ay Canadit Funds-in-Trust FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FOR FISHERY PURPOSES EASTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) edited by \W. Fischer end G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott Marine Resources Service Huntsman Matine Laboratory Fishery Resources and Environment Division Brandy Cove, St. Andrews, NB FAO Fisheries Department, Rome Canada Italy ‘This publication has been prepared and printed as an Integral part of the FAO/Canada Government Cooperative Programme (Project GCP/INT/180/CAN) with the direct support of the Canadian Intemational Development Agency (CIDA) ‘and the Scientific Information and Publications Branch of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada VOLUME vi CONTENTS: Shrimps and Prawns ‘True Crabs ‘Stomatopods Bivalves Gastropods Cephalopods Sea Turtles Published by arrangement with the FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS by the DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS, CANADA Ottawa, 1981For biblographic purpowes this document should Fischer Wa, CG. Bianchi and W.8. Seatt (eds), 1981" FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic; fishing areas 34, 47 Gn part). Canada’ Funds-in- Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food ‘and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, vols- 1-7ipag.var. Identification sheets. Taxonomy. Geographic distribution. Fisheries. Vernacular names. Bony fishes. Chimseras. Sharks. Batoid fishes. Lobsters. Shrimps. True crabs. Stomatopods. Molluscs. Sea turtles. ASWSHRIMPS & PRAWNSTECHNICAL TERMS AND PRINCIPAL MEASUREMENTS USED eo eee SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) z NICAL TERMS ‘antennal flagellum Jongitudinal suture transverse suture 1L to 6 abdominal ‘segments. angus antennal scale antemal ie dorsolateral groove dorsal keel pterygostomian spine third telson maxilipes {] \ ereiopods rostral teeth epigastric tooth "°° postorbital spine ‘antennal crest corbito-antennal groove dacty! aS eee brandhio-cardiac ‘groove carapace, lateral view cox | evict AYES eurobronen ee | partion L ventral } (tip) podobrench IC article 1\ ‘second article pereiopod with branchiae ‘orbital margin ‘gastrofrontal crest gastrofrontal groove coe eee \ f [peers fpemer |f \J mem |] yy spines opines Fixed movable {| eats | eel iret article | types of spined telsons-2- FAO Sheets SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS Fishing Aroas 34, 47 (in part) GENERAL REMARKS ‘The shrimps constitute a large group of crustaceans varying in size from a few mm to about 35 em long. Although nearly 2 500 species are known, only slightly less than 300 are of economic interest, and of these about 100 comprise most of the annual world shrimp catches (about 1 450 000 tons, 1978). The body of the shrimps is ‘almost always laterally compressed, the rostrum usually compressed and toothed, and the abdomen long, longer than the carapace of head, The antonnules, or first pair of feolers In most spectes bear a small scale or spine, the stylocerite, at their bases, and the entennal scales (scaphacerites) of the second pair of feelers, or antennae, are generally large and platelike. The perelopods or legs are usually slender, but in some species, a single leg or pair of legs may be stout and some pereiopods end in pincers. The pleopods or abdominal appendages used for swimming, ‘are well developed and, except in a few species, present on all five anterior abdominal segments. Shrimps ere widely distributed, eceurring in marine, brackish, end freshwaters from the equator to the polar regione. Although the majority of the marine species occupy shallow or moderately deep water, some are found at depthe of nearly 5 700 ms however, most of the commercial shrimps are taken on the continental shelves at depths less than 100 m. In the entire Eastern Atlantic, only five deepwater shrimps are exploited commercially and taken by trawlers at depths ranging from 250 to 800 m. Many shrimps are pelagic but the majority by far are benthic, living one large variety of bottoms such as rock, mud, peat, sand, fragments of shells or mixtures of these ‘materials. In addition, eome species frequent coral reefs, and a few live in sponges and other invertebrates. In most shrimps, the sexes are separate but certain species, such as Pandalus borealis, commonly first undergo a male phase and later are transformed into females. The paired reproductive organs are situated on each side and just below the heart: in the females the ovaries (which may extend posteriorly along the entire length of the abdomen) are connected by oviduets to openings on the basal article of the third pair of pereiopods. In the male, the spermiduets lead from the testes to terminal ampoules which open on, or adjacent to, the besal article (Coxa) of the last palr of pereiopods. In some penaeidean shrimps the females possess sperm receptacles on the ventral side of the last thoracic segment (between the last pairs of perelopads), where the males deposit the sacs carrying the sperm (spermato- phores), whereas in others the females exhibit protuberances and grooves for the attachment of such sacs. Either ‘genital modification is called the thelycum, and there the sperm remains until the eggs are released. In the males of Penaeidae there is © petasma formed by the longitudinally folded endopods of the first pair of pleopods. Most male shrimps bear an sppendix masculina, a lappet bame on the endopad of the second pair of pleopods, the presence ar absence of which constitutes a ready means for distinguishing males from females. In many shrimps an appendix interna (slender red or blade) occurs adjacent to the appendix masculina; among caridesns such @ structure is also present on the third,fourth and fifth pairs of pleopods of both sexes. distomedian left walking A/F Briton leg of fourth pair \ eae ponutinats V\ a Ol ee costa (sternite eft walking 1 | xii) 2 0 ‘|| . ZL fifth pair i WT] asian | last ALY a z f; i> lateral lobe termite | / xiv) { / ‘. / lateral plates petasma (joined endopods of abdomen first pair of pleopods) thelycum of a female of a male penaeid shrimp ‘penaid shrimp : lateral view ventral viewace FAO Sheets SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) various types of appendices masculinae ‘on endopods of second pair of pleopads In the stenopodidean end caridean shrimps the femele carries the eggs after extrusion, masses of them being fastened to the pleopods where they remain until they hatch at a relatively advanced larval stage or as juveniles. In contrast, in the penaeideans the eggs are not retained by the female, but released directly into the water, and the larvae undergo an extensive metamorphosis, the first part of a complex life cycle, which may require both ‘eceanic and brackish waters. For example, the members of the genus Penaeus, the most valuable commercial shrimps, spawn offshore at depths of about 10 to 80 m. Eggs hatch within & few hours, releasing very small, simple larvae, the neuplii, the first of usually 11 larval stages, which include 5 nauplii, 3 protozoeae and 3 mysi = & “‘ a _ 3 protozoea naupilus s 4oes Life-cycle of shrimps of the genus Penaeus-4- FAO Sheets SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) ‘The larvae are planktonic end carried by currents toward the shore where they errive as postlarvae; this occurs about 3 wesks after hatching when the animals are about 6 to 14 mm long and shrimplike in appearance. | The pestlervas invede inshore, brackish waters, abandon their planktonic way of life and become bottom dwellers living fn shallow littoral areas. In these rich nursery grounds they grow rapidly, develop into juveniles, and as size Increases, move gradually back toward the mauthe of bays or estuaries, where they become subadults. Soon the shrimps migrate offshore, continue growing, and finally, as adults, reach the spawning grounds, where the mature fomalee spawn and the cycle is Tepeated; most shrimps in these grounds are less than a year old. However, the life cycle is mare complex in some caridean freshwater shrimps: the mature females migrate toward the sea (or to rouths of estuaries) where they release the larvae which then migrate back to the rivers. Penaeidean shrimps are Very prolific; for example, a single female of Penaous sotiferus, may produce as many as 500 000 eggs. Carideans, in contrast, produce 2 much smaller number = correlated with the fact that the females carry their eggs until hatching. Most of the commercial species in the Eastern Central Atlantic belong to 4 penasidean families: Solenoceridae, Aristeldae, Penasidae and Sleyoniidee, and 6 caridean ones: Nematocarcinidae, Pasiphaeidae, Palaemonidae, Hippolytidee, Pandalidse and Crangonidae. The penaeideans are exploited mainly in tropical and subtropical waters, and the cerideans in warm as well as temperate seas. The shrimp catch reported from (the enlarged) Fishing Area 34 in 1977 totalled about 28 000 tons (heads-on). LIST OF FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those families for which Identification sheets are included PENAEIDEA Soleroceridee SOLENO Aristeidae ARIST Penaeidae PEN Sicyoniidae SICYON Sergestidae STENOPODIDEA Stenopodidae CARIDEA Oplophoroidse: Nematocarcinidae NEMAT Stylodactylidae Pasiphaeidae Past Bresiliidee Disciadidae Eugonstonotidee Rhynchocinetidae Campylonotidae Palaemonidae PALAEM Gnathophyllidae Psalidopodidae ‘Alpheidae Ogyrididae Hippolytidae HIPPOL, Proceseidae Pandalidee PANDL Physetocarididae Glyphocranganidae Crangenidas RANG Adapted from L Pérez-Farfante, in Fischer, (ed.): FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes, W.c-Atlantio, Fishing Area 31, 1978, by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine d'Endoume, C.RE.O. La Rachelle, France Draft material reviewed by A. Crosnier, O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, France and L.8. Holthuis, Rijksmuseum Van Natuurlijke Histarie, Leiden, The NetherlandsARIST 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 3 87 (in part) (Ec. Atlantic) ARISTEIDAE Aristeld shrimps Rostrum either short or long and needle-like. Eyestalke always with a tubercle at the middle of their inner margins or necr base of cores. Carapace without pastersital opines cervical yrooves long, extending almost ta ing tn males) an appara masculina sala dorsal ‘of carapace. Endopads of second pair of ple id Rppendix interna, But no Tateral profections Two well developed arthrobranchs on penultimate thoracic segment: felson with movable spines The species in this family usually inhabit deep waters. Some of them are actively fished because of their lange size and high commercial value.ale FAO Sheets ARISTEIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 37 (in part) SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Smee aed Solenoceridae: postorbital spines present on carapace; endopode of second pair of pleopods (in males) with an appendix masculina, an appendix interna and a lateral projection; telson with a fixed spine on each side of tip. Penaeidae: eyestalis without tubercles on ver narpnorcericclgooeeaorcandngwel (2). strat SELEY ike oP apa cepa ot. 2? pectin second pair of pleopods (in males) with an oe: Sppendix masculing onlyy a single, well developed = whetgrarchentoos of ponneke erase toy, Slenacerdae -«~Penaedoe =r totedne ment (concealed under the carapace). tendopad of second pleopod in male Sleyonlidse: body thick, stony in appea- rance, integument. calcified ' cervical grooves, falnt or absent; abdomen with deep grooves and humerous tubercles; third and fourth pairs of pleopads single-brancheds endopods of second pelr of pleopods (in males) with an appendix masculine only; @ single, well developed arthro- branch on penultimate thoracic segment. Sleyontidae Caridean shrimps: pleura of second abdo- minal segment overlapping those of first and third segments; no pincers on third pair of peretopods. Penaeidea abdomen KEY TO GENERA OCCURRING IN THE AREA: 1a. Upper antennular flagtum long 2a, At lest the fifth and the sixth abdominal segments keeled dorsally 3 a, Dactyls of fourth and fifth pairs of pereiopads normal of pereiopeds very tong and 3b, Dactyle of fourth and fifth rmultiartieulated 2b. Only the sixth abdominal segment keeled dorsallyBHO FAO Sheets ARISTEIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) 4a. Podobranchs present on third pair of maxillipeds and on three anterior pairs of pereiopods; telson with more then one pair of mobile spines 4b. No podobranchs on third pair of maxillipeds ar on perelopodss telson with & single pair af mobile spines 1b. Upper antennular flagellum short 5a. Hepatic spine present sme 5b. Hepatic spine absent 6 a No epipads on fourth pair of perelopads; keels on carapace faint ees 6b. Epipods present on fourth pair of perelopadss keels on carapace Very conspicuous LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets are included Aristaeomorphe foliacea (Risso, 1827) ARIST Aris 1 Aristous antennatus (Risso, 1816) ARIST Arist 1 ‘Aiatous varigens Folthuie, 1952 ARIST Arist & Bentheogennerne (Bate, 1988) Benthesicymus bartletti Smith, 1882 Banthesicyius brasiloneis Bate, 186) Benthesieymus hjorti Sund, 1920 Bonehesieymmus Iidescens Bate, 1891 Bontheneotes filipes Smith, 1885 mnadas bouvieri Kemp, 1909 Gemnadas brevirostris Bouvier, 1905 ‘Gennades elegans (Smith, 1882) Gannadae soutatus Bouvier, 1906 ‘Gonnadas talisman! Bouvier, 1906 ‘Gennadas Finayrei Bouvier, 1906 ‘Gennedas Valens TSmith, 1884) Plesiopenaeus armatus (Bate, 1881) Plestopenseus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867) ARIST Plesio 1 Prepared by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine d'Endoume, C-RLE.O., La Rochelle France.. lustrations prepared by Messrs; Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologie du Muséum des Sciences Neturelles, Paris) and Ople (ORST.OM, Paris) Draft toxt and illustrations revised by A. Crosnior (Paris, France) and L.8. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands)ARIST Aris 1 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: ARISTEIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 87 (in part) (Ec. Atlantic) ‘Aristacomorpha follacea (Rissa, 1827) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None female VERNACULAR NAMES : FAO: En - Giant red shrimp Fr - Gambon rouge Sp - Gamba espofiola NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum either Jong and bent upward, its doreal margin beering 5 or 6 rathor stout teeth alot ts base, and some small denticin extending elost to Up emales Ra young alod), ar aes shorter ond Booting only the 5 or € basal testh (adult males). Grooves and crests on carapace rather well developed, particularly the dorsal keel (postrostral crest), the antennal crest and the branchiocardiac grooves antennal and hepatic spines present. Abdomen slightly keeled along the dorsal nts of third segrnen, the Keel Becoming strongly Seveloped on tho following > rostrum of male segments (4 to 6); on all of the above 4 abdaminal segments the keel ends posteriorly in a sharp palm. Colour: wine red with darker violet reflections on upper side of earapacDISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: ‘Aristous antennatus: rostrum with only 3 teeth at base (5 or 6 in A, foligcea); carapace smooth, without hepatic spine. Aristeus varidens: only 3 dorsal teeth at base of rostrum carapace slightly keeled but without hepatic spines hind margin of third abdominal segment without ‘8 sharp points colour necreous white and violet. Plesiopsnseus sdwardsianus: only 3 dorsal teeth at bose oP rosttins -earapaCe strongly ‘Kesled. but without hepatic spine; exopods of second pair of maxillipeds very ong and plumose (feathery); dorsal keel on abdomen starting from the second segment backwards colour bright red. SIZE: Maximum total length 22 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : Found along the coasts of Morocco snd South- western Sahara. Although the nature of the substrate is apparently not @ determining factor of its occurrence, this species Je uaually caught on muddy and sandy bottoms of the continental slope, (beds of Isidella elongata), most feequantly at depths between 400 and EO rhe Te seams to have preference for water around 15.5%. The reproduction period is rether long, with a peak in A camiverous species, feeding mainly on euphausiids and other ecies of crustaceans (mainly Decapoda Natantia). PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS + Trawlable grounds of the continental slope along the coasts of Morocco and Southwestern Sahara. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. The estimated catch in 1977 was about 100 t. Caught only with bottom trawls. Marketed fresh or frozer P. edwardsianus Sor 6 basal spines A, foliacea hepatic spine aeFAQ SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY : ARISTEIDAE (Risso, 1816) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None ARIST Arist 1 1981 FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Atlantic) VERNACULAR NAMES: FAQ: En ~ Blue and red shrimp Fr - Crevette rouge Sp = Gamba rosada NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum with 3 dorsal teeth, short in males, but long, upward-bent and pointed jn females. Carapaée smooth, without_an hepatic spine. Median dorsal _keel_on abdomen rudimentary Or pastatior halt of sagient 5 andi ina anal. dare toothy The Keel Complete and much more Gonsplevous on segments & ta 6, with the posterior tooth strong in segments 4 end 5, and somewhat reduced in segment 6. Exopods of second pair of maxillipeds short, barely reaching the distal tnd of endopad; carpus of fifth pair of pereiopods clearly longer than merus. Colour: nacresus pink profusely interepread with violet on the doreal regione of carapace and around the joints of abdominal segments.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Sor 6 ie Aristaeomor foliacea: more than 5 dorsal basal spines ‘hepatic spine: tooth at bate of rosa epatle spine, prose on carapace; colour uniform red. Aristoug varideng: hind margin of third abdominal segment withaut a sharp median tooth; carapace slightly keeled; carpus of fifth pair of pereiopods slightly shorter than, or equal to, merus; colour nacteous white and Violet. Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus: carapace strongly keoledy-axoport of sactnd palr of maxllipeds elongated and feathery; dorsal keel present from the second ‘abdominal segment backward; colour bright red. Other species of shrimps: upper antennular flagellum long (short in Aristeus) SUE: Maximum total length: 22 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : Within the area, this species occurs from the coast of Morocco to the Cape Verde Islands. Outside the area, it Is present in the Mediterranean, extending ‘northward up to Portugal. Inhabits muddy bottoms on the continental slope, usually at depths between 400 and 800 m, at ternpera- tures of around 138C. ‘Spawning takes place in summer. The food consists of smell benthic invertebrates, mainly ‘crustaceans and polychaetes; also feeds on PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Continentel slope along Morocco and South- western Sahara. Although the species is rather common, It eeeme to be nowhere abundant. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught with bottom trawls; trap fishing has not yielded satisfactory results. Marketed fresh and frozen.ARIST Ariat 4 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY : ARISTEIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. attantic) Aristeu jolthuis, 1952 OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO: En - Striped red shrimp Fr = Gambon rayé Sp = Gamba listada NATIONAL: 0 Sem DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum with 3 dorsal teeth at base; in males it may be either as long as in femsles, or rather short (apparently in older individuals). Carapace slightly keeled but without en hepatic spine. Hind edge of third ‘GRetrinal segment smooth dorsal Catpus of TOs pale of parelopode sIGhtly shorter than, OF equal tn Tengeh to the merut Colour: nacreous white with blotches, violet-blus around abdominal joints and on cephatothorax.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Aristseomorpha follsces: more than 5 doreal tooth Bt base oF rostruny Repiile epine present; colour uniformly red. Aristeus antennatus: hind edge of third abdominal segment with a sharp median dorsal tooth; carapace smooth; carpus of fifth pair of pereiopods clearly longer than the meruss colour nacreous pink and violet. Plesiopenasus edwardstanuer carapace strongly keoledy exopode OF escond alr Gt maxilipede elongate and feathery; doreal keel Initiating from second abdo- ‘minal segment backwards colour bright red. ther species of shrimps: upper antennular flagellum long. num total length: 20 em (females), 12 em GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : Known from Southwestern Sahara (24°N) south- ward to Angola (Cabinda) end Southwestem Africa (aes). Young individuals are found at depths of 300 m and below, while adults occur between 400 and 600 m, on muddy bottoms. Best trawl ylolds are obtained at night, suggesting that the species may dig into the substrate by day. The life span is of about 2 years and reproduction begins at the end of the cold season. Feeds on crustaceans, fishes and polychaote PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Continental slope off Senegal and Angola. This seems to be the most abundant of the deep-water shrimps off tropical West Africa. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught with bottom trawls. Marketed mainly frozen. or Se hepatic spine basal spines = = LARIST Plesio 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY : ARISTEIDAE FISHING AREAS 54, AY (in Berane) Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None VERNACULAR NAMES + FAO: En - Scarlet shrimp Fr = Gambon écarlat Sp = Gamba carabinero NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum elongated and bent upwerd in females but short in adult males, with 3 dorsal teeth at base, the posterior one reduced and located on carapace, the two anterior ones on the convex portion of rostrum. Carapace ‘with numerous conspiouaus ridges, but without en hepatic spine. Abdomen with a longitudinal rudimentary ridge Tanning mid-dsreslly ov the socorel segments and & well-developed ridge ending’beckward in a strang tooth on the four posterior segments. Exopods of secand pair of maxillipeds about twice as long as the endopads, and fringed by 2 double row of lana halt Gate) Which alve Ira charastarlstie feathery appearaneees Colour: bright red, more intense on the carapace and the beck of the abdomen.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA Aristacomorpha foliacea: more than 5 dorsal tooth at baso oF rostsumny hepatic spine. present on carapace; colour uniform red. Aristoug antennatus: carapace smooth; carpus of {fifth pair of perelopods clearly longer than the merus (nat Tonger than merus in P. edwardsignus); colour nacreous pink and violet. Atisteus varidens: hind edge of third abdominal segment without @ median dorsal tooth; carapace only slightly ridged; carpus of fifth palt of perelopods slightly shorter than or ae long as the merus; colour od hacreous white and violet. 2 Other species of shrimps: upper antennular ae, flagella long. ——. SIZE: Maximum total length: 33 em (females), 19 em (males). —— GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : Found throughout the area, from Morocco to Angola. Inhabits muddy bottoms of the continental slope. It Is most frequently, and sometimes abundantly, found ‘at depths between 400 and 900 m, preferring tempera- tures between 5 and B°C. A very active predator of other decapade (Pasiphaea sivado, Plesionika martia, Polycheles LYphlops), fishes, and fo a lesser extent, small crust: ‘ceans and cephalopods. 0 PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Continental slope along the African coast. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: a Separate stetistice for thie species are only reported ty Spain (1.7281 in 1977, but only 58 t in 1978). Caught with bottom trawls. Marketed fresh and frazen.CRANG 198 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (EC. Atlantic) CRANGONIDAE ‘Crangonid shrimps AAs in the other femilies belonging to the Infraorder Carldea, the ploura of the second abdominal segment ‘overlap thase of first and third segments, and the third pair of pereiopode lack pincers. Body depressed. Rostrum, if present, generally short. First pair of perelopods very strong, with incomplete pincers Tacking the fixed finger. ized shrimps, mostly from shallow waters, but some species occurring in depths well beyond SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: ‘The crangonids are easily distinguished from other shrimp families exploited in the area by the distinctive characters underlined above.aro FAG Sheets CRANGONIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets are included (Crangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758) CRANG Crang 1 Metecrengon jacqueti gp. bellmarleyi (Stebbing, 1914) Pontocaris eataphracta (Olivi, 1792) Pontocaris lacazel (Gourret, 1887) Pontophilus aglyptus Crosnier, 1972 Pontophilus Bidens Flithuts, 1951 Pontophilus ehallengeri Ortrmanm, 1893 Pantoghilus guillardl Croonior, 1372 Pantophilus gracilis Smithy 1682 Pontophilus mblzi Filthuls, 1952 Pantophilas gpict Crosriery 1972 Pantaphilusprlonolepe Holthul 1952 Seulptus Bontophllus soulptue (Bell, 1853) Pontophilus epinosus (Leach, 1815) Pontophilus talismani (Crosnier & Forest, 1973) Pontophifa ilesrams (ualstone, 1039) Pontophilus wollff Holthuis, 1951 Sabinea hystrix (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) Prepared by .P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine d'Endoune, C.R.E.O., La Rochelle, France. Illustrations prepared by Messrs. Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologie du Muséum des Sciences Neturelles, Paris) and sed by A. Crosnier (Paris, France) and L.B. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands)RANG Crang 1 1581 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY : CRANGONIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Atiantic) CCrangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Crangon vulgaris Fabricius, 1798 2em VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO: En - Common shrimp Fr ~ Crovette grise Sp = Guisquilia NATIONAL + DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Body depressed (flattened dorsa-ventrally). Viewed from above, the carapace js sub-rectangular bearing 3 spines (2 hepatic and 1 median) located on a transverse line through its anterior fourth; rostrum very short, rather Broad_at Dace, rounded at apox, not extending beyond the eyes which are short and globular; antennal scale (Geaphoverite) with outer margin straight-and ending in @ strong tooth projecting beyond the anterior margin of the ‘scale. Merus in first palr of perelopods bearing @ strong tooth on Its iner margin. Colour: a more or less dark uniform grey, sometimes slightly greenish or yellowish, with dark brown dots.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: ‘The single median spine on the carapace as well as the characteristic shape of the antennal scale eas! distinguish Crangon crangon from other species of Crangonidae occurring in the area. Shrimps belonging to other families exploited within the area have a laterally compressed bédy. SIZE: Maximum total length: 8.9 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR In the area it is found only along the coast of Morocco. Elsewhere, in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and along the Atlantic coast of Europe up to ‘the White Sea. Usually found en fine sand or slightly muddy sand {from the shore to about 50 m depth; within this depth ‘range, the species carries out Important seasonal migra~ tions.” Growth, sexual maturity, epawning and ineub: tion periods are all strongly influenced by temperature ‘and salinity changes and differ considerably from one geographic area to another. The number of eggs per female in each spawn varies from 1 500 to 15 000, The species lives five years at most but reaches commercial size after 2 years. Feeds on small benthic organisms (small crusta- ceans, ennelids and molluscs) as well as on discards from the fishery. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coastal waters near estuaries off Morocco. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION The catch reported for this species in the area totalled 18 280 t in 1978 (Spain only). Caught mainly with bottom trawls. Marketed fresh and cooked/frozen.HIPPOL, 198i FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 34, 67 Gin part) (Ec. atiantic) HIPPOLYTIDAE Cock shrimps ‘As in the other families belonging to the Infraorder Caridea, the pleura of the second abdominal segment overlop those of the first and third segments, and the third pair of perelapads lack pincers. Fi of pereiopade nding in clearly distinct pincers and broader than second pair, but not considerably enlarged carpus of second alr divided into several article This family includes a good number of felrly small marine representatives; only one species from the West African coast is of some interest to fisheries. Pleuron of 2nd abdominal segment ‘overlapping first and third first perefopod with pincers second pereiopod with ‘segmented carpusaie FAO Sheets HIPPOLYTIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Pasiphaeidae: body strongly, compressed rostrum short; perelopods of first. 2 pairs much larger and stronger than those of following pairs. Palaemonidee: first pair of pereiopods with ‘small pincers; second pair much better developed ‘and beering strong pincers, their carpus unseg- mented. Pandalidaet first pair of pereiopods with very small or no pincers; carpus in second pair segmented. is firet 2 pairs of Crangonidae: first pair of perelopads very pereiopads stronger rebust with incomplete pincers lacking the fixed finger; body depressed. Pasiphacidae Penaeidean shrimy pleura of second abdo- minal segment not overlapping those of first seq- ments the 3 first paire of poreiopods ending in pincers. Palaemonidae carpus unsegmented ‘rst pair of pereiopods seein =a (| mito éf Pandalidae-3- FAO Sheets HIPPOLYTIDAE, Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) first pair of pereiopods Caridea Penasides abdomen Crangonidae LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets ere included Bythocaris cosmetops Holthwis, 1952 Eualue lebourae Molthuis, 1951 ‘Egalus gracilipes Crosnier & Forest, 1973 Exhippolysmata hastatoides (Balss, 1914) HIPPOL. Exhip 3 Hippolyemate grabhami Gordon, 1953 olyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775) Hippelvesinevis Leash, 1615 Fibbalyte Teptoverus (Helle, 1863) Hippolyte longirastrie (Czerniavsky, 1868) Hippolyte palliola Keneley, 1970 Latreutes fucorum (Fabricius, 1798) Tatreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 186) LLigur ensiferus (Risso, 1616) Lysmata seticauda (Risso, 1816) Lyamata stenolepls Crosnier & Forest, 1973 Tyamrata urbicornis Holthuis& Maurin, 1952 Merhippolyte ancistrola Crosnier & Forest, 1975 Thoralus cranchil (Leach, 1617) ricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) Trachycari Prepared by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine d'Endoume, C.R.E.0., La Rochelle, France. Illustrations prepared by Messrs. Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologle du Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Paris) and Opie (O.R.S.T.0.Ms, Paris) Draft texts and illustrations revised by A. Crosnier (Paris, France) and L.B. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands)HIPPOL Exhip 3 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY : HIPPOLYTIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Atlantic) Exhigvolyemata hastatoldes (Bales, 1924) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Hippolysmata hastatoldes Holthuis, 1947 VERNACULAR NAMES: FAQ: En - Compantori shrimp Fr — Boue compagnon Sp = Camaréa compatiero NATIONAL + DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS : Rostrum styliform, with a dorsal crest bearing 16 to 20 teeth increasing in size from back to front; the crest is followed by an isolated spine Toeated fat in front Of © small tuberculey ventral margin of rostrum erred with 7 fr 8 teeth; second pair of pereiopods slender, their carpus divided into 13 articles, the following pairs with mobile Sines on the merus and a short dactyl- Telson anding t's pointed tip flared By a movable spine on either side its lateral margins with long hair and Z pairs of movable spines. Colour: whitish.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Nematopalaemon hastatug (Family Palaemonidae): pincers present on the first 2 pairs of pereiopods (only on firt palr in Es Rasiatolces and carpus of second palr uneegmented. Maximum tatal length: about 7 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : West African coast from Sierra Leone to : Angola. Inhabite coastal and estuarine waters, to about 15m depth on sand and mud bottoms. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: J Separate statistics are not reported for this - species, but catches are doubtless very small, the 7 species being only of limited local interest; in Nigeria It is reported to be caught in somewhat. larger quantities (several hundred tone annually) combined with Nematapalaeman hastatus. Caught mainly with beach seines. Marketed fresh and smoked.1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ecc. Atlantic) NEMATOCARCINIDAE Spider shrimps ‘As in the other families belonging to the Infraorder Caridea, the pleura of the second abdominal segment overlap those of first and third segments, and the third pair of perelopods lack pin First two pairs of ereiopods similar, with an unsegmented carpus, and ending in pineerss last three pairs (sometimes also the second) extremely elongate; exopods present on pereiopods 1 to-4, Small- to medium-sized, rather soft shrimps occurring in deeper waters, from the edge of the continental shelf to depths of about 3 000 m.-2- FAO Sheets NEMATOCARCINIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Pasiphaeidae: body strongly compressed first 2 pairs of pereiopods much larger end stronger than those of following pairs. Palaemonidae: first pair of perelopods with mall pincers; second pair much better developed ‘and bearing strong pincers. Hippolytidae: first pair of pereiopods rather robust, ending in well developed pincers; carpus in second pair segmented. Pandalidae: pincers of first pair of pereio- pods very small or absent; carpus in second pair segmented. Crangonidae: first pair of perelopads very robust with incomplete pincere lacking the fixed fingers body depressed. first’Z pairs Penaeidean ehrimps: pleura of second abdo- of perelopods stronger = minal segment. not overlapping those of fir weg- °F PATOPOSE SONGT Pasiohacidae ments the 3 firet pairs of pereiopods ending in pincers. strong pincers in second pair of pereiopodsao FAO Sheets NEMATOCARCINIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) first pair of pereiopods = = c tf AA ceengonidee Caridea, Penacidea abdomen LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets are included Nematocarcinus acanthitelsonig LH. Pequegnat smatocercinus africanus Crosnier & Forest, 1973 ematocarcinus ensifer (Smith, 1882) ‘Nematocarcinus exilis (Bate, 1881) Nematocarcinus gracilipes Filhol, 1884 NEMAT Nemat 1 Prepared by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine q'Endoume, C.R.E.O., La Rochelle, France, Lustratione prepared by Messrs. Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologie du Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Paris) and Opie (0.R.S.T.0.M. Paris) Draft texts and illustrations revised by A. Crosnier (Paris, France) and L.B. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands)NEMAT Nemat 1 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY + NEMATOCARCINIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Atlantic) Nematocarcinus africanus Crosnier & Forest, 1975 OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Nomstocercinus cursor A. Milne Edwards, 1001 senou Holthuis, 1951 VERNACULAR NAMES: —= a 2em FAQ: En - African spider shrimp Fr - Crevette aralonée d'Afrique Sp - Camarén arafia africana NATIONAL + DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Dorsal margin of rostrum straight or slightly conea\ postorbital; ventral margin with one strong tooth, sometimes followe First and second palrs of pareiopods eymmatrical and bearing pincers; 4 last paire extremely long, spider-like; plbods present on the first palre. Lower lobe of pleura of abdominal segiient 5 bearing 8 strona tooth posteriorly, de posterior and lower margins forming & Fght angle. eloon-s ttle langer thar abeortnel seaent & Gearing Usually 2 distal spines and 7 or 8 spinules, one of which is located just behind the bases of distal spines. ‘and srmed with 12 to 18 teeth, 5 or 6 of which are ya second; tip slightly upward-pointing- Colour: pinkish red.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Nematocarcinus exis: tip of rostrum forward-pointing, ts doreal_ margin with more than 20 teeth (12 to 18 in N. africans), ventral margin smooth (toothless); @bdominal segment 3 dloroally with a rounded eievation running toward the fourth segment. LN: gracitipes: at teest anterior fourth of oper margin of rostrum smooth, ventral margin armed with 1 to & teeth; a very faint and rounded porterondorsal elevation on abdominal segment 3. SE: Maximum total length: 10.4 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR + Only West Africa, from Senegal to Angola. A predominantly benthic species inhabiting only muddy bottoms in cold waters (5 to 128C). Its vertical distribution varies with eize, the older Individuals occurring in the deeper part of its range. Caught at depths between 200 and 700 m, but most abundant between 300 and 600 m. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS : Experimentally fished on muddy bottoms of the continental slope. A commercial fishery for this species has not yet started, despite some promising results of experimental fishing opera- tons (J.e. the R.V- OMBANGO obtained yields of 85 kg’h at 400 m depth off Congo and Angola Using a shrimp trawl of 12 m headline). CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught with bottom trawls. Not yet marketed; a rather fragile species that will require some care in handling.PALAEM 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (ELC. Atlantic) PALAEMONIDAE Palaemonid shrimps {As In the other families belonging to the Infraorder Caridea, the ploura of the second abdominal segment overlap those of the first and third segments, and the third pair of pereiopods lack pincers. First pair of pereiopods ending in small pincers; those of second pair more developed, ending in strong, robust pincers, thelr earpus slmple {undivided}. This family includes marine as well as brackish-water and freshwater species. Up to naw, only 2 West Afvican marine species are of sore interest to fisheries first pereiopod with small pincers+2 FAO Sheets PALAEMONIDAE Fishing Areas 3, 47 (in part) SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Nematocarcinidse: pincers of first 2 pairs of perelopods similar, the following pairs notably elongate. Pasiphasidae: body strongly compressed; rostrum short; perelopods of first. 2 pairs much larger and stronger than those of following pairs. Hippolytidae: first pair of pereiopods rather robust, ending in well developed pincers; carpus in second pair of pereiopods segmented. Pond: first_pair of pereiopods with very small ar no pincers; carpus in second pair segmented. Crangonidse: first pair of pereiopods very Pasiphaeidee ~ robust with incomplete pincers lacking the fixed finger; body depressed. Penaeidean shrimps: pleura of second abdo- minal segment not over! ‘ments the first 3 pairs pincers. carpus in second palr of pereiopods Nematocarcinidas5uD FAO Sheets PALAEMONIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in pare) first pair of erelopods very robust Crangonidae Caridea Penaeidea, abdomen LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets are Included Balsa gasti (Balss, 1921) Brachycanpus blunguiculatus (Lucas, 1849) Nematopalaemon hastatus (Aurivillius, 1898) PALAEM Nomat 2 Palaemen elegans Rathke, 1837 Palasmon Iongirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837 Palaemon maculatus (Thallwitz, 1892) Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 1777) PALAEM Palaem 1 Palaemon xiphias Risso, 1816 Palaemonella atlantica Holthuis, 1951 Periclimenes platalea Holthuis, 1951 Perlelimenes scriptus (Risso, 1822) Pontonla flavomaculata Heller, 1864 Pontonia pinnophylex (Otto, 1821) Typton spongicola Costa, 1864 Prepared by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de Ja Station Marine d'Endoume, C.RvE.0., La Rochelle, France. Uluetrations prepared by Messrs. Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologie du Muséum des Sciences Naturetles, Paris) and Opic (O.R.S.T-O-M., Paris) Draft texts end illustrations revised by A. Crosnier (Paris, France) and LB. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands)PALAEM Nemat 2 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: PALAEMONIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. attantic) hastatus (Aurivillius, 1898) Nematopalaemon OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Palaemon (Nematopalzemon) hastatus (Aurivillius, 1898) VERNACULAR NAMES: ——— Lem FAO: En ~ Estuarine prawn Fr ~ Bouquet étier Sp - Camarén estuarino NATIONAL + DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum styliform bearing dorsally ips its ventral margin armed with 5 £6. the tigs Tee Tatgeal hangin With 2 pairs of sal) spines. Colour: whitish. of 7 to 11 teeth on the basal crest, and one isolated tooth near Targe, movable spines, felson with a truncate tip beating teethDISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: ‘The peculiar shape and ornamentation of the rostrum, as well as the conspicuously elongated pereiopods separate this species easily from other palaemonid shrimps occurring in the area. SIZE: ‘Maximum total length: 7.5 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : ‘Along the West African coast it has been reported os rom Senegal to Angola. Found on sandy and muddy bottoms in estuarine as well as coastal marine waters to depths of about 50 m. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Mainly estuarine and coastal waters of Nigeria. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this, speci ‘Caught with seines (up to 500 kg per haul). Sold dried salted and smoked in local markets.PALAEM Palaem 1 98d FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY + PALAEMONIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Attantic) Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 1777) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: — Palasmon treillianus (Risso, 1826), H. Milne Ecwards, 1837 Ceander serratus (Pennant, 1777), Czerniaveky, 1658 VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO: En = Commen prawn Er ~ Bouquet (commun) ‘5p - Camarén comin NATIONAL DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum elongated, often bent upward at tip in adults, the anterlor third of ita upper margin smooth, followed sterorly by 7 to 11 teeth; ventral margin of rostrum with & to € teethy- dorsal anterrular flagellar witha shone nbrenched par (©-arricles, ane 2 unequal whips; the shorter ef which te lout Ewise TReeeaet oT aS eT Dare-and coMposed oF T-aiticles; mendibular polp uauelly of 3 articles; carpus of second pair ot persionda shorter then the merus and the pincer; the propodue/earpus Joint not reaching te-anterier margin oF antesnular Sale Gowen Colour: pale pink, the carapace ornamented with longitudinal or oblique red lines; eyestalks, antennules, pereiopods and telson with red blatches.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Palaemon longirostriss rostrum with usually 8 to 10 dota tooth to Tr TP. serratus)y ventral rostral teeth 3 to 5 (4 to 6 in B. seffatuel; carpus in second pair Of pereiopads equal to, a¢ Tanger than, pincer. P. adspersust rostrum with usually 5 or 6 dorsal teeth Tpurely 7 oF ©), only one of them postorbital (2 postorbital teeth in P. serratus), and 4 (rarely 3 or 5) ventral teeth; carpus in second pair of peretopads longer than merus, but shorter than pincer. P. xiphias: rostrum slender, extending well beyond? tip of antennal scale; branchiostegal spine inserted well behind anterior carapace margin. P. elegans: rostrum with 7 to 10 dorsal spines, 3 of them postorbitel, and 3 ar 4 ventral teeth; carpus in second pair of pereiopods longer than merus, but shorter than pincers furthermore, fingers of this pincer short (one third af total length of pincer). SIE: Maximum total length: 11 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : Jn the area, found from Morocco to Mauritania; northward extending into the Mediterranean and along the coasts of Europe up to Denmark. Inhabits rocky as well as muddy bottoms in shallow waters to depths of about 40 m. It carries out ‘migrations conditioned by temperature variatione of its habitat, Spawning occurs from mid-November to the beginning of summers mast females spawn twice, each spawn comprising 1 500 to 4 500 eggs, this depending on the size of the female. The lifespan of the species is believed to be 5 or 6 yoars. Omnivaraus, feeding on seaweeds and small crus- taceans. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS : Littoral areas along the Moroccan coast. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION Separate statletics are not reported for this species; apparently the annual catch is below 100 t. Caught mainly with traps; also with bottom trawl. Marketed fresh. en in oF x [ee ae OD aPANDL 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (EC. Atlantic) PANDALIDAE, Pandalid shrimps ‘As in the other families belonging to the Infraorder Caridea, the pleura of the second abdominal segment overlap those of first and third segments, and the third palr of perelopods lack pincers. Pincers in first palr of jereiopods very emall or absent, carpus in second pair segmente ‘This family includes a large number of marine species, most of them occurring in deep waters. Since they are generally of rather large size, many of them may be of interest to carpus of second perelopod segmented j proton aria i examples of family representativesaf FAO Sheets PANDALIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) SIMILAR FAMILIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: \ Nematocarcinidae: first 2 pairs of pereio- pods similar and ending in pincers, their carpus Unsegmented; the following pairs extremely elon- goto. Pasiphasidae: _ body strongly compressed; rostrum short; pereiopeds of first 2 pairs much larger and stronger than those of following palrs. Palaemenidae: first pair of pereiopods with small pincers; second pair much better developed and bearing strong pincers, their carpus unseg- mented. Hippolytidae: _pereiopods of first pair rather robust, ending in well developed pincers. 2 pairs of pereiopods stronger Crangonidae: first palr of pereiopods very robust with incomplete pincers lacking the fixed Pasiphaeidae fingers body depressed. Penaeidean shrimps: pleura of second sbdo- ‘minal segment not overlapping those of first seg- ments the 3 ‘iret paire of perelopads ending in pincers. Hippolyticae Nematacarcinidae strong pincers in second pair of pereiopods Palsernonidaeasi FAO Sheets PANDALIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) ‘Crangonidae KEY TO GENERA OCCURRING IN THE AREA: 1a. Carpus in second pair of perelopads divided into 2 articles (Fig. 1) sess Chlorotocus 1b. Carpus in second pair of persiopods divided Into more than 3 articles 2a. Longitudinal crests running through pti length of sides of carepace Fig. Hotorocery 2b. No crests running through entire length of sides of carapace ‘carpus divided 3a. Third maxilliped without exopod sine Pandalina into 2 atticies 3b. Third maxilliped with exapod ‘4a. First 4 peirs of pereiopods WIth epIDOUS srmssneneeeee Plosiontl 4b, Pereiopods without epipods .. Parapandalus Chiorotocus 9p. ‘second perelopod Heterocarpus ensiferFAO Sheets PANDALIDAE Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part) LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Code numbers are given for those species for which Identification Sheets are included Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa, 1871) Hoterocarpus ensifer A. Milne Edwards, 1881. PANOL Hoter 2 terocarpus grim A. Milne Edwarde & Bouvier, 1900 Feterocarpus laevigatus Bate, 1888 Pendalina profunda Holthuis, 1946 Parapandelug brevipes Crosnier é Forest, 1968 Tapandelus narval (Pabricive, 1787) PANDL Parapnd 1 Parapandalus Fichardi (Coutiére, 1905) Plesionika acanthonatus (Sl. Smith, 1682) Pissioniica carinata Holthuie, 1951 Plesionika sdwardell (Brandt, 1851) Plesfoniia ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) Piesiontea gigliolii (Senna, 1903) Plesioniée hetoracarpus (Costa, 1671) Plesiontia holthulsl Crosnier & Forest, 1968 Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1885) PANDL Plesion 1 Blesioniia rossignali Crosnier é Forest, 1968 Blesionika willlamel Forest, 1963 Propared by J.P. Lagardére, Antenne de la Station Marine d'Endoume, C.R.E.O., La Rochelle, France. Iustrations prepared by Messrs. Gaillard (Laboratoire de Zoologie du Muséum des Sciences Naturelies, Paris) and Opie (0.8.5.1.0.M,, Paris) 1 revised by A. Crosnier (Paris, France) and L.B. Holthuis (Leiden, The Netherlands) Draft texts end illustratPANDL Heter 2 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS PANDALIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 47 (in part) (Ec. Atiantic) Heteracarpus ensifer A. Milne Edwards, 1881 OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Heterocarpus corinatus (Smith, 1682), Agassiz, 1888 VERNACULAR NAMES : FAO: En ~ Armed nylon shrimp Fr ~ Crevette nylon armée Sp ~ Camarén nailén armado NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS + Rostrum well developed and toothed throughout ite dorsal and ventral margins; number of teeth in Atlantic imera usually ranging from 17-to-19 dorsal and B to 10 ventral xtreme variations 13-t0 19 and @ to 13, SEpontivelyi- Carapsce amarnented with 7 longitudinal crests, one of therm mid-doreal prolonging the rostrum and the other 6 lateral (3 on either side); upper lateral crest apparently terminating In the hepatic region, but in fact continuing Torward - scarcely visible - to orbital margin, the other crests quite prominent throughout the length of ‘carapace and ending, one at the antennal spine and the other at the branchiostegal spine. Stylocerite reachin dng postartorly Tre anteriorly to middle of second article of antennular peduncle. A distinct mid-dorsal keel e Sirong tooth on abdarinal segments Senden Colours general background nacreous pink with red blotches on carapace and on thoracic #8 well as abdominalDISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Heterocarpus grimaldil and H. laevigatus: doreal margin of rostrum toathed at base only, carepaco with only 2 lateral crests, and stylocerite reaching to or extending slightly beyond anterior edge of second article of antennular peduncle. Furthermore, third abdominal segment with a moderate dorsal keel and @ rounded posterior margin in H. laevigatus- smooth Other species of Pandalidas: carapace smooth or 2nd article only slightly ridged. of antennular peduncle stylocerite H. grimatdii SE: Maximum total length: 14.2 em. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR West African coast from Gibraltar to Congo (5002's). Inhabits muddy bottoms on the deeper part of the continental shelf and on the slope, between 150 and about 900 m depth, but never forming dense popula- tions. Berried fernalas have been observed from March to August. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS : Mainly soft bottoms of tho continental slope. ‘his qpecton i rather common but never vory stuns kt It'may be of inorent au bycatch in ehrimp heros ot + ensifer the continental slopes CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for thie species. Caught with bottom trawls; it could possibly also be fished with traps. Marketed fresh and frozen. rsPANDL Parapnd 1 1981 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: PANDALIDAE FISHING AREAS 34, 87 (in part) (Ec. attantic) Parapandalus narval (Fabricius, 1787) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Perapandalus pristis (Risso, 1816) VERNACULAR NAME! ° 250m FAG: En ~ Nerwat shrimp Fr - Crevette narvel Sp = Camarén narval NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Rostrum very long (twice the length of carapace), Its dorsal margin entirely covered with over 40 close-set tooth, ventral margin with more than G0 teeth initiating at 3 certain distance of orbital margin,antennular and $BeEPe aE agelln vary long. Third moliped Beoring an exopeds carpus in eocond pair of pereigpads divided into 22 articles; 0 epipods on perelopods. Posterior edge of third abdominal segment smooth Colour: transparent whitish with well defined bright red stripes; 4 very characterstic yellow golden lines between the deeper red lines of back.DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Parapandalue richardl: dorsal = margin of rostrum with 20 rather well i spaced teeth (40 in P. narval) starting os posteriorly with @ group of two more close-set teeth; ventral margin with 25 teeth (over 40 in P. narvall; eyes ‘small; carpus in second pair of pereio- Pods divided into 12 artictes (22 in P. ‘narval); posterior edge of third abdo- ‘minal segment with a mid-dorsal spine. P. brevipes: dorsal margin of rostrum with Tess then 30 tooth starting at base with a group of 6 (rarely'5 or 7)5 ventral margin with 25 to 30 teeths ‘eyes very large; carpus In second pair of perelopods divided Into 14 to 17 articles. Heterocarpus epecies: several crests runnning along entire length of sides of carapace. Plesionika specie: epipods present on pereiopod: = Funthenior, extn smooth dorsal cop at bao) In TZ tmartia and. enaay with eniy 9 ty 9 Coral tooth in PE edwardsii end considerably shorter in sll other Plesionika Pnarval — = sx Ss - Maximum total length: 14.5 cm. re Bega Lv a > egg cee GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR : er gree iii Present throughout the area including Madeira and the Canary Islands; northward extending into the Mediterranean and to the Azores; southward extending te Angola. ‘Adulto are benthic, inhabiting mud or muddy sand bottoms, often near rocky areas of the continental slope. Although the species may occur between 10 and 900 m, it is most frequently caught between 200 and 400 m. The young seem to lead @ rather pelagic life. Spawning takes place during spring, from March to May. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS : Upper regions of continental slope. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species, but the catches are probably rather low. However, this species may be of considerable commercial value since it sometimes forms important concentrations (fishtrawl hauls of 57 kg/h off Guinea-Bissau) and elso because it can be easily fished with pots). Caught with bottom trawis and traps. Marketed mostly fresh?