Philosophies of education

Idealism
Idealism is the approach that focuses on a Subject Matter Curriculum that
concentrates on the Cultures great and enduring ideas; Values are universal,
absolute and eternal. Idealist search for true ideas and believes that this is a
rational process. Idealists believe that students should strive for self-realization and
thus strives to encourage honorable moral character development. Idealist promote
critical thinking , they focus on reading and writing to evoke creative and inventive
ideas, they also emphasize on both person expression and clear reasoning.

Realism
Realism is also a Subject Matter Curriculum. But, it concentrates on the humanistic
and scientific Principals; and it values are based on universal natural laws. Realist
focuses on teaching their students the scientific method of problem solving. The
character development that realist hope that students will develop is: teaching
students accountability, rigor, and instilling practical knowledge. Idealist also
believes in the direct teaching method that is to be taught in a thoughtful and
organized manner in which to impart organization skill to student. Also idealist
believes that student should be taught based upon their abilities and strength.
Realists realize the importance of technology and believe it should be used
whenever possible. They also realist teacher should be experts in their subjectmatter.

Pragmatism
Pragmatism's curriculum is based on problem solving according the scientific
method and values are situational or relative. Pragmatists believe that reality is
constantly changing and that we learn best through applying our experiences and
thoughts to problems. Pragmatic teachers focus on hands-on problem solving
projects. They believe that having students work in groups is a highly effective
teaching method. Pragmatist believes in focusing on solving problems in an
interdisciplinary way. Pragmatists believe that learners should apply their
knowledge to real situations through experimental inquiry. This prepares students
for citizenship, daily living, and future careers.

Existentialism
Existentialism's curriculum is based on classroom a dialogue in which stimulates
awareness that each person creates a self-concept through significant choices; the
values are based on human free-will. Teachers who practice existentialism view
students as a learner must confront others' views to clarify his or her own.
Character development that existentialist hope that their students would achieve is

individual responsibility, having their students develop thoughtfulness, and having

the ability to examine life through authentic and genuine learning experiences.
Existentialists are opposed to thinking about students as objects to be measured, or
standardized.