AIM : To detect the presence of adulterants in samples of chilli

powder.
REQUIREMENTS:Test-tubes , dil. HNO3.
PROCEDURE:Common adulterants present in chilli powder are red coloured
lead salts, brick powder. They are detected as follows .
(i) Adulteration of red lead salts in chilli powder
To a sample of chilli powder, add dil. HNO3. Filter the solution and add 2 drops
of potassium iodide solution to the filtrate. Yellow ppt. indicates the presence of
lead salts in chilli powder.
(ii) Adulteration of brick powder in red chilli powder
Add small amount of given red chilli powder in beaker containing water. Brick
powder settles at the bottom while pure chilli powder floats over water.

(iii) Adulteration of Oil solube coal tar colour in red chilli powder.
Take 2 gms of the samples in a test tube, add few ml of solvent ether and shake,
Decant ether layer into a test tube containing 2ml of dilute Hydrochloric acid .
Shake it, the lower acid layer wil be coloured distinct pink to red indicating
presence of oil soluble colour.

AIM : To detect the presence of adulterants in samples of turmeric

powder.
REQUIREMENTS: Test-tubes, conc. HCl.
PROCEDURE: Common adulterants present in turmeric powder are red
coloured yellow lead salts , Chalk powder.They are detected as follows .
(i) Adulteration of yellow lead salts to turmeric powder
To a sample of turmeric powder add conc. HCl. Appearance of magenta colour
shows the presence of yellow oxides of lead in turmeric powder.
(ii)Adulteration of Chalk or yellow soap stone powder to turmeric powder
Take a small quantity of turmeric powder in a test tube containing small
quantity of water. Add a few drops of conc. HCL, effervescence will indicate
the presence of chalk or yellow soap stone powder.
(iii)Adulteration of Starch of maize, wheat, tapioca, rice to turmeric powder
A microscopic study reveals that only pure turmeric is yellow coloured, big in
size and has an angular structure. While foreign/added starches are colourless
and small in size as compared to pure turmeric starch.

AIM : To detect the presence of adulterants in samples of pepper.

(i) Adulteration of dried papaya seeds in pepper
Add small amount of sample of pepper to a beaker containing water and stir
with a glass rod. Dried papaya seeds being lighter float over water while pure
pepper settles at the bottom.
(ii)Adulteration of Coated with mineral oilseeds in pepper
Black pepper coated with mineral oil gives Kerosene like smell.
(iii)Adulteration of Light black pepper in pepper.
Float the sample of black pepper in alcohol (rectified spirit). The mature black
pepper beries sink while the papaya seeds and light black pepper float.