Organic

Chemistry
By: Chichi Oil Nina Paul Thaothong Joy

What is Organic Chemistry?

Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition,
reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds. Its include not
only hydrocarbons, but also compounds with any number of other elements
such as hydrogen that is the most compounds contain at least one
carbonhydrogen bond, and also nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus,
silicon, and sulfur.

Structure of Organic Chemitry

Alkane RCH2CH2R

CnH2n+2

EA

SY

!!!

Alkene RCH=CHR

CnH2n
.

lp

Alkyne RCCR

CnH2n-2

He

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me

How to naming the organic chemistry???

Alcohols
consists of a hydrocarbons chain which has a hydroxide instead of hydrogen which can be
anywhere in the compound. R-OH is the formula for an alcohol: R is any hydrocarbon. To name
alcohols, for examples, propanol comes from from propane hydrocarbon, so you used -anol rather
than -ane. Alcohol can make acids solutions. A common reaction is alcohol with carboxylic acids to
make water and ester.

OH

R-

OH

Example of Alcohol

Reaction of Alcohol
Testing
If 1. Testing by Na
If it is alcohol, the product will be R-ONa + H2
H
H

H
OH + Na

ONa + 1 H
2

Reaction of alcohol
2. Testing by NaOH or NaHCO3
(Sodium Hydroxide) (Sodium Bicarbonate)
-

Alcohol wont react with NaOH NaHCO3

Utilization or Application
CH3OH (methanol)
CH3CH2CH2

fuel / gas sohol

OH (Propnanol)

C2H5OH (ethanol)

solvent for industries usage

alcohol beverage

Elimination of Alcohols
Dehydration

H
OH

Reaction with hydrohalic (strong acid)

The strong acid will destroy C-O bond

Ethers
consists of 2 hydrocarbons with oxygen between them. It it like naming 2
alkyl groups and ether at the end. For instance, ethyl ether propyl, the
formula is CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3. The common formula for ethers is R-O-R
which means that there are 2 akyl groups.

R-O-R

-R
O
R

Ether

Structure : R-O-R
1. CH3-O-CH3 (dimethyl ether)
2. CH3-O-CH2-CH3 (methyl ethyl ether)
3. CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (diethyl ether)

Ether
Synthesis: Williason ether synthesis
H
H C O = R O + R X
H

R O R + X (X is Halogen)

Reaction with Air

Ether + Air

Peroxide

Utilization of ether
Ex.
CH3 O CH3

use as the organic solvent

CH3CH2 O CH3 CH2

use in medical (anaesthetic drugs)

use as the organic solvent
manufacture of smokeless, gunpowder and use in
perfumery

Three question for Alcohol

Three qustion for Ether

References

http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Core/Organic_Chemistry/Case_Studies/What_is_Organic
%3F

https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/nomen1.htm

http://www.chem.uiuc.edu/organic/Alcohols/Chapter%206/sec6-15/6-15.htm