BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 2

AR 222S1

TYPES OF TRUSSES

SUBMITTED BY:
CARMELA JANE H. ESCALONA
AR 22FB1
SUBMITTED TO:
ARCH. ROEL SAMSON
NOV. 21, 2015

WHAT ARE TRUSSES?

Trusses act as long, deep girders with the cutout webs and are used in numerous
manners.

In Architecture and Structural Engineering, a truss is a structure comprising one

or more triangular units constructed with straight slender members whose ends
are connected at joints referred to as nodes.

Roof trusses not only carry their own weight and the weight of the roof framing
but also wind loads, snow loads, suspended ceilings and equipment, and a live
load during construction and maintenance, and repair.

Bridge trusses have to support their own weight and that of deck framing and
deck live loads from traffic (automobiles, trucks, railroad trains, pedestrians, etc.)
and forces caused by live loads.

Other uses of trusses are for conveyor frames in the material handling systems.
Conveyors are uses to transport material, without the use of mobile equipment.
Trusses in the material handling can reach spans in excess of 100 feet.

Crane Booms are constructed of trusses, in order to give them the ability to lift
large amounts of weight with smaller lighter steel members.

COMMON TYPES OF TRUSSES

A. Trusses that are commonly named after the person who developed them.
1. King Post
King Post Truss is a wooden truss.
It can also be built of combination of
wood and steel.
It can be used for spans up to 8m.
2. Warren
A truss composed of a series of equilateral triangles. The diagonals carry
both compression and tension forces. A Warren Truss may be 50 to 400
feet (15 to 120 meters) long.
3. Howe
It is made of combination of wood
and steel.
The vertical members or tension
members are made of steel.
It can be used for spans from 6-30m.

4. English
5. Pratt
Pratt Truss is made of steel.
These are less economical than the Fink Trusses.
Vertical members are tension and diagonal members are compression.
Fink Trusses are very economical form of roof trusses.
It can be used for spans from 6-10m.
6. Fink

A symmetrical steel roof truss suitable for spans up to 50 feet (15 meters).

7. Parker

A Parker Truss is generally used for spans of 100 or more feet, but may be
found in spans of 40 to 200 feet (12 to 60 meters).

KING POST

HOWE

WARREN

ENGLISH

PRATT

PARKER

FINK

B. Trusses that were named after the shape or city in which they were first used.
1. Bowstring
A truss with one curved member in the shape of a bow and a straight or
cambered member, which ties together the two ends of the bow.
2. Baltimore

It is a modified version of the Pratt truss.

3. Pettit

Truss may be 250 to 600 feet (75 to 180 meters) long.

BOWSTRING

BALTIMORE

PETTIT