Java: An Introduction

Sanjay Saha
CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming, Fall 2016
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
United International University

United International University

CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Course Teacher
Sanjay Saha
Lecturer, Department of CSE
United International University
Room Number: 4609
Email: sanjay@cse.uiu.ac.bd
Contact No. 01712758358
B. Sc. in CSE, DU (2014)
Continuing M.Sc. in CSE, DU (2016)
Area of Interests
Data Mining
Vehicular Networks
Web Application Development
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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Class Information
Course Website:
https:
//sites.google.com/a/cse.uiu.ac.bd/sanjay/courses/oop
Schedule
Monday, Wednesday, 9:55AM-11:15PM and 12:45PM-2:00PM
Grading
Assignment+Class Performance - 10%
Class Test - 20 % (best 2)
Mid Exam - 30%
Final Exam - 40%
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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Books

Text Book
Java: The Complete Reference, 9th Edition, Herbert Schildt
References
1 Java: How to Program, 9th Edition, Deitel and Deitel
2

Effective Java, Josua Bloch, Second Edition

Head First Java, Second Edition, Kathy and Bates

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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Java: Where it came from?

Fortran, Cobol, Pascal, Ada, Basic, C, C++, Objective C, Visual

Basic, Python, Ruby, Java!
The language was initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood
outside Goslings office. Later the project went by the name Green
and was finally renamed Java, from Java coffee.
There are 9 million Java developers worldwide, 3 billion mobile
phones run Java, 100 percent of Blu-ray disc players ship with
Java, 97 percent of enterprise desktops run Java.
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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

What is Java?

A simple, object-oriented, distributed, interpreted, robust, secure,

architecture neutral, portable, high-performance, multithreaded,
and dynamic language!
Object-Oriented
Pure OOP!
No free functions.
All code belong to some class.
Syntax derived from C.
Object Oriented features are influenced by C++.

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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Java - The Most Popular

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CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Java tumi kar?

United International University

CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming

Java Editions

Java Standard Edition - used for developing desktop

applications and networking applications

Java Enterprise Edition - used for developing large scale,

distributed networking applications and web-based applications

Java Micro Edition - used for developing applications for

resource-constrained embedded devices

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How Java Works

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Java Development Environment

JDK
Use latest JDK (JDK 8 from Oracle or OpenJDK)
$ javac Welcome.java - Compiles a java file and produces
Welcom.class (byte code)
$ java Welcome - It runs java byte code on native machine
1
2
3

Class Loader
Verifier
JVM

Java IDE
1 IntelliJ IDEA
2

Eclipse

Netbeans

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The First Program - Guess the Output

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Source Code Naming Conventions

1

All java source code files must end in .java

Each .java file can contain only one public class

The name of the file should be exactly same as the public

class with extension .java

Java is case sensitive

Do not use abbreviations in the name of the class

If the class name contains multiple words then capitalize the

first letter of each word ex. HelloWorld.java

Its a good practice to write one class per file

Name of the main class should match the name of the file
that holds the program

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Java Comments

Three type of comments

1

/* standard c coments work*/

// C++ style comments

/** Java doc comments

*/

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A Closer Look
public static void main(String args[])
main - the starting point for any java program
public - to make this method accessible to all
static - to call this method instantiation is not needed. JVM
calls Classname.main
void - the main method does not return anything
String args[] - An array of string objects that holds the
command line arguments passed to the application

System.out.print()
Used to print a text
System - is a class in Java API (Application Program
Interface)
out - represents the standard output, static member of
System, part of API

System.out.println()
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Escape Sequences

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Another Program!

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A Closer Look

import java.util.Scanner;
Java class library, or the Java Application Programming
Interface (Java API)
import declaration that helps the compiler locate a class thats
used in this program

Scanner myScanner=new Scanner(System.in);

A Scanner enables a program to read data
The standard input object, System.in, enables applications to
read bytes of data typed by the user.
The Scanner translates these bytes into types (like int )

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Java Tips

Capitalize Class names

Always add comments to your code
Always close the brackets immediately you start them
Add a comment at all the ending brackets
Use proper indentation in your code
For errors check the line number and lines before it
All import declarations must appear before the first class
declaration in the file.

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Declaration and Naming

Declare each variable in its own declaration.
Naming Convention
Classes: Nouns, in mixed case with the first letter of each
internal word capitalized. Example: CamelCase, HelloWorld.
Variables: Mixed case with a lowercase first letter. Internal
words start with capital letters. Variable names should not
start with underscore or dollar sign $ characters, even
though both are allowed. Example: myInteger, yourHome.
Methods/Functions: Methods should be verbs (similar to
variables). Example: getSize(), setSize().
Constants: Constants should be all uppercase with words
separated by underscores ( ). Example: MAX SIZE
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html
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Data Types
8 primitive types / 4 groups
1

Boolean: boolean to represent true/false values.

Characters: char to represent symbols in character set and

digits.

Integers: byte, short, int and long to represent

whole-valued signed numbers. There are no unsigned integers
in Java (differ with C).

Floating Point Numbers: float and double to represent

fractional numbers.

All data types have a strictly defined range, do not depend on

execution environment (unlike C).
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Integers and Floats

byte: Useful when working with raw binary data.

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Characters
Java char is 16 bit and stores in unicode format.

integer literals: binary (0b10101), octal (074545), hexa (0x3434)

underscore is allowed (int x = 123 323 232 34343L;) JDK 7
http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0980.pdf
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Operators: Arithmetic

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Operators: Bitwise

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Operators: Relational

C style
int flag=0;
if(flag)
{
\\ do something
}
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Java style
int flag=0;
if(flag != 0)
{
\\ do something
}

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Operators: Logical

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Operators: Precedence

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Scope of Variables

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Casting

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Reading

Java: How to Program Chapter 2

Java: The Complete Reference Chapter 1,2,3
Resources
http://cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca/java visualize/
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/
https://thenewboston.com/videos.php?cat=31

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Thats it!

Thank you

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