TUBIG, ERIKA NYMPH F.

BS ARCHITECTURE 4B

In logic and philosophy, the sense of argument that we are primarily

concerned is not merely disputes among people. Rather, philosophy is concerned
with arguments in the following sense: sets of propositions which contain premises
that are offered to support the truth of a conclusion. A premise is a proposition one
offers in support of a conclusion. That is, one offers a premise as evidence for the
truth of the conclusion, as justification for or a reason to believe the conclusion. A
conclusion is a proposition the truth of which one claims to be supported by the
premises.
The concept of a good argument is that it should offer a good support for the
conclusion. A good argument has some key features. One of the feature is it must
have a true premises because we want the argument to convince us to believe and
accept the conclusion. Good argument need to be valid and it must be inductively
strong. If an argument is weak, then the premises cannot provide good reasons
for accepting the conclusion. The premises of the argument should be plausible
and relevant to the conclusion. Plausibility is a matter of having good reasons
for believing that the premises are true. Relevance is the requirement that the
scope of the premises must be related to the conclusion. We need this additional
criterion because it makes the argument more persuasive in convincing people
that the conclusion is true.

The validity of an argument is about the logical connection between the

premises and the conclusion. Although an argument is valid, it is not enough to
prove anything about the actual truth or falsity of the premises or the
conclusion. In other words we still need to be careful before we let a valid
argument to persuade us since it might contain a false conclusion and we need
to check if the premises are true. If an argument is valid and all the premises are
true, it is called a sound argument. In short, a sound argument must contain a
true premises and it must be valid. Since the argument is valid and a valid
argument is affiliated to a true premises and a true premises leads you to a true
conclusion then that makes a sound argument.