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2. A moment of 7.5 N m is required to turn a wheel. If a force of 37.5 N applied to the rim of the
wheel can just turn the wheel, calculate the effective distance from the rim to the hub of the
wheel.
Moment, M = force distance
from which, distance from rim to hub =
moment, M 7.5 N m
= 0.2 m = 200 mm
=
force, F
37.5 N
3. Calculate the force required to produce a moment of 27 N m on a shaft, when the effective
distance from the centre of the shaft to the point of application of the force is 180 mm.
Moment, M = force distance
from which, force =
moment, M
27 N m
= 150 N
=
dis tan ce, d 180 103 m
107
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
1. Determine distance d and the force acting at the support A for the force system shown below,
when the system is in equilibrium.
2.8 d = 1 140
distance, d =
1140
= 50 mm
2.8
2. If the 1 kN force shown below is replaced by a force F at a distance of 250 mm to the left of R A ,
find the value of F for the system to be in equilibrium.
force, F =
2.8 50
= 0.56 kN = 560 N
250
3. Determine the values of the forces acting at A and B for the force system shown below.
108
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
R A + R B = 20 + 30 = 50 N
At equilibrium,
(1)
Hence,
400 + 1500 = 76 R B
i.e.
from which,
force acting at B, R B =
1900
= 25 N
76
R A + 25 = 50
R A = 50 25 = 25 N
4. The forces acting on a beam are as shown below. Neglecting the mass of the beam, find the
value of R A and distance d when the beam is in equilibrium.
At equilibrium,
from which,
R A + 60 = 40 + 25
R A = 40 + 25 60 = 5 N
25 d + R A 35 = 40 (35 15)
109
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
i.e.
25d + 5 35 = 40 20
i.e.
i.e.
from which,
110
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
1. Calculate the force R A and distance d for the beam shown below. The mass of the beam should
be neglected and equilibrium conditions assumed.
At equilibrium,
from which,
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
and
21.6 = 0.9d
from which,
distance, d =
21.6
= 24 mm
0.9
2. For the force system shown below, find the values of F and d for the system to be in equilibrium.
At equilibrium,
i.e.
Hence,
i.e.
i.e.
and
0.2d = 12.8
from which,
distance, d =
12.8
= 64 mm
0.2
3. For the force system shown below, determine distance d for the forces R A and R B to be equal,
assuming equilibrium conditions.
R A + R B = 10 + 15 + 25 = 50 N
For equilibrium,
Hence, if R A = R B
then R A = R B =
50
= 25 N
2
i.e.
i.e.
and
from which,
800
= 80 m
10
112
4. A simply supported beam AB is loaded as shown below. Determine the load F in order that the
reaction at A is zero.
i.e.
i.e.
2F = 32 + 40 = 72
from which,
load, F =
72
= 36 kN
2
5. A uniform wooden beam, 4.8 m long, is supported at its left-hand end and also at 3.2 m from the
left-hand end. The mass of the beam is equivalent to 200 N acting vertically downwards at its
centre. Determine the reactions at the supports.
113
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
RB =
from which,
For equilibrium,
200 2.4
= 150 N
3.2
R A + R B = 200
R A = 200 - R B
Hence,
= 200 150 = 50 N
6. For the simply supported beam PQ shown below, determine (a) the reaction at each support,
(b) the maximum force which can be applied at Q without losing equilibrium.
6 + 33 + 45 = 7 R 2
R2 =
from which,
6 + 33 + 45 84
=
= 12 kN
7
7
R1 + R 2 = 4 + 6 + 5 = 15 kN
For equilibrium,
R1 + 12 = 15
Hence,
R 1 = 15 12 = 3 kN
from which,
(b) Let the force at Q be R Q
Taking moments about R 2 gives:
i.e.
2 R Q = 9 + 22 = 31
114
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
RQ =
from which,
31
= 15.5 kN
2
7. A uniform beam AB is 12.0 m long and is supported at distances of 2.0 m and 9.0 m from A.
Loads of 60 kN, 104 kN, 50 kN and 40 kN act vertically downwards at A, 5.0 m from A, 7.0 m
from A and at B. Neglecting the mass of the beam, determine the reactions at the supports.
R1 + R 2 = 60 + 104 + 50 + 40 = 254 kN
For equilibrium,
(1)
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
1350 = 2 R1 + 9 R 2
(2)
254 = R1 + R 2
(1)
508 = 2R1 + 2R 2
(3)
842 = 7R 2
842
= 120.3 kN
7
from which,
R2 =
115
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
8. A uniform girder carrying point loads is shown below. Determine the value of load F which
causes the beam to just lift off the support B.
At equilibrium, R A + R B = F + 10 + 4 + 5
When the beam is just lifting off of the support B, then R B = 0, hence R A = (F + 19)kN.
Taking moments about the left-hand end:
clockwise moments = anticlockwise moments
i.e.
(10 2) + (4 6) + (5 9) = (R A 4) + (R B 11)
i.e.
20 + 24 + 45 = (F + 19) 4 + (0)
i.e.
89
= (F + 19)
4
from which,
F = 22.25 19 = 3.25 kN
i.e. the value of force F which causes the beam to just lift off the support B is 3.25 kN
116
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
1. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
i.e.
Hence,
5 RA = - 5
and
R A = - 1 kN
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
R B = - R A = - (- 1) = 1 kN
i.e.
2. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
RA 5 + 5 = 0
5 RA = - 5
117
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
and
R A = - 1 kN
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
i.e.
R B = - R A = - (- 1) = 1 kN
3. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
i.e.
RB= - RA
R A 8 + 10 = 6 + 12
8 R A = 6 + 12 10 = 8
and
R A = 1 kN
Also,
R B = - R A = - 1 kN
4. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
118
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
i.e.
RA= - RB
i.e.
Hence,
5 RB = 0
and
RB = 0
Also,
RA= - RB = 0
5. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
10 + R A 3 = 10
3 RA = 0
119
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
and
RA = 0
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
i.e.
RB = - RA = 0
6. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
RA+ RB= 8
i.e.
i.e.
RB= 8 - RA
R A 6 = 8 4 + 10
6 R A = 32 + 10 = 42
and
R A = 7 kN
Also,
R B = 8 - R A = 8 7 = 1 kN
7. Determine the reactions acting on the simply supported beam shown below.
120
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis
Resolving vertically:
upward forces = downward forces
i.e.
RA+ RB= 0
i.e.
RB= - RA
i.e.
Hence,
6 R A = 10 - 12 = - 2
1
kN = - 333.3 N
3
and
RA =
Also,
R B = - R A = 333.3 N
121
John Bird & Carl Ross Published by Taylor and Francis