten material
High
Very low
Electrical conductivity
of aqueous solution
of the material
(i)
AB2
Moderate
(in the range of
400C -700C)
Very low
High
High
Which particles will move when a potential difference is applied across a sample
of
(I)
solid,
[ 1 marks ]
(II)
molten AB2 ?
[ 1 marks ]
(ii)
Explain why the electrical conductivity of molten AB2 is high, whereas that of the
solid is very low.
[ 2 marks ]
.
.
(iii)
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
4
2.
As a first step in a manufacture of nitric acid it has been suggested that nitrogen monoxide
NO, can be formed from nitrogen and oxygen in a reversible reaction.
(a)
Write an equation for this reaction and deduce an expression for the
[ 2 marks ]
.
Kc
(b)
The sketch graph below shows how the value of Kc for this reaction changes
with temperature.
Kc
Temperature (C)
Use this graph to deduce whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
Explain your answer.
[ 2 marks ]
.
..
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
5
(c) When cooled, nitrogen monoxide reacts with oxygen to form gaseous nitrogen dioxide NO2, in a
reversible reaction.
(i)
[ 1 mark ]
..
(ii)
State how an increase in pressure would change the position of the equilibrium and the
value of the rate constant for this reaction.
[ 2 marks ]
Titration curves labelled A, B, C and D for combinations of different acids and bases are
shown below. All solutions have a concentration of 0.1 mol dm3.
14
12
10
8
pH
6
4
2
0
10
20 30 40
Volume/cm 3
50
14
12
10
8
pH
6
4
2
0
10
20 30 40
Volume/cm 3
A
14
12
10
8
pH
6
4
2
0
10
50
20 30 40
Volume/cm 3
50
14
12
10
8
pH
6
4
2
0
10
20 30 40
Volume/cm 3
50
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
6
(i)
[ 1 mark ]
......................................................................................................................
ethanoic acid to 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide
[ 1 mark ]
......................................................................................................................
(iii)
Indicator
pH range
Thymol blue
1.2 2.8
Bromophenol blue
3.0 4.6
Methyl red
4.2 6.3
Cresolphthalein
8.2 9.8
Thymolphthalein
9.3 10.5
Select from the table an indicator which could be used in the titration which
produces curve A but not in the titration which produces curve B. [ 1 mark ]
..............................................................................................................................
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
7
3+
3. (a) (i) Write the electron configuration of the Scandium atom and Scandium (III) ion, Sc .
[ 2 marks ]
Sc :..
Sc
3+ :
..
3+
[ 2 marks ]
...
...
(b) Chlorine is a greenish yellow poisonous gas which is slightly soluble in water.
(i)
Write a balanced equation for the reaction that occur when chlorine gas is passed into water.
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) What would you observe when an excess of potassium iodide is added to the solution obtained
from the reaction and write the equation that occurs.
[ 2 marks ]
(c) A sodium halide reacts with cold concentrated sulphuric acid to give colourless fumes.When
heated, the mixture produces brown fumes.
(i)
[ 1 mark ]
..
(ii) Write two balanced equations to explain the observations above.
[ 2 marks ]
..
..
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
8
4. (a) A compound M has the composition by mass : C, 80.0% ; H, 6.7% ; O, 13.3%.
(i) Calculate the empirical formula of M.
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) 0.305g of liquid M is vaporized at 480K. Its vapour occupies a volume of 100cm at 101kPa.
Calculate the relative molecular mass of M and deduce the molecular formula. [ 2 marks ]
(b) When warmed with iodine and aqueous sodium hydroxide, M gives a yellow precipitate. M can
reduced to compound N.
(i) What is the yellow precipitate?
[ 1 mark ]
(ii)
[ 1 mark ]
(iii)
M:
[ 2 marks ]
N:
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
9
(c) When N is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, a colourless liquid P is obtained. P
decolourises bromine water.
[ 3 marks ]
(i)
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
10
Section B [ 60 marks ]
Answer any four questions in this section.
5.
Initial
concentration
[NO], mol dm-3
0.10
0.10
0.20
What is the order of reaction with respect to NO and with respect to Cl2 and what is
value of the rate constant ? State clearly the units of rate constant.
[ 4 marks ]
(b) Sucrose decomposes in acid solution into glucose and fructose according to a first
order rate law, with a half-life of 3.33 h at 25C. What fraction of a sample of sucrose
remains after 9.00 h ?
[ 3 marks ]
(c) A current of 2.00 A is passed through a potassium sulfate solution for 30.0 minutes at
25.0C using graphite electrodes. Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the gas evolved at
the anode at 101 kPa.
[ 3 marks ]
(d) The values of Ksp for the slightly soluble salts MX and QX2 are each equal to
4.0 x 10-18. which salt is more soluble ? Explain your answer fully.
[ 5 marks ]
6.
(a) Elements P and Q form an ionic compound PQ. The enthalpy changes involved in the
formation of this compound under standard conditions are as below :
P(s)
P(g) :
Q2(g)
Q(g) :
P(g)
P+(g) + e- :
Q(g) + eQ-(g) :
P(s) + Q2(s)
PQ(g) :
H = +77 kJ
H = +121 kJ
H = +419 kJ
H = - 364kJ
H = -436 kJ
Write equation which represent the lattice energy of compound PQ and calculate
the value of the lattice energy with the aid of a Born-Haber cycle.
[ 6 marks ]
(b) Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is brown gas that is a constituent of smogs caused by cars in
cities. Suggest how NO2 is formed in a car engine and how it may be removed from
exhaust gases.
[ 3 marks ]
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
11
(c) In the gaseous state, NO2 can dimerise as follows.
(i) At a temperature of 320 K and a pressure of 1.0 x 105 Pa(1.0 atm), 0.50 g of the
gaseous NO2/N2O4 mixture takes up a volume of 190 cm3. Calculate the average
mass, Mr of the mixture.
[ 3 marks ]
(ii) at another temperature, it is found that the partial pressures of NO2 and N2O4 at
equilibrium are 0.4 atm and 0.6 atm respectively.
Write an expression for Kp and calculate its value, giving units.
[ 3 marks ]
7.
Benzene and methylbenzene form a solution that obeys Raoults law. The vapour pressure
of pure benzene and pure methylbenzene are 12.7 and 3.9 kPa respectively at 298 K.
(a) State Raoults law
[ 2 marks ]
(b) Draw and label, on a graph paper the vapour pressure-composition graph for a mixture
of benzene and methylbenzene.
[ 3 marks ]
(c) Determine the vapour pressure of a solution containing 2.0 moles of benzene and 3.0
moles of methylbenzene.
[ 3 marks ]
(d) By using a sketch of boiling point-composition curve, describe how a mixture of
benzene and methylbenzene can be separated.
[ 7 marks ]
8.
(a) State the changes in acid-base properties of oxides of the third period elements, that is from
sodium to chlorine in the Periodic Table. Write an equation to represent each typical property
of the oxides.
[ 6 marks ]
(b) Between hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulphide, which is the stronger acid in aqueous
solution. Explain your answer.
[4 marks ]
(c) Draw the possible structures of isomers of the following complexes. State the name of each
isomer.
+
(i) [Cr(NH3)4Cl2]
(ii) [Cr(C2O4)3]
3-
[ 5 marks ]
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
12
9. Two organic compounds X and Y have the following formulae.
CH3
O2N
X
H2N
COOH
Y
a) State which of these two compounds has the higher melting point. Explain your answer.
[ 3 marks ]
b) State the reagents used and the conditions, the observations obtained and write equations for
the reactions that occur for the following.
(i) Formation of X from benzene.
[ 4 marks ]
(ii) Formation of Y from X.
[ 4 marks ]
(iii) A simple test to differentiate between X and Y.
[ 2 marks]
c) Which of the compounds X and Y exists as a zwiterrion? Write the formula of the zwiterrion.
[ 2 marks ]
10. a) Explain the following observations and write equations for the reactions involved.
(i) 1-Butanol is insoluble in aqueous sodium hydroxide but phenol is soluble.
[ 3 marks ]
(ii) Methanoic acid decolourises the purple colour of aqueous potassium manganate( VII).
[ 3 marks ]
(iii) Methylamine is soluble in hydrochloric acid.
[ 2 marks ]
962/2
* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
CONFIDENTIAL*
(a)
(ii)CO32-
(i)BeCl2
O
||
Cl
Be
Cl
C
-
Shape : linear
(iii) NH4+
(iv) SF6
H+
F
S
F
F
Shape : tetrahedral
Shape : octahedral
[4M]
(b)
(i) electrons
Ions / A2+ and B-
[2M]
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[1M]
[1M]
[2M]
------------------Total : 10M
2.
(a)
Equation
Kc
(b)
(c)
(d)
N2 + O2
2NO (1)
[NO]2 [N2] [O2] (1)
[2M]
2NO + O2
(ii)
(i)
B;
(ii)
cresolphthalein OR thymolphthalein;
[2M]
2NO2 (1)
(1)
C;
(1)
[3M]
[2M]
[1M]
-------------Total : 10 M
4. (a) (i) C
H
O
80.0
6.7
13.3
12
1
16
= 6.67 = 6.67 = 0.83
8
8
1
Empirical formula : C8H8O
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
----------------Total : 10 M
[1M]
(ii)
pV = nRT
101 x 0.1 = n (8.314) x 480
n = 0.025
RMM of M is 0.305 = 122
0.025
Molecular formula of M : C8H8O
(b) (i) triiodomethane
(ii) M has carbonyl group
N is an alcohol
(iii) M :
CO CH3
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
2
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
(c) (i)
N:
CH(OH)CH3
[1M]
P:
CH=CH2
[1M]
(ii) Dehydration
[1M]
(iii) CH-CH2-
[1M]
-----------------Total : 10M
5. (a) From expt 1 and 2 to determine the order with respect to Cl2,
( 1.0 )m = 0.18 ; ( )m = ;
0.2
0.35
m 1 , the reaction is first order with respect to Cl2
From expt 2 and 3 to determine the order with respect to NO,
( 1.0 )m = 0.35 : ( )m = ;
0.2
1.45
m 2 the reaction is second with respect to NO
Rate = k[NO][Cl2]2
From expt 1,
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
0.18 = k(0.10)(0.10)2
k = 180 mol-2dm6
[1M]
[1M]
(2) (1)
ln[sucrose]
-k(3.33)
-------------- = ------------ln[0.5]
-k(9)
[sucrose] = 0.153
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
3 600 C =
3600
mol of O2 = 0.00933 mol
4 x 96500
Volume of O2 produced = 0.00933 x 24 = 0.224 dm3
3
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[1M]
[1M]
M+ + X -
(d) MX
[1M]
[1M]
Q2+ + 2X-
QX2
[1M]
[1M]
6. (a)
P+(g)
[1M]
--------------Total : 15M
Q-(g)
H = +419 kJ
P(g)
H = +77 kJ
P(s)
H = -
kJ
Q(g) :
H = +121 kJ
Q2(s)
H = -436 kJ
PQ(g)
P (g) + Q (g)
+
PQ(g) :
H = lattice energy
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[4M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
(ii)
[1M]
n = 0.00714
[1M]
[1M]
PN2O4
Kp= ---------------PNO2
[1M]
0.6
Kp = --------------- = 3.75 atm-1
(0.4)2
[2M]
pressure/kPa
12.7
P(t)
3.9
P(benzene)
P(methylbenzene)
1
Mol fraction of benzene
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[3M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
(c) A mixture of benzene and methylbenzene which forms an ideal solution, can be
separated by fractional distillation. Benzene, which is more volatile, will be
distilled over first, followed by methylbenzene.
Temperature/C
[1M]
Boiling point
vapour
of benzene
Boiling point
of methyl
benzene
liquid
1.0
[2M]
[1M]
A mixture of benzene and methylbenzene with C1 composition is being heated
to boil at T1 temperature.
This will produce a vapour with C2 composition which has more benzene.
The vapour will be cooled in the column and become liquid.
[1M]
A mixture of benzene and methylbenzene with C1 composition Reheating will
vapourise the C2 liquid to form vapour at T2 temperature with C3 composition
[1M]
which even rich in benzene.
Repeating processes of boiling, cooling and condensation will separate benzene
[1M]
as distillate and methylbenzene as residue
---------------Total: 10M
8. (a) Na2O and MgO are basic oxides.
MgO is insoluble in water but it is soluble in dilute acid
Na2O + H2O
2NaOH
MgO + 2HCl
MgCl2 + H2O
Al2O3 is amphoteric. It dissolves in both dilute acids and alkalis
6
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
Al2O3 + 6H+
+ 2OH + 3H2O
Al2O3
(b)
2Al3+
+ 3H2O
[1M]
2Al(OH)4
The other oxides like SiO2, P4O10, SO3 and Cl2O7 are all acidic
They dissolve in water to produce acidic solutions.
SO3 + H2O
H2SO4
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
(c)
Cl
H3N
[1M]
Cl
H3N
NH3
[1M]
NH3
[1M + 1M]
Cr
Cr
Cl
NH3
NH3
H3N
Cis
3-
3-
O
O C
C O
Cr
Cr
[1M]
Trans
O
NH3
Cl
O
O
C C
O
C
O
O O
[1M + 1M]
--------------Total : 15M
Mirror
9. (a) Y
Because molecules of Y form intermolecular hydrogen bonds whereas the
Intermolecular forces between molecules of X are the weak van der Waals
forces.
(b) (i) Step 1
Reagent: Chloromethane in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride
Equation :
H + CH3Cl
CH3 + HCl
Step 2
Reagent: Concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid
Condition : 550C
7
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
Equation:
CH3 + HNO3
H3C
NO2 + H2O
(ii) Step 1
Reagent: Add tin, concentrated HCl followed by NaOH (aq)
Equation : O2N
CH3 + 6[H]
H2N
CH3 + 2H2O
Step 2
Reagent: Acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution and reflux
Equation : H2N
CH3 + 3[O]
H2N
COOH + H2O
H3 N
ONa + H2O
(ii) Methanoic acid contains aldehyde group in its structure. Hence just like
aldehydes it can be oxidised by acidified potassium manganate (VII)
solution to carbonic 1M
acid which decomposes to carbon dioxide and water.
H2CO3
CO2 + H2O
(iii) Methylamine is a base solution and will react with dilute HCl to produce
A water-soluble ionic salt.
CH3NH2 + HCl
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
--------------Total : 15 M
OH + NaOH
+ [O]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
COO
10. (a) (i) The benzene ring has electron withdrawing effect, this makes the O-H
group bond quite polar to donate proton. With NaOH (aq) phenol forms
a stable salt of sodium phenoxide.
On the other hand, 1-butanol is neutral. The butyl group is rather non-polar
And this prevent its reaction with NaOH (aq).
H C=O
OH
[1M]
CH3NH3Cl
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
(b)
Br(CH2)4Br
NC(CH2)4CN
Dilute H2SO4
reflux
HOOC(CH2)4COOH
Br(CH2)4Br
NC(CH2)4CN
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
[1M]
LiAlH4, H2O/H+
[1M]
H2NCH2(CH2)4CH2NH2
[1M]
ether
n [H2NCH2(CH2)4CH2NH2] + n [HOOC(CH2)4COOH]
[1M]
--------------Total : 15 M
http://edu.joshuatly.com/