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Kimberley Anne See 1

2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017


Preparation 19: Iso-alcoholic Elixir
EXPERIMENT:
Category: elixir, unofficial
Synonym: Iso-elixir
Description: clear, colorless, hydroalcoholic solution
Use: general vehicle
Method of preparation: admixture of two or more
ingredients
Computations:
Iso-alcoholic elixir
Original amount
Low-alcoholic elixir
15 mL
High-alcoholic elixir
15 mL
Low-alcoholic
elixir
Compound
orange spirit
Alcohol
Glycerin
Sucrose
Purified water, qs
ad

Original
amount
10 mL

Computed
amount
0.15 mL

100 mL
200 mL
320 g
1000 mL

1.5 mL
3 mL
4.8 g
15 mL

High-alcoholic
elixir
Compound
orange spirit
Saccharin
Glycerin
Alcohol, qs ad

Original
amount
4 mL

Computed
amount
0.06 mL

3g
200 mL
1000 mL

0.054 g
3 mL
15 mL

3. Filter solution until clear


4. Add sucrose. Stir.
5. Add H2O to make required volume.
High-Alcoholic Elixir
1. Mix compound orange spirit, saccharin, and
7.5 mL alcohol
2. Stir in glycerine.
3. Add sufficient alcohol to make required
volume.
Iso-alcoholic elixir
1. Mix 15 mL of low-alcoholic elixir and 15 mL
high-alcoholic elixir
Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle
Label: white (internal)
POST-LAB:
Elixirs
-hydroalcoholic solutions that are clear, sweetened,
and usually flavored
-contain less sugar than syrups
-can contain both water-soluble and alcoholsoluble components
Adjunctive solvents: glycerine and propylene glycol
Sweetening agents: sucrose, saccharin, sorbitol
Non-medicated elixirs
-used as vehicle in pharmaceutical
preparations
Medicated elixirs
-used for the indication of the active
ingredient incorporated
***10%-12% alcoholic concentration: self-preserving
Methods of preparation:
Simple solution w/ agitation
-solute is dissolved in the solvent
Admixture of two or more liquid ingredients
-Aqueous portion is added to alcoholic portion
*general vehicles
*use of alligation

Procedure:
Low-Alcoholic Elixir
1. Combine alcohol, glycerin, and 7.5 mL H2O.
Stir.
2. Add compound orange spirit. Stir. Cover
and let stand for 24 hrs.

Preparation 20: Terpin Hydrate Oral Solution


EXPERIMENT:
Category: medicated elixir, official USP
Synonyms: Terpin Hydrate Elixir
Elixir Terpin Hydrate
Terpinol Elixir
Description: colorless solution with striations
Use: expectorant (for productive cough)

Kimberley Anne See 2


2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017
Method of preparation: admixture of two or more
ingredients
Computations:
Original
Computed
amount
amount
Terpin hydrate
17 g
0.255 g
Alcohol
430 mL
6.45 mL
Orange peel
20 mL
0.3 mL
tincture
Benzaldehyde
0.05 mL
1 drop
Glycerin
400 mL
6 mL
Syrup
100 mL
1.5 mL
Purified water, qs
1000 mL
15 mL
ad
Procedure:
1. Pulverize terpin hydrate in a mortar and
pestle
2. In a beaker, add #1 to alcohol
3. Add orange peel tincture, benzaldehyde,
glycerine, syrup
4. Add enough water
5. Filter if turbid
Packaging: 15 mL narrow mouth amber bottle
Label: white (internal)
POST-LAB:
USP standard: each 100 mL contains n.l.t. 1.53 g and
n.m.t. 1.87 g of terpin hydrate
Alcohol: co-solvent
Water: solvent
Orange peel: flavorant
Benzaldehyde: preservative
Glycerin and syrup: sweetener
***43% concentration of alcohol
-if lower, might precipitate out
Preparation 21: Compound Orange Spirit
EXPERIMENT:
Category: non-medicated spirit, official USP
Synonym: Spiritus auranti compasitus
Description: clear, yellow-orange w/ the odor and
taste of orange
Use: flavoring agent
Method of preparation: simple solution
Computations:
Original
Computed
amount
amount
Orange oil
200 mL
12 mL
Lemon oil
50 mL
3 mL

Coriander oil
Anise oil
Alcohol, qs ad

20 mL
5 mL
1000 mL

24 drops
6 drops
60 mL

Procedure:
1. Place 21.75 mL alcohol
2. Stir in orange oil, lemon oil, coriander oil,
anise oil
3. Filter until clear
4. Add alcohol
Packaging: 60 mL narrow mouth amber bottle
Label: white (internal)
POST-LAB:
Spirits
-essences
-alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of aromatic or
volatile material
High alcoholic concentration: over 60%
-AI can be solid, liquid, gas
-flavoring agent
-medicinal value
-can be applied externally, inhaled, or taken orally
Methods of preparation:
Simple soution
-solutes are dissolved in solvent
-dissolve oils in alcohol
Solution by maceration
-leaves are submerged in a suitable solvent
Distillation
-fermatation yeast (Saccharomyces
cerevisiae)
-sugar is consumed by yeast, forming alcohol
Brandy: fruit juices
Whisky: malt grain
***each 100 mL of compound orange spirit contains
nmt 25 mL and nmt 30 mL of mixed oils
Preparation 22: Peppermint Spirit
EXPERIMENT:
Category: medicated spirit, official USP
Synonym: Spiritus menthos piperitas
Essence of peppermint
Description: clear, brilliant green solution w/ the
odor and taste of peppermint
Use: carminative

Kimberley Anne See 3


2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017
Method of preparation: maceration
Computations:
Original
Computed
amount
amount
Peppermint oil
100 mL
Peppermint
10 g
leaves
Alcohol, qs ad
1000 mL
30 mL
Procedure:
1. Remove stems, then tear into coarse
particles
2. Macerate leaves in 20 mL water for an hour
3. Collect leaves and express in filter paper
4. Macerate moist leaves in 20 mL alcohol for 2
hrs w/ frequent agitation
5. Filter thru muslin cloth or filter paper
6. Stir in peppermint oil then add alcohol
Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle
Label: white (internal)
POST-LAB:
**100 mL contains nlt 9 mL and nmt 11 mL
peppermint oil
Preparation 23: Aromatic Ammonia Spirit
EXPERIMENT:
Category: medicated spirit, official USP
Ingredients:
Synonym: Smelling salts
Sal volatile
Salts of hartshom
Description: clear, yellow solution w/ odor of
ammonia
Use: treatment and prevention of syncopy
Method of preparation:
Computations:

Ammonium
carbonate
Strong ammonia
solution
Lemon oil
Myristica oil
Lavander oil
Alcohol
Purified water, qs
ad

Original
amount
34 g

Computed
amount

36 g
10 mL
1 mL
1 mL
700 mL
1000 mL

30 mL

Procedure:
1. Combine strong ammonia solution and 6 mL
water then dissolve ammonium carbonate.
Stir and let stand for 24 hrs
2. In another beaker, dissolve volatile oils in
alcohol
3. Combine two solution
4. Add water
5. Let stand for 24 hrs w/ intermittent agitation
6. Filter if turbid
Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle
Label: white (internal)
POST-LAB:
intended to be inhaled
each 100 mL has nlt 1.7 g and nmt 21.1 g of total
NH3 content. and nlt 3.5 g and nmt 4.5 g of
ammonium carbonate

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