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Dr.

Stefan Gttlich, ABB AG, 2014-3-25

EU-TWN High Voltage Electrical Equipment


management forum
Presentation of IEC 62271-200 Edition 2.0

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Overview

ABB
25 March 2014

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Introduction into IEC 62271-200 Edition 2.0

Overview about clause 6

Mandatory type tests

Mandatory type tests where applicable

Optional type tests

Execution of type tests on metal-enclosed switchgear

Documentation of type test results

Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz

Transfer of obtained test results according IEC 62271-307

Current discussions in MT 14

Summary and Conclusion

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Introduction into IEC 62271-200 Edition 2.0
AC metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages
above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV
1.

General

2.

Normal and special service conditions

3.

Terms and definitions

4.

Ratings

5.

Design and construction

6.

Type tests

7.

Routine tests

8.

Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear

9.

Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders

10. Transport, storage, installation, operation and maintenance


11. Safety
12. Influence of the product on the environment
ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Overview about clause 6
The type tests shall be made on representative functional units. Because
of the variety of types, ratings and possible combinations of components, it
is not practicable to make type tests with all the arrangements of metalenclosed switchgear and controlgear. The performance of any particular
arrangement may be substantiated by test data of comparable
arrangements.

=> Guidance is given in TR IEC 62271-307 (Guide for the extension of


validity of type tests)

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Mandatory type tests
Mandatory type tests:
a) tests to verify the insulation level of the equipment (see 6.2);
b) tests to prove the temperature rise of any part of the equipment and
measurement of the resistance of circuits (see 6.5 and 6.4);
c) tests to prove the capability of the main and earthing circuits to be subjected
to the rated peak and the rated short-time withstand currents (see 6.6);
d) tests to prove the making and breaking capacity of the included switching
devices (see 6.101);
e) tests to prove the satisfactory operation of the included switching devices
and removable parts (see 6.102);
f)

tests to verify the IP protection code (see 6.7.1);

g) tests to verify auxiliary and control circuits (see 6.10).

The mandatory type tests (not including items l, m and n) shall be


carried out on a maximum of four test specimens.
ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Mandatory type tests, where applicable
Mandatory type tests, where applicable:
h) tests to verify the protection of the equipment against mechanical
impact (see 6.7.2);
i) tests to verify the protection of persons against dangerous electrical
effects (see 6.104);
j) tests to verify the strength of gas-filled compartments (see 6.103);
k) tightness tests of gas- or liquid-filled compartments (see 6.8);
l) tests to assess the effects of arcing due to an internal arc fault (for
switchgear and controlgear classification IAC) (see 6.106);
m) electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) (see 6.9);
n) x-radiation test procedures for vacuum interrupters (see 6.11);
o) tests to verify the protection of the equipment against external effects
due to weather (see 6.105);
p) dielectric tests on cable testing circuits (see 6.2.101).
ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Optional type tests
Optional type tests (subject to agreement between
manufacturer and user):
q) tests to evaluate the insulation of the equipment by the measurement
of partial discharges (see 6.2.9);
r) artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators (see 6.2.8).

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type tests:
a) tests to verify the insulation level of
the equipment (see 6.2)
Clause 6.2 of IEC 62271-200 makes
reference to IEC 62271-1 clause 6.2;
Some additional requirements are defined in 200

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type tests:
b) tests to prove the temperature rise of
any part of the equipment and
measurement of the resistance of
circuits
The measured resistance across the complete
main circuit of an assembly of metal-enclosed
switchgear shall be the reference for the routine
test (refer to 7.3).
test shall be performed with those components or
arrangements for which the most severe
conditions are obtained.
It is admissible to simulate equivalent conditions
by means of heaters or heat insulation, if the test
cannot be performed under actual conditions.
The temperature of the temporary connections
shall be measured at the point where they leave
the enclosure and at a distance of 1 m externally.
The temperature difference shall not exceed 5 K.

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type tests:
d) tests to prove the making and
breaking capacity of the included
switching devices (see 6.101);

ABB
25 March 2014

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IEC 62271-100: test duty T100s, T100a,

IEC 62271-103: 10 CO operations with rated


mainly active load breaking current (Test
duty 1). Test duty 5 according to class E1,
E2 or E3, as applicable, unless the switch
does not have a rated short-circuit making
capacity.

IEC 62271-105: Test duties TDIsc, and the


highest value of TDItransfer and TDIto.

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type tests:
e) tests to prove the satisfactory
operation of the included switching
devices and removable parts (see
6.102);
In addition to the mechanical type tests all
switching devices shall be operated 50 times
C-O when installed in the metal- enclosed
switchgear.
The normal manual operation handle shall be
used to perform these tests. During the tests
double the normal forces shall be employed,
except that in the case of an interlock
blocking the operating shaft, a
prospective force of 750 N shall be applied
halfway along the length of the gripping part
of the operating handle.

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type tests:
f)

tests to verify the IP protection


code (see 6.7.1);
f) Reference is made to IEC 62271-1
subclause 6.7.1

g) tests to verify auxiliary and control


circuits (see 6.10).
f) Reference is made to IEC 62271-1
subclause 6.10.1

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Execution of type tests on metal enclosed switchgear
Mandatory type test where applicable:
l)

ABB
25 March 2014

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tests to assess the effects of arcing due to an internal arc fault (for switchgear and controlgear classification IAC)

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Documentation of type test results

Type of Report
Number of Pages
Copy Number
Declaration of Test Object
Manufacturer and Client
Date of Test
Relevant Standards
Test result

Signatures, Seal and Date


of Issue
General Remarks
Accreditation according
IEC/ISO 17025
ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Documentation of type test results

The majority of the Laboratories carrying out type tests are accredited
according IEC/ISO 17025

Within lLAC and EA it is insured that common criteria for laboratory


accreditation are applied

In addition the leading laboratories carrying out type tests belong to the STL
organization following additional rules specified by the STL testing
community to harmonize testing

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Documentation of routine test results

The routine tests shall be made to


ensure that the manufactured product is
in accordance with the equipment on
which the type test has been carried out.

Production departments certified


according to IEC/ISO 9001 are under
permanent supervision of the national
accreditation bodies (reaudit each 3
years)

The named process ensures that


=> a suited quality system is in place
=> test equipment is calibrated
frequently and calibration is traceable to
the national normal

Routine test results are documented


and stored as quality documents

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz
Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz
Type test item
/ Reference in Standard
Dielectric Test

Covered frequencies

Conclusion

45Hz to 65 Hz

Tests carried out at 50Hz cover 60Hz


application and vice versa

Test performed at 50Hz on switching devices


of the open type having no ferrous
components adjacent to the current carrying
parts should be deemed to prove the
performance of the switching device when
rated at 60Hz, provided that the
temperature rise values recorded during the
tests at 50Hz do not exceed 95% of the
maximum permissible value
Short-time current and peak withstand
current tests performed at 50Hz or 60Hz,
using a peak factor of 2,6, cover both
frequencies for networks with d.c. time
constants of 45ms or lower.
Using a peak factor of 2.7 cover networks
with d.c. time constants higher than 45ms.

In general a guideline is given which


applicability needs to be verified on the
individual product => Responsibility of the
manufacturer

Power frequency voltage tests


According IEC 62271-1 table F1

Temperature rise test


According IEC 62271-1 clause 6.5.2
Note 2

Short time withstand current


and peak withstand current
tests
STL Guide to the interpretation of IEC
62271-200, Edition 2.0, 2011-10

ABB
25 March 2014

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Peak factor to verify the dynamic behavior


needs to be adapted accordingly.
Thermal part with the same current flow
duration covers frequency of 50Hz and
60Hz

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz
Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz
Type test item
/ Reference in Standard
Basic short circuit tests for
vacuum circuit breakers
Based on test experience with
vacuum interrupters

Capacitive switching
applications

Covered frequencies

Conclusion

Vacuum interrupters are not sensitive to the


di/dt prior to the current interruption. 50Hz
tests are resulting in longer arcing time
which is more demanding for vacuum
interrupters
Rate of rise of the recovery voltage is
steeper in 60Hz applications

Basic short circuit test duties carried out at


50Hz cover the 60Hz applications

Energy equivalent given by

Therefore internal arc tests carried out at


50Hz are valid for 60Hz and vice versa

(line charging, cable charging, single


capacitor bank switching, back to
back switching)

Internal arc test

is the relevant parameter which is not


frequency dependent

ABB
25 March 2014

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Capacitive switching tests need to be


carried out at 60Hz or with a higher power
frequency voltage at 50Hz

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz

ABB
March 2014

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results from 50Hz to 60Hz
Comparison test results 50Hz and 60Hz - only phase L2
80
70
60

Temperature rise [K]

50
40
30
D01 (60Hz)
20
D02 (50Hz)
10

Limits

Measuring point

ABB
March 2014

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results according TR IEC 62271-307
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR
Part 307 Guidance for the extension of validity of type tests of AC metal-and
solid insulation enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages
above 1kV and up to and including 52kV.
This part of IEC 62271 refers to prefabricated metal and solid insulation enclosed (both
hereinafter called enclosed) switchgear and controlgear assemblies for alternating
current of rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV as specified in
62271-200 and 62271-201 and other equipment included in the same enclosure
with any possible mutual influence.
The technical report can be used for the extension of the validity of type tests performed
on one test object with a defined set of ratings to another switchgear assembly of
the same family with different set of ratings or different arrangements. It supports
the selection of representative test objects composed of functional units of a family
of switchgear and controlgear aimed at the optimization of type tests in order to
perform a consistent conformity assessment.
This guide utilises a mixture of sound technical and physical principles, industry
experience and calculations to establish rules covering various design and rating
aspects.
ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Transfer of test results according TR IEC 62271-307
Family (set of
functionnal units)

Manufacturers view
FU1

FU2

FU3

FU4

FU5

Mapping acc. to
characteristic A

FU6

FU7

Mapping acc. to
characteristic B

Homogeneous
groups

definition of
test object

definition of
test object

Test
object 1

Test
object 2

Type test

Type test

Test Report 1

Test Report 2

ABB
25 March 2014

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From a given switchgear family,

test objects can be selected

for each characteristic,

the test results of which would


validate the complete family

with a minimum number of test


objects and

minimum number of type tests

Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Current discussions in MT 14

According to the view of SC17C MT14 in charge for the


maintenance of IEC 62271-200 no significant changes regarding
the current version of the standard are required

Document 17C/579/RQ was presented at the IEC SC17C meeting


in Delft.
The conclusion was that in principle the standard IEC 62271200 is well understood and no major change is required,
although some misinterpretations could arise.

The MT team is proposing to issue an interpretation sheet and to


keep the stability date of the existing standard

A draft of the interpretation sheet was issued which will be send as


a DC (Document for Comments) to the National Committees

ABB
25 March 2014

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Presentation of IEC 62271-200


Summary and Conclusion

IEC 62271-200 applicable for AC metal-and solid insulation enclosed


switchgear and controlgear is frequently updated and reviewed by
representatives of utilities and manufacturers.

Therefore it is insured that the named standards reflects the state of the
technology.

Type tests are carried out in accredited laboratories (IEC 17025) which are
under permanent supervision of the national accreditation bodies ensuring the
competence in type testing and the compliance with the named standard.

TR IEC 622271-307 is intended to emphasize technical and physical principles,


industry experience and calculations to establish rules to transfer obtained type
test results in order to perform a consistent conformity assessment.

Routine tests according to the requirements of IEC/ISO9001 ensure a


controlled process and the traceability of the obtained results and the used
testing equipment

=> Based on the experience made in an international environment the


above mentioned procedure to qualify AC metal-and solid insulation
enclosed switchgear and controlgear is fit for purpose
ABB
25 March 2014

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