MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION

MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION

NERVE
SUPPLY

Gluteus
Maximus

Iliotibial Band
and Gluteal
Tuberosity of
Femur

Hip Extension
and Lateral
Rotation
Knee Extension

Inferior Gluteal
Nerve

Gluteus
Medius

Outer surface
of Ilium,
Sacrum,
Coccyx,
Sacrotuberous
Ligament
Outer surface
of Ilium

Lateral Surface
of Greater
Trochanter of
Femur

Superior
Gluteal Nerve

Gluteus
Minimus

Outer surface
of Ilium

Anterior
Surface of
Greater
Trochanter of
Femur

Hip Abduction
Tilt the pelvis
when walking
to permit
opposite leg to
clear ground
Hip Abduction
and Medial
Rotation
Tilt the pelvis
when walking
to permit
opposite leg to
clear ground

Tensor
Fasciae Latae

Anterior
Superior Iliac
Spine

Iliotibial Band

Hip Flexion and

Abduction,
Medial Rotation
Knee Extension
Hip Lateral
Rotation and
Abduction

Superior
Gluteal Nerve

Hip Lateral
Rotation

Nerve to
Obturator
Internus

Hip Lateral
Rotation

Nerve to
Obturator
Internus

Hip Lateral
Rotation

Nerve to
Quadratus
Femoris

Hip Lateral
Rotation

Nerve to
Quadratus

Piriformis

Obturator
Internus

Gemellus
Superior

Gemellus
Inferior

Quadratus
Femoris

Anterior surface Upper Border of

of Sacrum
Greater
Trochanter of
Femur
Inner Surface of Upper Border of
Obturator
Greater
Membrane
Trochanter of
Femur
Ischial Spine
Upper Border of
Greater
Trochanter of
Femur
Ischial
Upper Border of
Tuberosity
Greater
Trochanter of
Femur
Lateral Border
Quadrate
of Ischial
Tubercle of

Superior
Gluteal Nerve

Nerve to
Piriformis

Tuberosity

Femur

Femoris

MUSCLE OF THE ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT

OF THIGH
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

Sartorious

Anterior
Superior Iliac
Spine

Iliacus

Iliac Fossa of
Hip Bone

Psoas Major

Transverse
Processes of
Lumbar
Vertebrae,
Intervertebral
Discs, sides of
Bodies of T12L5 vertebrae
Superior Ramus
of Pubis

Pectineus

QUADRICEPS
FEMORIS
Rectus
Femoris

Vastus
Lateralis

Straight
Head:
Anterior Inferior
Iliac Spine
Reflected
Head:
Ilium superior
to Acetabulum
Upper end and
Shaft of Femur
Other Books:
Greater

INSERTION

ACTION

Upper Medial
Hip Flexion,
Surface of Shaft Abduction and
of Tibia
Lateral Rotation
Knee Flexion
With Psoas into
Hip Flexion
Lesser
Trochanter of
Femur
With Iliacus into
Hip Flexion,
Lesser
Trunk Flexion
Trochanter of
Femur

NERVE
SUPPLY
Femoral Nerve

Femoral Nerve

Segmental
Branches of
Lumbar Plexus
from L1-L3
Nerve
Other Books
From L2-L3
nerve
Femoral Nerve
Sometimes
Obturator
Nerve

Pectineal Line
of Femur

Hip Flexion and

Adduction

Quadriceps
Tendon into
Patella, Via
Patellar
Ligament
(Ligamentum
Patellae) into
Tibial
Tuberosity
Quadriceps
Tendon into
Patella, Via
Patellar

Hip Flexion and

Knee Extension

Femoral Nerve

Knee Extension

Femoral Nerve

trochanter, Lateral
lip of linea aspera
of femur)

Vastus
Medialis

Upper end and

Shaft of Femur
Other Books:
Intertrochanteric
line, medial lip of
linea aspera of femur

Vastus
Intermedius

Anterior and
Lateral
Surfaces of
Shaft of Femur

Ligament
(Ligamentum
Patellae) into
Tibial
Tuberosity
Quadriceps
Tendon into
Patella, Via
Patellar
Ligament
(Ligamentum
Patellae) into
Tibial
Tuberosity
Quadriceps
Tendon into
Patella, Via
Patellar
Ligament
(Ligamentum
Patellae) into
Tibial
Tuberosity

Knee Extension

Femoral Nerve

Knee Extension
Articularis
Genus Retracts
the Synovial
Membrane

Femoral Nerve

MUSCLE OF THE MEDIAL FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF

THIGH
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION

NERVE
SUPPLY

Gracilis

Inferior Pubic
Ramus and
Ischial Ramus
Body of Pubis;
Media to Pubic
Tubercle
Inferior Pubic
Ramus

Upper part of
Medial Surface
of Shaft of Tibia
Middle Third of
Linea Aspera of
Femur
Pectineal Line
and Proximal
Part of Linea
Aspera of
Femur
Adductor
Part:
Gluteal
Tuberosity,
Linea Aspera,
Medial
Supracondylar
Line of Femur

Hip Flexion,
Adduction and
Medial Rotation
Hip Adduction
and Lateral
Rotation
Hip Adduction
and Lateral
Rotation

Obturator
Nerve

Adductor
Part:
Hip Flexion and
Adduction
Hamstring
Part:
Hip Extension

Adductor
Part:
Obturator
Nerve
Hamstring
Part:
Tibial Division
of Sciatic Nerve

Adductor
Longus
Adductor
Brevis

Adductor
Magnus

Adductor
Part:
Inferior Pubic
Ramus, Ischial
Ramus
Hamstring
Part:

Obturator
Nerve
Obturator
Nerve

Ischial
Tuberosity

Obturator
Externus

Outer Surface
of Obturator
Membrane,
Pubic and
Ischial Ramus

Hamstring
Part:
Adductor
Tubercle of
Femur
Medial Surface
of Greater
Trochanter of
Femur

Hip Lateral
Rotation

Obturator
Nerve

MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT

OF THIGH
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

Biceps Femoris

Lateral Side of
Head of Fibula

Semitendinosu
s

Long Head:
Ischial
Tuberosity
Short Head:
Linea Aspera
and Lateral
Supracondylar
Line of Femur
Ischial
Tuberosity

Semimembran
osus

Ischial
Tuberosity

Adductor
Magnus
(Hamstring
Portion)

Ischial
Tuberosity

Upper Part of
Medial Surface
of Shaft of Tibia
Medial Condyle
of Tibia
Adductor
Tubercle of
Femur

ACTION

NERVE
SUPPLY

Long Head:
Long Head:
Hip Extension Tibial Division of
and Knee
Sciatic Nerve
Flexion, Lateral
Short Head:
Rotation
Common
Short Head:
Peroneal
Knee Flexion
Division of
Sciatic Nerve
Hip Extension Tibial Division of
and Knee
Sciatic Nerve
Flexion
Hip Extension Tibial Division of
and Knee
Sciatic Nerve
Flexion
Hip Extension Tibial Division of
Sciatic Nerve

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF

THE LEG
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION

NERVE
SUPPLY

Tibialis
Anterior

Lateral surface
of the shaft of
tibia &

Medial
Cuneiform and
Base of 1st

Ankle
Dorsiflexion and
Foot Inversion

Deep Peroneal
Nerve

Interosseous
membrane

Metatarsal bone

Extensor
Digitorum
Longus

Anterior Surface
of Shaft of
Fibula

Extensor
Expansion of
Lateral 4 Toes

Peroneus
Tertius
(Fibularis
Tertius)
Extensor
Hallucis
Longus

Anterior Surface
of Shaft of
Fibula
Anterior Surface
of Shaft of
Fibula

Ankle
Dorsiflexion and
Big Toe
Extension
Base of 5th
Ankle
Metatarsal Bone Dorsiflexion and
Foot Eversion
Base of Distal
Phalanx of
Great Toe

Big Toe
Extension,
Ankle
Dorsiflexion and
Foot Inversion

Deep Peroneal
Nerve

Deep Peroneal
Nerve

Deep Peroneal
Nerve

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF

THE LEG
MUSCLE
Peroneous
Longus
(Fibularis
Longus)
Peroneous
Brevis
(Fibularis
Brevis)

ORIGIN

INSERTION

Lateral Surface
of the Shaft of
Fibula
Lateral Surface
of the Shaft of
Fibula

Base of 1st
Metatarsal and
Medial
Cuneiform
Base of 5th
Metatarsal
Bone

ACTION
Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Foot
Eversion
Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Foot
Eversion

NERVE
SUPPLY
Superficial
Peroneal Nerve

Superficial
Peroneal Nerve

Muscles of the Posterior Fascial Compartment of the

Leg
SUPERFICIAL GROUP
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION

NERVE
SUPLLY

Gastrocnemiu
s

Lateral Head:
Lateral Aspect
of Lateral
Femoral
Condyle
Medial Head:
Above Medial
Femoral
Condyle
Lateral

Via Achilles
Tendon into
Posterior
Surface of
Calcaneum

Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Knee
Flexion

Tibial Nerve

Posterior

Ankle

Tibial Nerve

Plantaris

Soleus

Supracondylar
Ridge of Femur

Surface of
Calcaneum

Shaft of Tibia
and Fibula

Via Achilles
Tendon into
Posterior
Surface of
Calcaneum

Plantarflexion
and Knee
Flexion
Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Provides
main propulsive
force in running
and walking

Tibial Nerve

DEEP GROUP
MUSCLE

ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION

NERVE
SUPPLY

Popliteus

Lateral Surface
of Lateral
Femoral
Condyle

Posterior
Surface of Shaft
of Tibia above
the Soleal Line

Tibial Nerve

Flexor
Digitorum
Longus

Posterior
surface of shaft
of Tibia

Base of distal
phalanges of
lateral four toes

Flexor
Hallucis
Longus
Tibialis
Posterior

Posterior
surface of shaft
of Tibia
Posterior
surface of shaft
of tibia and
fibula and
interosseous
membrane

Base of the
distal phalanx
of great toe
Navicular
Tuberosity,
cuneiform,
cuboid and
bases of 2nd -4th
Metatarsals

Knee Flexion,
Unlocks the
Knee during
OpenKinematic
Chain (OKC),
Internal
Rotation of
Femur and
During ClosedKinematic
Chain (CKC)
External
Rotation of
Tibia
Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Lateral 4
Toes Flexion
Flexes proximal
phalanx of
great toe
Ankle
Plantarflexion
and Foot
Inversion

Tibial Nerve

Tibial Nerve

Tibial Nerve

MUSCLES OF THE SOLE FOOT (1ST LAYER)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve
Supply

Abductor
Hallucis

Medial
Tuberosity of

Base of
proximal

Abducts and
Flexes 1st digit;

Medial Plantar
Nerve

calcaneus and
Flexor
retinaculum
Medial Tubercle
of calcaneus

Flexor
Digitorum
Brevis

Abductor
digiti minimi

Lateral and
Medial Tubercle
of Calcaneus

phalanx of
great toe
Both sides of
middle
phalanges of
lateral four
digits
Base of the
proximal
phalanx of
great toe

braces medial
longitudinal
arch of foot
Flexes lateral
four toes;
Braces medial
& Lateral
Longitudinal
arches
Abducts &
Flexes 5th digit;
braces lateral
longitudinal
arches

Medial Plantar
Nerve

Lateral Plantar
Nerve

MUSCLES OF THE SOLE FOOT (2ND LAYER)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve
Supply

Quadratus
Plantae

Medial and
Lateral sides of
calcaneus
Tendons of
Flexor
Digitorum
Longus

Assists Flexor
Digitorum
Longus in
lateral 4 toes.
Flexes proximal
phalanges at
MTP joint;
extends
phalanges at
DIP and PIP
joint

Lateral Plantar
Nerve

Lumbricals
(4)

Tendon of
Flexor
Digitorum
Longus
Dorsal extensor
expansion;
bases of
proximal
phalanges of
lateral 4 toes

Medial One:
Medial Plantar
Nerve
Lateral Three:
Lateral Plantar
Nerve

Flexor
Hallucis
Longus
Tendon
Tibialis
Posterior

MUSCLES OF THE SOLE FOOT (3RD LAYER)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve
Supply

Flexor
Hallucis
Brevis

Cuboid, lateral
cuneiform, tibialis
posterior

Medial tendon
into medial
side of base of

Flexes
metatarsophalan
geal joint of big

Medial Plantar
Nerve

Adductor
Hallucis

Flexor Digiti
Minimi
Brevis

insertion

proximal
phalanx of big
toe; lateral
tendon
into lateral
side of base of
proximal
phalanx of big
toe

toe; support
medial
longitudinal arch
of foot

Oblique Head:
Base of 2nd
through 4th
metatarsals
Transverse
Head: Ligaments
of
Metatarsophalan
geal joint of
digits 3-5
Base of 5th
metatarsal bone

Lateral Side of
base of
proximal
Phalanx of big
toe

Flexes
metatarsophalan
geal joint of big
toe; holds
together the
metatarsal bone

Deep branch
of Lateral
Plantar Nerve

Lateral Side of
base of
proximal
Phalanx of big
toe

Flexes
metatarsophalan
geal joint of little
toe

Lateral Plantar
Nerve

MUSCLES OF THE SOLE FOOT (4TH LAYER)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve
Supply

Dorsal
Interossei (4)

Adjacent side
of the
metatarsal
bone

1st: medial
side of
proximal
phalanx of 2nd
digit

Abduct 2nd
through 4th toes,
flex
metatarsophalan
geal joints, and
extend
phalanges

Lateral Plantar
Nerve

Adduct digits (2
4)
and flex
metatarsophalan
geal
joint and extend
phalanges

Lateral Plantar
Nerve

Plantar
Interossei (3)

2nd through
4th: Lateral
sides of digits
2-4 also dorsal
extensor
expansion
Medial Side of
bases of
proximal
phalanges of
lateral three
toes

Inferior
surfaces of 3rd ,
4th and 5th
metatarsal
bones

Peroneous
Longus
Tendon
Tibialis
Posterior
Tendon

MUSCLE OF THE DORSUM OF FOOT

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Extensor
Digitorum
Brevis

Anterior part of
upper surface
of
the calcaneum
and from the
inferior
extensor
retinaculum

Action

By four tendons
Extends Toes
into the
proximal
phalanx of big
toe and long
extensor
tendons to 2nd,
3rd, and 4th
toes
MNEMONIC SONG

ISANG LINGGONG PAG-IBIG

By SIR MONDY
LUNES : abductors at FDB

Nerve
Supply
Deep Peroneal
Nerve

MARTES: LQ si Dick & Hally

MIYERKULES: FAdF halluci digiti minimi (brevis)
HUWEBES: interossei TP PL

Medial plantar nerve: abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, 1st
lumbrical, others lateral