SECTION 2.

20
TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The engine exhaust system consists of the following
component parts:

which limits the air intake boost pressure to an acceptable range.

Turbocharger(s)
Turbocharger wastegate (if equipped)
TURBOCHARGERS
A turbocharger is mounted on each right and left bank
exhaust manifold. These turbochargers will deliver
more combustion air to the engine than is available
from the pressure of the normal atmosphere (natural
aspiration). The increased air supply allows the engine
to burn fuel more efficiently (see Figure 2.20-1).
WASTEGATE
ACTUATOR

Figure 2.20-2 F18/H24 Wastegate

The L36/P48 turbocharger wastegate is mounted in the

vee of the engine at the outlet of the exhaust manifolds
(see Figure 2.20-3). The wastegate limits the load and
the turbocharger speed. It consists of a wastegate
housing, spring and a valve with a separate actuator
with a diaphragm and spring (see Figure 2.20-4). At a
predetermined point, intercooler pressure counteracts
the tension of the actuator spring. The valve opens to
bypass a portion of the engine exhaust pressure
around the turbocharger which limits the air intake
boost pressure within an acceptable range.
Figure 2.20-1 VGF Turbocharger

TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE (IF EQUIPPED)

The F18/H24 turbocharger wastegate is mounted on
the exhaust manifold in front of the turbocharger (see
Figure 2.20-2). The wastegate limits the load and the
turbocharger speed. It consists of a sealed housing
containing a spring, diaphragm and a valve. At a predetermined setpoint, intake manifold pressure counteracts the tension of the spring. The valve opens to
bypass a portion of the engine exhaust pressure
around the turbocharger and into the exhaust outlet,

FORM 6284 Third Edition

2.20-1

TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

WASTEGATE

1. Run the prelube system for a full 5 minutes before

each engine start to ensure that all moving parts are
properly lubricated. Refer to Section 4.30 Lubrication
System Maintenance for the Prelube System specifications.
DO NOT operate the
engine under load until
the jacket water temperature is 37 C (100 F). Disregarding this information could result in product
damage and/or personal injury.

CAUTION

2. Run the engine at idle speed for 5 minutes before

shutdown.
Figure 2.20-3 L36/P48 Wastegate

ACTUATOR

The postlube function

should be automatically initiated upon the main gas shutdown to
avoid turbocharger damage.

CAUTION

3. Postlube the engine for a full 5 minutes after every

shutdown, if equipped, to remove heat from the turbochargers to reduce damage from oil coking on the
turbocharger bearings.
TURBOCHARGER LUBRICATION
Prior to any operation
of a new or rebuilt turbocharger and initial startup of a new engine, a
check should be made that the turbocharger is
receiving proper lubrication. Disregarding this
information could result in product damage and/or
personal injury.

CAUTION

Figure 2.20-4 L36/P48 Wastegate Actuator

TURBOCHARGER OPERATION
The engine exhaust gas enters the turbine housing
and expands while passing through the turbine wheel,
causing the turbine to rotate. This drives the centrifugal compressor that is mounted on the same shaft. Filtered air enters the spinning compressor wheel in the
compressor housing. The air is compressed and is
delivered to the engine cylinders through the intake
manifold.

NOTE: Remove the oil drain tube from the turbocharger.

Check for oil flow at the turbocharger oil drain area by
running the automatic prelube system (if equipped).
When the turbocharger is filled with oil, secure the oil
drain tube. When the turbocharger is receiving proper
lubrication, the engine may be started and run at reduced
speeds until coolant temperature gauge on panel
indicates 37 C (100 F).
TURBOCHARGER INSPECTION

Do not operate the

engine if leaks exist in
the ducting, or if the air cleaner is not filtering efficiently. Dust leaking into the air ducting can damage the turbochargers.

Inspection and repair

of turbocharger must
be performed by a factory qualified service technician. Disregarding this information could result in
product damage and/or personal injury.

NOTE: With standby engines, set the timer so that the

automatic prelube system runs for a full 5 minutes
every hour that the engine is not running.

1. Inspect the mounting and connections of turbocharger for tightness, lubricant leakage, or air leakage.

CAUTION

2.20-2

CAUTION

2. Inspect all air ducting and connections for leaks.

Inspect the ducts when the engine is shut down as
well as running. Check the exhaust manifold connections to the turbine inlet and at the engine exhaust
manifold gasket.
FORM 6284 Third Edition

TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

3. Inspect and service the engine air cleaner as
required.
4. Check the engine under load conditions.
5. Check the turbochargers for unusual vibrations or
noise while operating at rated load. If excessive vibration is evident, shut down the engine and contact your
local Waukesha Engine Distributor.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE TIPS
1. Pre-lube new or stored turbochargers before starting the engine.
2. Be sure that the oil in the engine is clean and oil filters are well maintained.
DO NOT operate the
engine under load until
the jacket water temperature is 37 C (100 F). Disregarding this information could result in product
damage and/or personal injury.

CAUTION

3. Idle the engine for five minutes to allow the turbochargers to cool down before shutdown.
Operate engine at rated output and listen for sounds of
metallic contact from the turbocharger. If any such
noise is apparent, shut down immediately and contact
your local Waukesha Engine Distributor.

FORM 6284 Third Edition

2.20-3