1

2
3
4
5
6
7

B
B
A

D
C

B
A

E
D

G
F

H
G

J
I

K
J

L
K

L
K

J
non-lexical grave +
(any non-lexicals) +
acute/circ. lexical
or
emphasised name

pre-noun proclitic +
acute/circ. lexical

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

G
M
L

y
z
O

P
x

lexical grave +
pre-noun proclitic + acute/circ. lexical acute/circ. lexical acute/circ. non-lex. acute/circ. lexical acute/circ. non-lex. acute/circ. lexical acute/circ. non-lex. unaccented acute/circ. lex.
acute/circ.
secondary
(any non-lexicals) + acute/circ. non-lexical before any catath. after anathesis before any catath. with first catathesis with first catathesis with second catath. with second catath.
word
with third non-lex. with third rise (where
acute/circ. lexical
or after F-shaped
catathesis
catathesis
otherwise rise
words
of 3 or more
pitches

grave acc. on
clause-final
word (drops
tone by tone
to pitch 5)

[Q] means a partial pitch reset, which occurs in the middle of a catathesis domain (e.g. at the end of a minor phonological phrase) [D&S 408]. The catathetic pitch lowering for the next word is blocked, but not completely reversed or reset.
[R] means a full pitch reset, which occurs at the end of a catathesis domain (e.g. at the end of a major phonological phrase) [D&S 408, 449451]. The pitch shape of the next word is worked out without reference to the shapes of words before it.
Lexical words include nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs, particularly those derived from adjectives.
Non-lexical (or function) words include determiners, modal and auxiliary verbs, negatives, pronouns, conjunctions, complementisers, particulars and many underived adverbs (i.e. words defining phrase and sentence structure) [D&S 291].
General principles of pitch modelling:
1. The pitch-shape model ends at the end of a word [D&S 180], or at the end of any following enclitic [D&S 360].
2. Only lexical words cause catathesis; non-lexicals do not depress the pitch height of following words [D&S 361].
3. Anathesis is caused by grave-accented words [D&S 446449] and by proclitics, which should also be treated as grave-accented words [D&S 361].
General principles from which the model above was worked out:
1. Mid-high: There is a steady rise to the high [D&S 188]. The anathetic high (A-, B-, C-, and D-shaped words) is slightly higher than a standard high (E-, F- and G-shaped words) [D&S 446]. The first catathetic high (H- and I-shaped words) is
slightly lower than a standard high [D&S 442]. The second catathetic high (J- and K-shaped word) is slightly lower than a first catathetic high [D&S 444]. The third catathetic high (M- and N-shaped words), by inference, is slighly lower again
[D&S 444]. Highs in proper names (A-shaped words), for emphasis, are slightly higher than standard highs [D&S 479480]. Disyllable pre-noun proclitics have a flat internal pitch trajectory, unlike all other words [D&S 359].
2. High-low: The high-low fall is larger than the mid-high rise [D&S 184]. The fall from catathetic highs in lexicals is smaller than the standard high-low fall in lexicals, due to catathetic compression [D&S 438]. The fall from a second catathetic
high is not, however, more compressed than the fall from a first catathetic high [D&S 444]. The fall from an anathetic high preceded by a lexical grave (C-shaped words) is also smaller than the fall from a standard high, due to catathetic
compression [D&S 447]. The fall from an anathetic high preceded by a non-lexical grave (A-shaped words), however, remains uncompressed [D&S 447]. There is no evidence that emphasised proper names have a compressed high-low fall,
and so these are to be treated as A-shaped words [D&S 479480].
3. Low-extra low: The low-extra low fall is smaller than the high-low fall [D&S 188]. Any pitch falls after the extra low fall at the same rate [D&S 189].
The word shape includes attached articles [D&S 328], proclitics [D&S 359], prior sequences of non-lexicals [D&S 328], enclitics [D&S 353 and on], and prior words with the grave accent (denoted as [gr.]) [D&S 181183].
[pro.] means proclitics (graft onto the front of words for accentuation) [taken from D&S 357]
Definite article
Prepositions
Conjunct. Neg. & adv.
a)mfi/
para&
a)lla/
masc
fem
neuter
ou0(k)
o9
h(
to/
a)na/
peri/
a)ta/r
mh/
nom sg
tou=
th=j
tou=
a)nti/
pro/
ei0
i0dou/
gen sg
dat sg
acc sg
n+a du
g+d du
nom pl
gen pl
dat pl
acc pl

tw~|
to/n
tw&
toi=n
oi9
tw~n
toi=j
tou/j

th=|
th/n
tw& (ta&)
toi=n
(tai=n)
ai9
tw~n
tai=j
ta&j

tw~|
to/n
tw&
toi=n

a)po/
dia&
e0k/c
e0n(i)

pro/j
c/su/n
u9pe/r
u9po/

e0pei/
h!
h)de/
h)me/n

[enc.] means enclitics (which graft onto end of words for accentuation) [taken from Smyth, Greek Grammar for Colleges, 181181D]
ei0mi
Indefinite pronouns
Pers. pron. Indef. adv. 1 sing
Particles Dialectical/poetical forms
mou=
pou/
ge/
meu=
ni/n
nu/
mas/fem neuter
3 sing
e0sti/(n)
tij
ti
moi/
poqi/
e0sto/n
te/
se/o
sfi/
nu/n
nom sg
dual
tino/j
tino/j
me/
ph/|
e0sme/n
toi/
seu=
sfi/n
ke/
gen sg
1 plural
(tou)
(tou)
poi/
e0ste/
pe/r
toi/
sfe/
ke/n
dat sg
2 plural
tini/ (tw|) tini/ (tw|) sou=
tina/
ti
soi/
poqe/n
-de
te/
sfwe/
qh/n
acc sg
3 plural
ei0si//(n)
tine/
tine/
se/
pote/
fhmi/
tu/
sfwi/n
r(a&
n+a du
1 sing
tinoi=n
tinoi=n
ou[
pw&
sfe/wn
g+d du
3 sing
fhsi/(n)
se/ (acc)
e0ssi/ (epic)

ta&
tw~n
toi=j
ta&

e0(i)j
e0pi/
kata&
meta&

w(j

kai/
ou0de/
mhde/
fh/

nom pl
gen pl
dat pl
acc pl

tine/j
tinw~n
tisi/(n)
tina/j

tina/
tinw~n
tisi/(n)
tina/j

oi[
e3
sfi/si

pw&j

dual
1 plural
2 plural
3 plural

fato/n
fame/n
fate/
fasi//(n)

e3o
eu[
e3qen
mi/n

sfe/aj
sfa/j
sfa~j
sfe/a

ei]j (ionic)

Questions, email chad.bochan@aar.com.au