Integer Type Questions

Trigonometrical Identities
1.

Sol.

Let A, B, C be real numbers such that

(i)
(sin A, cos B) lies on a unit circle centred at origin.
(ii)
tan C and cot C are defined.
If the minimum value of (tan C sin A)2 (cot C cos B)2 is a + b 2 where a, b N, find the value
of (a + b).
Note that (tan C sin A)2 + (cot C cos B)2 denotes the square of the distance PQ
now d2PQ = (Q OP)2
2
2
d2PQ = (tan C + cot C) 1

2
d2PQ = (tan C cot C) + 2 1

d2min =

2 1 = 3 2 2
a = 3; b = 2
a + b = 5 Ans. ]

2.

A circle is inscribed in a triangle with sides of lengths 3, 4 and 5. A second circle, interior to the triangle,
is tangent to the first circle and to both sides of the larger acute angle of the triangle. If the radius of the
second circle can be expressed in the form

sin
64 k
where k and w are in degrees and lie in the interval
cos
65 w

(0, 90), find the value of (2k w).

Sol.

Radius of the first circle =

sin

C 1 r
=
2 1+ r

=1

....(1) (r < 1)

also

sin C =

now

2sin2
sin2

=
S

C
3
2
= 1 cos C = 1 =
2
5
5

C 1
=
2
5
2

1
1 r

5
1+ r

5 1 = ( 5 + 1 )r

5(1 r)2 = (1 + r)2

r=

5 (1 r ) = 1 + r

5 1
sin 18
=

5 + 1 cos 36

2k w = 0 Ans. ]

3.
Sol.

A point M is situated inside an angle of measure 60 at a distance x and y from its sides. Find the
distance of the point M from the vertex of the given angle, when x = 2, y = 2
OAMB is a cyclic quadrilateral
using sine law in OBM and OAM
x
d
=
sin(60 )
sin 90
and

d
y
=
sin 90
sin

B
y

....(2)
M

x
y
=
sin(60 )
sin

(1) and (2)

.....(1)

sin(60 )
1
3
=
cot
sin
2
2

2x
+1=
y

3 cot

120
x

60

2x + y
= cot
3y

from (2)
d = y cosec
d2 = y2(1 + cot2)
d2

4.

3y 2 + 4 x 2 + y 2 + 4 xy
=
3

d=

d2 = y2

d2

d2 = y2 +

(2 x + y) 2
3

4 xx2 + 4(cy22x ++ 4yxy

) 2

= 11 +
+
y a3 3y 2

2
x 2 + y 2 + xy d x = 2, y = 2 = 2 2 3 = 4 Ans. ]
3
3

If a, b, c are the sides of triangle ABC satisfying log

+ log a log b = log 2. Also

a(1 x2) + 2bx + c(1 + x2) = 0 has two equal roots and the value of sin A + sin B + sin C = /, then
find the value of .
Sol.

a+c
a
+ log = log 2
Given log
a
b
a+c
= log 2
log
b

a + c = 2b
.....(1)
2
also a ax + 2bx + c + cx2 = 0
(c a)x2 + 2bx + (c + a) = 0 has equal roots

D=0
4b2 4(c2 a2) = 0

b2 = c2 a2 ....(2)
from (1) and (2)
b2 = (c a)(c + a)
b2 = (c a) 2b


2(c a) = b ....(3)
2
2
from (2)
c = a + b2
triangle is a right at C.
C = 90
A + B = 90
from (3) using sine law
2(sin C sin A) = sin B
C = 90

sin C = 1
A + B = 90
B = 90 A
2(1 sin A) = sin(90 A) = cos A
squaring both sides

4(1 sin A)2 = cos2A = (1 sin2A)

4(1 sin A) = (1 + sin A)
3 = 5 sin A
sin A = 3/5
B = 90 A
sin B = cos A = 4/5
and
sin C = 1

sin A + sin B + sin C =

3 4
12
= 7.
+ +1=
5 5
5

5.

For x (0, /2) and sin x =

, if

sin(nx)
a+b b
=
then find the value of (7a + b c),
n
3
c
n =0

where a, b, c are positive integers.

1
eix e ix
(You may Use the fact that sin x =
3)
2i

Sol.

sin(nx)
3n
n =0

put

sin (nx) =

e nix e nix
2i

sin(nx )
3n = 21i
n =0

ix
e nix e nix
1 e
3n = 2i n=0 3
n =0

1
1 1

=
ix
2i e
e ix

1
1

3
3

ix

n =0 3

3
3
=

ix
3 e ix
3 e

3 (3 e ix ) (3 eix )
3 2i sin x

=
ix

ix
2i 9 3(e + e ) + 1 2i 10 6 cos x

3 sin x
1
1
=
=
2(5 3 cos x )
2(5 2 2 )
2 5 3 1 (1 9)

5+2 2
34

a = 5, b = 2 , c = 37

7 a + b c = 0.

2
sin x
3
where 0 < x < , and the values of x are x1 and x2, then find the
=
2
cos x
cos
3
sin

6.

If tan

value of

[Sol.

x
2 cos + x sin
2

3
3 2
x =
= cot + x = tan + + x = tan + x
tan

3
2 3
3

2 sin + x sin
3 2
3
5
+ x = n +
6

x=

2x = n +

n
2 5
2

11
12
12
| x2 =

| x2 x1 | = 6.
x1 =| x2xx1and
12

6233 12
12