Camera Basic

Shot Composition
August 19th
( world Photograpy day)
CHRISTEL HOUSE INDIA Bangalore

Dhanaraj Keezhara
(HOD Art & Visual Media . Christel House India, Bangalore)

What is camera

So what is a camera anyway?

Your camera is a tool.
No different than a wood carver's chisels. The chisels do
not make finely crafted artwork, the wood carver does.
It is the same way with your camera.
The camera does not make the photograph, you do.
Never allow yourself to feel like the camera is in
control.
The camera is your tool and you must use it as a tool.

Tool - an extension of the

photographer's

eye and mind

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Your mind is like a live camera that is constantly

taking pictures of every single moment that
comes onto you... So be a good photographer!

Photography as Art

Camera Basic

Today photography is widely recognized as a fine art. Photographs are

displayed in art museums, prized by collectors, discussed by critics, and
studied in art history courses. Because of the special nature of
photography, however, this was not always the case. In the early days of
photography some people considered the medium something of a poor
relation to the older, established visual arts, such as drawing and
painting.

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What WE need

QUALITY IMAGE
STUDENTS / YOUTH USERS FRIENDLY
NEED COMMUNICATION
Camera Club activates

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To capture the best images of Fall it is important to

understand the most common shooting modes on
your digital camera, while using the vivid colour
option.

Automatic: The most common mode of shooting for most digital

camera owners. It will give you the best results in most shooting
conditions. This mode tells your camera to determine the best settings to
capture the best shot.
Portrait Mode: In portrait mode the camera will automatically select a
larger aperture (a smaller #). This will create a background that is out of
focus and works best when there is a single subject to focus on.
Macro Mode: In macro mode the image is recorded as the same or
larger than the actual size of the subject.
Landscape Mode: Landscape mode is the opposite of portrait mode. It
sets the camera up with a small aperture or larger # ensuring that
everything is in focus.
Sports Mode: This mode is best for capturing

Video Mode: This mode is for video.

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Focus
The adjustment to place the sharpest focus
where it is desired on the subject.

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Aperture

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Adjustment of the lens opening, measured as

f-number, which controls the amount of
light passing through the lens. Aperture also
has an effect on depth of field and
diffraction the higher the f-number, the
smaller the opening, the less light, the
greater the depth of field, and the more the
diffraction blur. The focal length divided by
the f-number gives the effective aperture
diameter.

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Aperture

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Shutter speed
Adjustment of the speed (often expressed either as
fractions of seconds or as an angle, with
mechanical shutters) of the shutter to control the
amount of time during which the imaging
medium is exposed to light for each exposure.
Shutter speed may be used to control the amount
of light striking the image plane; 'faster' shutter
speeds (that is, those of shorter duration)
decrease both the amount of light and the
amount of image blurring from motion of the
subject and/or camera.

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Aperture Priority | Shutter Speed 1/25 |

Aperture Value 8 | ISO Speed 50

Aperture Priority | Shutter Speed 1/1000 |

Aperture Value 3.2 | ISO Speed 50

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A pinwheel photographed at three different shutter speed

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Sparklers moved in a circular motion with an exposure

time of 4 seconds. This is an example of Light Painting

ISO
What is ISO?
ISO is short for International Organizational Standard. In the
photographic world, ISO is most commonly referred to as a
film rating system. Think film photography, not the
movies In terms of film, ISO is used as a rating system to
tell you how sensitive the film is to light, or how fast the film
is. The lower the ISO number (ie 50) the more time the film
needs to be exposed. The faster the ISO film speed, less
light is required to take a picture.

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Digital Photography ISO measures the sensitivity of the
image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography
the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and
the finer the grain. Higher ISO settings are generally used in darker
situations to get faster shutter speeds (for example an indoor
sports event when you want to freeze the action in lower light)
one on the left is taken at 100 ISO and the one of the right at 3200 ISO

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White balance
On digital cameras, electronic compensation for the color
temperature associated with a given set of lighting conditions,
ensuring that white light is registered as such on the imaging chip
and therefore that the colors in the frame will appear natural. On
mechanical, film-based cameras, this function is served by the
operator's choice of film stock or with color correction filters. In
addition to using white balance to register natural coloration of
the image, photographers may employ white balance to aesthetic
end, for example white balancing to a blue object in order to
obtain a warm color temperature.

Adjusting White Balance

Different digital cameras have different ways of adjusting
white balance so ultimately youll need to get out your
cameras manual out to work out the specifics of how to
make changes. Having said this many digital cameras
have automatic and semi-automatic modes to help you
make the adjustments.

Wrong image and Nice image

Right or Wrong
Good or Bad
Like or Not Like

Shot Composition

All great pictures have one thing in

common - they are well composed.
Composition also called framing is
fun to talk about, because there is no right
or wrong. The only rule is that there are no
rules. But there are a few tips to help you
take better pictures:

Photo Composition

Image Editing

Photo Composition Rules

What is a photograph? It is a story. What is a story?
It is a series of sentences connected to each
other. The same is true about photography. To
create a photograph, it is not enough just to take
an image of something. The first impression from
a photograph is determined by the composition
balance of an image.
To increase the expressiveness of your digital
pictures, apply the picture composition rules
while taking the photos or modeling their edges.

Pay attention to framing. Nothing ruins a photo faster than

distracting elements in the background. Dont get so focused on
the photos subject that you ignore what else is going on around
them. Watch out for poles, trees and power lines, and look all
the way around the edges of the frame, asking Is this what I
really want?

Rule of Thirds

Shot Composition

The Rule of Thirds is based on the fact that the human eye is naturally
drawn to a point about two-thirds up a page. Crop your photo so
that the main subjects are located around one of the intersection
points rather than in the center of the image:

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Learn the Rule of Thirds. The human eye has its visual
center and this is the place that it is naturally drawn to.
Imagine the viewfinder is divided into thirds, both
horizontally and vertically. This grid creates four points
where the lines cross. For the greatest impact, place the
subject . where the lines intersect, instead of in the
center of the frame.

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Every photo has a foreground and a background. How you want

people to look at your picture tells you what to do with the
foreground and background. To blur the background, zoom in
close and choose a large aperture setting (like F2.8). This works
really well for pictures of a person.

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blur the background

To
, zoom in close and choose a large
aperture setting (like F2.8). This works really well for pictures of a
person.

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Establishing Shot or Extreme Long Shot (ES)

Used to establish a setting or sense of place. Shot is captured
very far away from the subject.

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Long Shot (LS)

Captures all of the subject, this shot generally establishes the size
of the subject relative to place (for example a person from head to
toe).

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Medium Shot (MS)

This shot captures half of the subject, generally seen from waist to
head for a person.

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Change your line of sight. Try kneeling, or even putting the camera on
the ground. Or climb a flight of stairs so youre higher than the subject
youre photographing. Digital cameras with twist and tilt LCD screens
make it even easier. Changing angles provides a new way of seeing
things, and makes for a more dramatic picture.

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Close-up Shot (CU)

This shot focuses in closely on the subject. Used most
frequently with people during interviews.

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Extreme Close-Up Shot (ECU)
Goes in even closer to the subject than the Close-Up Shot and is
used to focus on details or to make a more interesting shot.

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Try getting in close. Look for texture, in the wrinkles of a

face or the bark of a tree. Pay attention to details.

Extreme Close-Up Shot

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Extreme Close-Up Shot

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Birds Eye View

Shooting the subject from way above.

Birds Eye View

Shooting the subject from way above.

Shot Composition

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High Angle
A shot that is just above the subject looking down, but not nearly as
high as Birds Eye View. This shot can make the subject look or seem
smaller and inferior.

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Low Angle
A shot that is just below the subject, looking up at them. This shot is used to
make subjects look larger and more powerful, for example the President is
usually shot from a low angle.

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Canted Angle
A shot that it is tilted. Generally used to create the feeling of
imbalance.

Shot Composition

Image Editing
Image editing encompasses the processes of
altering images, whether they be digital photographs,
traditional analog photographs, or illustrations.
Traditional analog image editing is known as photo
retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to modify
photographs, or editing illustrations with any
traditional art medium. Graphic software programs,
which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics
editors, raster graphics editors, and 3d modelers, are the
primary tools with which a user may manipulate,
enhance, and transform images. Many image editing
programs are also used to render or create computer
art from scratch .

Image editing software has become

ubiquitous in this digital age.
Whether youre creating a web
interface or simply cropping and
enhancing your project photos
youll need your favorite image
editor to do it.

Image Editing

Original Photo

Cropped Photo

Cropping brings a photo to life. If you edit photos on the computer,

you are no longer limited to the standard 4 x 6, 5 x 7 or 8 x 10 print
sizes. Look at each photo and think about what you really want
people to see. Then crop everything else away. Try some unusual
shapes, like panoramas or narrow verticals.

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Black and white

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black and white

mono color

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more color

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Nguyen Ngoc Loan executes Viet Cong Captain Nguyen Van Lem: February 1,
1968. This Associated Press photograph, "General Nguyen Ngoc Loan
executing a Viet Cong prisoner in Saigon," won a 1969 Pulitzer prize for its
photographer Eddie Adams. Film also exists of this event, but owing to the
more graphic nature of the film, the photograph is more widely known.

The photo is part of The Washington Posts Pulitzer Prize-winning entry

(2000) showing how a Kosovar refugee Agim Shala, 2, is passed through a
barbed wire fence into the hands of grandparents at a camp run by United
Arab Emirates in Kukes, Albania. The members of the Shala family were
reunited here after fleeing the conflict in Kosovo.

The photo is the Pulitzer Prize winning photo taken in 1994 during the
Sudan Famine.
The picture depicts stricken child crawling towards an United Nations food
camp, located a kilometer away.
The vulture is waiting for the child to die so that it can eat him. This picture
shocked the whole world. No one knows what happened to the child, including
the photographer Kevin Carter who
left the place as soon as the photograph was taken.
Three months later he committed suicide due to depression.

According to the internet media,its all about the latest news and
updates,Worlds Most Famous Photos,And of course the afghan girl, picture
shot by National Geographic photographer Steve McCurry. Sharbat Gula
was one of the students in an informal school within the refugee camp;
McCurry, rarely given the opportunity to photograph Afghan women, seized
the opportunity and captured her image. She was approximately 12 years old
at the time. She made it on the cover of National Geographic next year, and
her identity was discovered in 1992.

Focussed: A battery of photojournalists aiming at the sky during

the Aero India show in Bangalore

Margaret Bourke-White was born in New York City and worked as a

freelance news photographer for Life magazine for most of her career.
She amassed a deeply moving portfolio documenting the wars and
revolutions of the 20th century. Her most famous work for Life
includes this selection from a photo essay on Mahatma Gandhi, the
pacifist leader of Indias campaign for independence in the 1940s.

Pablo Bartholomew is an
acclaimed Indian
photojournalist who
captured the Bhopal Gas
Tragedy into his lens

REUTERS/Arko Datta
A woman tries to control her umbrella along a stormy seafront in Mumbai, India.